JP2007222923A - Method for producing ring forging material - Google Patents

Method for producing ring forging material Download PDF

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JP2007222923A
JP2007222923A JP2006049045A JP2006049045A JP2007222923A JP 2007222923 A JP2007222923 A JP 2007222923A JP 2006049045 A JP2006049045 A JP 2006049045A JP 2006049045 A JP2006049045 A JP 2006049045A JP 2007222923 A JP2007222923 A JP 2007222923A
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forging material
pressing
ring
flat
cross
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JP4117896B2 (en
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Atsumi Hosogai
厚美 細貝
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ANTETSUKUSU KK
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ANTETSUKUSU KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for easily producing a ring forging material. <P>SOLUTION: A cut-off body of a square bar steel is used for forging material. After heating the forging material, both end surfaces of the forging material is flatly pressed into to a square shape in a side-view; then forging material is subjected to hexagonal-formation and octagonal-formation to be formed into an octagonal shape in the side-view. The forging material is flatly pressed between both end surfaces to be flattened; then recessed parts are formed on both side surfaces of the forging material; after that the forging material is flatly pressed between both end surfaces, and the interval between the recessed parts of the forging material is penetrated to form the ring forging material. The ring forging material can be produced by heating the forging material only once. Energy cost for producing the ring forging material can be reduced and the production time can be shortened. The stability of the quality of the ring forging material and the shortening of the processing time can simultaneously be obtained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、断面四角形状の材料から製造するリング鍛造材料の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ring forging material manufactured from a material having a quadrangular cross section.

従来、この種のリング鍛造材料であるリングロール鍛造品用鋼片の製造方法としては、やや正四角形の鋼片を加熱工程で加熱してから、八角成形工程で鋼片の断面形状の各角部のそれぞれにコーナ部を設けて、この鋼片を八角形に加工して、この鋼片の断面形状を丸に近づけて丸鋼とし、この丸鋼を大径リングロール鍛造品用の素材とする。さらに、この鋼片を加熱工程にて加熱した後に、この鋼片を据え込み工程で据え込んでからピアシングパンチング工程で円筒状にする。この後、この円筒状の鋼片を加熱工程にて加熱した後に、ローリング加工工程および後処理工程を介してリングロール鍛造製品とする構成が知られている。(例えば、特許文献１参照。)。
実開昭５４−６９１２８号公報 Conventionally, as a method of manufacturing a steel slab for a ring roll forging product, which is a ring forging material of this type, a slightly square steel slab is heated in a heating process, and then each corner of the cross-sectional shape of the steel slab is formed in an octagon forming process. Each corner is provided with a corner, this steel slab is processed into an octagon, and the cross-sectional shape of this steel slab is made close to a round to make a round steel. To do. Further, after heating the steel slab in the heating process, the steel slab is installed in the upsetting process and then formed into a cylindrical shape in the piercing punching process. Then, after heating this cylindrical steel piece at a heating process, the structure used as a ring roll forging product through a rolling process process and a post-processing process is known. (For example, see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-69128

しかしながら、上述したリングロール鍛造品用鋼片の製造方法では、やや正四角形の鋼片を八角加工する八角成形工程や、この鋼片を据え込む据え込み工程の前に、この鋼片をそれぞれ加熱しなければならない。したがって、このやや正四角形の鋼片を円筒状にするまでに複数回の加熱工程が必要であるので、この鋼片を円筒状にするまでの製造が容易ではないという問題を有している。   However, in the above-described method for manufacturing a steel slab for a ring roll forged product, the steel slab is heated before an octagon forming process for octagonally processing a square steel slab and an upsetting process for installing the steel slab. Must. Therefore, a plurality of heating steps are required until this slightly square steel slab is formed into a cylindrical shape, and thus there is a problem that it is not easy to manufacture until this steel slab is formed into a cylindrical shape.

本発明は、このような点に鑑みてなされたもので、製造が容易なリング鍛造材料の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of such a point, and it aims at providing the manufacturing method of ring forging material with easy manufacture.

請求項１記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法は、断面四角形状の材料を加熱する加熱工程と、この加熱工程にて加熱された前記材料を、この材料の対向する角部間で平押して、この材料を断面六角形状にする六角加工工程と、断面六角形状の材料の前記六角加工工程での平押しで形成された角部以外の対向する角部間で前記材料を平押しして、この材料を断面八角形状にする八角加工工程と、断面八角形状の材料の両側面の中央間に貫通穴を形成して環状にする穴形成工程とを具備しているものである。   According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a ring forging material comprising: a heating step of heating a material having a quadrangular cross section; and the material heated in the heating step is flat pressed between opposing corners of the material. This material is flat-pressed between opposing corners other than the corners formed by the hexagonal machining step of making the material a hexagonal cross-section and the flat-pressing of the hexagonal cross-section material in the hexagonal machining step. Are formed in an octagonal cross-sectional shape and a hole forming step in which a through-hole is formed between the centers of both side surfaces of the cross-sectional octagonal material to form an annular shape.

請求項２記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法は、請求項１記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法において、八角加工工程にて断面八角形状にされた材料を、この材料の両側面間で平押しする潰し工程を具備しているものである。   The method for producing a ring forged material according to claim 2 is the method for producing a ring forged material according to claim 1, wherein the material having an octagonal cross section formed in the octagonal machining step is flat pressed between both side surfaces of the material. A crushing process is provided.

請求項３記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法は、請求項２記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法において、穴形成工程は、潰し工程にて平押しされた材料の両側面の中央部に断面凹状の凹部をそれぞれ形成する凹部形成工程と、この凹部形成工程にて凹部が形成された材料の一側面側の凹部を保持した状態で、この材料の両側面間で平押しする平押し工程と、この平押し工程にて平押しされた材料の一側面側の凹部を保持した状態で、この材料の他側面側の凹部に軸体を挿入して、これら凹部間を貫通させて貫通穴を形成して前記材料をリング状にする穴開け工程とを備えているものである。   The ring forging material manufacturing method according to claim 3 is the ring forging material manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the hole forming step has a concave cross section at the center of both side surfaces of the material flattened in the crushing step. A recess forming step for forming each of the recesses, a flat pressing step for flat pressing between both side surfaces of the material while holding the recess on one side of the material on which the recess was formed in the recess forming step, Inserting a shaft body into the recess on the other side of this material while holding the recess on the one side of the material flat pressed in the flat pressing process, and forming a through hole between these recesses And a drilling step for forming the material into a ring shape.

請求項４記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法は、請求項３記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法において、穴開け工程は、材料の一側面側の凹部を円環状の係止片にて保持した状態で、この材料の凹部間に貫通穴を形成して前記材料をリング状にするものである。   The ring forging material manufacturing method according to claim 4 is the ring forging material manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the hole forming step holds the concave portion on one side of the material with an annular locking piece. Thus, a through hole is formed between the concave portions of the material to make the material into a ring shape.

請求項５記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法は、請求項１ないし４いずれか記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法において、断面四角形状の材料は、断面長方形状に形成され、この材料の断面の長手方向の両端面を平押しして、この材料の断面を正方形状にする正方形加工工程を具備しているものである。   The ring forging material manufacturing method according to claim 5 is the ring forging material manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the quadrangular cross-sectional material is formed in a rectangular cross section, and the longitudinal direction of the cross section of the material A square processing step for flattening both end faces in the direction to make the cross section of the material into a square shape is provided.

請求項１記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法によれば、六角加工工程の前に断面四角形状の材料を加熱するだけで、この六角加工工程、八角加工工程および穴形成工程を介して、この材料を断面八角形状で両側端部の中央間に貫通穴が形成された環状にできる。したがって、この材料を一度加熱するだけで、この材料を環状にできるので、この材料からのリング鍛造材料の製造を容易にできる。   According to the method for manufacturing a ring forging material according to claim 1, the material having a quadrangular section is heated only before the hexagonal machining step, and the material is passed through the hexagonal machining step, the octagonal machining step, and the hole forming step. Can be formed into an annular shape having an octagonal cross section and a through hole formed between the centers of both end portions. Therefore, since this material can be formed into an annular shape by heating this material once, the production of the ring forging material from this material can be facilitated.

