JP2007275852A - Wind-force separator, and method and apparatus for separating and recovering fibrous component and resin component from waste product using it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus in which a fibrous component and a resin component of a waste product including a fibrous layer and a resin coating layer such as waste wall paper can be separated and recovered at high precision and high efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: A wind-force separator 7 in which a circular plate 20 is horizontally supported in a vertically cylindrical separation column 15 having an upper discharge port 17 for suction and a lower discharge port 18 serving also as an air supply port disposed therein so that a ventilation gap 24 is present between the periphery of the circular plate 20 and an inner wall surface of the separation column 15, a tip end opening 19c of an air transport pipe 19 inserted from outside of the separation column 15 is placed in a center portion of an upper surface of the circular plate 20, a ground material of waste wall paper is transferred to the center portion of the upper surface of the circular plate 20 through the air transport pipe 19, a resin component that is a component having a high specific gravity in the ground material is dropped from the periphery of the circular plate 20, and a fibrous component that is a component having a low specific gravity in the ground material is sucked riding on an air stream introduced from the lower discharge port 18 and moving upward inside of the separation column 15 from the upper discharge port 17 to discharge it. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind power separating apparatus, a separating method and a separating apparatus using the same. More specifically, it is a composite product waste (hereinafter referred to as “waste product”) composed of a fibrous component and a synthetic resin component (hereinafter referred to as “resin component”), which is used as an interior material for buildings and industrial materials. ), A method and an apparatus for separating and recovering a fibrous component and a resin component, and a wind power separating apparatus used in these methods and apparatuses. In particular, a fibrous layer and a synthetic resin coating layer (hereinafter referred to as “a”) such as wallpaper coated with a vinyl chloride resin on a fiber backing paper base or a work glove in which a vinyl chloride resin is applied to the surface of a cloth hand. The present invention relates to a technique for separating and recovering a fibrous component and a resin component from a waste product including a resin coating layer ”) and recycling them as recycled materials.

  In recent years, it has been required to reuse as much as possible from the viewpoints of environmental considerations and resource recycling. Waste products that are composed of a single component consisting of synthetic resin alone or fiber alone such as paper and cloth can be reused relatively easily by separating and collecting them separately for each component. Yes. However, the material composition of the product is not a single system, such as wallpaper, tile carpet, canvas, which is one of the products used in the building material field, and trim and ceiling materials used as automobile interior materials, It is difficult to recycle a composite material such as a work glove in which a vinyl-based resin is applied to the surface of a cloth original hand unless a corresponding recycling method is adopted and the constituent components are not separated. For this reason, the separation and recovery method for separating the composite material composed of the fiber and the synthetic resin with high accuracy for each constituent component has been desired.

  In general, the wallpaper is a composite material in which a backing paper is used as a base material, and a synthetic resin layer such as a vinyl chloride resin is coated on the surface of the paper base material by a coating method or a calendar method. This wallpaper generates waste when it is renovated and replaced, defective products in the manufacturing process, changes in design, and disposal of long-term stock. However, in order to recycle these wallpaper wastes, it is very difficult to separate the paper of the backing substrate and the resin coating layer of the surface layer. For this reason, these wallpaper wastes cannot be easily recycled, and most of them must be treated by landfill or incineration. However, in recent years, construction costs for waste treatment facilities and waste disposal costs have risen due to a decrease in landfill disposal space in metropolitan areas and problems with incineration exhaust gas measures during incineration. It is difficult to dispose of waste materials such as composite materials. In order to solve these problems, various methods for recycling composite material waste and various methods for separating a composite material composed of a fibrous component and a resin component have been studied and developed.

  For example, as a method of reusing wallpaper, a method of coarsely pulverizing vinyl chloride wallpaper with the backing paper attached, and further finely pulverizing or heating and kneading it to form a plate or process into a pellet or the like is disclosed. (See Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). However, in these methods, since the fibrous component is not removed from the resin component (vinyl chloride resin), there is a problem that the processability and mechanical properties of the recycled material are inferior and the usage is limited. Also, as a method for separating and recovering the backing substrate and the coating layer vinyl chloride resin, the backing material is wetted with water or warm water, or the vinyl chloride layer is swollen with an organic solvent, A method for separating and recovering a vinyl chloride resin is disclosed (see Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4). However, these methods mainly recover and recycle the vinyl chloride resin, and do not consider the recovery and regeneration of the backing paper of the base material. Moreover, the wastewater treatment device, the solvent removal device, and the solvent recovery device Therefore, there is a problem that processing efficiency is poor. Furthermore, separation of the vinyl chloride resin and the backing paper of the substrate is not sufficient, and the recovered vinyl chloride resin is mixed with fibers such as backing paper to obtain recycled vinyl chloride with good processability and mechanical properties. There was a problem that was not possible. Furthermore, a method is disclosed in which waste wallpaper is put into a jet vortex and separated after being finely pulverized (see Patent Document 5). However, this method requires high energy for fine pulverization and finely cuts the fibers of the substrate backing paper. However, there was a problem that the use was limited very narrowly.

  In addition, a vacuum suction port is provided at the top and an air supply port is provided at the bottom as a wind power separation device for separating, collecting, and recycling the fiber component and the resin component from the composite material composed of the fiber component and the resin component. A circular plate is horizontally supported in a vertical cylindrical separation tower so that there is a ventilation gap around it, and a mixture of crushed chips and cotton-like dust is carried into the center of the circular plate by an air transport pipe. A dust separation device that drops crushing chips from the peripheral edge of the circular plate, and sucks cotton-like dust into the vacuum suction port by putting it in an air stream that enters the air supply port and rises in the separation tower. It has been proposed (see Patent Document 6). This dust separation device is a device that can recover a good resin component from a composite material such as an interior material of an automobile. However, even in this dust separation device, it cannot be said that the separation and recovery of cotton-like dust (fibrous component) from the crushed chips (resin component) is sufficient. Therefore, after separating into pulverized chips and cotton dust by the separation tower of the dust separation device, the pulverized chips discharged from the separation tower are received in an oscillating dish and are oscillated to remove the pulverized chips from the oscillating dish. Sequentially sent to the outlet side. During this time, cotton dust that adheres to the outer surface of the crushed chips and cannot be removed by the dust separation device (separation tower) is removed by rubbing the crushed chips adjacent to each other. On the net provided in the opening on the side bottom, light cotton-like dust is lifted by the air flow blown up from the lower side and lifted by vacuum, while heavy crushing chips are discharged from the outlet of the rocking dish. A dust separation device has also been proposed (see Patent Document 7). As a result, the obtained crushing chip has a higher purity, but the configuration of the apparatus such as a rocking dish is complicated, and this apparatus also separates and collects fiber components such as vinyl chloride wallpaper and resin components. The separation accuracy was not sufficient.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-114838 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-126745 JP-A-52-07979 JP 09-059423 A JP 05-247863 A JP 2000-37663 A JP 2002-219447 A

  The present invention solves the above-described problems and provides a separation apparatus in which the dust separation apparatus (separation tower) disclosed in Patent Document 6 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-37663) is further improved, and this improvement is provided. By using a separation device, waste products including a fiber layer and a resin coating layer, particularly waste wallpaper, while maintaining the quality of each material of the backing paper and the vinyl chloride resin coating layer, with high accuracy, and An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus capable of efficiently separating and recovering, and to recycle a base paper component and a vinyl chloride resin component as recycled raw materials.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have made extensive studies on the separation and recovery method using the dust separation device disclosed in Patent Document 6, and as a result, have obtained the following knowledge, that is, the dust. In the separation device, an air transport pipe is horizontally inserted into the separation tower from the lower side surface of the vertical cylindrical separation tower, and its front end opening is directed downward to face the center on the circular plate. The transport pipe is bent at right angles from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction just before the opening of the tip. For this reason, large turbulence and drift occur in the airflow moving in the air transport pipe, and the velocity of the air containing the pulverized waste wallpaper discharged from the tip opening becomes uneven in the circumferential direction on the circular plate. A piece of vinyl chloride crushing chips with cotton-like debris still remains on a part of the plate, which falls from the circular plate and is discharged from the air supply port at the bottom of the separation tower. For this reason, fibrous components (cotton dust) are mixed in the collected vinyl chloride resin (crushing chips), and the separation accuracy is not sufficient. However, an air transport pipe for carrying a crushed material such as waste wallpaper (a mixture of crushed chips and cotton dust) onto the circular plate over a predetermined length from the opening at its tip, Thus, it has been found that the above-mentioned problem can be solved by forming a substantially orthogonal straight line.

