JP2007202424A - Culture soil for inserting igusa-rush seedling stock insertion and method for inserting igusa-rush seedling stock - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide culture soil for inserting an igusa-rush seedling stock solving the following problem: use of ordinary paddy-rice seedling raising soil as culture soil for the stock seedling enlarges resistant force in stock insertion and easily damages the root part of a young seedling and the seedling often falls down or the insertion posture of the seedling stock often gets into disorder because a large stock-insertion hole trace is made and left as it is on the culture soil surface just after stock insertion, when the young seedling stock is inserted in the stock insertion soil filled in a seedling raising box. <P>SOLUTION: The culture soil for inserting an igusa-rush seedling stock is obtained by drying soil containing 10-50% of clay and silt followed by crushing the soil to mainly consist of refined soil having a grain diameter of ≤2 mm, and adding sieved peat moss, coconut peat or bark compost having a grain diameter of ≤3 mm, or vermiculite having a grain diameter of ≤2 mm to the refined soil to produce the culture soil for inserting the stock. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a stock cutting soil for growing a seedling of a grass seedling on a soil surface of a seedling box, and a method for inserting the seedling, and reduces the stock insertion resistance and reduces seedling damage during planting. It is an accurate and stable stock insertion.

A technology for raising a seedling mat made of urethane foam instead of the soil soil surface in a seedling box, inserting a grass seedling into a stock insertion hole formed in the seedling mat, covering the soil and raising the seedling (for example, patent document) 1) is known.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-318848 (first page, FIG. 1).

  Raising grass seedlings is done by inserting young seedlings into the stock cutting soil filled in the seedling box. If soil for normal rice seedlings is used as the cultivation soil for this planting, the resistance at the time of planting is large, the roots of the young seedlings are easily damaged, and the planting surface immediately after planting is large. In many cases, the hole for insertion is left as it is, and the seedling support after the insertion of the stock is not sufficient, and the seedling posture often falls down or is disturbed.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a soil containing 10 to 50% of clay and silt is dried and then pulverized to mainly contain fine soil having a particle size of 2 mm or less, and sieved peat moss or coconut having a particle size of 3 mm or less. It is set as the grass seedling stock cutting soil characterized by mix | blending peat, bark compost, or vermiculite with a particle size of 2 mm or less to produce a stock cutting soil. Such plant cutting soil is strong in water retention, water permeability, fertilizer, etc., and has good fluidity by binding with clay, so the resistance received by the seedling part when planting is small, Smooth planting of grass seedlings. The soil cultivation surface at the time of planting is supported so that the stock insertion hole is immediately backfilled by the fluidity of this soil and the planting posture of the grass seedling is not disturbed. In addition, the fertilizer can be gradually supplied over a long period of time in the seedlings after the insertion of the stock to enhance the fertilizer effect.

  In a second aspect of the present invention, a seedling seedling insertion method is characterized in that the seedling box filled with the stock cutting soil is irrigated or immersed, and the seedling box is inserted after draining. When irrigating in the state where the planting soil is filled in the seedling box, or when this seedling box is immersed in a water tank or the like, the planting soil contains water and increases its fluidity. Increase. When a seedling is inserted into the stock cutting soil after this draining, the stock soil is moderately soft, so that the resistance of the stock insertion is small, and the stock insertion hole can be formed smoothly and easily. Immediately after planting, the stock insertion hole formed by planting is backfilled by the fluidity of the cultivated soil to support the planted seedling stock. Since the backfill soil of the stock insertion hole at this time has viscosity and soil tightness, the seedling inserted is supported and the supporting posture is stabilized.

  The invention according to claim 1 is easy to handle due to the moderately soft fluidity and viscosity of the stock cutting soil, reduces the soil resistance at the time of stock insertion, and causes little damage to the root of the grass seedling. Immediately after the insertion of the stock, the stock insertion hole around the seedling root formed in the stock insertion can be quickly backfilled and supported and stabilized without disturbing the posture of the stock insertion. In addition, the nutrient supply of grass seedlings is maintained well by the retention of the stock cutting soil, and healthy seedlings can be grown.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the plant cutting soil filled in the seedling box and irrigated is drained immediately after the irrigation, thereby having appropriate fluidity and viscosity. In addition to reducing the resistance of stock insertion due to soil cultivation, immediately after planting, the stock insertion hole around the root of the stock seedling is immediately backfilled, and the surrounding soil is quickly backfilled. It can support and stabilize the stock insertion posture.

  Based on the illustrated example, the grass seedling 1 is planted by planting into the soil 3 of the seedling box 2 before transplanting to the field, and after the seedling by this stock insertion, the seedling taken out from the seedling box 2 and separated. A plant is planted in a field by hand planting or mechanical planting.