請求項２記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法によれば、潰し工程で断面八角形状の材料を、この材料の両側面間で平押しすることにより、この材料を扁平にできるので、この材料から製造されるリング鍛造材料をより扁平にできる。   According to the method for manufacturing a ring forging material according to claim 2, since the material can be flattened by flat-pressing the material having an octagonal cross section between both side surfaces of the material in the crushing step, the material is manufactured from this material. The ring forging material to be made can be made flatter.

請求項３記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法によれば、潰し工程にて平押しされた材料の両側面の中央部に断面凹状の凹部をそれぞれ形成してから、この材料の一側面側の凹部を保持した状態で、この材料の両側面間で平押しした後に、この平押しした材料の一側面側の凹部を保持した状態で、この材料の他側面側の凹部に軸体を挿入して、これら凹部間を貫通させて貫通穴を形成して材料をリング状にすることにより、この材料に貫通穴を形成する際の肉流れや応力を少なくできるので、このリング状の材料の中央部に形成された貫通穴の内側に傷やバリなどができにくくなる。   According to the method for manufacturing a ring forging material according to claim 3, after forming a concave section with a concave section in the center of both side surfaces of the material flattened in the crushing step, the concave section on one side surface of this material In this state, after flat-pressing between both side surfaces of this material, insert a shaft body into the concave portion on the other side surface of this material while holding the concave portion on one side surface of this flat-pressed material. By forming a through-hole by penetrating between the recesses and making the material into a ring shape, it is possible to reduce the meat flow and stress when forming the through-hole in this material, so the central portion of this ring-shaped material Scratches and burrs are less likely to be formed inside the through-hole formed in the.

請求項４記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法によれば、材料の一側面側の凹部を円環状の係止片にて保持した状態で、この材料の凹部間に貫通穴を形成して材料をリング状にするので、この材料に貫通穴を形成する際の肉流れや応力をより少なくできるから、このリング状の材料の中央部に形成された貫通穴の内側に傷やバリなどがよりできにくくなる。   According to the method for manufacturing a ring forged material according to claim 4, in a state where the concave portion on one side of the material is held by the annular locking piece, a through hole is formed between the concave portions of the material, and the material is Since the ring shape makes it possible to reduce the flow of meat and stress when forming a through hole in this material, scratches and burrs can be created inside the through hole formed in the center of this ring material. It becomes difficult.

請求項５記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法は、断面長方形状の材料の断面の長手方向の両端面を平押しして、この材料の断面を正方形状にすることにより、断面の辺の長さ寸法が小さく細い材料であっても、より大きなリング鍛造材料を製造できる。 The ring forging material manufacturing method according to claim 5 is a method of flattening both longitudinal end faces of a cross section of a material having a rectangular cross section to make the cross section of the material a square shape, thereby making the length of the side of the cross section. Larger ring forging materials can be produced even with thin materials with small dimensions.

以下、本発明のリング鍛造材料の製造方法の一実施の形態の構成を図２ないし図１１を参照して説明する。   Hereinafter, the configuration of an embodiment of a method for producing a ring forging material according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

図２ないし図５および図７において、１はプレス装置としての平押し装置で、この平押し装置１は、上側面に平坦な設置面２が形成されたベースとしてのプレス台である設置プレート３を備えている。そして、この設置プレート３の設置面２に対向して、下面に平坦な加圧面４が形成された加圧プレート５が取り付けられている。   2 to 5 and 7, reference numeral 1 denotes a flat pushing device as a pressing device. The flat pushing device 1 is a setting plate 3 which is a press table as a base having a flat setting surface 2 formed on the upper side surface. It has. A pressure plate 5 having a flat pressure surface 4 formed on the lower surface is attached to face the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3.

また、図８(ａ)において、11はプレス装置としての型押し装置で、この型押し装置11は、上側面に平坦な設置面12が形成された設置プレート13を備えている。そして、この設置プレート13の設置面12の中央部には、平面視円形状である円柱状の凸状部14が一体的に形成されている。この凸状部14は、設置プレート13の設置面12から上方に向けて突出しており、凸状部14の先端部には設置面12に対して並行な押圧面15が形成されている。さらに、この凸状部14の周面部には、この凸状部14の押圧面15から設置プレート13の設置面12に向けて径方向に同心状に拡開したテーパ面16が形成されている。   In FIG. 8 (a), reference numeral 11 denotes an embossing device as a pressing device. The embossing device 11 includes an installation plate 13 having a flat installation surface 12 formed on the upper side surface. A cylindrical convex portion 14 having a circular shape in plan view is integrally formed at the central portion of the installation surface 12 of the installation plate 13. The convex portion 14 protrudes upward from the installation surface 12 of the installation plate 13, and a pressing surface 15 parallel to the installation surface 12 is formed at the tip of the convex portion 14. Further, a tapered surface 16 that is concentrically expanded in the radial direction from the pressing surface 15 of the convex portion 14 toward the installation surface 12 of the installation plate 13 is formed on the peripheral surface portion of the convex portion 14. .

さらに、設置プレート13の設置面12に対向して、下面に平坦な加圧面17が形成された加圧プレート18が取り付けられている。そして、この加圧プレート18の加圧面17の中央部には、平面視円形状である円柱状の押圧軸部19が一体的に形成されている。この押圧軸部19は、加圧プレート18の加圧面17から下方に向けて突出しており、この押圧軸部19の先端部には設置面12に対して並行な押圧面21が形成されている。さらに、この押圧軸部19の周面部には、加圧プレート18の加圧面17の法線方向に沿った軸方向を有する円周面部22が形成されている。この円周面部22は、凸状部14のテーパ面16の下端縁の外径寸法に等しい外径寸法を有するとともに、この凸状部14の高さ寸法より大きな高さ寸法を有する円柱状に形成されている。   Further, a pressure plate 18 having a flat pressure surface 17 formed on the lower surface is attached to face the installation surface 12 of the installation plate 13. A cylindrical pressing shaft portion 19 having a circular shape in plan view is integrally formed at the center portion of the pressing surface 17 of the pressing plate 18. The pressing shaft portion 19 protrudes downward from the pressing surface 17 of the pressing plate 18, and a pressing surface 21 parallel to the installation surface 12 is formed at the distal end portion of the pressing shaft portion 19. . Further, a circumferential surface portion 22 having an axial direction along the normal direction of the pressing surface 17 of the pressing plate 18 is formed on the peripheral surface portion of the pressing shaft portion 19. The circumferential surface portion 22 has an outer diameter size equal to the outer diameter size of the lower end edge of the tapered surface 16 of the convex portion 14, and has a cylindrical shape having a height dimension larger than the height dimension of the convex portion 14. Is formed.

また、図９において、31はプレス装置としての拡径装置で、この拡径装置31は、型押し装置11と同様の設置プレート13を備えており、この設置プレート13の設置面12に対向して、平押し装置１と同様の加圧プレート５が取り付けられている。   In FIG. 9, reference numeral 31 denotes a diameter expanding device as a pressing device. The diameter expanding device 31 includes an installation plate 13 similar to the die pressing device 11, and faces the installation surface 12 of the installation plate 13. A pressure plate 5 similar to that of the flat pushing device 1 is attached.

