JP2007237379A - Truing grinding wheel, truing apparatus including it, truing method and grooving apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a truing grinding wheel, simultaneously and favorably performing truing and dressing for a grinding stone where a grinding part is formed to have an angled section, and also to provide a truing apparatus including it, a truing method, and a grooving apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: This disk-like truing grinding wheel 51 comes into rotary contact with a disk-like grinding stone 31 where a grinding part as a cutting blade is formed to have an angled section at the same peripheral speed as the grinding stone 31 while relatively reciprocating in the inclining direction of the grinding part to perform truing, and also the truing part as a cutting blade is formed on the inclined peripheral surface corresponding to a slant of the grinding part. The truing grinding stone 51 rotates around a rotating shaft parallel to the rotating shaft of the grinding stone. The truing part is constructed by stacking a coarse grinding wheel part 58 and a finishing grinding wheel part 59 in the radial direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a truing grindstone for truing a disk-shaped grinding grindstone, a truing apparatus and a truing method provided with the truing grindstone, and a grooving apparatus.

Conventionally, a cup-type (crown-type) truing grindstone capable of simultaneously performing truing and dressing of a grinding grindstone is known as a truing grindstone. This cup-type truing grindstone is composed of a steel part and a general grinding part in which the crowns of the cutting blades are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. Dressing is performed. Then, in the state where the rotation axis of the grinding wheel and the rotation axis of the truing grindstone are orthogonal to each other, the crown top of the truing grindstone is in rotational contact with the outer peripheral surface of the grinding part of the grinding grindstone, so that truing and dressing are performed simultaneously. In this case, it is possible to increase the amount of loose abrasive grains and efficiently restore the function of the grindstone by adjusting the rotational speeds of the grinding grindstone and the truing grindstone (see Patent Document 1).
JP-A-8-323618

  By the way, when the cross section of the grinding part of the grinding wheel is formed in a chevron shape, if the grinding wheel and the truing grindstone are brought into rotational contact with each other with the rotation axes orthogonal to each other as in the prior art, the crown of the truing grindstone Will truing and dressing the grinding wheel towards its center. In this case, as the accumulated processing time increases, the outer diameter of the truing grindstone is worn and the outer dimensions are reduced. For this reason, when the rotation speed is constant, the peripheral speed of the truing grindstone becomes slow, and the relative speed of the peripheral speed of the grinding grindstone and the truing grindstone increases. Thereby, it is assumed that the amount of free abrasive grains staying on the contact surface is reduced and truing and dressing cannot be performed satisfactorily.

  The present invention provides a truing grindstone capable of performing truing and dressing simultaneously and satisfactorily on a grinding grindstone having a grinding section with a mountain-shaped cross section, a truing device and a truing method provided with the same, and a grooving device. That is the issue.

  The truing grindstone of the present invention has the same peripheral speed as the grinding wheel while reciprocating relatively in the inclination direction of the grinding portion with respect to the disc-shaped grinding grindstone in which the grinding portion serving as the cutting edge is formed in a mountain-shaped cross section. A truing wheel is a disk-shaped truing grindstone that rotates around a rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel. Then, the truing portion is characterized in that a rough grindstone portion and a finishing grindstone portion are laminated in the radial direction.

  According to this configuration, the truing grindstone and the grinding grindstone rotate around the parallel rotation, and the truing portion and the grinding portion reciprocate relatively in the inclined direction to perform truing, thereby the truing portion in the thickness direction. Will wear out. Thereby, since the outer diameter size of the truing grindstone is not reduced, the peripheral speeds of the grinding grindstone and the truing grindstone do not change, and free abrasive grains easily stay on the contact surface. Moreover, since it is comprised so that a rough grindstone part and a finishing grindstone part may contact with a grinding part alternately, truing and dressing can be performed simultaneously and favorably, and the function recovery of a grinding wheel can be performed efficiently.

  In this case, it is preferable that a plurality of rough whetstone portions and a plurality of finishing whetstone portions are alternately laminated.

  According to this configuration, the ground portion can be uniformly trued and dressed, and the reciprocating stroke can be made relatively short.

  In this case, it is preferable that the truing portion has a pair of inclined peripheral surfaces and is formed in a mountain shape in cross section.

  According to this configuration, it is easy to make the truing part face the grinding part, and it is possible to efficiently truing and dressing the chevron-shaped grinding wheel (the grinding part) without changing the truing wheel or the grinding wheel.