  That is, the wind power separating apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a circular plate in the periphery of a vertical cylindrical separation tower provided with an upper discharge port for suction at the upper portion and a lower discharge port serving also as an air supply port at the lower portion. It is supported horizontally so that there is a ventilation gap between the inner wall of the separation tower, and the tip opening of the air transport pipe inserted from the outside of the separation tower into the separation tower is disposed in the center of the upper surface of the circular plate, and the air Through the transport pipe, a mixture of components having different specific gravities is carried into the center of the upper surface of the circular plate, and a component having a large specific gravity (hereinafter referred to as “heavy component”) in the mixture is dropped from the peripheral portion of the circular plate. On the other hand, components with a small specific gravity (hereinafter referred to as “light components”) in the mixture are sucked and discharged from the upper discharge port on the air flow that enters the lower discharge port and rises in the separation tower. A wind separator, wherein the pneumatic transport pipe 4 times the length of the tube diameter of the air transport tube from the opening (D3) over (L), characterized by having a straight pipe section that is substantially perpendicular to the circular plate.

  The air transport pipe is preferably inserted into the separation tower from the upper part of the separation tower, and more preferably, is inserted obliquely from the upper part of the separation tower into the separation tower.

  The ratio (H / D) of the height (H) and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical portion of the separation tower is preferably in the range of 0.8 ≦ H / D ≦ 2.5.

  As the size of the air gap between the circular plate and the inner wall surface of the separation tower, the ratio (D1 / D2) of the diameter (D1) of the circular plate and the inner wall surface of the separation tower (D1 / D2) is 0.4 ≦ D1. The size is preferably within the range of /D2≦0.98.

  In addition, it is preferable that the peripheral edge of the circular plate is formed so as to rise linearly or curved upward so that a tangential angle with respect to a horizontal plane portion of the circular plate is within a range of 5 ° to 75 °.

  Furthermore, it is also preferable that a discharge guide cylinder surrounding the upper discharge port is suspended from the upper part of the separation cylinder.

  Further, according to the present invention, a method for separating and recovering a fiber component and a resin component from a waste product includes a fiber layer and a resin coating layer, and the fiber from the waste product including the fiber layer and the resin coating layer. A method for separating and recovering a quality component and a resin component, and A) the above-mentioned waste by using a punching metal that regulates the size of the waste product to be crushed or a screen having a grid opening of 1 mm to 25 mm. A pulverization step for pulverizing the product, and B) using the wind power separation device of the present invention, a pulverized product comprising a mixture of a fiber component and a resin component pulverized in the pulverization step is separated by the air transport pipe The resin component in the crushed material is dropped from the peripheral edge of the circular plate and discharged from the lower discharge port, while the fibrous component in the crushed material enters from the lower discharge port. Up the separation tower By sucking and discharging from the upper discharge port placed on the air flow, characterized in that it comprises a separation step of separating the fibrous component and a resin component.

  By adjusting the amount of air supplied into the separation tower of the wind separator and the amount of suction and discharge from the upper discharge port, the wind speed at the peripheral edge of the circular plate installed in the separation tower is adjusted to 1 m / sec to 20 m / It is preferable to separate the fibrous component and the resin component by adjusting within a range of sec.

  In the separation and recovery method, it is also preferable that the separation step is repeated twice or more, or the pulverization step and the separation step are alternately repeated twice or more.

  The separation and recovery method of the present invention is suitable for separating and recovering a fibrous component and a resin component from a vinyl chloride resin wallpaper.

  Further, the separation and recovery device for the fiber component and the resin component from the waste product according to the present invention includes a waste layer including the fiber layer and the resin coating layer formed by using the wind power separation device of the present invention as described above. A device for separating and collecting fiber components and resin components from a product, and A) a crusher provided with a punching metal for regulating the size of crushing waste products or a screen with a grid opening of 1 mm to 25 mm And B) the wind power separation device of the present invention.

  The pulverizer is preferably a shear pulverizer or an impact pulverizer, and the impact pulverizer is preferably a swing hammer crusher type pulverizer.

  Furthermore, it is also preferable that two or more wind power separating devices are connected in series, or two or more wind power separating devices are alternately connected in series.

  In the wind power separating apparatus of the present invention, an air transport pipe for carrying pulverized waste wallpaper or the like onto the circular plate of the separation tower is substantially the same as the circular plate over a predetermined length from the opening at the tip thereof. Since it is formed in an orthogonal straight line, the air flow containing a mixture of heavy and light components that move in the air transport pipe is suppressed from large turbulence and drift of the air flow while passing through the straight pipe section, The speed at each position in the circumferential direction of the transport pipe is made uniform, and the air flow including the mixture is discharged from the tip opening of the air transport pipe at a substantially uniform speed at each position in the circumferential direction on the circular plate. Is done. As a result, crushing chips of vinyl chloride with heavy components such as cotton dust remaining on a part of the circular plate remain and fall from the circular plate and are discharged from the air supply port at the bottom of the separation tower. Therefore, mixing of light components such as fibrous components into heavy components such as recovered vinyl chloride resin is suppressed, and the separation accuracy is improved. Thereby, the light component (fiber component) and the heavy component (resin component) can be efficiently separated and recovered from the composite waste product including the light component (fiber layer) and the heavy component (resin coating layer). Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to recover the fiber component and the resin component separated with high accuracy from a composite material such as waste wallpaper without adding a pretreatment with an organic solvent, water, hot water, etc. A large-scale processing apparatus such as an apparatus, a solvent removal apparatus, and a solvent recovery apparatus is unnecessary, and the separation and recovery costs can be kept low.

  In addition, if the wallpaper is processed by the separation and recovery method or the separation and recovery apparatus of the present invention, a high quality paper component (fiber component) having a long paper fiber length can be recovered and mixed again into the wallpaper backing paper for reuse. In addition, it can be used for recycled paper applications such as paper sheets, molds, and cushioning materials. Further, if the resin recovered by the separation / recovery method or separation / recovery apparatus of the present invention is a vinyl chloride resin, since the ratio of the mixed fiber component is small, the vinyl chloride resin flooring, the sound insulation sheet In addition to the above, it can be used as a recycled raw material that can be reused for vinyl chloride resin products as an injection molding material and an extrusion molding material.

  In the wind power separating apparatus according to the present invention, among the components to be separated, heavy components such as vinyl chloride resin for wallpaper fall from the peripheral edge of the circular plate, while light components such as paper component for wallpaper fall on the lower part. The air enters the outlet and rides on the air flow rising in the separation tower, rises in the separation cylinder, and is finally sucked and discharged from the upper discharge port. At this time, a light component that has risen from the circular plate is floating in the separation cylinder. When light components floating in the separation tower accumulate on the air transport pipe inserted from the outside of the separation tower and gather together to form a lump, they are heavier from the lower outlet provided at the lower part of the separation tower. In the case of wallpaper discharged together with the components, the mixing rate of the paper components into the recovered vinyl chloride resin is increased. In this regard, light component air floating in the separation tower is inserted by inserting the air transport pipe into the separation tower from the upper part of the separation tower, and further obliquely inserted into the separation tower from the upper part of the separation tower. The accumulation amount on the transport pipe is reduced, the mixing ratio of light components to heavy components is reduced, and the separation accuracy is improved.

  Further, by setting the ratio (H / D) of the height (H) and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical portion of the separation tower within the range of 0.8 ≦ H / D ≦ 2.5, While the flow of the pulverized wallpaper etc. is moderately large, the fiber pieces of the base material, which is a light component, that have been unwound in a cotton-like manner are well discharged from the upper outlet on the air flow rising in the separation tower, Each component can be separated and recovered with high accuracy.

  Further, the ratio of the circular plate diameter (D1) to the diameter (D2) of the inner wall of the separation tower (D1 / D2) of the ventilation gap existing between the circular plate provided in the separation cylinder and the inner wall of the separation tower is 0. By setting the size within the range of 4 ≦ D1 / D2 ≦ 0.98, the speed of the airflow rising through the ventilation gap is more than necessary without obstructing the passage (falling) of heavy components more than necessary. Each component can be separated and recovered with high accuracy without a problem that the heavy component and the light component are discharged from the upper discharge port.

  Further, the peripheral edge portion of the circular plate is formed to rise upward in a straight or curved manner so that the tangential angle with respect to the horizontal surface portion of the circular plate is within a range of 5 ° to 75 °, thereby providing pneumatic transportation. The flow direction of the mixture that is ejected from the opening at the tip end of the tube and collides with the circular plate and flows from the central portion to the peripheral portion is controlled to flow quickly, and the separation accuracy of each component is improved.

