JP2007205106A - Rotating mechanism and excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To excavate a noncircular excavation cross section, by providing circular and noncircular loci in the same center, while reducing rotational run-out and vibration of a driving system and reducing the driving system and design cost. <P>SOLUTION: This rotating mechanism has a central shaft 31 rotatably arranged around the predetermined fixed center line, a main blade member 211 extendedly arranged in the radial outward direction of the central shaft, a rotary shaft 33 rotatably arranged to the main blade member around the moving center line P parallel to the fixed center line, a sub-blade member 221 having the contour defined by a semicircular part of a semicircular shape and respective circular arc parts continuing by respectively forming the same circular arc from respective end parts of the semicircular part and fixed to the rotary shaft by aligning the rotational center G of placing a predetermined eccentric quantity (r) with the moving center line in the vertical direction to a diameter on the semicircular part side from the center of the diameter of the semicircular part in the contour, a driving part rotatingly driving the central shaft, and a rotation transmitting mechanism 34 rotating the sub-blade member four times in the inverse direction to one rotation of the main blade member. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotation mechanism that forms circular and non-circular trajectories at the same center, and an excavator that excavates the ground using the rotation mechanism.

  A general excavator is known in which a cutter head is rotated by a rotating mechanism and the ground is excavated by the cutter head. Such an excavator inevitably has a circular cross-section because the cutter head rotates about a predetermined center. However, in tunnel use spaces such as railways and roads, the required cross-sectional shape is often non-circular, and a non-circular railway or road space is constructed within the circular excavation cross-section. . For this reason, since excavation more than utilization space is performed, in addition to requiring a lot of land area, there exists a problem that construction cost increases.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, there is a square drilling device for forming a square hole in a workpiece by providing a cutting tool on a Rouleau triangle rotating body such as a Rouleau triangle and rotating the Rouleau triangle rotating body (for example, patents) Reference 1).

  In addition, there is an excavator in which a machining member is attached to a machining member rotation support device so as to be rotatable about its center, and the machining member rotation support device is attached to the machining member revolution support device. The processed member is provided with an excavation working surface by providing excavation blades at the apexes of substantially equilateral triangles concentric with the center and inward thereof. The processed member rotation support device is attached to the processed member revolving support device so that the center rotates at a radius ((1/2) / cos30 ° − (1/2)) times one side of the equilateral triangle. is there. And the drive means which revolves 3 times in the direction opposite to the rotation direction while rotating a process member is provided (for example, refer patent document 2).

  In addition, a circular arc centered on each vertex of the regular triangle and having the length of one side as a radius is drawn on the outside of each opposite side, and a cutter having an outline of a Rouleau triangle surrounded by these three circular arcs is defined as a rectangle. There is a rectangular shield method in which excavation is performed by rotating while revolving around the central axis of the shape skin plate. The eccentric distance of the rotation axis of the cutter with respect to the center axis of the skin plate is set so as to satisfy (L / 2) / cos 30 ° − (L / 2) (L: distance between vertices of the Rouleau triangle). The revolution number of the cutter is three times the revolution number, and the revolution direction and the revolution direction are opposite directions (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

  Furthermore, there is a free section shield method in which a main cutter excavates a circular center part of an excavation section and a plurality of planetary cutters excavate an outer peripheral part thereof. The planetary cutter revolves while rotating around the outer periphery of the main cutter as the main cutter rotates. This revolution trajectory can be arbitrarily changed by adjusting the angle of the swing arm provided with the planetary cutter. As a result, various excavation cross-sectional shapes, such as a rectangle, an ellipse, a horseshoe shape, and an egg shape, can be selected at the same center (for example, refer nonpatent literature 1).

JP-A-11-267950 JP-A-1-158196 Japanese Patent No. 2926125 Shield Construction Method Association, “Free Section Shield Construction Method”, [online], searched on September 16, 2005, Internet <URL: http://www.shield-method.gr.jp/pdf_data/jiyu.pdf>

  By the way, when digging into a non-circular, substantially rectangular shape using the rouleau triangle, it is necessary to rotate the rouleau triangle around its center of gravity and revolve the lureau triangle center of gravity around the center of the square. There is.

  In the invention of Patent Document 1, a shaft for transmitting the torque of the motor and a shaft at the center of gravity of the Rouleau triangle rotating body are connected by a universal joint. However, in this configuration, rotational vibration and vibration are generated in the drive transmission system, and in an excavator that requires a larger torque, the universal joint is expensive and the manufacturing cost increases.

  In the invention of Patent Document 2, a revolution device is configured by transmitting torque from a motor to a machining member by a crankshaft. However, cranking causes shearing force and bending moment to the rotating shaft member, which causes rotational vibration and vibration.

  In the invention of Patent Document 3, a revolution drive board is provided at the center of a rectangular skin plate, and a cutter rotation shaft is provided on the revolution drive board. A motor for rotating the revolution drive board and a motor for rotating the cutter rotating shaft are provided. However, since the motor for rotating the cutter rotating shaft is provided on the revolution drive board, it is necessary to design the wiring and pipes after careful examination. Furthermore, it is necessary to synchronize by adjusting the rotation speed and rotation direction of each motor. As a result, the design cost increases.