  In this case, it is preferable that a clearance groove extending in an annular shape is formed at a boundary portion between the rough grindstone portion and the finishing grindstone portion.

  According to this configuration, since the chips of the grinding wheel escape into the annular groove, it is possible to reduce the influence of the chips during truing and dressing, that is, truing failure and dressing failure.

  The truing device of the present invention includes the above-described truing grindstone, and a truing operation means that rotationally contacts the grindstone at the same peripheral speed while relatively reciprocating the truing grindstone in the inclination direction of the grinding portion. It is characterized by that.

  The truing method of the present invention is characterized in that the truing grindstone described above is used and truing is performed on the grinding portion of the grinding grindstone.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to provide a truing apparatus and a truing method capable of performing truing and dressing simultaneously and satisfactorily.

  A grooving apparatus according to the present invention includes the above truing apparatus and a grinding wheel that performs grooving on the surface of a workpiece.

  According to this configuration, the function of the grinding wheel can be recovered at an early stage, so that the maintenance time can be shortened and the productivity can be improved.

  Hereinafter, a truing grindstone according to an embodiment of the present invention, a truing apparatus and a truing method including the truing grindstone, and a grooving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a grooving device 1, which includes a bed portion 2 that serves as a machine base, a processing table 3 that extends to the left and right in front of the upper surface of the bed portion 2, and a processing table 3. An XY table 4 interposed between the bed portions 2 and moving the processing table 3 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, a column 5 erected on the back of the upper surface of the bed portion 2, and protrudes forward from the column 5. And a Z-axis table 7 that is provided on the front surface of the column 5 and moves the Z-axis direction in the Z-axis direction. Further, on the processing table 3, an object rotating mechanism 8 on which a processing object roller R is mounted, and a truing unit 9 that is located on the left side of the object rotating mechanism 8 and performs truing on the grinding wheel 31 of the grinding unit 6. The dummy workpiece 10 which is positioned on the right side of the object rotating mechanism 8 and is grooved by the grinding wheel 31 after truing, and the cross-section of the verification groove formed on the dummy workpiece 10 is positioned outside the dummy workpiece 10. Image recognition means 11 for recognizing the shape is mounted. Further, the groove processing device 1 is provided with a control device 12 for NC control of these constituent devices.

  The Z-axis table 7 projects from the front surface of the column 5 and supports a pair of parallel Z-axis guide rails 21 and 21 and the grinding unit 6 and is guided by the Z-axis guide rail 21 and moves in the Z-axis direction. A motor-driven Z-axis slider 22 configured freely. Based on the control of the control device 12, the Z-axis table 7 raises and lowers the grinding unit 6 to the vicinity of the processing target roller R at a high speed, and lowers the grinding unit 6 at a low speed from the vicinity of the processing target roller R to finely adjust the cutting amount. It can be configured.

  The grinding unit 6 includes a grinding wheel rotating mechanism 32 supported by the Z-axis table 7, and a grinding wheel 31 attached to the tip of the grinding wheel rotating mechanism 32. The grinding wheel rotating mechanism 32 is configured by incorporating a grinding wheel motor and a speed reducer inside the casing 33 (both not shown), and the grinding wheel 31 is detachably attached to the tip of a grinding wheel rotating shaft 34 extending from the speed reducer. ing.

  The grinding wheel 31 is composed of a diamond wheel in which diamond abrasive grains are hardened with a binder such as metal bond or resin bond, and is formed into a disk shape. The grinding portion located at the outer peripheral edge of the grinding wheel 31 has a mountain shape in cross section, and a V-shaped groove can be formed on the surface of the processing target roller R.

  The XY table 4 includes an X-axis table 42 fixed on the upper surface of the bed 2 and a Y-axis table 41 placed on the X-axis table 42, and the machining table 3 is mounted on the Y-axis table 41. . The X-axis table 42 includes a pair of X-axis guide rails provided on the bed 2 and a motor-driven X-axis slider 45 that moves in the X-axis direction on the pair of X-axis guide rails. Similarly, the Y-axis table 41 includes a pair of Y-axis guide rails provided on the X-axis slider 45 and a motor-driven Y-axis slider 43 that moves on the pair of Y-axis guide rails in the Y-axis direction. It is configured.

