JP2007175661A - Method for selectively treating earth/sand and scraps - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for selectively treating earth/sand and scraps that is a treating method for separating scraps from earth/sand from a mixture of scraps such as rubble and the earth/sand generated on a construction site without any problems in clogging of sieves and reduction of recovered quantity of the earth/sand caused by attachment thereto. <P>SOLUTION: The method for selectively treating the earth/sand and scraps, wherein a treated substance containing the earth/sand and lime powder and/or cement are injected into a drum that is rotatably driven in the same direction, and are stirred and mixed, after the obtained mixture is released in the atmosphere, the earth/sand and scraps are sieved or the treated substance containing the earth/sand and scraps are released in a dry atmosphere, after a moisture content is reduced, the treated substance is injected into the drum that is rotatably driven in the same direction, the earth/sand and scraps are then sieved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sorting method for separating earth and sand and waste materials from waste generated at a construction site or the like.

  A large amount of waste containing earth and sand and waste materials is generated at construction sites and waste disposal sites. This waste is a miscellaneous mixture of various kinds of waste materials such as wood, plastic, stone, and metal, but having different sizes and shapes. Therefore, as it is, it is difficult to perform processing such as reuse, incineration, and landfilling of the contained material, and thus processing after sorting to separate the components is desired.

  For example, in order to reuse earth and sand contained in waste as land for improvement, it is necessary to reduce the ratio of waste materials in the earth and sand to a certain value or less. Become.

  As a method for selecting earth and sand and waste materials, sieving is conceivable, and as a sieving means, a trommel, a vibration sieving machine, or the like is known. Here, if coarse waste materials are included, it becomes difficult to put into the sieving means. Conventionally, the coarse waste materials are removed by manual rough sorting, and then the sieving means as described above are used. Thus, a method of sieving other waste materials and earth and sand has been performed.

  However, waste generated at construction sites and the like often contains moisture, and earth and sand are often sticky. As a result, the sieve is likely to be clogged. In addition, since earth and sand often adhere to the waste material due to moisture, the earth and sand and the waste material cannot be sufficiently separated by simply sieving with a sieve device.

  As a result, there has been a problem that the amount of earth and sand recovered as improved soil or the like is remarkably reduced, and it is difficult to reuse the waste material because the earth and sand are attached. In addition, earth and sand are also attached to coarse waste materials removed by rough sorting, and for this reason, the amount of earth and sand collected as improved soil is reduced.

  The present invention is a sorting method for separating waste material and earth and sand from a mixture of waste material and earth and sand generated at a construction site, a waste disposal site, etc., and is a problem of the prior art, namely, clogging of the sieve and It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for sorting earth and sand and waste that does not have a problem such as a decrease in the amount of earth and sand collected due to adhesion between earth and sand. Hereinafter, a mixture of waste material and earth and sand treated by the sorting method of the present invention may be referred to as an object to be treated.

  The problem is that the object to be treated containing earth and sand and waste material, and lime powder and / or cement are put into a drum that is rotationally driven in the same direction, and the object to be treated and lime powder and / or The present invention is achieved by a method for sorting sand and waste materials (claim 1) characterized in that the cement is stirred and mixed, and the resulting mixture is left in the air, and then the soil and waste materials are sieved.

  The present inventor made studies by paying attention to reducing the stickiness of the earth and sand by mixing the earth and sand containing water, lime powder and / or cement, and further, the earth and sand, the lime powder and / or The present inventors have found a method for efficiently performing cement mixing and subsequent drying treatment. And by this method, it discovered that the problem of the prior art in sieving of earth and sand and waste materials could be solved, and completed this invention of Claim 1.

  The above-mentioned problem is also that the object to be treated containing earth and sand and waste material is left in a dry atmosphere to reduce the moisture content, and then put into a drum that is rotationally driven in the same direction and stirred, and then the earth and sand. This can also be achieved by a method for sorting earth and sand and waste materials (claim 2), characterized by sieving the waste materials.

  When the earth and sand are left to dry in a dry atmosphere, the stickiness of the earth and sand decreases. However, by simply leaving it to dry, highly sticky earth and sand will remain in the material to be treated, and soil particles that will not be easily crushed and soil that will not be easily peeled off will be clogged. And problems such as a decrease in the amount of collected earth and sand cannot be solved. As a result of the study, the present inventor has confirmed that problems such as clogging of the sieve and reduction in the amount of collected sand can be solved by performing stirring in a drum that is rotationally driven in the same direction after drying by standing. The present invention according to the heading and claim 2 was completed.

  The present invention provides an invention having the following configuration as a more preferable aspect in addition to the aspects of the first and second aspects.