  As described above, although there is an application for a rotation mechanism that uses the principle of the Rouleau triangle to form a substantially rectangular locus, none of them realizes rational driving. Further, in excavators that require a large torque, a square frame requires a large space in the excavation hole, so a mechanism without a square frame is desired. Furthermore, there is no realization of a rotating mechanism that forms a polygonal locus including a rectangular shape and an excavator using the rotating mechanism, not limited to rectangular excavation.

  In addition, the method of Non-Patent Document 1 corresponds to rectangular or elliptical excavation, but in order to obtain a plurality of planetary cutters that revolve while rotating around the outer periphery of the main cutter as the main cutter rotates, It has a complicated structure using an arm. As a result, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention reduces the rotational shake and vibration of the drive system, and at a low cost, forms a circular and non-circular locus at the same center, and uses the rotation mechanism to achieve the same center. An object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of continuously excavating circular and non-circular cross sections.

  In order to achieve the above object, a rotating mechanism according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a central axis that is rotatable about a predetermined fixed center line, and extends radially outward from the central axis. A main blade member provided, a rotation shaft provided rotatably with respect to the main blade member about a moving center line parallel to the fixed center line, and the rotation extending in a radially outward direction of the rotation shaft A sub-blade member provided in such a manner that the projecting dimension from the tip of the main blade member changes with rotation of the shaft, a drive unit that rotationally drives the central shaft, and the rotation of the central shaft is transmitted as rotation of the rotational shaft. And a rotation transmission mechanism that rotates the sub blade member four times in the opposite direction with respect to one rotation of the main blade member. The sub blade member includes a semicircular semicircular portion, and a semicircular portion of the semicircular portion. Contours defined by each arc part that forms the same arc from each end. The center of rotation within the contour and having a predetermined amount of eccentricity in the direction perpendicular to the diameter from the center of the diameter of the semicircular portion to the semicircular portion is aligned with the moving center line. And

  An excavator according to a second aspect of the present invention uses the rotating mechanism according to the first aspect to support the second engaging portion and to arrange the driving portion inside the cylindrical trunk portion, A main excavation cutter in which a cutter is disposed on the main blade member, and a sub excavation cutter in which a cutter is disposed on the sub blade member.

  According to the present invention, by transmitting the driving force of the driving unit to the central axis, the central axis rotates about the fixed center line. For this reason, the main blade member provided on the central axis rotates around the fixed center line. Further, the rotation of the center axis is transmitted to the rotation axis by the drive transmission unit, whereby the rotation axis rotates about the movement center line. For this reason, the sub blade member provided on the rotation shaft rotates (rotates) around the movement center line. That is, the main blade member is driven to rotate around the fixed center line to form a circular locus, and the secondary blade member revolving around the fixed center line rotates to form a circular shape outside the main blade member. Make a trajectory to expand the excavation section. As a result, it is possible to obtain a non-circular locus in which the circular shape is expanded by a simple mechanism with a small burden on the sub blade member. Further, the drive system for the main blade member is a conventional rotation mechanism, and the auxiliary blade member drive system is supplementarily added to this rotation mechanism, so that a low-cost and highly reliable rotation mechanism can be obtained. it can. And if it is set as the excavator provided with the excavation cutter which provided the cutter in each blade member, the excavation hole of the non-circular excavation cross section which expanded the circular shape can be excavated. Compared with a general circular excavation hole, this excavation hole can be obtained by excavating only the use space without excavating unnecessary space, so it does not require more land area than necessary. In addition, construction costs can be reduced.

  In particular, the rotation transmission mechanism causes the sub-blade member to rotate four times in the reverse direction (rotation) with respect to one rotation of the main blade member, so that the sub-blade member forms a substantially square locus centering on the fixed center line. . As a result, it is possible to excavate an excavation hole having a substantially square excavation cross section.

  Furthermore, it has a contour defined by a semicircular semicircular portion and each circular arc portion that continues from each end of the semicircular portion to form the same arc, and the semicircular portion is within the contour. By using a sub-blade member whose center of rotation coincides with the moving center line with a predetermined amount of eccentricity in the direction perpendicular to the diameter from the center of the diameter to the semicircular side, an almost complete square excavation Can drill a cross-sectional borehole.

  That is, according to the present invention, the main blade member is driven to rotate around the fixed center line to form a circular locus, and the sub blade member revolving around the fixed center line rotates to rotate outside the main blade member. It consists of a rotating mechanism that forms a trajectory that extends the circular excavation cross section. As a result, it is possible to dig a non-circular excavation section such as a substantially square shape by a simple mechanism with a small burden on the sub blade member. In addition, the drive system of the main blade member is a conventional rotation mechanism, and the auxiliary blade member drive system is supplementarily added to this rotation mechanism, so that a low-cost and highly reliable rotation mechanism and excavator can be provided. Obtainable.

  Furthermore, since the main blade member is driven to rotate around the fixed center line, and the sub blade member is driven to revolve around the fixed center line, rotation by the rotation transmission mechanism that is the drive system of the sub blade member. The sub-blade member is driven to transmit a non-circular excavation section such as a substantially square shape, while the circular transmission section is excavated by cutting off the rotation transmission by the rotation transmission mechanism. Can be switched as follows. As a result, for example, one excavator excavates a circular excavation cross section of a railway tunnel, followed by an excavation of a non-circular excavation cross section such as an approximately square shape of a tunnel for a station platform. It is possible to continuously excavate tunnels with different cross-sectional shapes, such as excavation of circular excavation cross sections of railway tunnels, and to align all of the cross-sectional centers with the fixed center line.