  In addition, two or more wind power separators are connected in series and the separation process is repeated twice or more, or two or more wind mills and wind power separators are connected in series to alternate the grinding process and the separation process. In this case, the separation accuracy of each component is further improved.

  The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. In the present invention, composite waste products to be treated include wallpaper, tile carpets and canvases, trims used as automotive interior materials, ceiling materials, work gloves in which vinyl chloride resin is applied to the surface of cloth hands, etc. Examples include composite materials. Among these, the wind power separation apparatus of the present invention and the separation and recovery method and separation and recovery apparatus using the same can accurately separate and recover the paper component and the vinyl chloride component from the wallpaper made of vinyl chloride resin. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail for the case of processing this vinyl chloride resin wallpaper.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pulverized product 1 obtained by pulverizing a vinyl chloride resin wallpaper as a composite material, and a vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and a fiber piece 3 contained in the pulverized product 1. FIG. 2 schematically shows an example of a separation and recovery device for separating and collecting the vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 and the fiber pieces 3 constituting the wallpaper from the vinyl chloride resin wallpaper.

  A wallpaper composed of synthetic resin and fibrous paper is a composite material in which the surface layer of a paper backing paper as a base material is coated with a synthetic resin by a coating method or a calendar method. In addition to paper made from pulp, flame-retardant paper (sheets made by treating pulp-based sheets with flame retardants such as guanidine sulfamate and guanidine phosphate) Inorganic paper mixed with inorganic agents such as aluminum and magnesium hydroxide and glass fiber is also used. On the other hand, the synthetic resin coating layer is typified by a vinyl chloride resin including a vinyl chloride copolymer such as polyvinyl chloride resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. However, a protective layer for improving scratch resistance, chemical resistance, contamination resistance, etc., using olefin resin such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, etc. What was provided is also mentioned.

  An apparatus for pulverizing these wallpapers to separate paper components and resin components and recover them to recycle them is, for example, a pulverizer 4 and a pulverizer 4 as shown in FIG. Is provided with a wind separator 7 that separates the pulverized wallpaper 1 in which the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3 of the backing paper are mixed into the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3. . The wallpaper becomes a pulverized product 1 in which vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 are entangled and mixed with fiber pieces 3 by a pulverizer 4. Next, the pulverized material 1 is separated into the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3 by the wind separation device 7. The fiber component 3, which is a light component, is sucked from the upper outlet 17 of the separation tower 15 of the wind separation device 7 and is recovered in the fiber fragment recovery tank 12 via the blower 10 and the cyclone 11. On the other hand, the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 which is a heavy component is recovered from the lower discharge port 18 of the separation cylinder 15 of the wind power separating device 7 through the resin piece receptacle 8, the blower 9 and the cyclone 13 disposed below the resin outlet receptacle 18. It is separated and collected in the tank 14. It should be noted that, in separating the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3 of the backing paper that are mixed in the pulverized product 1 obtained by pulverizing the wallpaper, the pulverization process by the pulverizer 1 and the separation process by the wind power separating device 7 It is preferable to carry out continuously from the viewpoint of productivity and workability.

  In general, when separating and recovering each constituent material of a composite material for recycling, it is important to select the most appropriate type of pulverizer 4 depending on the type of composite material. In the present invention, when the composite material is pulverized, it is preferable to pulverize so that the particle size of the pulverized material is 1 mm to 25 mm, preferably 2 mm to 15 mm. If a screen having an opening in this range is used, it can be efficiently pulverized, and each constituent material can be well separated and recovered in a wind separation process subsequent to the pulverization process to be recycled. The size of the pulverized product is achieved by installing a punching metal or a screen 5 having a grid opening for regulating the size of the pulverized product in the pulverizer 4 and pulverizing. By making the particle size of this pulverized product smaller than 25 mm, the base fiber and the resin coating layer are peeled off favorably, and the separation accuracy between the fiber component and the resin component is excellent. By selecting the punching metal or the screen so that the particle size of the pulverized product is 1 mm or more and 25 mm or less, the composite material can be pulverized efficiently. Further, it is more preferable to pulverize to 2 mm or more and 15 mm or less because the fibrous component is sufficiently separated from the resin component in the process of pulverization. When punching metal is used as the screen 5, the shape of each opening is most commonly circular, but is not particularly limited, and may be oval, rectangular, or any other shape.

  By the way, in wallpaper, the backing paper and the vinyl chloride resin coating layer adhere well and are very difficult to separate. For this reason, in order to separate and recover the backing paper and vinyl chloride resin coating layer with high accuracy, an appropriate impact force is applied during pulverization to break up the paper fibers, and the vinyl chloride resin coating layer is attached to the backing paper. Must be peeled off and separated. Therefore, as the pulverizer 4, it is preferable to use an impact pulverizer suitable for pulverizing with appropriate impact force and shearing force. On the other hand, if the fiber component constituting the composite material is nylon, polyester, polypropylene, acrylic, acrylic fiber, cotton, wool, etc., synthetic carpet or natural fiber tile carpet, canvas, automotive interior materials, etc. 4. Using a shearing type crusher that has a rotating blade and a fixed blade and crushes with a shearing mechanism, the fiber is cut in advance, or is crushed with an impact type crusher in the same manner as the wallpaper, and separated into wind power. After the separation treatment by the apparatus 7, a plurality of pulverization steps and separation steps may be combined, such as pulverization and separation using a shearing pulverizer again. When the wallpaper is pulverized with a shearing type pulverizer, the paper fiber of the backing paper does not break and is easily cut in close contact with the vinyl chloride resin coating layer. Therefore, it is preferable to use an impact pulverizer. Furthermore, a swing hammer crusher is a kind of impact type crusher that gives a moderate impact force to the wallpaper when crushing the wallpaper, fully dissolves the paper fiber of the backing paper, and peels it off from the vinyl chloride resin coating layer. Is preferably used. The swing hammer crusher is a pulverizer that is usually provided with a screen 5 and rotates and pulverizes a rotating hammer at a high speed, and is characterized by a high impact frequency applied to an object to be processed. When the rotational speed is 1000 rpm or more and 2000 rpm or less, the grinding efficiency is high, which is a desirable mode. When the wallpaper is pulverized using this swing hammer crusher, the paper fiber of the backing paper is unraveled, and it is easy to be opened into a soft cotton shape, which is preferable. That is, when the wallpaper is pulverized using a swing hammer crusher as the pulverizer 4, the paper fiber of the backing paper is spread into a soft cotton shape by applying an appropriate impact force, and peeled off from the vinyl chloride resin coating layer. This is preferable because it also has the function of The opened soft cotton-like paper fiber is discharged from the upper outlet 17 of the separation tower 15 on an ascending air current in a wind power separating device 7 described later, and is separated and collected. On the other hand, the vinyl chloride resin of the vinyl chloride resin coating layer descends in the wind separator 7 and passes through the resin outlet receiver 8, the blower 9, and the cyclone 13 from the lower discharge port 18 of the separation tower 15, and the resin piece recovery tank. 14 recovered.

  The pulverized wallpaper 1 is carried from the blower 6 through the air transport pipe 19 to the separation tower 15 of the wind separator 7, and the blower 10 corresponds to the amount of air that is carried into the separation tower 15. The air volume discharged from the upper discharge port 17 is made equal to or slightly larger than the air volume carried in, so that air is replenished from the lower discharge port 18 of the separation tower 15 into the separation tower 15. It is preferable to adjust so as to generate an updraft.

  Moreover, what is shown in FIG. 3 shows an example of the separation-and-recovery device in which two pulverizers and two wind power separation devices are alternately connected, and the pulverization step and the separation step are alternately repeated twice. . In this separation and recovery apparatus, the wallpaper pulverized material 1 obtained by pulverizing the wallpaper with the pulverizer 4 is separated from the fiber pieces 3 of the backing paper in the separation tower 15 of the wind power separation apparatus 7 in the same manner as the separation and recovery apparatus of FIG. After separating the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 of the vinyl chloride resin coating layer, two vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 recovered from the lower discharge port 18 of the separation tower 15 to the resin piece receiver 8 provided below the two are provided. The pulverization step and the separation step are repeated twice, sent to the eye pulverizer 4B, pulverized again, and separated into the fiber piece 3 and the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 by the second wind power separating device 7B. It is an aspect. When the separation and recovery process is performed by this separation and recovery device, the screens 5 and 5B of the pulverizers 4 and 4B used in the first and second pulverizations have punching metal or lattice openings that regulate the size of the pulverized material. It is preferable to repeat the pulverization and separation so that the screen of the pulverizer 4B used for the second pulverization is smaller than the screen of the pulverizer 4 used for the first pulverization. Thereby, the separation accuracy of the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 can be improved. When the pulverization step and the wind separation step are repeated in this way, a plurality of pulverizers are connected in series or in parallel, or the first pulverization step and the wind separation step are performed in parallel, and the second pulverization step, wind force It is also possible to separate the wallpaper into the fiber piece 3 and the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 with high accuracy and a large amount by separating the separation steps in series. Further, the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 recovered from the lower discharge port 18 of the wind separator 7 is passed through a sieve using a known multistage circular vibrating sieve, rotary shifter, reciprocating shifter, etc. By selecting the fiber pieces 3 accompanying the resin pieces 2 and collecting them from under the sieve, the mixing rate of the fiber pieces 3 into the vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 is further reduced, and the purity of the recovered vinyl chloride resin is improved. You can also make it.