  The sorting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the object to be treated (in the case of the aspect of claim 2), or the object to be treated, and a mixture of lime powder and / or cement (of claim 1). In the aspect, the drum is inclined so that it is sent from the input port toward the discharge port (Claim 3).

  By adjusting the inclination of the drum, it is possible to adjust the time during which the object to be processed and the mixture of the object to be processed and lime powder and / or cement stay in the drum. Note that the preferable range of the residence time in the drum varies depending on the amount of moisture contained in the earth and sand, etc., so the optimum time is selected based on the amount of moisture and the drum inclination is adjusted based on that time.

  According to the earth and sand and waste material sorting method of the present invention, each of the waste material and earth and sand is recycled from the object to be treated which is a mixture of various waste materials and earth and sand, in particular, the object to be treated that contains moisture and the earth and sand are sticky. It can be easily sorted in a usable state. As a result, it becomes easy to reuse waste materials, and the amount of earth and sand recovered as improved soil and the like increases.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, this mode is an example of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this mode, and the gist of the present invention is impaired. It can be changed to other forms as long as it is not.

  First, the drum 1 that is rotationally driven in the same direction used in the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a front view of the drum 1, and FIG. 2 is a right side view of the drum 1.

  The drum 1 has a workpiece 2 and a lime powder inlet 2 at the left end in the length direction (lateral direction in FIG. 2), and has a discharge outlet 3 of a processed product stirred in the drum 1 at the right end. . A chain guide 4 is provided around the vicinity of the inlet 2 of the drum 1, and two roller guides 5 are provided at positions close to both ends.

  The two roller guides 5 are engaged with a roller 7 provided on the drum support 6. As shown in FIG. 1, the rollers 7 are provided on the left and right sides of the drum 1 and engage with one roller guide 5 on the left and right. Since two roller guides 5 are provided, a total of four rollers 7 are provided. The roller 7 is rotatably provided. Therefore, the roller guide 5 engaged with the roller 7 and the drum 1 fixed to the roller guide 5 are also rotatable.

  The chain guide 4 is engaged with the chain 8, and the chain 8 is engaged with the motor 9. When the motor 9 is driven, the chain 8 moves and the chain guide 4 also rotates. Since the drum 1 is fixed to the chain guide 4 and is rotatably provided as described above, the drum 1 rotates in one direction by driving the motor 9. In this example, the drum 1 is rotated by using the chain 8 or the like. However, a rotation shaft fixed to the drum is provided at the rotation center of the drum, and the rotation shaft is rotated using this rotation shaft instead of the chain. Other methods, such as the method of performing

  Blades and screws may be provided in the drum for more sufficient stirring, but these are not shown.

  A drum support base 6 on which the motor 9 and the roller 7 are provided is provided with a cover 10 for safety, and the cover 10 is supported by a support column 11. The drum support 6 is supported by support legs 12 provided at the left and right positions at the left end in the length direction of the drum 1 and support legs 13 provided at the left and right positions at the right end in the length direction.

  An adjuster bolt 14 is provided on the support leg 12, and the length of the support leg 12 is adjusted by the adjuster bolt 14 and the inclination of the drum 1 is adjusted. Usually, the drum 1 is inclined with the input port 2 side raised, and the processed material is transferred to the discharge port 3 side with stirring. The support leg 12 and the support leg 13 are provided on a carriage 15.

  FIG. 3 is a right side view showing the carriage 15 and the devices provided thereon. A support leg 12 and a support leg 13 are provided on the carriage 15, and the drum 1 is provided on the support leg 12, and a workpiece transfer conveyor 16 is provided on the input port 2 side of the drum 1. The discharge port 3 is provided with a conveyor 17 for transferring a processed material (a mixture of the object to be processed and lime powder), and the lime powder and / or cement is charged into the drum 1 in contact with the charging port 2. For this purpose, a lime powder inlet 18 is provided.

  Next, an example of the first aspect of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 4 a is a plan view showing the device shown in FIG. 3, that is, the carriage 15 and the device provided thereon. In the aspect of the first aspect, the object to be processed is first put on the object transfer conveyor 16 at a position indicated by an arrow A in the drawing. The workpiece transfer conveyor 16 transfers the workpiece in the direction of the drum 1 (the direction of the arrow A ′ in the figure), and the workpiece is introduced into the drum 1 from the inlet 2.

