JP2007260828A - Gear shaving machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gear shaving board which is improved in a handling property by facilitating exchange of a shaving cutter and downsized. <P>SOLUTION: The gear shaving board has a pair of tail stocks 2 to support a cut gear, a head carrier supported free to slide in the vertical direction, a spindle 10 provided on the head main body and on one end of which the shaving cutter 11 is mounted, a clamping mechanism 12 to clamp the shaving cutter on a spindle and an unclamping device engaged with the head main body 4 from the other end side of the spindle 10 and to release a clamped state of the shaving cutter 11, the head main body 4 is supported on the head carrier 3 free to revolve around a revolving shaft vertical with an axis of the spindle 10, and the unclamping device is arranged on the back of the head main body 4 so as to be connected to the head main body 4 when the one end of the spindle 10 is directed to the front. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gear shaving machine for finishing a tooth surface of a gear by shaving.

  The gear shaving machine needs to replace the shaving cutter because of wear or to cope with various work gears having different specifications. In a conventional gear shaving machine, the shaving cutter is inserted into the spindle and fastened with a nut to be attached to the spindle, and the tip of the spindle is supported in a cutter support that is detachably fixed to the head body with a bolt. Was supported by a supported shaft. In such a conventional method for exchanging the shaving cutter of the gear shaving machine, first, the bolt is loosened to remove the cutter support, and then the nut is removed to remove the shaving cutter from the spindle. As described above, in the conventional gear shaving machine, when removing the cutter support or nut to replace the shaving cutter, the tip of the spindle is not facing the front, that is, the worker, so the worker is not wearing the upper body. There is a problem that work must be performed in an unnatural posture by twisting to the side, and workability is poor to replace a heavy shaving cutter.

  Therefore, in order to eliminate the workability of the cutter replacement work, for example, in the head body proposed in Patent Document 1, the cutter support is not directly fixed to the head body but is a slider that can move in the spindle axis direction. Is supported so as to be pivotable. The shaving cutter is not fastened to the spindle with a nut, but is inserted into the support shaft, and is clamped between the spindle and the support shaft by the clamping means.

  Because it is configured in this way, operating the clamping means by operating the cylinder releases the clamping state of the cutter spindle and the support shaft, and moving the cutter support with another cylinder along with the slide allows shaving The cutter can be removed, and the trouble of loosening the bolts can be omitted to eliminate the complexity of the cutter replacement operation.

  In addition, since the shaving cutter is inserted into the support shaft and the cutter support is pivotable, the support shaft can be turned toward the operator by removing the support shaft from the spindle and turning the cutter support. And workability can be improved.

In the gear shaving machine, the work gear is held by a tailstock. Here, the tailstock includes a tailstock main body and a drive cylinder, and the tailstock main body is configured to move by a drive cylinder disposed behind the tailstock (see, for example, FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2). ).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-44013 Utility Model Registration No. 2577465

  However, in the conventional gear shaving machine, the size of the head is increased by the cylinder for operating the clamping means and the cylinder for moving the cutter support. Further, in order to turn the cutter support so that the support shaft is directed toward the operator, it is necessary to remove the cutter support from the spindle and move the slider, but the head portion becomes larger by the amount of the movement.

  In addition, the tailstock having the above-described structure has a configuration in which the drive cylinder is connected to the rear side thereof, and thus has a problem that the apparatus becomes large.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a gear shaving machine that facilitates exchanging shaving cutters, improves handling, and enables miniaturization.

  As means for solving the above problems, a gear shaving machine according to the present invention includes a pair of tailstocks that support a work gear, a head carrier that is slidably supported in a vertical direction, and a head carrier. A supported head body, a spindle provided on the head body and having a shaving cutter attached to one end thereof, a clamping mechanism for clamping the shaving cutter on the spindle, and the head body from the other end side of the spindle An unclamping device that engages with the shaving cutter and releases the clamped state of the shaving cutter, wherein the head body is pivotable about a pivot axis perpendicular to an axis of the spindle. Supported by a carrier, the unclamping device has one end of the spindle facing the front. To come, to be coupled to the head main body, characterized in that it is arranged behind the head body.

  Thus, since the unclamping device is separated from the head main body and disposed on the back surface of the head main body, the head main body can be made compact by the unclamping mechanism. In addition, since the head body can be turned so that the rotating shaft of the shaving cutter can be directed to the operator, the shaving cutter can be easily replaced and workability can be improved.