  Next, the wind power separation device of the present invention will be described in more detail. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the wind separation device 7 is provided with a suction upper discharge port 17 connected to the blowers 10 and 10 </ b> B shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 at the top of the vertical cylindrical separation tower 15. The lower portion is formed in a funnel shape, and has a substantially vertical cylindrical shape in which a lower discharge port 18 is provided in the center portion (funnel portion 16). Further, below the separation tower 15, the circular plate 20 is substantially omitted by the support rod 22 of the circular plate support 23 so that a ventilation gap 24 exists between the circular plate 20 and the inner wall surface of the separation tower 15. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the wallpaper pulverized material 1 is carried into the center of the upper surface of the circular plate 20 (20 B) from the pulverizers 4 and 4 B by the blowers 6 and 6 B as shown in FIGS. The pneumatic transport pipe 19 (19B) is inserted from the upper part of the separation tower 15, from the top of the tower in the illustrated example.

  In the wind power separating device 7, the pulverized wallpaper 1 crushed by the pulverizer 4 and pneumatically transported by the blower 6 and carried into the center of the upper surface of the circular plate 20 from the air transport pipe 19 collides with the circular plate 20. After diffusing in the peripheral direction of the circular plate 20 and colliding with the inner wall surface of the separation tower 15, the air flows through the ventilation gap 24 and flows in the separation tower 15. Here, the vinyl chloride resin piece 2, which is a heavy component having a relatively large specific gravity, in the pulverized wallpaper 1 falls from the ventilation gap 24 provided at the periphery of the circular plate 20 and falls in the lower outlet 18 of the separation tower 15. Discharged from. On the other hand, the fiber pieces 3 that are pulverized from the base material backing paper and that have been loosened into a flocs, which is a light component having a relatively small specific gravity, ride on the air flow that rises inside the separation tower 15 and rise in the separation tower 15. Then, it is discharged from the upper discharge port 17 and is recovered in the fiber piece recovery tanks 12 and 12B via the blowers 10 and 10B and the cyclones 11 and 11B shown in FIGS.

  In the illustrated wind separator 7, the air transport pipe 19 is inserted obliquely into the separation tower 15 from the side of the upper outlet 17 at the top of the separation tower 15, and the inclined pipe section 19 a inserted obliquely. Therefore, the straight pipe portion 19b is lowered in the vertical direction so as to be orthogonal to the horizontal plane portion of the circular plate 20 toward the center portion of the circular plate 20 disposed horizontally in the lower part of the separation tower 15. The length of the straight pipe portion 19b is at least four times as long as the pipe diameter (D3) from the tip opening 19c that ejects the pulverized product 1 in which the vinyl chloride resin crushed pieces 2 and the fiber pieces 3 are mixed ( L) straight pipe. The tip of the air transport pipe 19 is a straight pipe (straight pipe portion 19b) over a length (L) that is at least four times the pipe diameter (D3) from the tip opening 19c, that is, (L / D3) ≧ By setting it to 4, large turbulence and drift of the airflow moving in the air transport pipe 19 can be suppressed, and the air can be ejected from the tip opening 19c substantially uniformly and collide with the circular plate 20. As a result, the pulverized product 1 can be moved almost uniformly on the circular plate 20 toward the peripheral edge thereof, and can be made to stably flow in the separation tower 15. The vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3 The entanglement is released, and the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3 are separated and collected with high accuracy. On the other hand, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, when the length of the straight pipe portion 19b is short and the length (L) of the straight pipe portion 19b from the tip opening 19c is less than four times the pipe diameter (D3). As shown in the figure, the drifting at the time of jetting from the tip opening 19c is intense, and the pulverized product 1 tends to cause a biased flow in the separation tower 15, and the separation accuracy between the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3 is poor. It will be. More preferably, (L / D3) ≧ 5, and still more preferably (L / D3) ≧ 10.

  Furthermore, in the wind power separating apparatus 7 shown in FIG. 4, the pneumatic transport pipe 19 has an inclined pipe part 19 a that is inserted at an angle from the upper part of the separation tower 15 with substantially the same pipe diameter over the entire length from the blower 6 to the tip opening part 19 c. The straight pipe portion 19b is lowered from the tip of the tube. As a result, the angle at the bending point from the inclined pipe part 19a inserted into the separation tower 15 to the straight pipe part 19b becomes an obtuse angle, further suppressing the turbulence and drift of the airflow moving in the air transport pipe 19, and the air transport Compared to the case where the tube 19 is horizontally inserted into the separation column 15 from the side, the fiber pieces 3 are less likely to be deposited on the air transport tube 19 inserted into the separation column 15, and the accumulated fiber pieces are entangled. It is also possible to prevent the flocculent lump being discharged from the lower discharge port 18 together with the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and causing a decrease in separation accuracy. The inclination angle of the inclined pipe portion 19a is not particularly limited, but insertion and arrangement at an acute angle close to vertical suppresses the turbulence and drift of the air flow in the air transport pipe 19, and also on the air transport pipe 19 It is preferable for preventing the fiber pieces 3 and the vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 from being deposited on the substrate. In the illustrated example, a straight pipe is used as the inclined pipe portion 19a, but a curved pipe may be used. Furthermore, although the inclined pipe part 19a is inserted into the separation tower 15 from the top of the tower, it may be inserted into the separation tower 15 from around the upper part of the cylindrical part 15a.

  The separation column 15 preferably has a ratio (H / D) of the diameter (D) to the height (H) in the horizontal direction of the cylindrical portion 15a of 0.5 ≦ H / D ≦ 3, 0.8 More preferably, H / D ≦ 2.5. By setting the ratio (H / D) of the diameter (D) and the height (H) of the cylindrical portion 15a to 0.5 or more, that is, by increasing the height of the cylindrical portion 15a, Since the flow of the pulverized wallpaper 1 becomes larger, the separation property between the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3 is improved, and the fiber piece 3 into the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 collected from the lower discharge port 18 is improved. As the mixing amount decreases, the mixing amount of the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 into the fiber piece 3 collected from the upper discharge port 17 also decreases. Further, the ratio (H / D) of the diameter (D) to the height (H) of the cylindrical portion 15a is set to 3 or less, that is, the cylindrical portion 15a is prevented from becoming too high, so that the base material becomes cottony. The unraveled light component 3 is easily discharged from the upper outlet 17 of the separation tower 15, and the fiber piece 3 stays in the separation tower 15 and is located on the upper inner wall in the separation tower 15 or on the side of the circular plate 20. It is possible to suppress the formation of a lump of fiber pieces gathered in a mat shape or a ball shape, and the amount of fiber components discharged from the lower discharge port 18 together with the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 is reduced. A decrease in separation accuracy of the recovered vinyl chloride resin piece 2 can be prevented.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the wind power separating apparatus 7 of the present invention is an upper surface of a central portion of a circular plate 20 provided below the separation tower 15 from the tip opening 19 c of the air transport pipe 19 for the pulverized wallpaper 1 that has been air transported. , And collides with the circular plate 20, diffuses from the center of the circular plate 20 toward the peripheral edge, collides with the inner wall surface of the separation tower 15, flows in the separation tower 15, and flows into the air transport pipe 19. A strong flow velocity and pressure difference ejected from the front end opening 19c of the steel sheet, and an impact force and a shearing force when colliding with the inner wall surface of the separation tower 15 are applied to the pulverized wallpaper 1, and the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece The vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3 can be separated and recovered with high accuracy by loosening the entanglement of 3.