さらに、図１０(ａ)において、41はプレス装置としての穴開け装置で、この穴開け装置41は、上側面に平坦な設置面42が形成された設置プレート43を備えている。そして、この設置プレート43の設置面42の中央部には、この設置面42の法線方向に沿って開口した開口部である円形状の挿入穴47が形成されている。この挿入穴47は、型押し装置11の凸状部14の上端側の外径寸法より若干小さな内径寸法を有している。さらに、この挿入穴47の開口縁には、この開口縁に沿った円環状の係止片である環状突部45が一体的に突設されている。この環状突部45は、型押し装置11の凸状部14のテーパ面16に等しい大きさに形成されたテーパ状の外周面46を有している。そして、この環状突部45の上端側にも挿入穴47が同心状に連通して設けられている。   Further, in FIG. 10A, 41 is a punching device as a press device, and this punching device 41 includes an installation plate 43 having a flat installation surface 42 formed on the upper surface. A circular insertion hole 47 that is an opening opened along the normal direction of the installation surface 42 is formed at the center of the installation surface 42 of the installation plate 43. The insertion hole 47 has an inner diameter dimension slightly smaller than the outer diameter dimension on the upper end side of the convex portion 14 of the embossing device 11. Further, an annular protrusion 45 that is an annular locking piece along the opening edge is integrally provided at the opening edge of the insertion hole 47. The annular protrusion 45 has a tapered outer peripheral surface 46 formed in the same size as the tapered surface 16 of the convex portion 14 of the embossing device 11. An insertion hole 47 is also concentrically connected to the upper end side of the annular protrusion 45.

また、設置プレート43の設置面42に対向して、下面に平坦な加圧面48が形成された加圧プレート49が取り付けられている。そして、この加圧プレート49の加圧面48の中央部には、平面視円形状である円柱状の軸体としての穴開け軸部51が一体的に形成されている。この穴開け軸部51は、加圧プレート49の加圧面48から下方に向けて突出しており、この穴開け軸部51の先端部には設置面42に対して並行な押圧面52が形成されている。さらに、この穴開け軸部51の周面部には、加圧プレート49の加圧面48の法線方向に沿った軸方向を有するとともに、設置プレート43の環状突部45の挿入穴47に挿通可能な円周面部53が形成されている。この円周面部53は、設置プレート43の環状突部45の挿入穴47の内径寸法に略等しい外径寸法に形成されている。   Further, a pressure plate 49 having a flat pressure surface 48 formed on the lower surface is attached to face the installation surface 42 of the installation plate 43. A punching shaft portion 51 as a cylindrical shaft body having a circular shape in plan view is integrally formed at the center portion of the pressure surface 48 of the pressure plate 49. The perforated shaft portion 51 protrudes downward from the pressure surface 48 of the pressure plate 49, and a pressing surface 52 parallel to the installation surface 42 is formed at the tip of the perforated shaft portion 51. ing. Further, the peripheral surface portion of the perforated shaft portion 51 has an axial direction along the normal direction of the pressure surface 48 of the pressure plate 49, and can be inserted into the insertion hole 47 of the annular protrusion 45 of the installation plate 43. A circumferential surface portion 53 is formed. The circumferential surface portion 53 is formed to have an outer diameter dimension substantially equal to the inner diameter dimension of the insertion hole 47 of the annular protrusion 45 of the installation plate 43.

また、図１１において、61は鍛造装置としてのリングローリングミルであるリングローリング装置で、このリングローリング装置61は、上下方向に沿った軸方向を有する細長円柱状の内周押圧軸62を備えている。この内周押圧軸62は、周方向に沿って回転可能に設けられており、円周状の外周面63を備えている。そして、この内周押圧軸62の外周面63に対向して、上下方向に沿った軸方向を有する円柱状の外周押圧体64が取り付けられている。この外周押圧体64は、この外周押圧体64の外周面65を、内周押圧軸62の外周面63に対向させた状態で設置されており、この外周押圧体64の中心部には、この外周押圧体64の中心部を貫通して回転軸66が取り付けられている。この回転軸66は、上下方向に沿った軸方向を有しており、この回転軸66を周方向に回転させることによって、外周押圧体64が周方向に回転される。   In FIG. 11, reference numeral 61 denotes a ring rolling device which is a ring rolling mill as a forging device. The ring rolling device 61 includes an elongated cylindrical inner peripheral pressing shaft 62 having an axial direction along the vertical direction. Yes. The inner circumferential pressing shaft 62 is rotatably provided along the circumferential direction and includes a circumferential outer circumferential surface 63. A cylindrical outer peripheral pressing body 64 having an axial direction along the vertical direction is attached to face the outer peripheral surface 63 of the inner peripheral pressing shaft 62. The outer peripheral pressing body 64 is installed in a state where the outer peripheral surface 65 of the outer peripheral pressing body 64 faces the outer peripheral surface 63 of the inner peripheral pressing shaft 62. A rotating shaft 66 is attached through the center of the outer peripheral pressing body 64. The rotating shaft 66 has an axial direction along the vertical direction, and the outer peripheral pressing body 64 is rotated in the circumferential direction by rotating the rotating shaft 66 in the circumferential direction.

さらに、この外周押圧体64の内周押圧軸62を介した反対側には、この内周押圧軸62の径方向に対して傾斜した軸方向を有する上面押圧体67が回転可能に取り付けられている。この上面押圧体67は、先細状である円錐状の外周面である円錐面68を有しており、この円錐面68の下側が、内周押圧軸62の径方向に対して並行となるように設置されている。さらに、この上面押圧体67の基端部の中央部には、この上面押圧体67を周方向に回転させる回転軸69が同心状に取り付けられている。   Further, an upper surface pressing body 67 having an axial direction inclined with respect to the radial direction of the inner circumferential pressing shaft 62 is rotatably attached to the opposite side of the outer circumferential pressing body 64 via the inner circumferential pressing shaft 62. Yes. The upper surface pressing body 67 has a conical surface 68 which is a tapered conical outer peripheral surface, and the lower side of the conical surface 68 is parallel to the radial direction of the inner peripheral pressing shaft 62. Is installed. Further, a rotation shaft 69 that rotates the upper surface pressing body 67 in the circumferential direction is concentrically attached to the central portion of the base end portion of the upper surface pressing body 67.

次に、上記一実施の形態のリング鍛造材料の製造方法を図１を参照して説明する。   Next, the manufacturing method of the ring forging material of the said one Embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

まず、素材切り出し工程としての素材切断工程として、例えば長さが６ｍで、幅が５００ｍｍで、厚さが３００ｍｍの断面四角形状である断面長方形状の材料としての四角棒鋼である図示しない金属素材を、この金属素材の幅寸法ａより大きな長さ寸法ｂ、例えば３００ｍｍ以上８００ｍｍ以下の長さで、この金属素材の厚さ方向に沿って垂直に切断して側面視長方形状の鍛造材料71とする(ステップ１)。   First, as a raw material cutting step as a raw material cutting step, for example, a metal material (not shown) that is a square bar steel as a rectangular cross-sectional material having a square cross section of 6 m in length, 500 mm in width, and 300 mm in thickness. The forging material 71 has a length dimension b larger than the width dimension a of the metal material, for example, a length of 300 mm or more and 800 mm or less, and is cut vertically along the thickness direction of the metal material to have a rectangular shape in side view. (Step 1).

このとき、この鍛造材料71の長さ寸法を、この鍛造材料71の断面の長辺の長さ寸法ｂ以上、例えば１．５倍の長さとする。なお、この鍛造材料71としては、例えば軸受、歯車、台座リング用炭素鋼あるいは特殊鋼などの鋼材である。   At this time, the length dimension of the forged material 71 is set to be not less than the length dimension b of the long side of the cross section of the forged material 71, for example, 1.5 times as long. The forging material 71 is, for example, a steel material such as a bearing, gear, carbon steel for pedestal ring, or special steel.

この後、加熱工程として、この鍛造材料71が赤くなるまで、すなわちこの鍛造材料71が柔らかくなってプレス成形可能となるまで、この鍛造材料71を加熱する(ステップ２)。このとき、この加熱工程としては、例えば９００℃以上１３００℃以下の温度となるまで鍛造材料71を加熱する。具体的に、この加熱工程では、この鍛造材料の鍛造開始温度が例えば１２００℃以下となるように、この鍛造材料の加熱を制御する。   Thereafter, as the heating process, the forging material 71 is heated until the forging material 71 becomes red, that is, until the forging material 71 becomes soft and can be press-molded (step 2). At this time, as this heating process, forging material 71 is heated until it becomes the temperature of 900 ° C or more and 1300 ° C or less, for example. Specifically, in this heating step, the heating of the forging material is controlled so that the forging start temperature of the forging material is, for example, 1200 ° C. or less.