  As another means for solving the above-described problem, a gear shaving device according to the present invention includes a pair of tailstocks that support a work gear, a head carrier that is slidably supported in a vertical direction, and the head A head body supported by a carrier; a spindle provided on the head body to which the shaving cutter is attached at one end; a clamping mechanism for clamping the shaving cutter on the spindle; and the spindle from the other end side. An unclamping device that engages with the head body and releases the clamped state of the shaving cutter, wherein each of the tailstocks includes the tailstock body and the tailstock body mutually. And a drive cylinder that is driven to approach and separate from the main body, and the drive cylinder is arranged in parallel with the tailstock body And wherein the door.

  Thus, since the drive cylinder is arranged in parallel to the tailstock main body instead of in series, the width of the gear shaving device can be reduced and the size can be reduced.

  The head main body is supported by the head carrier via a swing member and is pivotally supported by the swing member. The swing member is formed on an arcuate guide surface formed on the head carrier. An arcuate sliding surface that slides along the head carrier and is swingably coupled to the head carrier by at least a pair of traction arms, each of the traction arms having a traction spring that pulls in the direction of the arm axis. The arc-shaped sliding surface is disposed with a vertical line passing through the center point of the arc, and the center point of the arc is positioned on the extension line of the axis of each arm at the original position. It is preferable that the axis of each of the pair of pulling arms is arranged to be symmetrical with a vertical line passing through a center point of the arc of the arcuate sliding surface.

  With this configuration, even if the swinging member swings, the pulling force by the pair of pulling arms can be equalized, the positioning accuracy can be improved, and stable crowning can be performed. Conventionally, the crowning process is performed by swinging the table. However, since the crowning process can be performed by swinging the head body, the rigidity of the apparatus can be stabilized.

  It is preferable that the spindle motor is fixed to the upper part of the swing member and is drivingly connected to the spindle of the shaving cutter via a bevel gear and a drive shaft coaxial with the pivot shaft.

  Since the spindle motor, which is normally disposed at the other end portion of the spindle, is disposed above the swing member, the gear shaving device is correspondingly reduced in width and can be reduced in size.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the gear shaving apparatus which can perform a cutter exchange operation | work easily and can be reduced in size can be provided.

  Embodiments of a gear shaving machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a front view showing the entire gear shaving apparatus according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a plan view.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the gear shaving machine 1 includes a pair of tailstocks 2, a head carrier 3, a head body 4, an unclamping device 5, a swinging member 6, and a small window 28. The front cover 27 is provided.

  The head carrier 3 is slidably supported by a column 7 that is vertically provided. In the present embodiment, as shown in the partial side sectional view of FIG. 4, a ball screw 21 is connected to the vertical movement drive motor M <b> 1 fixed to the column 7, and the head carrier is connected to the vertical slide member 22 screwed into the ball screw 21. 3 is fixed. As shown in FIG. 3, the column 7 is formed with a guide groove 7a for guiding the head carrier 3 to slide in the vertical direction. The head carrier 3 is formed with an arcuate guide surface 3a (see FIG. 7) for guiding the swing of the swing member 6 described later and a swing rail 3b (see FIG. 5) for guiding the horizontal slide member 9. Has been.

  Next, the swing member 6 will be described with reference to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 showing a partial front sectional view. The swing member 6 has an arcuate sliding surface 6a (see FIG. 7) that slides along the arcuate guide surface 3a of the head carrier 3, and the head carrier 3 is rocked by a pair of pulling arms 8. It is linked movably. Here, each traction arm 8 is pivotally supported on the head carrier 3 by a first pin 8a, and is connected to the swing member 6 by a second pin 8b. Each pulling arm 8 includes a pulling spring 8c that pulls in the direction of the arm axis 8d, and is arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical line L that passes through the center point C of the arc of the arcuate sliding surface 6a. Further, the pulling arm 8 is arranged so that the center point C of the arc is located on the extension line of each arm shaft 8d at the original position. The original position means a position where the rocking member 6 is not rocked (state shown in FIG. 15A).