  In addition, the main blade member is configured to extend radially outward from the central axis, so that the area of the cutter head that corresponds to the excavation surface does not become excessive, so a sufficient opening area for taking the excavated soil into the trunk is secured. can do.

  In addition, since the central axis rotates on the fixed center line without shifting its axis, excavation in which a circular drill such as a lock auger is provided at the tip of the central axis extending further forward can be used in combination. As a result, rock drilling can be performed prior to excavation, and the load on the main excavation cutter and the sub excavation cutter can be reduced.

  Further, since the central axis rotates on the fixed center line without shifting its axis, it is possible to reduce rotational shake and vibration. Furthermore, since a conventional universal joint is not required for transmission of rotation between the central axis and the rotation axis, the cost associated with the universal joint can be reduced. The rotation mechanism is a rotation mechanism that rotationally drives the main blade member around the fixed center line and revolves the sub blade member around the fixed center line. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced without using a complicated configuration using a swing arm as before. That is, the rotating mechanism (excavator) digs a hole having a non-circular excavation cross section such as a substantially square shape with a simple mechanism, so that failure is unlikely to occur and the reliability is high, and the cost can be reduced. .

  Exemplary embodiments of a rotating mechanism and an excavator according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view showing Embodiment 1 of an excavator using a rotating mechanism according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the rotating mechanism shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the axial direction (front direction), and FIG. Is a conceptual diagram showing a sub blade member, and FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavator includes a trunk portion 1 and excavation cutters 21 and 22. The body portion 1 supports the excavation cutter, and has a rotating mechanism 3 that rotates the excavation cutters 21 and 22 inside a cylindrical shape that forms an outer shell of the excavator.

  The rotation mechanism 3 includes a center shaft 31, a drive unit 32, a rotation shaft 33, a rotation transmission mechanism 34, a main blade member 211, and a sub blade member 221.

  The central shaft 31 is supported so as to be rotatable about a predetermined fixed center line O arranged along the front-rear direction of the body portion 1. The center shaft 31 is provided with a front end extending in front of the body portion 1, and a main blade member 211 is provided at the front end.

  The main blade member 211 is provided on the front outer side of the trunk portion 1 so as to extend perpendicularly to the fixed center line O in the radially outward direction of the central shaft 31. As shown in FIG. 2, the main blade member 211 is formed in a cross shape by combining two one-letter shapes extending in the opposite direction from the fixed center line O with the same length. The main blade member 211 constitutes the main excavation cutter 21.

  The drive unit 32 rotates the central shaft 31 and includes a drive source provided in the body 1 such as a motor. The drive unit 32 has an output shaft disposed on the fixed center line O, and the output shaft is connected to the center shaft 31. The drive unit 32 may have a speed reduction mechanism as appropriate between the drive source and the central shaft 31 although not shown in the figure. In a small mechanism, the central shaft 31 may be manually rotated.

  The rotation shaft 33 is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the main blade member 211 around a movement center line P parallel to the fixed center line O. The rotating shaft 33 is disposed so as to penetrate the main blade member 211, and a sub blade member 221 is provided at the front end that extends forward of the body portion 1. As shown in FIG. 2, two rotation shafts 33 are provided at each end portion of the single-letter-shaped main blade member 211 extending in the opposite direction from the fixed center line O.

  The sub blade member 221 is provided so as to be orthogonal to the movement center line P and extend in the radially outward direction of the rotation shaft 33. As shown in FIG. 3, the sub blade member 221 has a semicircular semicircular portion 221 a and an outline defined by each arc portion 221 b that continues from the respective end portions of the semicircular portion 221 a to form the same arc. And the center of rotation with a predetermined amount of eccentricity r in the direction perpendicular to the diameter from the center of the diameter of the semicircular part 221a to the semicircular part 221a side in the contour coincides with the movement center line P. It is. That is, it has a substantially tear shape with the top of the portion where each arc portion 221b intersects (it can also be called a raindrop shape or an acorn shape). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, when the radius of the semicircular portion 221a is b and the center of the arc portion 221b is on the diameter of the semicircular portion 221a and the radius is c, as shown in FIG. Is set to a range of b ≦ c ≦ 2b. When c = b, there is no circular arc portion 221b, and a circular contour is formed by overlapping two semicircular portions 221a. In addition, in the case of c = 2b, which is the basic shape of a teardrop shape (raindrop shape, acorn shape), the outline is a semicircular portion 221a with one side of the Rouleau triangle having the arc portion 221b as each side. For this reason, the sub blade member 221 rotates and moves as the protrusion dimension from the tip of the main blade member 211 changes with the rotation of the rotating shaft 33. The sub blade member 221 constitutes the sub excavation cutter 22.