次いで、搬入工程として、図２および図３に示すように、この鍛造材料71を自動機械としてのマニピュレータ72にて搬送して、この鍛造材料71の長方形断面の長手方向の一端面である下端面73が平押し装置１の設置プレート３の設置面２上に接触するように、この設置プレート３の設置面２上に鍛造材料71を搬入する。   Next, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the forging material 71 is conveyed by a manipulator 72 as an automatic machine as a carrying-in process, and the lower end surface which is one end surface in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular cross section of the forging material 71 The forging material 71 is carried onto the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 so that 73 contacts the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 of the flat pushing device 1.

この状態で、四角加工工程としての正方形加工工程として、平押し装置１の加圧プレート５を下方に移動させて、この加圧プレート５の加圧面４にて鍛造材料71の両端面73,74を設置プレート３の設置面２との間でプレスして平面押しして、この鍛造材料71を高さ方向に圧縮するとともに幅方向に拡幅させて、一辺が幅寸法ａより大きく長さ寸法ｂより小さな長さ寸法Ｌの側面視正方形状に補正する(ステップ３)。   In this state, as a square machining step as a square machining step, the pressing plate 5 of the flat pushing device 1 is moved downward, and both end faces 73 and 74 of the forging material 71 are applied to the pressing surface 4 of the pressing plate 5. Is pressed with the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 and pressed flatly to compress the forging material 71 in the height direction and widen it in the width direction so that one side is larger than the width dimension a and the length dimension b. Correction is made to a square shape in side view with a smaller length dimension L (step 3).

次いで、この平押し装置１の設置プレート３の設置面２上の鍛造材料71をマニピュレータ75にて設置プレート３の設置面２上から持ち上げてから、屑除去工程として、この設置プレート３の設置面２上に沿って図示しない平板状の屑除去手段を移動させて、この設置プレート３の設置面２上に堆積している正方形加工工程で発生した図示しない鍛造屑を、設置プレート３の設置面２上から移動させて除去させる。   Next, after the forging material 71 on the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 of the flat pushing device 1 is lifted from the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 by the manipulator 75, the installation surface of the installation plate 3 is used as a waste removal process. The flat scrap removing means (not shown) is moved along the upper surface 2, and the forged waste (not shown) generated in the square processing step accumulated on the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 is removed from the installation surface of the installation plate 3. 2 Move from above and remove.

この後、図４に示すように、マニピュレータ75にて鍛造材料71を設置プレート３の設置面２上に搬入させて、この鍛造材料71を４５゜ほど回転させて、この鍛造材料71の一側面70のうちのいずれか一方の対角線Ａが上下方向に沿った状態で、この鍛造材料71の一側面70のいずれかの一つの角部78を設置プレート３の設置面２上に接触させる。   Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4, the forging material 71 is carried onto the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 by the manipulator 75, and the forging material 71 is rotated by about 45 °, so that one side surface of the forging material 71. One corner portion 78 of one side surface 70 of the forging material 71 is brought into contact with the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 in a state where one of the diagonal lines A of 70 is along the vertical direction.

この状態で、第１の八角加工工程としての六角加工工程である六角成形工程として、平押し装置１の加圧プレート５を下方に移動させて、この加圧プレート５の加圧面４にて鍛造材料71の上下方向に沿った対角線Ａの両角部78を設置プレート３の設置面２との間でプレスして平面押しして、この鍛造材料71を上下方向に沿った対角線Ａの両端部が他の辺より長い側面視六角形状の六面体にする(ステップ４)。   In this state, as a hexagon forming process which is a hexagonal machining process as a first octagonal machining process, the pressure plate 5 of the flat pushing device 1 is moved downward and forged at the pressure surface 4 of the pressure plate 5. Both corners 78 of the diagonal line A along the vertical direction of the material 71 are pressed between the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 and pressed flatly, and both ends of the diagonal line A along the vertical direction of the forging material 71 are A hexahedron having a hexagonal shape in side view longer than the other sides is formed (step 4).

この後、回転工程として、この平面視六角形状の鍛造材料71の両側面の中心部間をマニピュレータ75にて保持してから、図５に示すように、この鍛造材料71を別のマニピュレータ76にて側面視で９０゜回転させて、この鍛造材料71の回転前の水平方向に沿った対角線Ｂを上下方向に沿わせて、この対角線Ｂの一端部である角部78を設置プレート３の設置面２上に接触させる。   Thereafter, as a rotating process, the center portion between both side surfaces of the hexagonal forging material 71 in plan view is held by the manipulator 75, and then the forging material 71 is transferred to another manipulator 76 as shown in FIG. When the forged material 71 is rotated 90 ° in a side view, the diagonal line B along the horizontal direction before the forging material 71 is rotated along the vertical direction, and the corner portion 78 that is one end of the diagonal line B is installed on the installation plate 3. Contact on surface 2.

この状態で、第２の八角加工工程としての八角成形工程として、平押し装置１の加圧プレート５を下方に移動させて、この加圧プレート５の加圧面４にて鍛造材料71の上下方向に沿った対角線Ｂの両角部78を設置プレート３の設置面２との間でプレスして平面押しして、この鍛造材料71を側面視略正八角形状の八面体に仕上げる(ステップ５)。   In this state, as the octagon forming step as the second octagon forming step, the pressing plate 5 of the flat pushing device 1 is moved downward, and the forging material 71 is moved in the vertical direction on the pressing surface 4 of the pressing plate 5. The forged material 71 is finished into an octahedron having a substantially regular octagonal shape when viewed from the side, by pressing both corners 78 of the diagonal line B along with the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 and pressing it flatly (step 5).

このとき、この鍛造材料71の対角線Ｂに沿って各角部78間が加圧されることによって、この鍛造材料71の各角部78が加圧時に崩れて欠けるなどして、側面視略円形状になる。   At this time, each corner 78 of the forging material 71 is pressed along the diagonal line B of the forging material 71 so that each corner 78 of the forging material 71 collapses and is chipped when pressed. Become a shape.

さらに、搬出工程として、図６に示すように、この側面視略正八角形状の鍛造材料71をマニピュレータ75にて設置プレート３の設置面２上から搬出させる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the forging material 71 having a substantially regular octagonal shape when viewed from the side is carried out from the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 by the manipulator 75 as an unloading process.

この状態で、この設置プレート３の設置面２上に沿って屑除去手段を移動させて、この設置プレート３の設置面２上に堆積している六角成形工程および八角成形工程のそれぞれにて発生した鍛造屑を、設置プレート３の設置面２上から移動させて除去する。   In this state, the debris removing means is moved along the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 and is generated in each of the hexagon forming process and the octagon forming process accumulated on the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3. The forged scraps are removed from the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 by moving.

この後、搬入工程として、マニピュレータ75にて鍛造材料71を設置プレート３の設置面２上に搬入させて、この鍛造材料71の一側面70を設置プレート３の設置面２上に接触させた状態で、この設置面２上に鍛造材料71を据え込む。   Thereafter, as a carrying-in process, the forging material 71 is carried onto the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 by the manipulator 75 and one side 70 of the forging material 71 is brought into contact with the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3. Then, the forging material 71 is installed on the installation surface 2.

この状態で、図７(ａ)に示すように、据え込み工程としての潰し工程であるプレス平押し工程として、平押し装置１の加圧プレート５を下方に移動させて、この加圧プレート５の加圧面４にて鍛造材料71の両側面70,77間を設置プレート３の設置面２との間で平面押しして、図７(ｂ)に示すように、この鍛造材料71を薄くするとともに、この鍛造材料71の外径寸法を大きくさせる(ステップ６)。   In this state, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), as a press flat pushing process which is a crushing process as an upsetting process, the pressure plate 5 of the flat pushing device 1 is moved downward, and this pressure plate 5 The forging material 71 is thinly pressed as shown in FIG. 7 (b) by pressing between the side surfaces 70 and 77 of the forging material 71 with the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 on the pressing surface 4 of FIG. At the same time, the outer diameter of the forging material 71 is increased (step 6).