  Here, the grass seedling stock cutting soil 3 according to the present invention is obtained by drying a soil containing 10 to 50% of clay and silt, and then pulverizing and sieving and selecting a particle size mainly composed of fine soil having a particle size of 2 mm or less. A peat moss of 3 mm or less, coconut peat, bark compost, or vermiculite having a particle size of 2 mm or less is blended to produce the stock cutting soil 3. Such a stock cutting soil 3 has strong water retention, water permeability, fertilizer and the like, and has good fluidity and viscosity due to the bond with clay. Smooth stock insertion. The stock insertion holes 8 are immediately backfilled on the three sides of the soil at the time of stock insertion so that the stock insertion posture of the grass seedling 1 is not disturbed. In addition, the fertilizer can be gradually supplied over a long period of time in the seedlings after the insertion of the stock to enhance the fertilizer effect.

  Further, the method for inserting the seedling 1 of the grass seedling 1 is characterized in that the seedling box 2 filled with the above-mentioned stock cutting soil 3 is irrigated or immersed, and the stock is inserted after draining. When irrigation is performed in a state where the seedling box 3 is filled in the seedling box 2 or the seedling box 2 is immersed in the water tank 4 or the like, the plant cutting soil 3 contains water and increases its fluidity. , Increase the tightening of the soil. When the seedling 1 is inserted into the stock cutting soil 3 after this draining, the culture soil 3 is soft, so the resistance of the stock insertion is small, and the stock insertion hole can be formed smoothly and easily. Immediately after the insertion of the stock, the stock insertion hole 8 formed by the stock insertion is backfilled by the fluidity of the soil 3 to support the seedling base 7 that has been inserted. At this time, the backfilling soil portion 9 of the stock insertion hole 8 has viscosity and soil tightness, so supports the grass seedling 1 to be stocked and stabilizes the stock insertion posture.

The composition material of such soil 3 and the specifications such as the capacity ratio are as follows. That is,
A: A fine soil containing 10 to 50% of clay and silt having a particle size of 2 mm or less.
B: Peat moss with a particle size of 3 mm or less C: Coconut peat with a particle size of 3 mm or less D: Bark compost with a particle size of 3 mm or less E: Vermiculite with a particle size of 2 mm or less Volume ratio of culture soil: A = 50 to 95%
B ~ E = 5-50%
Provisional ratio: 0.5 to 1.0
PH: 5.0-7.0
EC (electrical conductivity): 0.2 to 0.8 mS / an
Moisture: 10-30%
N-P-K: 80-150-80-1000-80-200 mg / L
Of these, the soil A was taken from natural mountain soil, and after drying the soil containing 10-50% of clay and silt, it was pulverized to screen the soil having a particle size of 2 mm or less. Is. Moreover, it can also process using a heating silo, a granulator, etc. for this fine earth A production | generation. Moreover, peat moss B, coconut peat C, bark compost D, or vermiculite E for blending with the soil A is mainly composed of the soil A thus produced, and one or two or more are blended. , Thru | or mix, and the culture soil 3 is produced | generated. Here, the peat moss B is composed of deposits such as drainage, sedge and kayak. Coconut peat C is a powder frame of palm. The bark compost D is obtained by composting bark such as conifers and hardwoods, chips, and the like. Vermiculite E is obtained by firing vermiculite. Such characteristics as the soil composing material materials B to E are lightweight and excellent in water retention, fertilizer retention, water permeability and the like for retaining moisture and fertilizer nutrients. Bark compost also retains trace element nutrients. These peat moss B, coconut peat C, and bark compost D have a particle size of approximately 3 mm or less, and vermiculite E has a particle size of 2 mm or less. And each volume ratio of these mixed soils is 50% to 95% of fine soil A, whereas the volume ratio of other peat moss B, coconut peat C, bark compost D, vermiculite E, etc. is 5 Set as ~ 50%.

  The soil thus produced is excellent in water retention, water permeability, fertilization, etc., and is in a state where it is easy to grow seedlings. Moreover, by reducing the weight of the soil and reducing the grain size, softening and immersing in water, it has moderate fluidity and viscosity, and reduces the resistance of strain insertion. While facilitating the insertion, the supporting force of the seedling base 7 after the insertion is increased. This strain insertion resistance was measured by a method using a push-pull gauge, and compared with conventional seedling culture soil for cell seedlings, seedling culture soil for paddy rice seedlings, and the like.