  In the present invention, the circular plate 20 provided in the lower part of the separation tower 15 has a ventilation gap 24 between the peripheral edge of the circular plate 20 and the inner wall surface of the separation tower 15 as shown in FIG. The diameter (D1) of the circular plate 20 is made smaller than the diameter (D2) of the inner wall surface of the separation tower. The ratio (D1 / D2) of the circular plate diameter (D1) to the diameter (D2) of the inner wall surface of the separation tower is preferably 0.40 ≦ D1 / D2 ≦ 0.98. By setting the ratio (D1 / D2) of the diameter (D1) of the circular plate 20 to the diameter (D2) of the inner wall of the separation tower to be 0.98 or less, the ventilation gap 24 is too narrow and the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 Wallpaper that is prevented from passing (falling), or the airflow rising through the ventilation gap 24 becomes relatively fast and is carried from the air transport pipe 19 to the center of the upper surface of the circular plate 20 and flows in the separation tower 15. It is possible to prevent the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 which is a relatively heavy component in the pulverized product 1 from dropping from the ventilation gap 24 and causing a reduction in the processing amount. Further, by setting the ratio (D1 / D2) of the circular plate diameter (D1) to the diameter (D2) of the inner wall surface of the separation tower to be 0.40 or more, the ventilation gap 24 is too wide and rises through the ventilation gap 24. The flow of the wallpaper pulverized material 1 that is carried into the center of the upper surface of the circular plate 20 from the air transport pipe 19 and collides with the circular plate 20 and diffuses in the peripheral direction of the circular plate 20 is small and unsatisfactory. Separation of the vinyl chloride resin crushed pieces 2 and the fiber pieces 3 in the wallpaper pulverized material 1 is insufficient, and both are mixed and discharged from the lower discharge port 18 into the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 to be collected. It can be prevented that the mixing amount of the fiber pieces 3 is increased and the separation accuracy is deteriorated.

  Further, when the separation and recovery method using the wind power separation apparatus of the present invention is carried out, the peripheral portion of the circular plate 20 installed in the separation tower 15 by adjusting the amount of air supplied to the separation tower 15 and the suction discharge amount It is desirable to set the wind speed at 1 m / sec to 20 m / sec. Within this range, the impact force and shearing force applied to the pulverized wallpaper material 1 at the time of ejection from the tip opening 19c of the air transport pipe 19 and the collision with the circular plate 20, and further, the pulverized wallpaper material 1 in the separation tower 15 Is ensured, the entanglement between the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3 is released, and good separation accuracy is obtained. By making the wind speed at the peripheral edge of the circular plate 20 1 m / sec or more, the flow of the wallpaper pulverized material 1 in the separation tower 15 is sufficiently large, so that the separation accuracy is good, and by making it 20 m / sec or less, In the case of a material having a relatively low strength due to the impact force and shear force applied to the wallpaper pulverized product 1 at the time of ejection from the tip opening 19c of the air transport pipe 19, the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 is required to be crushed and destroyed. It is possible to prevent the fiber pieces 3 that have become finer and mixed with fine powder from being collected.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, the peripheral portion of the circular plate 20 is linearly or curved to form a rising portion 21, whereby the wallpaper pulverized material 1 is removed from the air transport pipe 19. Separation can be improved by controlling the flow direction of the pulverized wallpaper 1 flowing from the central part to the peripheral part to flow quickly by jetting from the tip opening 19c and colliding with the circular plate 20. it can. The rising angle of the peripheral edge of the circular plate 20 is such that the maximum angle (angle θ shown in FIGS. 6 and 7) between the horizontal surface portion 20a of the circular plate 20 and the tangent of the rising portion 21 is 5 ° or more and 75 ° or less. Is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing an uneven flow of the wallpaper ground material 1.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a discharge guide cylinder 25 is suspended at the upper center of the separation column 15 so as to surround the upper discharge port 17, thereby separating the heavy component vinyl chloride resin and separating column. The fiber pieces 3 that are light components flowing in the column 15 and floating in the vicinity of the upper part of the separation column 15 by airflow are efficiently guided to the upper outlet 17 and can be quickly recovered.

  In addition, the horizontal wind power sorter (for example, the horizontal wind power shown in FIG. 10), which is a typical sorting device used to separate the waste wallpaper pulverized material 1 crushed using an impact pulverizer from food such as rice, beans, tea, and cereals. When the separator 26) is used to separate and collect the vinyl chloride resin and the fiber, a relatively large size of pulverized material is discharged from the outlet 30 near the material supply port 27 of the horizontal wind separator 26. A relatively small pulverized material is collected from the discharge port 32 far from the supply port 27. For this reason, in the horizontal wind power sorter, although roughly separated according to the size of the pulverized material, those recovered from the far and near outlets 30 and 32 contain a mixture of vinyl chloride resin components and paper fiber components, and separation accuracy Was inferior. Therefore, in this method, since the separation accuracy of the base paper component and the vinyl chloride resin component of the waste wallpaper is poor, it has been difficult to collect and recycle as a recycled material, particularly to recycle the paper component.

(Experimental example 1)
As shown in FIG. 2, the blower 6 supplied to the wind separator 7 and the blower 10 is used for suction from the upper outlet 17 of the separation tower 15 of the wind separator 7, while the lower outlet 18 of the separation tower 15. Air was replenished to generate an updraft in the separation tower 15. As shown in FIG. 4, the wind separation device 7 is a straight pipe portion in which the tip of an air transport pipe 19 inserted obliquely from the top of the separation tower 15 is lowered as a straight pipe at the upper center of the circular plate 20 (flat plate surface). The structure having 19b was used. Using a wind power separation device in which the ratio (L / D3) of the pipe diameter (D3) of the pneumatic transport pipe 19 and the length (L) of the straight pipe portion 19b is the value shown in Table 1, without introducing wallpaper, The wind speed of the peripheral part of the circular plate 20 installed horizontally in the separation tower 15 in the idling state was measured (Experimental Example 1-1 to Experimental Example 1-4). Further, as the wind power separating device 7, as shown in FIG. 9, the air transport pipe 19 has a structure in which the tip of the air transport pipe 19 inserted horizontally from the lower side surface of the separation tower 15 is lowered toward the upper center of the circular plate 20. The ratio (L / D3) between the pipe diameter (D3) of 19 and the length (L) of the straight pipe portion 19b is the value shown in Table 1, without using wallpaper, In the state, the wind speed of the peripheral part of the circular plate in the separation tower 15 was measured (Experimental Example 1-5 to Experimental Example 1-6). In any case, the circular plate 20 (flat plate surface) had a diameter (D1) of 700 mm, and the circular column installation portion inner diameter (D2) was 840 mm (D1 / D2≈0.83).

  The measurement of the wind speed uses testo 445 manufactured by Testo Co., Ltd., and the front side (the position of No. 1 shown in FIG. 11) and the rear side (FIG. 11) of the air transport pipe 19 in the peripheral portion of the circular plate 20. The position of No. 2 shown in Fig. 2) was lifted about 3 mm from the circular plate 20 and a wind speed measuring sensor was attached to measure the wind speed at each position, and the average value of 10 points measured every 10 seconds was obtained. . The results are shown in Table 1.

  As is apparent from the results in Table 1, in Experimental Example 1-4 where the ratio (L / D3) of the pipe diameter (D3) of the pneumatic transport pipe 19 to the length (L) of the straight pipe portion 19b is 5.0. There is almost no difference in wind speed between the front side of the air transport pipe 19 in the insertion direction (No. 1 position shown in FIG. 11) and the rear side (No. 2 position shown in FIG. 11). On the other hand, in Example 1-5 in which (L / D3) is 2.0, the difference in wind speed is large, and in Example 1-6 in which (L / D3) is 0.3, the difference in wind speed is further increased. ing. From this result, as (L / D3) increases, the wind speed difference decreases, and the straight pipe portion 19b is increased by increasing the length of the straight pipe portion 19b at the tip of the air transport pipe 19 in the wind power separating device 7. Large turbulence and drift of the air flow are suppressed during the passage of air, the velocity is made uniform in the circumferential direction of the air transport pipe, and the air flow including the mixture is passed from the front opening of the air transport pipe to the circular plate. It can be seen that the ink is discharged at a uniform speed in the circumferential direction. That is, by making the straight pipe portion 19b sufficiently long, large turbulence and drift of the airflow moving in the air transport pipe 19 can be suppressed, and the pulverized wallpaper 1 is ejected from the tip opening portion 19c substantially uniformly. 20, and the wallpaper pulverized material 1 is moved almost uniformly on the circular plate 20 toward the peripheral edge thereof, and is allowed to flow stably in the separation tower 15, whereby the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 The fiber pieces 3 are untangled and the vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 and the fiber pieces 3 can be separated and recovered with high accuracy.