  The X-axis table 42 mainly moves the processing target roller R in the X-axis direction via the processing table 3 so that a plurality of V-shaped grooves formed on the processing target roller R are formed at an equal pitch. The Y-axis table 41 mainly moves the processing table 3 in the Y-axis direction so that the object rotation mechanism 8, the truing unit 9, and the dummy workpiece 10 are appropriately faced to the grinding wheel 31. Therefore, in the groove processing on the processing target roller R, the grinding wheel 31 is lifted and lowered by the Z-axis table 7 and the recession of the processing target roller R by the X-axis table 42 is repeated. . Further, the control device 12 stores a processing amount for indicating the timing of shifting from the grooving to the truing operation for each material, and when the target processing amount is reached, the truing unit is connected via the Y-axis table 41. 9 faces the grinding wheel 31. In the embodiment, truing is performed when the half of the plurality of V-shaped grooves of the processing target roller R is processed.

  The object rotation mechanism 8 is mounted at the center on the processing table 3 and includes a geared motor 81 and a mounting shaft that extends from the geared motor 81 and supports the processing object roller R in a cantilever manner. For example, an air chuck is provided on the mounting shaft so that the cylindrical processing target roller R can be firmly chucked from the inside. The object rotation mechanism 8 is NC-controlled by the control device 12 and rotates the processing object roller R at a peripheral speed (preset) different from that of the grinding wheel 31 in consideration of the material. The object rotating means 8 may be configured to face the grinding wheel 31 while rotating the processing object roller R other than the geared motor 81.

  The truing unit 9 is mounted on the left side of the processing table 3 in the drawing, and truing and dressing the worn grinding wheel 31 to recover the function of the grinding wheel 31. The truing unit 9 detachably mounts a disc-shaped truing grindstone 51 in which loose abrasive grains are attached to a truing portion serving as a cutting edge, and the truing grindstone 51 that is mounted on the grinding grindstone 31. And a truing operation mechanism to be operated. Further, the truing operation mechanism includes a truing rotating mechanism 52 that rotates the truing grindstone 51 around a rotation axis parallel to the grindstone rotating shaft 34, and a truing portion of the truing grindstone 51 reciprocating in the direction of the slope with respect to the grinding portion of the grinding wheel 31. The reciprocating mechanism 56 is configured to move, and the advancing / retracting mechanism 57 is configured to advance and retract the truing grindstone 51 in the axial direction of the grindstone rotating shaft 34 with respect to the grinding grindstone 31.

  The truing grindstone 51 has a pair of inclined peripheral surfaces whose truing portions correspond to the grinding portions of the grinding grindstone 31 and is formed in a cross-sectional mountain shape. Thereby, it is easy to make the truing part face the grinding part, and the chevron grinding wheel 31 can be efficiently trued without changing the truing wheel or the grinding wheel. In addition, the truing portion is formed by laminating a rough grindstone portion 58 that performs truing of the grinding portion of the grinding wheel 31 and a finishing grindstone portion 59 that performs dressing in a radial direction, and extends annularly at the boundary between both the grindstone portions 58 and 59. An existing relief groove is formed (see FIG. 2B).

  The rough grindstone 58 is a grindstone having a grain size of ½ of the diamond grindstone 31, and the finishing grindstone 59 is a grindstone having a grain size ¼ of the diamond grindstone 31. Truing and dressing are performed simultaneously by rubbing. Specifically, the abrasive grains of the roughing grindstone 58 and the finishing grindstone 59 are separated by rubbing with the grinding part of the grinding stone 31, and lapping-like in the direction of the slope between the grinding part of the grinding stone 31. By performing the operation, the grinding part is shaped (shape correction), and the metal bond serving as the binder is scraped off to cause the diamond particles to protrude to eliminate clogging.

  Further, the relief groove is configured to reduce the influence of the chips during truing and dressing, that is, the truing failure and the dressing failure, by the chips of the grinding stone escaping into the annular groove. The rough whetstone portion 58 and the finish whetstone portion 59 are not limited to a two-layer structure, and a plurality of rough whetstone portions 58 and finish whetstone portions 59 may be alternately stacked. As a result, the grinding portion of the grinding wheel 31 can be uniformly trued and dressed, and the reciprocating stroke can be made relatively short. Further, the relief groove is not necessarily provided.

  The truing rotation mechanism 52 rotates the truing grindstone 51 at the same peripheral speed as that of the grinding grindstone 31 during the truing operation, and a truing motor 53 serving as a driving source of the truing grindstone 51 and a truing rotation shaft that is a main shaft of the truing motor 53. 55. And the truing grindstone 51 is attached to the front-end | tip part of the truing rotating shaft 55 so that attachment or detachment is possible. The truing grindstone 51 and the grindstone rotating shaft 34 are installed so as to be parallel to each other, and the truing grindstone 51 is rotated around the rotation axis parallel to the grinding grindstone 31, and the truing grindstone 51 is worn. Also, the outer diameter of the truing grindstone 51 is not changed. Thereby, since the state where the peripheral speeds of the truing grindstone 51 and the grinding grindstone 31 are equal can be easily controlled, the optimum truing operation can be easily obtained (see FIG. 2A).