  Further, the upper end of the swing member 6 is held by a holding portion 9a of a horizontal slide member 9 that slides on the swing rail 3b by a swing drive motor M2. As shown in more detail in FIG. 6 which is a partial sectional view taken along the line aa of FIG. 5, the swing member 6 has two rollers 6b pivotally supported on the swing member 6 main body by a pin 6p at the upper end thereof. The sandwiching portion 9a of the horizontal slide member 9 has a convex portion 91a on each of the opposing surfaces. These concave portions 91a are in contact with the corresponding rollers 6b. With this configuration, the occurrence of backlash in the swinging operation is prevented, and the rollers 6b are prevented from becoming unrotatable by being sandwiched between the respective sandwiching portions 9a. Allows swinging.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the head body 4 has a spindle 10 and a clamping mechanism 12 for clamping the shaving cutter 11, and a collet portion 10 a to which the shaving cutter 11 is attached at one end of the spindle 10. (Refer FIG. 10) is formed, and the connection part 10b comprised so that it may engage with the connection part 5d of the unclamp apparatus 5 mentioned later is formed in the other end. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 which is a partial side sectional view, the spindle motor M3 for rotationally driving the shaving cutter 11 is provided on the upper part of the swinging member 6 and is a drive shaft coaxial with the pivot axis A. 13 and the bevel gear 14 are connected to the spindle 10 of the shaving cutter 11 by driving. Moreover, in this embodiment, the turning axis A and the vertical line L are the same.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8 which is a partial sectional view taken along the line bb in FIG. 5 and FIG. 9 which is a major sectional view of the ACK in the region D in FIG. 5, the head body 4 is formed on the swing member 6. By forming the annular protrusion 4 a that engages with the turning guide groove 6 c, the turning member 6 is supported so as to be turnable around the turning axis A perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 10. Here, as shown in detail in FIG. 9, an engagement portion between the annular protrusion 4 a of the head body 4 and the turning guide groove 6 c of the swing member 6 is connected to an oil passage 6 d formed in the swing member 6. A piston 6e that is actuated by hydraulic oil and a fixing member 6f having a convex portion 61f are provided. When the head body 4 is fixed to the swinging member 6 so as not to turn during the shaving process, hydraulic oil is supplied to the oil passage 6d and the piston 6e is moved to the fixing member 6f side. Then, the fixing member 6f operates with the convex portion 61f as a fulcrum and presses the annular protrusion 4a of the head body 4 against the bottom surface of the oscillating member 6, whereby the head body 4 is fixed to the oscillating member 6.

  A clamp mechanism 12 that clamps the shaving cutter 11 will be described with reference to FIG. 10 which is an enlarged view of the head body 4. The spindle 10 is a hollow cylinder, and a collet portion 10a is formed at one end to which the shaving cutter 11 is attached. A disc spring 17 and a pull rod 16 are accommodated inside the hollow cylindrical spindle 10. The pull rod 16 has an engagement fitting 15 at its tip and is slidably accommodated in the spindle axial direction. The pull rod 16 is urged toward the other end of the spindle 10 (left side in FIG. 10) by a disc spring 17. Here, the engagement fitting 15 is closed by being restricted by the inner wall surface of the spindle 10, but the pull rod 16 moves to one end side (the right side in FIG. 10) of the spindle 10 and the engagement fitting 15 is moved to the spindle. It is configured to be openable and closable so as to be opened when the inner wall surface of 10 is removed from the inner wall surface.

  The engagement fitting 15 provided at the tip of the pull rod 16 configured as described above grips the pull stud 19 provided on the cutter support shaft 18, and moves toward the other end of the spindle 10 by the biasing force of the disc spring 17. By pulling, the shaving cutter 11 inserted into the collet portion 10 a is clamped by the flange portion 10 c of the spindle 10 and the cutter support shaft 18. At this time, when the pull stud 19 is pulled, the collet portion 10a is expanded in the outer peripheral direction by the urging force of the coil spring 20, and is fitted into the shaving cutter 11 and centered.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 7, which are partial cross-sectional views taken along the line cc of FIG. 5, the head body 4 is provided with a worm wheel 25, and the turning drive fixed to the swing member 6. The worm 26 driven by the motor M4 is connected.

  Next, the unclamping device will be described with reference to FIG. 12 which is a partial side sectional view and FIG. 13 which is a sectional view taken along the line aa in FIG.

  The unclamping device 5 is installed in a column 7 behind the head body 4. Here, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, when the head body 4 is turned so that one end of the spindle 10 faces the front of the gear shaving machine 1 and the other end faces the back of the gear shaving machine 1, the spindle 10 A connecting portion 5d (see FIG. 17 (a)) is formed so that the connecting portion 10b formed at the other end is connected to the unclamping device 5. The front means the front of the gear shaving machine 1 and refers to the position where the operator performs work such as replacement of the shaving cutter 11. The back of the head body 4 refers to the front through the head body 4. The left side is the front side and the right side is the back side in FIGS. Thus, since the unclamping device 5 is separated from the head main body 4 and installed in the column 7 behind the head main body 4, the head main body 4 and thus the gear shaving board 1 as a whole can be downsized in the width direction.