  The rotation transmission mechanism 34 includes a first engagement portion 341, a second engagement portion 342, and a drive transmission portion 343. The first engagement portion 341 has a disc-like shape having an outer peripheral portion 341a centered on the movement center line P, and the rear end of each rotation shaft 33 so as to rotate around the movement center line P. Are fixed to each. The second engaging portion 342 has an outer peripheral portion 342 a centered on the fixed center line O, and is fixed to the trunk portion 1 by rotatably inserting the central shaft 31. The drive transmission portion 343 engages with the outer peripheral portion 341 a of the first engagement portion 341 and the outer peripheral portion 342 a of the second engagement portion 342 and transmits the rotation of the central shaft 31 as the rotation of the rotation shaft 33. The drive transmission portion 343 has outer peripheries 341 a of the first engaging portion 341 and outer peripheries of the second engaging portion 342 so that the sub blade member 221 rotates four times in the reverse direction with respect to one rotation of the main blade member 211. It consists of an endless member which hangs around and engages with the part 342a. The rotation transmission mechanism 34 in the present embodiment includes an endless member in which the outer peripheral portion 341a of the first engaging portion 341 and the outer peripheral portion 342a of the second engaging portion 342 are configured as sprockets and the sprocket is configured as a chain. The drive transmission unit 343 is engaged. In addition, the engagement of the outer peripheral portion 341a of the first engaging portion 341, the outer peripheral portion 342a of the second engaging portion 342, and the drive transmission portion 343 formed of an endless member prevents contact slip through a high friction material or the like. May be engaged.

  The main excavation cutter 21 is configured by providing an excavation bit (not shown) in front of the main blade member 211 provided at the front end of the central shaft 31. Further, the excavation cutter is configured by providing an excavation bit (not shown) on the front surface of the sub blade member 221 provided at the front end of the rotating shaft 33.

  Here, the dimension setting which concerns on the rotation mechanism 3 is demonstrated. As described above, the radius of the semicircular portion 221a of the sub blade member 221 is b, and the amount of eccentricity (the distance from the center G of the semicircular portion 221a to the center of the rotating shaft 33 (movement center line P)) r is r ≦ b. And set. 2 and FIG. 4, the diameter D of the outer peripheral portion 341a of the first engaging portion 341 is set to D ≦ 2 (br), and the diameter of the outer peripheral portion 342a of the second engaging portion 342 is set. Set to 4D. That is, by providing a drive transmission portion 343 of an endless member that is wound around and engaged with the outer peripheral portion 341a of the first engaging portion 341 and the outer peripheral portion 342a of the second engaging portion 342, the first engaging portion 341 The driving condition for rotating the sub blade member 221 four times in the reverse direction (spinning) with respect to one rotation of the main blade member 211 is satisfied without the outer peripheral portion 341a protruding outside the outline of the sub blade member 221.

  The excavator having the above configuration transmits the driving force of the driving unit 32 to the central shaft 31 in the rotation mechanism 3, so that the central shaft 31 rotates around the fixed center line O (for example, counterclockwise in FIG. 2). . For this reason, the main blade member 211 (main excavation cutter 21) provided on the central shaft 31 rotates (for example, counterclockwise in FIG. 2) about the fixed center line O. Further, the rotation of the center shaft 31 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 33 by the drive transmission unit 343, so that the rotation shaft 33 rotates around the movement center line P (for example, clockwise in FIG. 2). For this reason, the sub blade member 221 (sub excavation cutter 22) provided on the rotating shaft 33 rotates around the movement center line P (for example, clockwise in FIG. 2). At this time, the rotation transmission mechanism 34 described above causes the sub blade member 221 to rotate four times in the reverse direction (rotation) with respect to one rotation of the main blade member 211. This corresponds to the sub blade member 221 rotating three times in the opposite direction with respect to one rotation of the main blade member 211 in the absolute coordinate system fixed to the excavator.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the sub blade member 221 is the position most retracted from the tip of the main blade member 211, and the center G of the sub blade member 221 and the movement center line P from the fixed center line O They are positioned so as to be arranged on a straight line orthogonal to one side of a desired substantially square locus in order. From this state, the main blade member 211 is rotated counterclockwise once around the fixed center line O. At this time, the main blade member 211 forms a circular trajectory centered on the fixed center line O as indicated by a two-dot chain line.

  On the other hand, when the main blade member 211 is rotated once counterclockwise about the fixed center line O, the sub blade member 221 moves in the moving center line with respect to the extending direction of the main blade member 211 from the fixed center line O. 4 turns in the opposite direction around P. That is, in the process in which the main blade member 211 is rotated 45 ° counterclockwise to reach FIGS. 2, 5, and 6, the sub blade member 221 rotates 180 ° clockwise, and is most advanced from the tip of the main blade member 211. The center G of the semicircular portion 221a of the sub blade member 221 is located on a straight line connecting the fixed center line O and the movement center line P. Next, in the process in which the main blade member 211 is further rotated 45 ° counterclockwise from FIG. 6 to FIG. 8, the sub blade member 221 is further rotated 180 ° clockwise and is most retracted from the tip of the main blade member 211. The center G of the semicircular portion 221a of the sub blade member 221 is located on a straight line connecting the fixed center line O and the movement center line P. Next, in the process in which the main blade member 211 is further rotated 45 ° counterclockwise from FIG. 8 to FIG. 10, the sub blade member 221 is further rotated 180 ° clockwise and advances most from the tip of the main blade member 211. The center G of the semicircular portion 221a of the sub blade member 221 is located on a straight line connecting the fixed center line O and the movement center line P. Finally, in the process in which the main blade member 211 is further rotated 45 ° counterclockwise from FIG. 10 to FIG. 12, the sub blade member 221 is further rotated 180 ° clockwise, and the most from the tip of the main blade member 211 The center G of the semicircular portion 221a of the sub blade member 221 is located on a straight line connecting the fixed center line O and the movement center line P. In this way, the sub blade member 221 rotates four times in the opposite direction to one rotation of the main blade member 211, so that the corner portion has an arc shape around the fixed center line O as shown in FIG. It has a substantially square trajectory. As a result, by propelling the excavator forward (see FIG. 1), it becomes possible to excavate the excavation hole H having a substantially square excavation cross section with a slightly arcuate corner as shown in FIG. .