(Experimental example 2)
As shown in FIG. 2, the blower 6 supplied to the wind separator 7 and the blower 10 is used for suction from the upper outlet 17 of the separation tower 15 of the wind separator 7, while the lower outlet 18 of the separation tower 15. The air was replenished to generate an updraft in the separation tower 15. In Experimental Example 2-1 to Experimental Example 2-3, the tip of the air transport pipe 19 inserted obliquely from the upper part of the separation tower 15 shown in FIG. It was set as the structure which has the straight pipe part 19b lowered | hung as a straight pipe in the center. The ratio (H / D) of the height (H) and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical portion of the separation tower 15 and the diameter (D3) of the air transport pipe 19 and the length (L) of the straight pipe portion 19b A wind power separation apparatus having a ratio (L / D3) as shown in Table 2 was used. Further, in Experimental Example 2-4, as the wind power separating device 7, as shown in FIG. 9, the tip of the air transport pipe 19 inserted horizontally from the lower side surface of the separation tower 15 is lowered toward the upper center of the circular plate 20. The ratio (H / D) of the height (H) and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical portion of the separation tower 15 and the diameter (D3) of the air transport pipe 19 and the length of the straight pipe portion 19b ( The wind power separation apparatus in which the ratio (L / D3) to L) is the value shown in Table 2 was used. In any case, the circular plate 20 (flat plate surface) had a diameter (D1) of 700 mm, and the circular column installation portion inner diameter (D2) was 840 mm (D1 / D2≈0.83).

  30 kg of long-term stock waste wallpaper (foam type, the ratio of the paper constituting the wallpaper is about 22.5% by weight) was preliminarily crushed to a size of about 50 to 100 mm. The coarsely crushed material is put into the pulverizer 4 over about 1 hour to make the wallpaper pulverized material 1, and is carried into the separation tower 15 of the wind power separating apparatus 7 of Experimental Example 2-1 to Experimental Example 2-4. While flowing the pulverized material 1, the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 is dropped from the air gap 24 at the peripheral edge of the circular plate 20 and discharged from the lower outlet 18 of the separation tower 15, and the vinyl chloride resin piece receiver 8, While collecting in the vinyl chloride resin piece collection tank 14 via the blower 9 and the cyclone 13, the fiber piece 3 is sucked and discharged from the upper outlet 17 of the separation tower 15, and passes through the blower 10 and the cyclone 11. It collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12. While recovering the amount of the vinyl chloride resin pieces and the fiber pieces, the fiber component in the recovered resin component and the mixed amount of the resin component in the fiber component were measured as follows. The results are shown in Table 3.

(Measurement of amount of fiber component in recovered resin component)
About 2 g of the recovered vinyl chloride resin was precisely weighed, dissolved in 200 ml of tetrahydrofuran (THF), and allowed to stand overnight. The solution is filtered through a 200-mesh stainless steel mesh, a 0.5N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution is poured onto the fibrous material on the mesh, the inorganic materials such as calcium carbonate are washed away, washed with water, dried at 80 ° C., weighed and recovered. The amount of paper fibers mixed in the vinyl resin was calculated.

(Measurement of resin component in recovered fiber component)
The measurement of the vinyl chloride resin contained in the recovered fiber piece was the same as the method for measuring the fiber content in the recovered vinyl chloride resin piece, and the vinyl chloride resin was dissolved by immersing the recovered fiber piece in THF. Thereafter, the paper fibers were removed, methanol was dropped into the THF solution to reprecipitate the vinyl chloride resin, washed, dried, and weighed to calculate the vinyl chloride resin component amount.

  From the results shown in Table 3, as the ratio (H / D) between the height (H) and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical portion 15a of the separation tower 15 increases, the mixed amount of different components in the recovered product decreases. It can be seen that the separation accuracy is improved. On the other hand, as in Experimental Example 2-4, the ratio (H / D) between the height (H) and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical portion of the separation tower 15 is small, and the straight pipe portion 19b of the air transport pipe 19 is If the ratio (L / D3) between the pipe diameter (D3) and the length L of the straight pipe portion 19b is small, the mixed amount of different components in the recovered product, especially the fiber mixed in the recovered resin component It can be seen that the component ratio is large and the separation accuracy is poor.

Example 1
As the pulverizer 4, a swing hammer crusher (Wald-15 type pulverizer manufactured by Onoe Machinery Co., Ltd .; motor output 11 kW), which is a kind of impact type pulverizer equipped with a punching metal screen 5 having an opening of 3 mm, is used. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the pulverized material 1 is supplied to the wind power separating device 7 with a blower 6 (output is 1.5 KW), and the blower 10 (output is 2.2 KW) from the upper discharge port 17. On the other hand, air was replenished from the lower outlet 18 of the separation tower 15 to generate an updraft in the separation tower 15. As shown in FIG. 4, the structure of the used wind separation device 7 is such that the tip of the air transport pipe 19 inserted obliquely from the upper part of the separation tower 15 is lowered as a straight pipe at the upper center of the circular plate 20 (flat plate surface), The pneumatic transport pipe 19 has a pipe diameter (D3) of 100 mm, the length (L) of the straight pipe portion 19b is 1450 mm (L / D3 = 14.5), and the separation tower 15 has a horizontal diameter (D) of 900 mm. The height (H) is 1500 mm (H / D≈1.67), the circular plate 20 (flat plate surface) has a diameter (D1) of 700 mm, and the circular plate installation portion inner diameter (D2) is 840 mm (D1 / D2≈0.83). It was 5.3 m / sec as a result of measuring the wind speed of the airflow near the peripheral part of the circular plate 20 (flat plate surface). In addition, the measurement of a wind speed uses the testo 445 made from Testo, and the peripheral part of the circular board 20 including the insertion direction front side (position of No. 1 shown in FIG. 11) of the pneumatic transport pipe 19 is a circumferential direction. The wind speed measurement sensor is attached to 4 places divided into 4 parts by about 3mm from the circular plate 20, and the average value of 10 points measured every 10 seconds at each position in the idling state without introducing wallpaper. The wind speed at each of the four locations was calculated and the values at the four locations were averaged to obtain the wind speed value.

  Next, 30 kg of long-term stock waste wallpaper (foamed type, the ratio of the paper constituting the wallpaper is about 22.5% by weight) was preliminarily crushed to a size of about 50 to 100 mm. The coarsely crushed material is charged into the pulverizer 4 over about 1 hour to make the wallpaper pulverized material 1, and is loaded into the separation tower 15 of the wind power separating apparatus 7 to flow the pulverized material 1 while the vinyl chloride resin piece. 2 is dropped from the ventilation gap 24 at the peripheral edge of the circular plate, discharged from the lower discharge port 18, and collected in the vinyl chloride resin piece collection tank 14 through the vinyl chloride resin piece receiver 8, blower 9, and cyclone 13. On the other hand, the fiber pieces 3 were discharged from the upper outlet 17 of the separation tower 15, and collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12 through the blower 10 and the cyclone 11. 4.8 kg of fiber pieces 3 were collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12, and 23.9 kg of vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 were collected in the vinyl chloride resin piece collection tank 14. The recovered vinyl chloride resin piece 2 was in a state in which a compounding agent such as a vinyl chloride resin and calcium carbonate was included.

  The recovered vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the recovered fiber piece 3 were dissolved in THF, respectively, in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2, and then separately collected and contained in the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 and the fiber piece 3. The amount of vinyl chloride resin contained in the recovered vinyl chloride resin piece 2 was 8.3% by weight, and the amount of vinyl chloride resin contained in the recovered fiber piece 2 was 2. 1% by weight.

  Furthermore, 0.5 parts by weight of PE wax (High Wax 220MP, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals) as a lubricant is added to the collected vinyl chloride resin pieces and kneaded for 3 minutes with a test roll machine (6 inch diameter) heated to 165 ° C. A sheet with a thickness of approximately 1.2 mm is prepared, and a sheet with a flat surface of approximately 1.0 mm is formed by a hydraulic press that heats the sheet to 175 ° C. Evaluated.