このとき、このプレス平押し工程によって、鍛造材料71の外周面79が一側から他側に向けて円弧状に湾曲した形状となるとともに、この鍛造材料71の各角部78に、この鍛造材料71の各辺の長さ３００ｍｍ以上４００ｍｍ以下に対して５ｍｍ程度の２％未満のコーナ部81が形成されて、ほぼ円形に近い八面体の円盤となる。   At this time, this press flat pressing process results in the outer peripheral surface 79 of the forging material 71 being curved in an arc shape from one side to the other side, and at each corner portion 78 of the forging material 71, this forging material A corner portion 81 of less than 2% of about 5 mm is formed with respect to the length of each side of 71 of 300 mm or more and 400 mm or less, resulting in an almost octahedral disk.

次いで、搬送工程として、マニピュレータ75にて鍛造材料71を平押し装置１の設置プレート３の設置面２上から、型押し装置11の設置プレート13の設置面12上に移動させるとともに、この設置面12の中心に鍛造材料71の一側面70の中心を位置させた状態で設置する。このとき、この鍛造材料71の一側面70の中心が設置面12に形成されている凸状部14の押圧面15の中心に位置している状態となる。   Next, as a transporting process, the manipulator 75 moves the forging material 71 from the installation surface 2 of the installation plate 3 of the flat pushing device 1 onto the installation surface 12 of the installation plate 13 of the embossing device 11, and this installation surface. It is installed in a state where the center of one side 70 of the forging material 71 is located at the center of 12. At this time, the center of one side surface 70 of the forging material 71 is positioned at the center of the pressing surface 15 of the convex portion 14 formed on the installation surface 12.

この状態で、プレス軸型押し工程として、型押し装置11の加圧プレート18を下方に移動させて、この加圧プレート18の押圧軸部19の押圧面21にて鍛造材料71の上側に位置する他側面77の中心を設置プレート13の設置面12および凸状部14との間でプレスして平面押しして、図８(ｂ)に示すように、この鍛造材料71の他側面77に加圧プレート18の押圧軸部19の押圧面21による押圧にて断面凹状である平面視円形状の凹みとしての上側凹部82を形成するとともに、この鍛造材料71の一側面70に設置プレート13の凸状部14の押圧面15による押圧にて断面凹状である平面視円形状の凹みとしての下側凹部83を形成させる(ステップ７)。   In this state, as a press shaft die pressing step, the pressing plate 18 of the pressing device 11 is moved downward, and the pressing surface 21 of the pressing shaft portion 19 of the pressing plate 18 is positioned above the forging material 71. The center of the other side 77 to be pressed is pressed between the installation surface 12 and the convex portion 14 of the installation plate 13 and pressed flatly, and as shown in FIG. An upper concave portion 82 is formed as a circular recess in plan view having a concave cross section by pressing with the pressing surface 21 of the pressing shaft portion 19 of the pressing plate 18, and the installation plate 13 is formed on one side 70 of the forging material 71. By pressing with the pressing surface 15 of the convex portion 14, a lower concave portion 83 is formed as a concave in a circular shape in plan view having a concave cross section (step 7).

このとき、この鍛造材料71の上側凹部82は、加圧プレート18の押圧軸部19の先端側に合致した形状、すなわちこの押圧軸部19の円周面部22の外径寸法に等しい内径寸法を有するとともに、この鍛造材料71の厚さ寸法のほぼ２分の１程度の深さ寸法を有している。さらに、この鍛造材料71の下側凹部83は、設置プレート13の凸状部14に合致した形状、すなわちこの凸状部14のテーパ面16の外径寸法に等しい内径寸法である上方から下方に向けて拡径した周面部84を有しており、この鍛造材料71の厚さ寸法の略４分の１程度の深さ寸法を有している。さらに、これら上側凹部82と下側凹部83との間には、鍛造材料71の厚さ寸法より小さな厚さ寸法の肉薄部85が形成される。   At this time, the upper concave portion 82 of the forged material 71 has a shape matching the tip end side of the pressing shaft portion 19 of the pressing plate 18, that is, an inner diameter dimension equal to the outer diameter size of the circumferential surface portion 22 of the pressing shaft portion 19. And has a depth dimension of about one-half of the thickness dimension of the forged material 71. Further, the lower concave portion 83 of the forging material 71 has a shape that matches the convex portion 14 of the installation plate 13, that is, an inner diameter that is equal to the outer diameter of the tapered surface 16 of the convex portion 14, from above to below. The peripheral surface portion 84 has a diameter that is increased toward the surface, and has a depth dimension that is approximately one quarter of the thickness dimension of the forged material 71. Further, a thin portion 85 having a thickness smaller than that of the forging material 71 is formed between the upper recess 82 and the lower recess 83.

この後、プレート交換工程として、鍛造材料71が設置プレート13の設置面12上に設置されたままの状態で、加圧プレート18が設置プレート13に対向する位置から外れた位置に回転移動されるとともに、この設置プレート13に対向する位置に予め設置されている平押し装置１の加圧プレート５が降下される。   Thereafter, as a plate replacement process, the pressure plate 18 is rotated and moved to a position away from the position facing the installation plate 13 while the forging material 71 remains installed on the installation surface 12 of the installation plate 13. At the same time, the pressure plate 5 of the flat pushing device 1 installed in advance at a position facing the installation plate 13 is lowered.

この状態で、拡径工程としてのプレス平押し工程として、図９に示すように、拡径装置31の設置プレート13の凸状部14にて鍛造材料71の下側凹部83を保持してガイドしつつ、この鍛造材料71の外周面79が拘束されていない状態で、拡径装置31の加圧プレート５を下方に移動させて、この加圧プレート５の加圧面４にて鍛造材料71の両側面70,77を設置プレート13の設置面12との間でプレスして平面押しして、図９に示すように、この鍛造材料71の厚さを薄くするとともに、この鍛造材料71の外径寸法を大きくさせる(ステップ８)。このとき、このプレス平押し工程によって、鍛造材料71の下側凹部83の周面部84が設置プレート13の凸状部14にて周方向に亘って保持されて平面押しされるので、この鍛造材料71の外周面79の形状がほぼ真円形状となる。   In this state, as a press flat pushing process as a diameter expanding process, as shown in FIG. 9, the lower concave portion 83 of the forging material 71 is held by the convex portion 14 of the installation plate 13 of the diameter expanding device 31 and guided. However, in a state where the outer peripheral surface 79 of the forging material 71 is not constrained, the pressure plate 5 of the diameter expanding device 31 is moved downward, and the forging material 71 is moved on the pressing surface 4 of the pressure plate 5. The both side surfaces 70 and 77 are pressed between the installation surface 12 of the installation plate 13 and pressed flatly to reduce the thickness of the forging material 71 as shown in FIG. The diameter is increased (step 8). At this time, by this pressing flat pressing process, the peripheral surface portion 84 of the lower concave portion 83 of the forging material 71 is held in the circumferential direction by the convex portion 14 of the installation plate 13 and pressed flatly. The shape of the outer peripheral surface 79 of 71 becomes a substantially circular shape.

この後、搬送工程として、マニピュレータ75にて鍛造材料71を拡径装置31の設置プレート13の設置面12上から、穴開け装置41の設置プレート43の設置面42上の環状突部45に鍛造材料71の下側凹部83を嵌合させ、この鍛造材料71の一側面70が設置面42上に接触した状態となるように、この設置面42上に鍛造材料71を搬送させる。   Thereafter, as a transporting process, a manipulator 75 forges the forging material 71 from the installation surface 12 of the installation plate 13 of the diameter expanding device 31 to the annular protrusion 45 on the installation surface 42 of the installation plate 43 of the drilling device 41. The lower recess 83 of the material 71 is fitted, and the forging material 71 is conveyed onto the installation surface 42 so that one side surface 70 of the forging material 71 is in contact with the installation surface 42.