  The principle of the Reuleau triangle is used as the principle configuration for obtaining a substantially square locus. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing excavation trajectories in the absolute coordinate system of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. Here, a sub blade member 221 'having a circular shape with a radius b centered on the center G is used. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, while the main blade member 211 is rotated by φ / 3 around the fixed center line O (coordinates 0, 0) as viewed from the excavator, the sub blade member 221 ′ is moved along the movement center line. Around P, it is rotated once in the opposite direction to the main blade member 211 by φ. At this time, the coordinates of the center G of the sub blade member 221 that is separated from the moving center line P by the amount of eccentricity r are an absolute coordinate system in which the horizontal axis is the X coordinate and the vertical axis is the Y coordinate in the order of O, G, P. The rotation angle of the main blade member 211 from the position aligned on the straight line is φ / 3, and the following formulas 1 and 2 are obtained. From the geometric conditions of the Rouleau triangle, as shown in FIG. 13, the side length of the substantially square locus formed by the center G of the sub blade member 221 ′ is a ′, and the eccentricity r = 0. 0774a ′ is obtained. The amount of eccentricity r is preferably in the range of 0.06a to 0.07a, where a is the long side of the approximately square-shaped trajectory. Then, it is possible to adjust so that it may approach a circular locus.

  Here, the radius b of the sub blade member 221 ′ is equal to or larger than the eccentricity r (r ≦ b) and is aligned on the straight line of the fixed center line O, the center G, and the movement center line P. So that it does not protrude too much from the tip of the main blade member 211. When there is a movement center line P at the tip of the main blade member 211, b = r, but the dimension for providing the rotating shaft 33 is required, so the dimension to be implemented is b> r. In consideration of the dimensions for providing the rotation shaft 33 on the main blade member 211, the length (extending length from the fixed center line O) L of the main blade member 211 is L = 0.5a '+ b. That is, in the absolute coordinate system shown in FIG. 13, the four corners of the circular trajectory of the main blade member 211 centered on the fixed center line O are sub-rotations that rotate at a speed three times opposite to the main blade member 211. It can be seen that excavation is performed with the blade member 221 ′. In the coordinate system (moving coordinate system) in which the sub blade member 221 ′ is attached to the main blade member 211, the sub blade member 221 ′ rotates four times in the reverse direction (rotation) while the main blade member 211 rotates once. It corresponds to doing.

  From the above-described principle configuration, the contour of the sub blade member 221 in the present embodiment is set. When the sub blade member 221 is circular, the square side central portion is a straight line until the rotation angle (φ / 3) ≦ 30 ° of the main blade member 211, that is, the rotation angle φ ≦ 90 ° of the sub blade member 221. (Linear area shown in FIG. 13). If it exceeds this, linearity cannot be maintained and an arc-shaped locus is formed. Therefore, when the rotation angle from the movement center line P that is the rotation center of the sub blade member 221 is in a range of −90 ° ≦ φ ≦ 90 °, the outline of the sub blade member 221 is the semicircular portion 221a.

  On the other hand, when the rotation angle (φ / 3) of the main blade member 211> 30 °, that is, the rotation angle φ> 90 ° of the sub blade member 221, it deviates from the linear region. The contour of the sub blade member 221 is set so as to have a trajectory obtained by extending the straight line in the straight region even in the deviated range. For this reason, the outline of the sub blade member 221 is made to contact a straight line. Then, the rotation of the sub blade member 221 changes the relationship between the straight line and the center G of the semicircular portion 221a of the sub blade member 221, and this is added to the coordinate system fixed to the sub blade member 221 in FIG. To show. Note that FIG. 14 shows a straight line when the sub-blade member 221 is rotated by 15 ° with the movement center line P, which is the joint between the sub-blade member 221 and the main blade member 211, as the origin.

  As shown in FIG. 14, when the rotation angle of the main blade member 211 is 30 ° <(φ / 3) ≦ 50 °, that is, the rotation angle of the sub blade member 221 is 90 ° <φ ≦ 150 °, the tangent to the straight line It can be seen that the envelope is approximated by an arc whose radius is the diameter of the semicircular portion 221a, centered on one end B of the semicircular portion 221a. And the outline which defined the said circular arc as left-right symmetry becomes the said circular arc part 221b. When φ is further increased, the contour of the sub blade member 221 no longer touches the straight line. If the contour of the sub-blade member 221 is made to follow the envelope of the straight line (tangent), the contour of the sub-blade member 221 is in strict contact with the square side at φ ≦ 150 °. It can be said that it is an optimum shape as a square shape obtained by utilizing the principle of triangle.