  The reciprocating mechanism 56 presses loose abrasive grains released from the truing grindstone 51 against the grinding grindstone 31, and performs a lapping-like operation along the slant direction of the grinding part with the rotation of both grindstones 51 and 31. is there. By this lapping-like operation, the grinding wheel 31 is appropriately ground to eliminate shape correction and clogging. For this reason, although not shown in the drawing, the reciprocating mechanism 56 includes a motor serving as a power source and a link mechanism that moves the truing grindstone 51 along both slopes of the grinding part. In this case, since the link mechanism has a V-shaped moving form with respect to the grinding part, the link mechanism reciprocates in two directions by switching.

  The advancing / retracting mechanism 57 is a so-called Y-axis table, and is mounted with the truing rotation mechanism 52 and the reciprocating mechanism 56 described above, and moves the truing grindstone 51 forward and backward in the Y-axis direction via both the mechanisms 52 and 56. In a series of truing operations, the advancing / retracting mechanism 57 presses one inclined peripheral surface of the truing grindstone 51 against one inclined peripheral surface of the grinding grindstone 31, and then presses the other inclined peripheral surface of the truing grindstone 51 on the grinding grindstone 31. It is controlled to press against the other inclined peripheral surface.

  In addition to the above configuration, a configuration may be added in which the machining liquid oozes out from the peripheral portion of the truing grindstone 51. For example, a machining liquid storage space is formed inside the truing grindstone 51, and an internal flow path connected to the storage space is formed at the axial center of the truing rotation shaft 55, and the machining liquid is formed from a slip ring wound around the truing rotation shaft 55. To supply. If it does in this way, when the truing grindstone 51 rotates, the processing liquid in the truing grindstone 51 will ooze out from the peripheral part of a truing grindstone by centrifugal force, and it will become easy to retain free abrasive grains in a contact part. Therefore, truing and dressing can be performed more efficiently.

  The dummy workpiece 10 is formed in a plate shape with carbon, and is positioned and fixed on the right side in the figure on the processing table 3 in a standing posture orthogonal to the grinding wheel 31. The upper end portion of the dummy workpiece 10 is a processing portion, and the grinding wheel 31 facing the dummy workpiece 10 by the Y-axis table 41 forms a V-shaped groove for verification in the thickness direction with respect to the processing portion. That is, the grinding wheel 31 moves so as to cross the processed portion of the dummy workpiece 10 in parallel with the upper end surface thereof, and forms a verification groove similar to the V-shaped groove formed in the processing target roller R.

  Since the dummy workpiece 10 is formed in a plate shape, the image recognition means 11 can take an image without causing problems of focusing and halation, and the grinding wheel 31 is ground through the cross-sectional shape of the verification groove. The cross-sectional shape of the part can be accurately grasped. Moreover, since it formed in plate shape, while being able to process a groove | channel in a short time, the occupation space of the dummy workpiece | work 10 can be made small. Further, since the dummy workpiece 10 is made of carbon, even if the dummy workpiece 10 is grooved, cracks and deformation are hardly generated in the processed portion, and the cross-sectional shape of the grinding wheel 31 is accurately reproduced. Thereby, the cross-sectional shape of the grinding wheel 31 after truing can be grasped with high accuracy. Furthermore, since the contrast between the black dummy workpiece 10 and the verification groove formed on the black dummy workpiece 10 is good, accurate image recognition is possible.

  The image recognition means 11 recognizes an image of the verification groove formed in the dummy workpiece 10 using the CCD camera 61 attached to the position facing the dummy workpiece 10 on the processing table 3, and the sectional shape of the grinding part of the grinding wheel 31. To figure out. Specifically, the end face (cross-sectional shape) of the verification groove processed into the dummy workpiece 10 is imaged, and the imaging result is subjected to image processing to recognize the shape of the verification groove and the size of each part. The control device 12 stores a reference value and an allowable value in advance with respect to the size of each part of the verification groove, and the recognition result is compared with the reference value. In some cases, the display 71 provided outside the apparatus is configured to display that the grinding wheel 31 faces the truing unit 9. That is, the truing operation is repeated until the verification groove (cross-sectional shape of the grinding portion) has a desired shape.