  The stock insertion resistance value of the stock for soil insertion 3 is 5 to 60 gf, and a stable support posture (upright state) of the stock insertion seedling 1 can be maintained. On the other hand, the resistance value of the conventional cell seedling culture medium is slightly hard at 60 to 120 gf, and the stem portion of the weed may be broken. Moreover, the resistance value of the paddy rice cultivation soil was 150 gf or less, and it was not possible to insert the stock at all. As a result, when this stock 1 is used for stock insertion, it has moderate fluidity, viscosity, and soil tightness as culture soil, and the stock insertion hole 8 immediately after stock insertion is quickly backfilled. This is done to maintain and stabilize the upright stock planting posture. In order to insert the seedling 1 of this grass seedling 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the seedling box 2 having a rectangular shape in plan view having a water passage hole 15 on the bottom surface is used. Fill culture medium 3. The seedling box 2 filled with the culture medium is irrigated, or immersed in a water tank 4 storing water 5 for a predetermined time, so that the water 5 is infiltrated into 3 parts of the culture medium. At this time, the cultivated soil 3 has softness and has a large amount of soil pores and soil air, but the water 5 permeates into the pores of the cultivated soil 3 by this immersion, and the soil air is vented 6. Thus, when the seedling box 2 immersed in the water tank 4 is taken out and a predetermined time elapses, water in the cultivating soil 3 is drained, and the cultivating soil 3 has appropriate fluidity, viscosity, and soil tightness. The seedlings 1 of the grass are planted and planted on the soil surface 3 of the seedling box 2 (FIG. 2). When the seedling root portion 7 of the grass seedling 1 is inserted into the cultivating soil 3 vertically from the upper side, the stock insertion hole 8 is formed in the soft cultivating soil 3. This stock insertion hole 8 portion is buried as a backfill culture soil portion 9 by the flow of the surrounding culture soil 3 immediately after the stock insertion, supports the seedling root portion 7 of the stock insertion seedling 1 and stabilizes the stock insertion posture.

  When cultivating soil 3 is stuffed using the seedling box 2 and the stock is inserted, the cultivating soil is filled to the same level as the upper surface of the seedling box 2. If irrigation is performed after that, the soil surface will sink 2 to 3 mm. Stock insertion is performed in this state. When the cultivated soil surface sinks due to irrigation, the cultivated soil 3 becomes moderately soft with moderate fluidity, viscosity, etc. in a state containing water. When the stock is inserted in this state, the stock insertion hole 8 generated on the surface of the culture soil 3 formed around the root portion 7 of the stock insertion seedling 1 is immediately backfilled, and the stock base portion 7 is supported by the backfill culture soil portion 9. . At this time, when it is difficult to sufficiently carry out the backfill cultivating section 9, a depth interval of 2 to 3 mm is generated on the upper surface of the seedling box 2, so it is also possible to cover the soil with additional culture soil. is there. By this covering soil, the stock insertion hole 8 part is filled, and the stock insertion seedling 1 can be stably supported. In addition, when irrigation is performed immediately after planting instead of this soil covering, the cultivated soil part 9 is easily backfilled around the root of the planted seedling 1 by this irrigation, and the supporting force of the planted seedling 1 can be increased.

  Although the said seedling box 2 is comprised in the rectangle which formed the vertical side 11 long with respect to the horizontal side 10 like FIG. 3, the stock insertion number of the stock insertion seedling 1 is an even number stock in the direction along the horizontal side 10. By setting the number of streak inserts at equal intervals, the design of the transplanter used when transplanting to Honda is facilitated. In addition, the grass seedling 1 often has new shoots 12 on both the left and right sides of the seedling root 7 as shown in FIG. 4, and the new shoots 12 are planted in a row direction along the vertical side 11 of the seedling box 2. . Since the sprout extends in the vertical direction along with the raising of the seedling, damage such that the sprout part is cut or separated at the time of transplanting can be reduced, and the lack of the strain can be prevented. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the stock planting seedling 1 is divided along with the raising seedling to increase the number of stems, and the plant height H1 grows and becomes long H2, but the portion that was the leaf tip T1 at the time of planting is In many cases, it becomes dead leaves T2 after raising seedlings. For this reason, the grass seedling 1 to be nurtured is cut Z from the site of the dead leaf T2 immediately before transplanting, and the leaf tip side portion T is removed. This prevents the seedling from being entangled or taken out at the time of transplantation.

  In addition, the soil 3 has a property that it does not shrink even if it is left for a long time and the water evaporates, so that even if a plurality of seedlings are planted in the wide nursery box 2, they are inserted by contraction of the floor. It is possible to prevent the seedling from falling and the posture of the seedling from deteriorating, and to grow the seedling satisfactorily. In other words, it is possible to easily obtain a mat seedling of grass by inserting seedlings in a mat shape in the wide nursery box 2, and the transplanting operation by the transplanter is also facilitated. Conventionally, in order to stabilize the posture of the seedlings inserted, the seedlings are planted one by one into a seedling pot or a hole for a mat-like flooring separated for each stock. In addition, the handling of the seedling pots, mat-like flooring, etc. is troublesome and the seedling cost is high, and there is a problem that the stock insertion work cannot be easily performed. In addition, since the seedlings that have been planted are nurtured on the cultivating soil 3 in the seedling box 2, they have good rooting and grow well compared to conventional seedlings that are mat-like flooring such as foamed resin.