(Example 2)
As the separation tower 15 of the wind power separating apparatus 7, the separation tower 15 shown in FIG. 5 equipped with the circular plate 20 shown in FIG. The wind velocity of the air flow near the peripheral edge of the circular plate 20 was measured, and the waste wallpaper was pulverized in the same manner as in Example 1 to separate and collect the vinyl chloride resin pieces and the fiber pieces. The waste wallpaper pulverized product 1 ejected from the air transport pipe 19 onto the central portion of the circular plate 20 moved along the rising portion 21 at the peripheral portion of the circular plate, and a stable flow could be observed in the separation tower 15. 4.95 kg of fiber pieces collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12, 24.0 kg of vinyl chloride resin pieces collected in the resin piece collection tank 14, and vinyl chloride contained in the paper fiber pieces collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12 The resin content was 2.1% by weight, and the fiber component contained in the recovered vinyl chloride resin piece was 7.9% by weight. Compared with Example 1 in which the circular plate 20 is a flat plate, the number of fiber pieces 3 discharged along with the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 is reduced, and the amount of recovered fiber pieces in the fiber piece collecting tank 12 is slightly increased. The effect of raising the peripheral edge of 20 to the upper part of 45 ° was confirmed. Further, the recovered vinyl chloride resin pieces were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for roll workability and the finished appearance of the press sheet.

(Example 3)
This was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a wind separator (FIG. 8) provided with a discharge guide cylinder 25 surrounding the upper outlet 17 in the upper part of the separation tower 15 of the wind separator 7 was used. The lower end of the discharge guide tube 25 extends from the upper side of the cylindrical portion 15a of the separation tower 15 to a length of 1/5 of the cylindrical portion 15a. The fiber pieces collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12 are 5.30 kg, the vinyl chloride resin pieces collected in the resin piece collection tank 14 are 23.7 kg, and the vinyl chloride resin content of the paper fiber pieces collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12 is The fiber component contained in 2.1% by weight of the recovered vinyl chloride resin piece was 7.0% by weight. Compared with Example 1, there is no increase in the amount of vinyl chloride resin contained in the fiber pieces collected in the collection tank 12, and the amount of recovered fiber pieces increases, and the fibers discharged along with the vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 are discharged. The number of pieces decreased, and the effect of the discharge guide cylinder 25 was confirmed. Further, the recovered vinyl chloride resin pieces were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 for roll workability and the finished appearance of the press sheet.

Example 4
As shown in FIG. 3, two pulverizers 4 and 4B (swing hammer crusher, Wale-15 type pulverizer manufactured by Onoe Machinery Co., Ltd .; motor output 11 kW) and pulverized product 1 are pulverized from the pulverizers 4 and 4B. Blowers 6 and 6B (output 1.5 kW) supplied to the wind power separator via the transport pipes 19 and 19B, and blowers 10 and 10B (output is suctioned) from the upper outlets 17 and 17B of the separation towers 15 and 15B. 2.2 KW) are connected to each other so that the two wind separators 7 and 7B are alternately connected in series, and the separation towers 15 and 15B of the wind separators 7 and 7B are respectively supplied from the lower discharge ports 18 and 18B to the air. Ascending airflow was generated in the separation towers 15 and 15B. The structure of the wind separators 7 and 7B is as shown in FIG. The air transport pipe 19 (19B) has a pipe diameter (D3) of 100 mm, the length (L) of the straight pipe portion 19b is 1450 mm (L / D3 = 14.5), and the separation tower 15 (15B). ) Has a horizontal diameter (D) of 900 mm, a height (H) of 1500 mm (H / D≈1.67), and the circular plate 20 (20B, flat plate surface) has a diameter of 700 mm. The inner diameter is 840 mm (D1 / D2≈0.83), and the wind speed of the airflow in the vicinity of the peripheral portions of the circular plates 20 and 20B (flat plate surface) of each of the wind separators 7 and 7B is the same as in the first embodiment. As a result of the measurement, 5.3 m / sec and 5.1 m / s, respectively. It was c.

  In the same manner as in Example 1, 30 kg of long-term in-stock wallpaper (foaming type, the ratio of the paper constituting the wallpaper is about 22.5% by weight) was preliminarily crushed to a size of about 50 to 100 mm. . The coarsely crushed material is put into a pulverizer 4 equipped with a screen 5 having an opening of 8 mm for about 1 hour, pulverized (primary pulverization), sent to a wind power separator 7, and vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 and fiber pieces 3. Were separated (primary separation), and the fiber pieces 3 were discharged from the upper outlet 17 of the separation tower 15 of the wind power separating apparatus 7 (primary separation) and collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12. On the other hand, the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 discharged from the lower outlet 18 of the separation tower 15 of the wind power separating apparatus 7 is received by the vinyl chloride resin piece receiver 8, and subsequently the crusher 4B equipped with a screen 5B having a mesh opening of 3 mm. And then repeatedly pulverized (secondary pulverization), and further sent to the wind force separating device 7B (secondary separation) to separate the wind force again. The vinyl chloride resin piece 2 separated by the wind separation device 7B (secondary separation) is collected in the vinyl chloride resin piece collection tank 14B through the vinyl chloride resin piece receiver 8B, while the wind separation device 7B (2 The fiber pieces 3 discharged from the upper outlet 17B of the separation tower 15B of the next separation were collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12B. The fiber pieces 3 are collected 2.5 kg from the wind power separating device 7 (primary separation) into the fiber piece collecting tank 12, and 3.4 kg are collected from the wind power separating device 7B (secondary separation) into the fiber piece collecting tank 12B. 22.5 kg of the vinyl chloride resin piece 2 separated by the apparatus 7B (secondary separation) was collected in the vinyl chloride resin piece collection tank 14B. About the collect | recovered vinyl chloride-type resin piece, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and evaluated the finish of roll workability and the external appearance of a press sheet.

(Example 5)
Using 30 kg of used work gloves that had been cut into a size of about 50 mm to 20 mm with a shearing pulverizer and coated with a vinyl chloride resin on the surface of a cloth hand, using the same apparatus as in Example 4 (FIG. 3). Then, pulverization and separation were performed. The fiber piece collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12 is 3.75 kg, the fiber piece collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12B is 1.30 kg, and the vinyl chloride resin piece collected in the vinyl chloride resin piece collection tank 14B is 23.2 kg. Met. When the fiber component contained in the recovered vinyl chloride resin piece and the PVC resin content in the recovered fiber piece were measured in the same manner as in Example 1, the fiber component contained in the recovered vinyl chloride resin piece was 8.3 wt. %, The vinyl chloride resin content in the fiber pieces collected in the collection tank 12 was 4.2% by weight, and the vinyl chloride resin content in the fiber pieces collected in the collection tank 12B was 5.0% by weight. As with the waste wallpaper, the work gloves coated on the surface of vinyl chloride resin could be separated into vinyl chloride resin pieces and fiber pieces with high precision.

(Comparative Example 1)
In the separation and recovery apparatus shown in FIG. 2, an air transport pipe 19 that supplies the pulverized material 1 to the separation tower 15 of the wind power separation apparatus 7 is inserted horizontally from below the side surface of the separation tower 15 and bent downward in the center of the separation tower. The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the separation column 15 (FIG. 9) in which the length L of the straight tube portion 19b from the tip opening portion 19c was about twice the tube diameter D3 was used. The wind speed in the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the circular plate 20 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the measured minimum and maximum wind speed values at four points are shown in Table 4. As shown in Table 4, a large variation in the wind speed was recognized due to the difference in the position of the circular plate 20 in the circumferential direction. Further, when the inside of the separation tower 15 during the wind separation is observed, many deposits in which the vinyl chloride resin pieces 2 and the fiber pieces 3 are mixed are seen in the horizontal portion of the air transport pipe 19 inserted into the separation tower 15. Further, it was observed that the pulverized product 1 was flowing unevenly in the separation tower 15. 25.8 kg of vinyl chloride resin pieces collected in the resin piece collection tank 14, 3.0 kg of fiber pieces collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12, included in the vinyl chloride resin pieces collected in the vinyl chloride resin collection layer 14 The fiber component thus obtained was 14.8% by weight, and the vinyl chloride resin content contained in the paper fiber pieces collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12 was 2.3% by weight. Although the fiber fragment which is a light component discharged from the upper outlet 17 of the separation tower 15 and recovered in the fiber fragment recovery tank 12 has a relatively small vinyl chloride resin content, the recovered amount is higher than in Examples 1 to 3. There were few. On the other hand, the recovered amount of the vinyl chloride resin piece recovery tank 14 is larger than in Examples 1 to 3, and many pieces of paper fiber are mixed in the recovered vinyl chloride resin piece and separated in comparison with Examples 1 to 3. The result was inaccurate.