  Here, a series of operations for processing a plurality of V-shaped grooves on the processing target roller R formed by the groove processing apparatus 1 will be described. The grooving method by the grooving apparatus 1 includes a grooving process for grooving the processing target roller R by the grinding wheel 31, a truing process for periodically truing the grinding wheel 31, and a plate-like process after the truing process. A dummy machining step for performing groove machining on the dummy workpiece 10 so as to cross the upper end portion by the grinding wheel 31 and an image recognition step for recognizing an image of the cross-sectional shape of the verification groove formed on the machining surface after the dummy machining step. And consist of

  In the grooving step, the processing target roller R is mounted on the target rotating mechanism 8 and the dummy workpiece 10 is fixed to the processing table 3, and then the processing target roller R is exposed directly below the grinding wheel 31 by the XY table 4. The grinding unit 6 waiting in the raised position is gradually lowered and rubbed against the processing target roller R. At this time, a V-shaped groove having a desired shape is formed by grinding the abrasive grains of the grinding wheel 31 while rubbing the peripheral surface of the processing target roller R. Thereafter, the grinding unit 6 is raised (in this case, the grinding wheel 31 is slightly separated from the circumferential surface of the processing target roller R), and the processing table 3 is moved in the X-axis direction by the groove pitch, and then again ground. The unit 6 faces the processing target roller R. By repeating the above operation, a plurality of V-shaped grooves are processed in parallel on the surface of the processing target roller R with equal gaps therebetween.

  In the truing process, when a predetermined processing amount is reached in the grooving process, a truing command is issued from the control device 12, the Y-axis table 41 is driven, and the truing unit 9 is brought directly under the grinding wheel 31 to grind the grinding wheel. The above truing operation for correcting the cross-sectional shape of the 31 grinding portion is performed.

  In the dummy machining process, a verification command is issued from the control device 12 after the truing process is completed, the Y-axis table 41 is driven, the dummy workpiece 10 faces the grinding wheel 31, and a V-shaped verification groove is formed in the machining portion of the dummy workpiece 10. Is processed.

  In the image recognition process, the cross-sectional shape of the verification groove formed in the dummy workpiece 10 after the dummy machining process is image-recognized by the CCD camera 61, the size of the verification groove is measured, and compared with the reference value. At this time, when it is outside the range of the reference value ± allowable value, it faces the truing unit 9, and when it is within the range of the reference value ± allowable value, it faces the processing target roller R and the remaining V-shape. Grooves are formed.

  As described above, according to the present invention, truing and dressing can be simultaneously and satisfactorily performed on a grinding wheel having a grinding portion having a mountain-shaped cross section.

It is a whole figure perspective view of a groove processing apparatus. (A) is explanatory drawing of the truing of a grinding wheel, (b) is sectional drawing of a grinding wheel and a truing wheel.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Groove processing apparatus 9 ... Truing unit (truing apparatus) 31 ... Grinding grindstone 51 ... Truing grindstone 58 ... Rough grindstone part 59 ... Finish grindstone part R ... Processing object

Claims (7)

A truing wheel that rotates at the same peripheral speed as the grinding wheel while reciprocally reciprocating in the tilt direction of the grinding part with respect to a disk-shaped grinding wheel with a grinding part as a cutting edge formed into a chevron. As well as
A truing part serving as a cutting edge is formed on an inclined peripheral surface corresponding to the slope of the grinding part, and is a disk-like truing grindstone that rotates around a rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis of the grinding wheel,
The truing grindstone is constituted by laminating a rough grindstone portion and a finishing grindstone portion in a radial direction.   The truing grindstone according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the rough grindstone portions and a plurality of the finish grindstone portions are alternately stacked.   The truing grindstone according to claim 1, wherein the truing portion has a pair of inclined peripheral surfaces and is formed in a mountain shape in cross section.   The truing grindstone according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a clearance groove extending in an annular shape is formed at a boundary portion between the rough grindstone portion and the finishing grindstone portion. A truing grindstone according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A truing apparatus comprising: a truing operation means for rotating and contacting the grinding wheel at the same peripheral speed while relatively reciprocating the truing wheel in the inclination direction of the grinding portion. Using the truing grindstone according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A truing method comprising performing truing on the grinding portion of the grinding wheel. A truing device according to claim 5;
A grooving apparatus comprising the grinding wheel for grooving a surface of a workpiece.

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