  Further, when the seedling 1 is planted in the seedling box 2 and transplanted as a mat seedling 13 grown in a mat shape, the root hair 14 extending in the lateral direction on the bottom surface of the mat seedling 13 becomes a resistance and transplanted. Since it tends to be an obstacle, the root hair group on the bottom surface of the mat seedling 13 is cut and supplied to the transplanter. The seedling box 2 shown in FIG. 3 is formed with a water passage hole 15 and a laterally extending weed 16 on the bottom surface 17 to improve water supply / drainage and air permeability with respect to the culture soil 2 and to adjust the direction of elongation of the root hairs 14 group. I am doing so. Therefore, when the grass seedling 1 is also grown in the form of the mat seedling 13 and directly supplied to the seedling transplanting machine, the root root 14 is entangled and the cutting root is difficult to cut and separate due to strong cutting resistance. Is often not done smoothly. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the vertical root cutting 18 is previously performed on the bottom surface of the mat seedling 13 with the blade as described above. This root cutting 18 maintains the seedling planting separability satisfactorily.

  Next, based on FIG. 7, when the mat seedling 13 that has been planted in the seedling box 2 is taken out from the seedling box 2, the seedling plate 19 is used to remove the mat seedling 13 from the bottom face 17 of the seedling box 2. However, a cutting blade 20 for performing the root cutting 18 is provided on the seedling plate 19 so that the root cutting 18 is performed simultaneously with the cutting of the mat seedling 13. The seedling plate 19 has a handle 21, and inserts the bottom surface 17 of the seedling box 2 along the vertical direction perpendicular to the direction of the wrinkle 16 to separate the mat seedling 13 in the seedling state from the bottom surface 17. You can take firewood. The cutting blade 20 is formed in a hawk shape and has a handle 22 at the base. A slit-like groove 23 is formed in the vertical direction on the bottom surface of the seedling plate 19, and a cutting blade 20 is fitted along the groove 23. This cutting blade 20 protrudes from the groove 23 onto the seedling plate 19 surface, and can cut the root hair 14 extending in the lateral direction on the bottom surface of the mat seedling 13 to be cut off during the seedling action. The cutting blade 20 is configured to be removable with respect to the seedling plate 19 by operating the handle 22.

When the mat seedling 13 is raised by inserting the grass seedling 1, the stock insertion density can be set to be larger than the number of seedlings to be planted and separated by the transplanter to reduce the seedling missing stock.
The mat seedling 13 is supplied to the transplanter, and the seedling tank containing the mat seedling 13 is reciprocated in the horizontal direction with respect to the planting claws that perform seedling separation and planting operation at a fixed position. In the form in which the seedlings are planted and separated while feeding the mat seedlings vertically at the end, for example, the mat seedlings 13 are spaced by 12 stocks (rows) in the horizontal direction and 40 stocks (number of rows) in the vertical direction. When the seedlings are planted in this way, the transplanting machine for supplying and transplanting the mat seedlings 13 increases the feed amount for each intermittent longitudinal feed of the mat seedlings 13 in the seedling tank, and performs the vertical feed. Let it be performed 40 times or less.

  Further, mainly based on FIG. 8, whether the planting interval of the grass seedling 1 is the same as the vertical pitch Y along the vertical side 11 with respect to the horizontal pitch X along the horizontal side 10 of the seedling box 2, or This is a small setting. This can prevent a shortage at the time of seedling transplantation, and can facilitate adjustment of the amount of seedling taken in the vertical direction of the mat seedling 13.

The partial sectional side view which shows the raising seedling boxing state of cultivation soil. The partial sectional side view which shows the stock insertion state. The perspective view of a nursery box. The perspective view of the grass seedling part which shows the stock insertion state. The side view which shows the breeding state of the grass seedling. The perspective view which shows the mat seedling by which the grass seedling was raised. The perspective view of a seedling board and its front sectional view. The perspective view of the seedling box which shows a stock insertion state.

Explanation of symbols

1 Grass seedling 2 Nursery box 3 Culture soil 4 Water tank 5 Water 6 Degassing

Claims (2)

  After drying soil containing 10-50% of clay and silt, pulverized and pulverized mainly with fine soil with a particle size of 2 mm or less, sieved peat moss with a particle size of 3 mm or less, coconut peat, bark compost, or particle size A seedling seedling cutting soil characterized by blending vermiculite of 2 mm or less to produce a stock cutting soil.   A seedling seedling insertion method comprising irrigating or immersing a seedling box filled with the stock cutting soil and inserting the seedling after draining.

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