この状態で、穴形成工程としての穴開け工程として、穴開け装置41の加圧プレート49を下方に移動させて、この加圧プレート49の穴開け軸部51の先端部を鍛造材料71の上側凹部82に挿入させる。このとき、この鍛造材料71の下側凹部83の周面部84が設置プレート43の設置面42上の環状突部45の外周面46にて周方向に亘って接触して保持されてガイドされていることにより、加圧プレート49の穴開け軸部51の押圧面52による鍛造材料71の上側凹部82内での下方への肉薄部85の押圧にて、図１０(ｂ)に示すように、この肉薄部85を円形状に抜いて、これら上側凹部82と下側凹部83との間を貫通させて、例えば直径数１００ｍｍの貫通穴86を形成させ、図１０(ｃ)に示すように、この鍛造材料71をリング状のローリング鍛造素材としてのリング鍛造材料87にさせる(ステップ９)。   In this state, as a hole forming step as a hole forming step, the pressure plate 49 of the hole drilling device 41 is moved downward, and the tip end portion of the hole shaft 51 of the pressure plate 49 is moved above the forging material 71. Insert into the recess 82. At this time, the peripheral surface portion 84 of the lower recess 83 of the forging material 71 is held and guided in contact with the outer peripheral surface 46 of the annular protrusion 45 on the installation surface 42 of the installation plate 43 in the circumferential direction. By pressing the thin portion 85 downward in the upper concave portion 82 of the forging material 71 by the pressing surface 52 of the punching shaft portion 51 of the pressure plate 49, as shown in FIG. The thin portion 85 is extracted in a circular shape and penetrated between the upper concave portion 82 and the lower concave portion 83 to form a through hole 86 having a diameter of several hundred mm, for example, as shown in FIG. This forging material 71 is made into a ring forging material 87 as a ring-shaped rolling forging material (step 9).

このとき、この鍛造材料71の上側凹部82の下端縁と下側凹部83の上端縁との間の肉薄部85が、この鍛造材料71の軸方向に沿って円形状に打ち抜かれて、この鍛造材料71が熱間ローリングミルリング材料としてのリング鍛造材料87となる。   At this time, the thin portion 85 between the lower end edge of the upper concave portion 82 and the upper end edge of the lower concave portion 83 of the forging material 71 is punched into a circular shape along the axial direction of the forging material 71, and this forging The material 71 becomes a ring forging material 87 as a hot rolling mill ring material.

この後、搬送工程として、マニピュレータ75にてリング鍛造材料87を穴開け装置41の設置プレート43の設置面42上から、リングローリング装置61へと搬送する。このとき、図１１に示すように、このリングローリング装置61の内周押圧軸62がリング鍛造材料87の貫通穴86に挿入されて、この内周押圧軸62の外周面63にてリング鍛造材料87の内周面88が押圧されるとともに、このリング鍛造材料87の外周面89に外周押圧体64の外周面65が当接されて押圧され、このリング鍛造材料87の一側面である上側面91に上面押圧体67の円錐面68が当接されて押圧された状態とされる。   Thereafter, as a conveying step, the ring forging material 87 is conveyed from the installation surface 42 of the installation plate 43 of the drilling device 41 to the ring rolling device 61 by the manipulator 75. At this time, as shown in FIG. 11, the inner circumferential pressing shaft 62 of the ring rolling device 61 is inserted into the through hole 86 of the ring forging material 87, and the ring forging material is formed on the outer circumferential surface 63 of the inner circumferential pressing shaft 62. While the inner peripheral surface 88 of 87 is pressed, the outer peripheral surface 65 of the outer peripheral pressing body 64 is brought into contact with and pressed against the outer peripheral surface 89 of the ring forged material 87, and the upper side surface which is one side of the ring forged material 87 The conical surface 68 of the upper surface pressing body 67 is brought into contact with 91 and pressed.

この状態で、ローリング鍛造工程としてのリングローリング加工工程として、リングローリング装置61の内周押圧軸62を平面視右回りに回転させるとともに、外周押圧体64を平面視左周りに回転させて、これら内周押圧軸62および外周押圧体64による押圧にてリング鍛造材料87を平面視右回りに回転させながら、上面押圧体67の円錐面68にてリング鍛造材料87の上側面91を押圧して保持しながら、このリング鍛造材料87をリングローリング加工して、このリング鍛造材料87の径寸法を徐々に、例えば１ｍ前後まで大きくさせて(ステップ10)、リングロール鍛造製品とする(ステップ11)。このとき、このリングロール鍛造製品としては、リング鍛造終了時のリング鍛造材料87の温度が９００℃以上となるように温度が制御されている。   In this state, as the ring rolling process as a rolling forging process, the inner circumferential pressing shaft 62 of the ring rolling device 61 is rotated clockwise in plan view, and the outer peripheral pressing body 64 is rotated counterclockwise in plan view. The upper surface 91 of the ring forging material 87 is pressed by the conical surface 68 of the upper surface pressing body 67 while the ring forging material 87 is rotated clockwise by the pressing by the inner circumferential pressing shaft 62 and the outer circumferential pressing body 64. The ring forging material 87 is ring-rolled while being held, and the diameter dimension of the ring forging material 87 is gradually increased to, for example, about 1 m (step 10) to obtain a ring roll forging product (step 11). . At this time, the temperature of the ring roll forged product is controlled so that the temperature of the ring forging material 87 at the end of ring forging is 900 ° C. or higher.

この後、このリングロール鍛造製品は、図示しない機械加工工程へと送られる。   Thereafter, the ring roll forged product is sent to a machining process (not shown).

上述したように、上記一実施の形態によれば、市場での建設機械や各種大型機械の増加に伴って、直径が数１００ｍｍから数ｍの大型軸受が増産されるようになり、従来手作業であった大型のリング鍛造材料の鍛造作業が技術の革新により加熱作業および鍛造作業のそれぞれを自動的に精度良く迅速にできるようになった。このことから、円筒棒鋼より低価格な四角棒鋼の切断体である鍛造材料71の正方形加工工程の前に、この鍛造材料71が赤くなるまで加熱した後に、正方形加工工程、六角成形工程、八角成形工程、プレス平押し工程、プレス軸型押し工程、プレス平押し工程、穴開け工程、リングローリング加工工程のそれぞれを介して、鍛造材料71からリング鍛造材料87およびリングロール鍛造製品を製造する構成とした。   As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, with the increase in construction machines and various large machines in the market, large bearings having a diameter of several hundreds of millimeters to several meters have been increased. The forging work of large ring forging material, which has been, has become possible to automatically and quickly perform both heating work and forging work by technological innovation. For this reason, after the forging material 71 is heated to a red color before the forging material 71, which is a cut body of square bar steel, which is less expensive than a cylindrical steel bar, the forging material 71 is heated until it turns red, and then the square processing step, the hexagon forming step, and the octagon forming step. A structure for producing a ring forging material 87 and a ring roll forging product from the forging material 71 through each of the process, the press flat pressing process, the press shaft die pressing process, the press flat pressing process, the hole punching process, and the ring rolling process. did.

この結果、この鍛造材料71をプレス加工する前に一度加熱するだけで、この鍛造材料71からリング鍛造材料87を介してリングロール鍛造製品を製造できるので、従来２回や３回程度必要であった鍛造材料71の加熱工程を、最小限の１回にできる。したがって、このリングロール鍛造製品を製造する際のエネルギコストを削減できるとともに製造時間を短縮できるので、このリングロール鍛造製品の品質の安定と加工時間の短縮を同時に成し遂げることができる。   As a result, a ring roll forged product can be produced from the forged material 71 through the ring forged material 87 by only heating once the forged material 71 before it is pressed. The heating process of the forged material 71 can be minimized. Accordingly, the energy cost for manufacturing the ring roll forged product can be reduced and the manufacturing time can be shortened, so that the quality of the ring roll forged product can be stabilized and the processing time can be shortened at the same time.