(Comparative Example 2)
Using the separation and recovery apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the wind speed in the vicinity of the peripheral edge of the circular plate of the separation tower 15 measured as in Example 1 was reduced to 0.6 m / sec. did. The waste wallpaper pulverized product 1 ejected from the air transport pipe 19 has a small flow region (flow state) in the separation tower 15, and is deposited on the peripheral edge of the circular plate 20. It was observed that a large amount of gas was discharged from the lower outlet 18 of the separation tower 15 in a tangled state. The recovery rate was poor at about 84.2%. 0.62 kg of fiber pieces collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12, 24.6 kg of vinyl chloride resin pieces collected in the resin piece collection tank 14, and the vinyl chloride resin content of the paper fiber pieces collected in the fiber piece collection tank 12 are The fiber component contained in the recovered vinyl chloride resin piece was 1.5% by weight and 19.6% by weight.

(Comparative Example 3)
As shown in FIG. 10, the pulverized product obtained by pulverizing the waste wallpaper using the impact pulverizer 4 (manufactured by Onoe Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) equipped with a strainer having a mesh opening of 3 mm is sent to the cyclone 13 by the blower 6. The product was sent from the supply port 27 arranged below to the horizontal wind sorter 26 (AN-500 type manufactured by Nippon Kikai Co., Ltd.) via the vibration feeder 28 and separated. Of the two outlets 30, 32 of the horizontal wind sorter 26, 10.8 kg (38.4%) from the outlet 30 close to the supply port 27 to the collection tank 31, from the outlet 32 far from the supply port 27 17.3 kg (61.6%) was recovered in the recovery tank 33.

  As a result of measuring the paper fiber content in the collection tanks 31 and 33 in the same manner as in Example 1, the fiber component in the collection collected in the collection tank 31 from the discharge port 30 near the supply port 27 was 15.3. The paper fiber content in the recovered material collected in the recovery tank 33 from the discharge port 32 far from the supply port 27 is about 27.1%, and the separation accuracy in which both the paper fiber pieces and the vinyl chloride resin are mixed together. It was bad.

  The results of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are summarized in Tables 4 and 5.

  The present invention is a method for recycling a composite material composed of a resin and a fiber that is difficult to recycle, and efficiently removes a resin component and a fiber component from a composite material composed of a resin and a fiber, such as wallpaper and work gloves. The resin component and the fiber component can be recycled as recycled raw materials by separating and collecting with high accuracy.

The schematic diagram which shows the pulverized material which grind | pulverized the waste wallpaper, the amorphous vinyl chloride resin piece isolate | separated from this pulverized material, and the paper fiber piece. The schematic diagram which shows an example of the isolation | separation collection | recovery apparatus of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the other example of the isolation | separation collection | recovery apparatus of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows an example of the wind force separation apparatus of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the other example of the wind force separation apparatus of this invention. The sectional side view which shows the circular board which raised the peripheral part to the straight line. The sectional side view which shows the circular board which curved and started the peripheral part. Sectional drawing which shows the other example of the wind force separation apparatus of this invention which provided the discharge guide cylinder in the upper part in a separation tower. Sectional drawing which shows the separation apparatus which inserted the pneumatic transport pipe | tube horizontally from the separation tower side surface used for the comparative example. The schematic diagram which shows the horizontal type wind power sorter used for the comparative example. The measurement position of a wind speed is shown, (a) is a top view of a circular board, (b) is a side view.

Explanation of symbols

1: Ground product (mixture of vinyl chloride resin pieces and fibrous pieces)
2: Vinyl chloride resin piece 3: Fiber piece 4, 4B: Crusher 5, 5B: Strainer (punching metal)
6, 6B: Blower 7, 7B: Wind separator 8, 8B: Vinyl chloride resin piece receiver 9, 9B: Blower 10, 10B: Blower 11, 11B: Cyclone 12, 12B: Fiber piece collection tank 13, 13B: Cyclone 14, 14B: Vinyl chloride resin piece recovery tank 15, 15B: Separation tower 16, 16B: Funnel part 17, 17B: Upper outlet 18, 18B: Lower outlet 19, 19B: Pneumatic transport pipe 20, 10B: Circular Plate 21: Peripheral rising portion 22: Circular plate support rod 23: Circular plate support 24: Ventilation gap 25: Discharge guide tube 26: Horizontal wind sorter 27: Supply port 28: Vibration feeder 29: Sirocco fan 30: Discharge port 31 : Recovery tank 32: Discharge port 33: Recovery tank D: Diameter of cylindrical part of separation tower H: Height of cylindrical part of separation tower D1: Circular plate diameter D2: Diameter of inner wall surface of separation tower D3: Air Pipe diameter of flue L: length of the straight pipe portion of the air transport pipe theta: the maximum angle between the tangent line of the rising portion horizontal surface of the circular plate

Claims (17)

  An upper exhaust port for suction is provided in the upper part, a circular plate is provided in a vertical cylindrical separation tower provided with a lower exhaust port that also serves as an air supply port in the lower part, and a ventilation gap is formed between the circular plate and the inner wall surface of the separation tower. A mixture of components having different specific gravities is arranged in the center of the upper surface of the circular plate, with the tip opening of an air transport pipe inserted horizontally into the separation tower from outside the separation tower. Into the center of the upper surface of the circular plate, and a component having a large specific gravity in the mixture is dropped from the peripheral edge of the circular plate, while a component having a small specific gravity in the mixture enters from the lower discharge port and enters the separation tower. A wind power separation device that is placed on an ascending air flow to be sucked and discharged from an upper discharge port, wherein the air transport pipe is four times the diameter (D3) of the air transport pipe from the tip opening. Over the above length (L) with respect to the circular plate Winnowing apparatus characterized by having a straight pipe section for pot orthogonal.   The wind power separation device according to claim 1, wherein the air transport pipe is inserted into the separation tower from an upper part of the separation tower.   The wind power separation device according to claim 2, wherein the air transport pipe is obliquely inserted into the separation tower from above the separation tower.   The ratio (H / D) between the height (H) and the diameter (D) of the cylindrical portion of the separation tower is in the range of 0.8 ≦ H / D ≦ 2.5. The wind power separation device described in 1.   The ventilation gap existing between the circular plate and the inner wall surface of the separation tower is such that the ratio (D1 / D2) of the diameter (D1) of the circular plate and the inner wall surface of the separation tower (D1 / D2) is 0.4 ≦ D1 / D2 ≦ 0. The wind power separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which has a size within a range of .98.   The peripheral edge of the circular plate is linearly or curvedly raised upward, and the tangential angle of the raised portion with respect to the horizontal surface portion of the circular plate is in the range of 5 ° to 75 °. The wind-power separator in any one of 1-5.   The wind power separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a discharge guide tube surrounding the upper discharge port is vertically provided at an upper portion of the separation tube. A method for separating and recovering a fibrous component and a resin component from a waste product including a fibrous layer and a resin coating layer,
A) A pulverizing step of pulverizing the waste product by a pulverizer provided with a punching metal that regulates the size of pulverizing the waste product or a screen having a mesh opening of 1 mm or more and 25 mm or less;
B) Using the wind power separating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, a pulverized product made of a mixture of a fiber component and a resin component, pulverized in the pulverization step, is separated by the air transport pipe. The resin component in the crushed material is dropped from the peripheral edge of the circular plate and discharged from the lower discharge port, while the fibrous component in the crushed material enters from the lower discharge port. A separation step of separating the fiber component and the resin component by being sucked and discharged from the upper discharge port on the air flow rising in the separation tower;
A method for separating and recovering a fibrous component and a resin component from waste products, comprising:   By adjusting the amount of air supplied into the separation tower of the wind separator and the amount of suction and discharge from the upper discharge port, the wind speed at the peripheral edge of the circular plate installed in the separation tower is adjusted to 1 m / sec to 20 m / The separation and recovery method according to claim 8, wherein the fibrous component and the resin component are separated by adjusting within a range of sec.   The separation and recovery method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the separation step is repeated twice or more.   The separation and recovery method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the pulverization step and the separation step are alternately repeated twice or more.   The separation and recovery method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the waste product including the fibrous layer and the resin coating layer is a vinyl chloride resin wallpaper. An apparatus for separating and collecting a fibrous component and a resin component from a waste product including a fibrous layer and a resin coating layer,
A) a crusher provided with a punching metal that regulates the size of crushing waste products or a screen having a grid opening of 1 mm to 25 mm;
B) The wind power separating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
An apparatus for separating and collecting a fiber component and a resin component from waste products, comprising:   The separation and recovery device according to claim 13, wherein the pulverizer is a shearing pulverizer or an impact pulverizer.   The separation and recovery device according to claim 14, wherein the impact pulverizer is a swing hammer crusher type pulverizer.   The separation and recovery device according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein two or more wind power separation devices are connected in series. The separation and recovery device according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein two or more pulverizers and wind power separation devices are alternately connected in series.

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