  The rotation mechanism in the present embodiment is the same as the center of the square locus (fixed center line O) except that the center G of the semicircular portion 221a of the sub blade member 221 coincides with the square side central portion and the diagonal line, respectively. ), The rotation center (movement center line P) of the sub blade member 221, and the position where the contour of the sub blade member 221 contacts the square locus is not aligned on a straight line. Moreover, since the rotation mechanism in the present embodiment defines the outline of the sub blade member 221 based on a straight envelope defining a square shape in the coordinate system fixed to the sub blade member 221, the sub blade member 221 does not protrude from the square trajectory.

  FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing a trajectory when the sub-blade member 221 ′ having a circular outline is used, and FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram showing a trajectory when the sub-blade member 221 according to the present invention is used. In FIG. 15, the length of the main blade member 211 from the fixed center line O to the tip is 100 cm, the radius of the sub blade member 221 ′ is 20 cm, the eccentricity (r) is 12.5 cm, and from the fixed center line O The distance to the moving center line P is 92.5 cm. In this case, the obtained square locus has a side length of 200 cm, a linear area at the center of each side is 148 cm, and 26 cm at both ends (four corners) are not straight. On the other hand, in FIG. 16, similarly, the length of the main blade member 211 from the fixed center line O to the tip is 100 cm, the radius of the sub blade member 221 is 20 cm, the eccentricity (r) is 12.5 cm, and the fixed center line The distance from O to the moving center line P is 92.5 cm. In this case, the obtained square trajectory has a side length of 200 cm and has a square shape with almost no roundness at the four corners. As a result, the sub blade member 221 according to the present embodiment can obtain a substantially complete trajectory (excavation hole H) with respect to the sub blade member 221 ′ having the circular contour shown in FIG. Become.

  As described above, the rotation mechanism 3 (excavator) in the above-described embodiment extends in the radially outward direction of the center shaft 31 provided so as to be rotatable about a predetermined fixed center line O. The provided main blade member 211 (main excavation cutter 21), the rotation shaft 33 provided to be rotatable with respect to the main blade member 211 around the movement center line P parallel to the fixed center line O, and the diameter of the rotation shaft 33 The auxiliary blade member 221 (sub-excavation cutter 22) provided in such a manner that the protruding dimension from the tip of the main blade member 211 changes in accordance with the rotation of the rotary shaft 33 extending outwardly, and the central shaft 31 are driven to rotate. The drive unit 32 and a rotation transmission mechanism 34 that transmits one rotation of the central shaft 31 as four rotations in the reverse direction of the rotation shaft 33 are provided.

  Then, by transmitting the driving force of the driving unit 32 to the central axis 31, the central axis 31 rotates around the fixed center line O. For this reason, the main blade member 211 provided on the central shaft 31 rotates around the fixed center line O. Further, the rotation of the central shaft 31 is transmitted to the rotational shaft 33 by the drive transmission unit 343, so that the rotational shaft 33 rotates in the direction opposite to the central shaft 31 around the movement center line P. For this reason, the sub blade member 221 provided on the rotating shaft 33 rotates in the direction opposite to the main blade member 211 around the movement center line P. At this time, the rotation transmission mechanism 34 rotates the sub blade member 221 four times in the reverse direction with respect to one rotation of the main blade member 211. For this reason, the main blade member 211 forms a circular locus centered on the fixed center line O, and the sub blade member 221 forms a substantially square locus centering on the fixed center line O. As a result, the excavation hole H having an approximately square excavation cross section can be excavated.

  That is, the main blade member 211 is driven to rotate around the fixed center line O to excavate a circular excavation section, and the sub blade member 221 revolving around the fixed center line O rotates to rotate the main blade. The rotation mechanism is configured to excavate a substantially square excavation cross section so as to expand the circular excavation cross section outside the member 211. As a result, it is possible to dig a substantially square shape by a simple mechanism that places a small burden on the sub blade member 221. The drive system for the main blade member 211 is a conventional rotation mechanism, and the drive system for the auxiliary blade member 221 is supplementarily added to the rotation mechanism. It is possible to get a chance.

  Further, the sub blade member 221 has a contour defined by a semicircular semicircular portion 221a and arc portions 221b that continue from the respective end portions of the semicircular portion 221a to form the same arc. The rotation center G within the contour and having a predetermined amount of eccentricity r in the direction perpendicular to the diameter from the center of the diameter of the semicircular portion 221a to the semicircular portion 221a side coincides with the movement center line P. As a result, it is possible to obtain a substantially complete locus (excavation hole H) with respect to the circular sub blade member 221 '(see FIG. 15).

  Further, since the auxiliary blade member 221 rotates around the fixed center line O and the secondary blade member 221 revolving around the fixed center line O rotates, the drive system of the auxiliary blade member 221 The sub blade member 221 is driven by transmitting rotation by a certain rotation transmission mechanism 34 to excavate a substantially square excavation section, while the circular transmission section by cutting off the rotation transmission by the rotation transmission mechanism 34. It is possible to switch to drilling. As a result, for example, a circular excavation section of the railway tunnel is excavated by one excavator, and then an approximately square excavation section of the tunnel for the station platform is excavated, and then the circular section of the railway tunnel is continued. It is possible to continuously excavate tunnels having different cross-sectional shapes, such as excavation of the excavation cross section having a shape, and the center of the cross-section can be aligned with the fixed center line O.