このとき、リング鍛造材料87を、正方形加工工程、六角成形工程、八角成形工程、プレス平押し工程、プレス軸型押し工程、プレス平押し工程および穴開け工程の計７回に亘ってプレス加工しているので、このリング鍛造材料87の強度をプレスの鍛造効果にて向上できる。さらに、これら正方形加工工程、六角成形工程、八角成形工程、プレス平押し工程、プレス軸型押し工程、プレス平押し工程、穴開け工程およびリングローリング加工工程をマニピュレータ72,75,76などにて自動化させたことにより、手作業に比べ高温での作業を容易にできるとともに、加熱後の一貫工程によって、リング鍛造材料87およびリングロール鍛造製品の品質を安定できるとともに生産効率を向上できる。   At this time, the ring forging material 87 is pressed for a total of seven times including a square processing step, a hexagon forming step, an octagon forming step, a press flat pressing step, a press shaft die pressing step, a press flat pressing step, and a punching step. Therefore, the strength of the ring forging material 87 can be improved by the forging effect of the press. Furthermore, these square machining process, hexagonal molding process, octagonal molding process, press flat pressing process, press shaft die pressing process, press flat pressing process, drilling process and ring rolling process are automated by manipulators 72, 75, 76, etc. By doing so, it is possible to easily work at a high temperature compared to manual work, and to stabilize the quality of the ring forging material 87 and the ring roll forged product and improve the production efficiency by an integrated process after heating.

また、八角成形工程にて鍛造材料71を側面視略正八角形状の八面体に仕上げた後に、プレス平押し工程にて鍛造材料71の両側面70,77間を平面押しして、この鍛造材料71を薄くするとともに、この鍛造材料71の外径寸法を大きくさせる構成とした。この結果、この鍛造材料71をより扁平にできるので、この鍛造材料71から製造されるリング鍛造材料87をより扁平にできる。したがって、このリング鍛造材料87のリングローリング加工が容易になるので、このリング鍛造材料87のリングローリング加工にて製造されるリングロール鍛造製品の製造性を向上できる。   In addition, after finishing the forged material 71 into a substantially regular octagonal octahedron in a side view in the octagon forming process, the forged material 71 is pressed flat between the both side surfaces 70, 77 of the forged material 71 in the press flat pressing process. 71 is made thin and the outer diameter of the forged material 71 is increased. As a result, since the forged material 71 can be made flatter, the ring forged material 87 manufactured from the forged material 71 can be made flatter. Therefore, the ring forging process of the ring forging material 87 is facilitated, and the productivity of the ring roll forging product manufactured by the ring rolling process of the ring forging material 87 can be improved.

さらに、プレス平押し工程にて鍛造材料71の両側面70,77間を平面押しして薄くかつ大きくさせるから、プレス軸型押し工程にて鍛造材料71の一側面70に上側凹部82を形成し、この鍛造材料71の他側面77に下側凹部83を形成した後に、プレス平押し工程にて鍛造材料71の両側面70,77を平面押しして、さらに薄くするとともに大きくさせてから、穴開け工程にて鍛造材料71の上側凹部82と下側凹部83との間の肉薄部85を打ち抜いて貫通穴86を形成させてリング鍛造材料87を製造する構成とした。   In addition, since the flat surface pressing between the both side surfaces 70 and 77 of the forging material 71 is made thin and large in the press flat pressing process, an upper recess 82 is formed on one side 70 of the forging material 71 in the press shaft pressing process. After forming the lower concave portion 83 on the other side surface 77 of the forging material 71, the both side surfaces 70, 77 of the forging material 71 are pressed flat in the press flat pressing process to further reduce the thickness and increase the size. The ring forging material 87 is manufactured by punching the thin portion 85 between the upper recess 82 and the lower recess 83 of the forging material 71 in the opening process to form a through hole 86.

この結果、鍛造材料71の中心部を一度に打ち抜いて貫通穴を形成する場合に比べ、この鍛造材料の上側凹部82と下側凹部83との間の肉薄な肉薄部85を打ち抜くだけで、この鍛造材料71をリング状のリング鍛造材料87にできる。したがって、この鍛造材料71に貫通穴86を形成する際の上側凹部82および下側凹部83内での肉流れや応力を少なくできるので、このリング鍛造材料87の中央部に形成された貫通穴86の内側に傷やバリなどをできにくくなる。よって、このリング鍛造材料87をリングローリング加工工程でリングローリング加工する際に、このリング鍛造材料87から製造されるリングロール鍛造製品の内周面などに傷やバリなどができにくくなる。   As a result, as compared with the case where the through hole is formed by punching the central portion of the forging material 71 at a time, the thin thin portion 85 between the upper concave portion 82 and the lower concave portion 83 of this forging material is simply punched. The forging material 71 can be made into a ring-shaped ring forging material 87. Therefore, the flow and stress in the upper concave portion 82 and the lower concave portion 83 when the through hole 86 is formed in the forged material 71 can be reduced, so the through hole 86 formed in the central portion of the ring forged material 87. It becomes difficult to make scratches and burrs inside. Therefore, when the ring forging material 87 is subjected to ring rolling in the ring rolling process, it becomes difficult to cause scratches or burrs on the inner peripheral surface of the ring roll forged product manufactured from the ring forging material 87.

また、幅寸法ａより大きな長さ寸法ｂを有する側面視長方形状の四角棒鋼の切断体である鍛造材料71の両端面73,74を正方形加工工程で平面押しして側面視正方形状に補正してから、この鍛造材料71を高さ方向に圧縮するとともに幅方向に拡幅させて、この鍛造材料71を六角成形加工および八角成形加工する構成とした。この結果、幅寸法ａが小さく細い金属材料であっても、この金属材料を正方形加工工程で加工して側面視正方形状に補正することにより、この金属材料から一辺の長さ寸法がより大きな側面視正方形状の鍛造材料71を製造できるとともに、鍛造比率の増加にて鍛造材料71の強度を向上できる。したがって、幅寸法ａが小さく細い金属材料からより大きなリング鍛造材料87を製造できるので、このリング鍛造材料87の材料コストを削減できる。よって、このリング鍛造材料87の品質を落とすことなく低価格で製造できるので、このリング鍛造材料87の製造性を向上できる。   In addition, both end faces 73 and 74 of the forged material 71, which is a cut body of a rectangular steel bar having a length dimension b larger than the width dimension a, are corrected to a square shape in a side view by pressing in a square processing step. Thereafter, the forging material 71 is compressed in the height direction and widened in the width direction, so that the forging material 71 is subjected to hexagonal forming processing and octagon forming processing. As a result, even if the metal material has a small width dimension a, the metal material is processed in a square processing step and corrected to a square shape in a side view, whereby a side surface having a longer side dimension from the metal material. The forged material 71 having a square shape can be manufactured, and the strength of the forged material 71 can be improved by increasing the forging ratio. Accordingly, since a larger ring forging material 87 can be manufactured from a thin metal material having a small width dimension a, the material cost of the ring forging material 87 can be reduced. Therefore, since the ring forging material 87 can be manufactured at a low price without degrading the quality, the manufacturability of the ring forging material 87 can be improved.

さらに、プレス平押し工程で、設置プレート13の凸状部14にて鍛造材料71の下側凹部83を保持してガイドしつつ、この鍛造材料71の外周面79が拘束されていない状態で、この鍛造材料71の両側面70,77間を平面押しして、この鍛造材料71の厚さを薄くするとともに大きくさせる構成としたことにより、このプレス平押し工程によって、鍛造材料71の下側凹部83の周面部84が設置プレート13の凸状部14にて周方向に亘って保持されて平面押しされることから、この鍛造材料71の外周面79の形状をほぼ真円形状にできる。   Further, in the press flat pressing process, while holding and guiding the lower concave portion 83 of the forging material 71 at the convex portion 14 of the installation plate 13, the outer peripheral surface 79 of the forging material 71 is not restrained, Since the forging material 71 is flatly pressed between both side surfaces 70 and 77 to reduce the thickness of the forging material 71 and increase the thickness, the lower depression of the forging material 71 is formed by the pressing flat pressing process. Since the peripheral surface portion 84 of 83 is held in the circumferential direction by the convex portion 14 of the installation plate 13 and pressed flat, the shape of the outer peripheral surface 79 of the forged material 71 can be made substantially circular.