  The unclamping device 5 has a piston 5a, and the piston 5a moves forward by supplying hydraulic oil to the oil passage 5b, and moves backward by supplying hydraulic oil to the oil passage 5c. Has been.

  As shown in FIG. 14, a tailstock 2 for supporting the work gear W includes a tailstock body 2a, a drive cylinder 2b that drives the tailstock body 2a to approach and separate from each other, A tailstock base 2c that slides on the table. The tailstock body 2a is installed on the tailstock base 2c, and each drive cylinder 2b is accommodated inside the tailstock base 2c so as to be arranged in parallel with the tailstock body 2a. As described above, since the drive cylinder 2b is arranged in parallel with the tailstock body 2a, the entire gear shaving machine 1 can be downsized in the width direction.

  Next, an operation method of the gear shaving machine 1 will be described.

  First, the tailstock base 2c is slid from the position shown in FIG. 14 to a position where the work gear W can be temporarily held, and then the hydraulic oil is supplied to move the drive cylinder 2b closer to each other. The connected tailstock main body 2a is also moved in the direction in which the tailstock main bodies 2a approach each other, and the work gear W is firmly supported by a center (not shown) attached to the tailstock main body 2a.

  In order to shaving the work gear W held on the tailstock 2 in this way, it is necessary to move the head carrier 3 in the vertical direction and engage the shaving cutter 11 with the work gear W. Here, the head carrier 3 fixed to the vertical slide member 22 is moved in the vertical direction by rotating the ball screw 21 by the vertical movement drive motor M1 and moving the vertical slide member 22 screwed with the ball screw 21. It can be moved (see FIG. 4).

  Then, the shaving cutter 11 is rotated by the spindle motor M3 via the drive shaft 13, the bevel gear 14 and the like to rotate the work gear W (see FIGS. 5 and 7).

  Here, the case of performing crowning on the work gear W will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15 is a partial front sectional view (a) showing a state where the swinging member 6 is in the original position and a partial front sectional view (b) showing a state where the swinging member swings to the maximum.

  First, the ball screw 24 is rotationally driven via the timing belt 23 by the swing drive motor M2 fixed to the head carrier 3. Accordingly, the horizontal slide member 9 screwed into the ball screw 24 slides on the swing rail 3b of the head carrier 3 from the original position shown in FIG. As the horizontal slide member 9 slides, the upper end of the swing member 6 is moved by the clamping portion 9a of the horizontal slide member 9, and the head carrier 3 is moved around the center point C of the arc of the arcuate sliding surface 6a. It swings with respect to it (see FIG. 15B). When the swing member 6 swings to FIG. 15B, the swing drive motor M2 rotates in the reverse direction, and the swing member 6 swings in the reverse direction (not shown). Here, since the arm axis of the pulling arm 8 is directed to the center point C at the original position, even when the swinging member 6 swings, the pulling springs 8c of the pulling arms 8 have the same force to each other. Tow 6 Therefore, it is possible to improve the crowning accuracy. Note that the center point C substantially coincides with the cutting point.

  Next, a method for replacing the shaving cutter 11 will be described.

  In order to remove the shaving cutter 11 clamped by the clamp mechanism 12 as described above, first, the swing drive motor M2 is driven to return the swing member 6 to the original position (FIG. 15A). The head carrier 3 is moved in the vertical direction so as to be separated from the work gear W.

  Then, the worm 26 is rotated by the turning drive motor M4 installed on the swing member 6 to rotate the worm wheel 25 fixed to the head body 4 (FIGS. 7 and 11). Thereby, the head main body 4 turns around the turning axis A, and one end of the spindle 10 to which the shaving cutter 11 is attached is directed to the front. Thus, by operating the turning drive motor M4, the connecting portion 10b formed at the other end of the spindle 10 from the processing position (see FIGS. 16A and 17A) where the shaving processing is performed is The head main body 4 can be swung to an unclamping position (see FIGS. 16B and 17B) connected to the unclamping device 5 disposed behind the head main body 4. As shown in FIG. 17B, the connecting portion 5d of the unclamping device 5 is formed with a cutout portion through which the connecting portion 10b of the spindle 10 can pass only in one direction side. When 4 turns in the direction of the arrow 30, it stops so that the connecting portion 4b and the connecting portion 5d are engaged.