  Further, by adjusting the phase angle of the sub blade member 221 with respect to the main blade member 211, the direction of the square side can be freely set. Here, the phase angle refers to the main blade member 211 and the sub blade member 221 with respect to the vector from the rotation axis 33 (movement center line P) that joins the main blade member 211 and the sub blade member 221 to the fixed center line O. Is a rotation angle of a vector from the rotation axis 33 (moving center line P) to the center G of the sub blade member 221, and the direction in which the rotation angle is 0 is the direction of one side of the square.

  Further, since the main blade member 211 is arranged in a cross shape, the area of the cutter head corresponding to the excavation surface does not become excessive, so that a sufficient opening area for taking the excavated soil into the trunk portion 1 can be secured. it can.

  Further, since the center axis 31 rotates on the fixed center line O without shifting its axis, excavation provided with a circular drill such as a lock auger at the front end of the center axis 31 extended further forward can be used together. it can. As a result, rock drilling can be performed prior to excavation, and the load on the main excavation cutter 21 and the sub excavation cutter 22 can be reduced.

  The rotating mechanism 3 is configured to rotate the main blade member 211 around the fixed center line O and to rotate the sub blade member 221 around the moving center line P with respect to the main blade member 211. is there. For this reason, it is not necessary to support and rotate the axis of the Rouleau triangle in a square frame having one side of the outer width of the Rouleau triangle so as to form a conventional approximately square locus. That is, a frame is not necessary. For this reason, it becomes possible to form the outline of the body part 1 of an excavator small in front view with respect to the cross-sectional shape of the excavated drill hole H. As a result, since the trunk portion 1 can pass through the excavation hole H that the excavation cutter has excavated in advance, an excavator that excavates the excavation hole H having an approximately square excavation cross section can be obtained. Furthermore, since the center axis 31 rotates on the fixed center line O without shifting its axis, it is possible to reduce rotational shake and vibration. In addition, since it is not necessary to use a universal joint prior to transmission of rotation between the central shaft 31 and the rotary shaft 33, it is possible to reduce the cost of the universal joint. The rotation mechanism 3 is a rotation mechanism that rotationally drives the main blade member 211 about the fixed center line O and revolves the sub blade member 221 about the fixed center line O. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost without using a complicated configuration using a swing arm as before. That is, since the rotation mechanism 3 (excavator) digs the excavation hole H having a substantially square excavation cross section with a simple mechanism, failure is unlikely to occur, the reliability is high, and the cost can be reduced.

  17 and 18 show other examples of the rotation transmission mechanism 34. FIG. The rotation transmission mechanism 34 here includes a first engagement portion 341, a second engagement portion 342, and a drive transmission portion 345. The first engagement portion 341 has a disc-like shape having an outer peripheral portion 341a centered on the movement center line P, and the rear end of each rotation shaft 33 so as to rotate around the movement center line P. Are fixed to each. The second engaging portion 342 has an outer peripheral portion 342 a centered on the fixed center line O, and is fixed to the trunk portion 1 by rotatably inserting the central shaft 31. The drive transmission portion 345 engages with the outer peripheral portion 341 a of the first engagement portion 341 and the outer peripheral portion 342 a of the second engagement portion 342 and transmits the rotation of the central shaft 31 as the rotation of the rotation shaft 33. The drive transmission unit 345 includes a rotation shaft 345A and a third engagement unit 345B. The rotation shaft 345A is rotatably provided on the main blade member 211 around a center line S parallel to the fixed center line O and the movement center line P. The rotating shaft 345 </ b> A is provided with a rear end penetrating the main blade member 211 extending behind the main blade member 211. As shown in FIG. 18, two rotation shafts 345A are provided on a single-letter main blade member 211 extending in a direction opposite to the fixed center line O. The third engaging portion 345B is formed in a disc shape having an outer peripheral portion 345Ba with the center line S as the center, and is arranged at the rear end of each rotating shaft 345A so as to rotate around the center line S. It is fixed. In the third engaging portion 345B, the outer peripheral portion 345Ba is engaged with the outer peripheral portion 341a of the first engaging portion 341 and the outer peripheral portion 342a of the second engaging portion 342 (for example, engagement by gear meshing). . In addition, the engagement of the outer peripheral portion 341a of the first engaging portion 341, the outer peripheral portion 342a of the second engaging portion 342, and the outer peripheral portion 345Ba of the third engaging portion 345B prevents contact slip through a high friction material or the like. May be engaged.

  Even in such other rotation transmission mechanism 34, as in the above-described rotation transmission mechanism 34, the sub blade member 221 provided on the rotation shaft 33 is opposite to the main blade member 211 around the movement center line P. The sub blade member 221 is rotated four times in the reverse direction with respect to one rotation of the main blade member 211. That is, the main blade member 211 has a circular trajectory centered on the fixed center line O, the sub-blade member 221 has a substantially square trajectory centered on the fixed center line O, and has a substantially square excavation cross section. The excavation hole H can be dug.