なお、上記一実施の形態では、側面視長方形状の四角棒鋼の切断体を鍛造材料71としたが、この鍛造材料71を円形棒鋼の切断体とし、この鍛造材料71を加熱してから、プレス平押し工程、プレス軸型押し工程、プレス平押し工程、穴開け工程およびリングローリング加工工程することによって、四角棒鋼の切断体を鍛造材料71とした場合と同様のリング鍛造材料87やリングロール鍛造製品を製造できる。   In the above embodiment, the rectangular steel bar cut body having a rectangular shape in side view is the forging material 71. The forging material 71 is a circular bar steel cutting body, and the forging material 71 is heated and then pressed. Ring forging material 87 and ring roll forging similar to the case where forging material 71 is formed by cutting a square bar steel by performing flat pressing process, press shaft die pressing process, press flat pressing process, drilling process and ring rolling process process Can produce products.

本発明の一実施の形態のリング鍛造材料の製造方法を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of the ring forge material of one embodiment of this invention. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法の搬入工程を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the carrying-in process of the manufacturing method of ring forging material same as the above. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法の正方形加工工程を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the square process process of the manufacturing method of a ring forge material same as the above. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法の六角加工工程を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the hexagonal process of the manufacturing method of a ring forge material same as the above. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法の八角加工工程を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the octagonal process of the manufacturing method of a ring forge material same as the above. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法の搬出工程を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the carrying-out process of the manufacturing method of ring forging material same as the above. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法の潰し工程を示す図であり、（ａ）は潰し工程でのプレス状態を示す正面図で、（ｂ）は潰し工程でプレスされた材料を示す斜視図である。It is a figure which shows the crushing process of the manufacturing method of ring forging material same as the above, (a) is a front view which shows the press state in a crushing process, (b) is a perspective view which shows the material pressed by the crushing process. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法の凹部形成工程を示す図であり、（ａ）は凹部形成工程で用いる型押し装置を示す斜視図で、（ｂ）は凹部形成工程で形成された材料を示す断面図である。It is a figure which shows the recessed part formation process of the manufacturing method of ring forging material same as the above, (a) is a perspective view which shows the embossing apparatus used at a recessed part formation process, (b) is a cross section which shows the material formed at the recessed part formation process FIG. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法の平押し工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the flat pushing process of the manufacturing method of ring forging material same as the above. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法の穴開け工程を示す図であり、（ａ）は穴開け工程で用いる型押し装置を示す斜視図で、（ｂ）は穴開け工程でプレスされた材料を示す断面図で、（ｃ）は穴開け工程でプレスされた材料を示す斜視図である。It is a figure which shows the punching process of the manufacturing method of ring forging material same as the above, (a) is a perspective view which shows the die-pressing apparatus used at a punching process, (b) is a cross section which shows the material pressed by the punching process (C) is a perspective view which shows the material pressed by the drilling process. 同上リング鍛造材料の製造方法のローリング鍛造工程で用いるローリング装置を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the rolling apparatus used at the rolling forging process of the manufacturing method of ring forging material same as the above.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

45 係止片としての環状突部
51 軸体としての穴開け軸部
70 一側面
71 材料としての鍛造材料
77 他側面
78 角部
82 凹部としての上側凹部
83 凹部としての下側凹部
86 貫通穴 45 Annular protrusion as a locking piece
51 Drilling shaft as shaft
70 One side
71 Forging material
77 Other aspects
78 Corner
82 Upper recess as recess
83 Lower recess as recess
86 Through hole

Claims (5)

断面四角形状の材料を加熱する加熱工程と、
この加熱工程にて加熱された前記材料を、この材料の対向する角部間で平押して、この材料を断面六角形状にする六角加工工程と、
断面六角形状の材料の前記六角加工工程での平押しで形成された角部以外の対向する角部間で前記材料を平押しして、この材料を断面八角形状にする八角加工工程と、
断面八角形状の材料の両側面の中央間に貫通穴を形成して環状にする穴形成工程と
を具備していることを特徴としたリング鍛造材料の製造方法。 A heating step of heating the material having a square cross section;
Hexagonal processing step of flatly pressing the material heated in this heating step between the opposing corners of this material to make this material a hexagonal cross section;
An octagonal machining step in which the material is flat-pressed between opposing corners other than the corners formed by flat-pressing in the hexagonal cross-section of the hexagonal cross-sectional material, and this material is made into an octagonal cross-section.
And a hole forming step for forming a through hole between the centers of both side surfaces of the octagonal cross-sectional material to form an annular shape. 八角加工工程にて断面八角形状にされた材料を、この材料の両側面間で平押しする潰し工程を具備している
ことを特徴とした請求項１記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法。 The method for producing a ring forging material according to claim 1, further comprising a crushing step of flat-pressing the material having an octagonal cross section formed in the octagonal processing step between both side surfaces of the material. 穴形成工程は、
潰し工程にて平押しされた材料の両側面の中央部に断面凹状の凹部をそれぞれ形成する凹部形成工程と、
この凹部形成工程にて凹部が形成された材料の一側面側の凹部を保持した状態で、この材料の両側面間で平押しする平押し工程と、
この平押し工程にて平押しされた材料の一側面側の凹部を保持した状態で、この材料の他側面側の凹部に軸体を挿入して、これら凹部間を貫通させて貫通穴を形成して前記材料をリング状にする穴開け工程と
を備えている
ことを特徴とした請求項２記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法。 The hole formation process
A recess forming step for forming a recess having a concave cross section at the center of both side surfaces of the material flat pressed in the crushing step;
A flat pressing step of flat pressing between both side surfaces of the material while holding a concave portion on one side surface of the material in which the concave portion is formed in the concave portion forming step,
Inserting a shaft body into the recess on the other side of this material while holding the recess on the one side of the material flat pressed in this flat pressing process, and forming a through hole between these recesses The method for producing a ring forging material according to claim 2, further comprising: a hole making step for forming the material into a ring shape. 穴開け工程は、材料の一側面側の凹部を円環状の係止片にて保持した状態で、この材料の凹部間に貫通穴を形成して前記材料をリング状にする
ことを特徴とした請求項３記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法。 The perforating step is characterized in that in a state where the concave portion on one side of the material is held by an annular locking piece, a through hole is formed between the concave portions of the material to make the material into a ring shape. The manufacturing method of the ring forge material of Claim 3. 断面四角形状の材料は、断面長方形状に形成され、
この材料の断面の長手方向の両端面を平押しして、この材料の断面を正方形状にする正方形加工工程を具備している
ことを特徴とした請求項１ないし４いずれか記載のリング鍛造材料の製造方法。 The material having a rectangular cross section is formed into a rectangular cross section,
The ring forging material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a square processing step for flatly pressing both end faces in the longitudinal direction of the cross section of the material to make the cross section of the material into a square shape. Manufacturing method.
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CN102284673A (en) * 2011-05-15 2011-12-21 张家港海锅重型锻件有限公司 Manufacturing method of cross-shaped forging piece
CN102350474A (en) * 2011-08-19 2012-02-15 太原科技大学 Control method for hot forging structure property of Mn18Cr18N steel retaining ring
JP2016107276A (en) * 2014-12-02 2016-06-20 大同特殊鋼株式会社 Work-piece conveying device
CN105363981A (en) * 2015-12-02 2016-03-02 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 Method for forging formation of 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE forge piece
CN112846059A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-28 安徽省瑞杰锻造有限责任公司 Free forging process of bearing seat
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