  When the hydraulic oil is supplied to the oil passage 5b to advance the piston 5a of the unclamping device 5 and push the pull rod 16 to the front side, that is, the operator side against the biasing force of the disc spring 17, the engagement fitting 15 Is pulled out from the inner wall surface of the spindle 10 and opened. Thereby, the holding state of the pull stud 19 by the engagement fitting 15 is released, and the cutter support shaft 18 can be removed to release the clamping state of the shaving cutter 11. Further, since the collet portion 10a is contracted in the radial direction when the engagement metal fitting 15 holding the pull stud 19 is removed from the inner wall surface of the collet portion 10a, the fitting state of the shaving cutter 11 is also released. The shaving cutter 11 can be removed by these. Here, since one end of the spindle 10 faces the front side, that is, the worker side, the worker can remove the shaving cutter 11 with a natural posture and can easily replace the shaving cutter 11.

  Further, when exchanging the shaving cutter 11 as described above, the work can be performed by opening the small window 28 provided in the front cover 27. Further, when the gear shaving device 1 is subjected to maintenance or the like, the front cover 27 itself can be opened to perform the work (see FIG. 3), so that the workability can be improved.

It is a front view showing the whole gear shaving machine concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view showing the whole gear shaving machine concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the whole gear shaving board which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a partial side sectional view of a gear shaving machine. It is a partial front sectional view of a gear shaving machine. It is the fragmentary top sectional view which showed the detail of the rocking | swiveling member upper end part. It is the partial side sectional view showing the connection of a spindle motor and a shaving cutter in detail. It is the aa partial fragmentary sectional view of Fig.2 (a). FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating details of a fixing mechanism that fixes a head body to a swing member. It is the expanded partial front sectional view which showed the detail of the clamp mechanism which clamps a shaving cutter. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line cc of FIG. 5. It is a partial side sectional view showing the state where the head body is connected with the unclamping device. It is the bb sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a partial front sectional view showing a tailstock. It is the partial front sectional view (a) which shows the state of the rocking | swiveling member in an original position, and the partial front sectional view (b) which shows the state of the rocking | swiveling member at the time of maximum rocking | fluctuation. They are a partial side sectional view (a) showing the state of the head main body at the processing position and a partial side sectional view (b) showing the state of the head main body at the unclamping position. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line aa in FIG. 16A and a cross-sectional view taken along line aa in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gear shaving machine 2 Tailstock 2a Tailstock main body 2b Drive cylinder 3 Head carrier 3a Arc-shaped guide surface 4 Head main body 5 Unclamping device 6 Swing member 7 Column 8 Pulling arm 8c Traction spring 10 Spindle 11 Shaving cutter 12 Clamp Mechanism 13 Drive shaft 14 Bevel gear A Turning axis C Center point L Vertical line

Claims (5)

A pair of tailstocks for supporting the work gear, a head carrier supported slidably in the vertical direction, a head body supported by the head carrier, and a shaving cutter provided at one end of the head body. A spindle to be attached, a clamping mechanism for clamping the shaving cutter on the spindle, and an unclamping device for engaging the head body from the other end side of the spindle and releasing the clamping state of the shaving cutter. A gear shaving machine having:
The head body is supported by the head carrier so as to be able to turn around a turning axis perpendicular to the axis of the spindle,
The gear shaving machine, wherein the unclamping device is disposed behind the head main body so as to be connected to the head main body when one end of the spindle faces the front. A pair of tailstocks that support the work gear, a head carrier that is slidably supported in the vertical direction, a head body that is supported by the head carrier, and the shaving cutter provided at one end of the head body A spindle to which the shaving cutter is clamped on the spindle, and an unclamping device that engages the head body from the other end side of the spindle and releases the clamping state of the shaving cutter. A gear shaving machine having:
Each of the tailstocks includes a tailstock body and a drive cylinder that drives the tailstock bodies to approach and separate from each other,
The gear shaving machine, wherein the drive cylinder is arranged in parallel with the tailstock body. The head body is supported by the head carrier via a swinging member and is pivotally supported by the swinging member.
The swing member has an arcuate sliding surface that slides along an arcuate guide surface formed on the head carrier, and is swingably connected to the head carrier by at least a pair of pulling arms,
Each of the pulling arms includes a pulling spring that pulls in the axial direction of the arm, and is arranged with a vertical line passing through a center point of the arc of the arcuate sliding surface, and each arm in the original position. The gear shaving machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a center point of the circular arc is located on an extension line of the axis.   4. The gear shaving according to claim 3, wherein an axis of each of the pair of pulling arms is arranged to be symmetrical with a vertical line passing through a center point of the arc of the arcuate sliding surface. apparatus. The spindle motor is fixed to an upper portion of the swing member, and is drivingly connected to a spindle of the shaving cutter via a bevel gear and a drive shaft coaxial with the pivot shaft. The gear shaving machine according to 3 or 4.

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