  By the way, in the excavator having the above-described configuration, a plurality of center shafts 31 are arranged side by side, and the positions of the adjacent excavation cutters are set to the axis of the fixed centerline O in such a manner that the rotation trajectories of the adjacent excavation cutters overlap in front view Arrange by shifting in the direction. If comprised in this way, it becomes possible to obtain the excavation hole of the substantially rectangular excavation cross section which continued the substantially square excavation cross section in series. Further, when a plurality of the central shafts 31 are arranged side by side and arranged so that the rotation trajectories of the adjacent excavation cutters overlap in front view, the adjacent excavation cutters are arranged in the axial direction of the fixed center line O on the same plane. The adjacent central shafts 31 are rotationally driven in the opposite direction while being arranged in the same direction, and a phase difference of, for example, 45 ° is provided in the rotation mechanism so that the excavation cutter does not interfere. Further, similarly, it is possible to obtain a drilling hole having a drilling section in which a conventional circular drilling section and a substantially square drilling section are continuously connected.

  In the above-described embodiment, the rotating mechanism 3 having a substantially square trajectory and the excavator for obtaining a drilling hole having a substantially square excavation cross section have been described. The excavator can obtain a rotation mechanism that forms a polygonal locus and an excavation hole having a substantially regular polygonal excavation section. Specifically, when the locus and the excavation hole have a substantially regular n-square shape (n ≧ 3), the sub blade member is rotated at a speed (n−1) times in the opposite direction to the main blade member in the absolute coordinate system. . About the amount of eccentricity, it calculates | requires suitably from the dimension of the desired regular n square.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the rotation mechanism 3 is applied to an excavator has been described. However, the rotation mechanism 3 is not limited to the excavator. For example, as another use of the rotating mechanism 3 having a substantially rectangular trajectory, it is used for excavation of a substantially rectangular excavation section with an underground continuous wall or the like, or ground improvement in which a hardening material such as cement is injected into the ground. Various uses are conceivable, such as when the ground is kneaded and stirred together with a hardener, used for cutting a substantially rectangular shape of a workpiece, or used for stirring a kneaded product other than the ground. That is, when the rotation mechanism 3 is used for ground improvement or kneading and stirring, each blade member becomes a stirring blade. Further, when the rotating mechanism 3 is used for cutting, a cutting blade is provided on each blade member to form a cutting cutter. Therefore, excavation in the embodiment of the present invention is used in the meaning including stirring and cutting.

  In addition, since the rotation mechanism 3 in the above-described embodiment can obtain a substantially complete square locus, it can be used for a cleaning machine that cleans a corner portion. Here, “cleaning” refers to wiping with a brush, suction with a vacuum cleaner, or wiping with a rag. In other words, the rotating mechanism 3 is used for a mechanism that can be properly handled up to the corner by wiping a window glass of a building, a wiper to a windshield of a car, cleaning a floor, and the like. Further, it can be applied to, for example, coating or painting as a surface treatment operation. Also, in construction work, it can also be applied to the iron leveler after placing floor concrete.

It is a schematic sectional side view which shows embodiment of the excavator using the rotation mechanism which concerns on this invention. It is the conceptual diagram which looked at the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. 1 from the axial direction (front direction). It is a conceptual diagram which shows a sub blade | wing member. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the excavation locus | trajectory in the absolute coordinate system of a rotation mechanism. It is a conceptual diagram for setting the circular arc part of a sub blade member. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the locus | trajectory at the time of using the sub blade member of a circular outline. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the locus | trajectory at the time of using the sub blade | wing member which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic sectional side view which shows the excavator using another rotation transmission mechanism. It is the conceptual diagram which looked at the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. 17 from the axial direction (front direction).

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Body part 21 Main excavation cutter 211 Main blade member 22 Sub excavation cutter 221 Sub blade member 221a Semicircle part 221b Arc part 3 Rotating mechanism 31 Center axis 32 Drive part 33 Rotating shaft 34 Rotation transmission mechanism 341 First engaging part 341a Outer circumference Part 342 Second engagement part 342a Outer peripheral part 343 Drive transmission part 345 Drive transmission part 345A Rotating shaft 345B Third engagement part 345Ba Outer peripheral part a Substantially square side length b Sub blade member radius D First engagement part Peripheral diameter G Center of the semicircular part of the sub blade member H Drilling hole O Fixed center line P Movement center line r Eccentricity s Center line

Claims (2)

A central axis provided rotatably about a predetermined fixed center line;
A main blade member provided extending in a radially outward direction of the central axis;
A rotating shaft provided to be rotatable with respect to the main blade member around a moving center line parallel to the fixed center line;
A sub-blade member that extends in a radially outward direction of the rotary shaft and is provided in such a manner that the projecting dimension from the tip of the main blade member changes as the rotary shaft rotates,
A drive unit that rotationally drives the central axis;
A rotation transmission mechanism that transmits the rotation of the central shaft as rotation of the rotation shaft while rotating the sub blade member four times in the opposite direction with respect to one rotation of the main blade member;
The sub-blade member has a contour defined by a semicircular semicircular portion and each circular arc portion that continues from the respective end portions of the semicircular portion so as to form the same circular arc. And a rotation center having a predetermined eccentric amount in a direction perpendicular to the diameter from the center of the diameter of the semicircular portion to the semicircular portion side is aligned with the movement center line. Using the rotation mechanism according to claim 1,
A cylindrical body portion that supports the second engaging portion and has the driving portion disposed therein,
A main excavation cutter in which a cutter is disposed on the main blade member;
An excavator comprising: a sub-excavation cutter in which a cutter is disposed on the sub-blade member.

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