  Here, the object to be treated is a waste mixed with waste materials and earth and sand discharged from a construction site or a waste disposal site, etc., but the effect of the present invention is remarkably exhibited especially for a thing containing a lot of moisture. Is done. Waste materials are made of various materials such as wood, plastics such as PET, stone materials, metals, and the like, and usually have different sizes and shapes. In some cases, stones, concrete pieces, lump of residual soil or wall soil, tiles, metal pieces, wood pieces, plastic products and fragments thereof, cloth pieces, and the like are included.

  Lime powder and / or cement is charged and stored in the silo 19 of lime powder and / or cement at the position indicated by arrow B in the figure. The silo 19 passes through the lime powder transfer path 20, is stored in the storage hopper 21, passes through the lime powder input path 22, and is input into the drum 1 from the lime powder input port 18. The lime powder input path 22 is provided with means (not shown) for adjusting the input amount of lime powder, and input the lime powder according to the input amount of the workpiece and the operating state of the drum 1. The amount is adjusted. Note that the lime powder inlet 18, the lime powder transfer path 20, the lime powder input path 22 and the like may be used not only for lime powder but also for the input and transfer of cement, etc. The name uses only lime powder.

  FIG. 5 is a front view showing the storage hopper 21. As shown in FIG. 5, the storage hopper 21 is provided on a hopper support base 42, the outlet of the lime powder transfer path 20 is provided at the upper part of the storage hopper 21, and the inlet of the lime powder input path 22 is provided at the lower part. .

  Here, the lime powder is a powder of calcium oxide (quick lime), calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) or calcium carbonate (limestone), and commercially available lime powder can be used. Also, cement powder can be used instead of lime powder, or a mixture of lime powder and cement can be used. The particle size of the powder is not particularly limited, but the smaller the particle size, the greater the effect of facilitating sorting of earth and sand and waste materials. Although calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) is inferior to calcium oxide in terms of the effect of facilitating the selection of earth and sand and waste materials, it is usually used because it generates less heat and can be used safely, and commercial products are easily available. Calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) that is usually used for various purposes at construction sites and the like can be used.

  As described above, the drum 1 is rotatably provided and rotates in one direction by driving the motor 9. An object to be treated and lime powder and / or cement are charged into the drum 1 rotating in one direction from the charging port 2 and the lime powder charging port 18, respectively, and stirred in the drum 1 and mixed with each other. Is done. It is preferable to provide blades and screws in the drum 1 because stirring and mixing can be performed more sufficiently.

  The preferable range of the rotational speed of the drum 1 varies depending on the size of the drum 1 and the amount of workpiece to be processed, and is not particularly limited. Further, the preferable range of the rotational speed varies depending on the type of the object to be processed, for example, the content of coarse material, the ratio of earth and sand to waste material, the amount of water contained. When the size of the drum 1 is about 1.5 to 2.5 m in diameter and about 4 to 6 m in length, it is often selected from the range of 5 to 30 rpm.

The residence time of the object to be processed in the drum 1 and the preferable range of the feed amount (processing amount) of the object to be processed also vary depending on the size of the drum 1 and the type of the object to be processed. When the size of the drum 1 is about 1.5 to 2.5 m in diameter and about 4 to 6 m in length, and waste from a general construction site is treated, the drum 1 is selected from a range of about ^{30 to} 100 m ³ / hour. There are many cases.

  The mixing ratio of the material to be treated and lime powder and / or cement is also adjusted as appropriate according to the amount of water in the material to be treated. However, when processing waste at general construction sites, the material to be treated Lime powder and / or cement is selected from a range of about 1 to 30% (weight), preferably 5 to 10%.

  As described above, the drum 1 is preferably inclined so that the mixture of the object to be processed and lime powder and / or cement is sent from the inlet 2 toward the outlet 3. Depending on the angle of inclination, the residence time, the processing amount, etc., of the object to be processed and the mixture of lime powder and / or cement in the drum 1 are adjusted. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the angle of inclination is performed by an adjuster bolt 14 provided on the support leg 12. Due to this inclination, the mixture of the object to be treated and lime powder and / or cement is sent in the direction of the discharge port 3 and discharged from the discharge port 3 simultaneously with stirring and mixing. Usually, the inclination angle is selected from the range of 2 to 10 °, but the inclination angle may be outside the range.

  The discharged material to be processed and the mixture of lime powder and / or cement, that is, the processed material, is transferred in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 4A by the processed material transfer conveyor 17 and temporarily stored in the temporary storage 23. (Pile up). The processed material temporarily stored in the temporary storage place 23 is transferred to a processed material leaving place 24 shown in FIG. 4b using means such as a power shovel, where it is left for a while and exposed to air. Then, it is transferred to the sieving means using means such as a power shovel.

  FIG. 4 b is a plan view showing the treatment object leaving place 24. In the example of FIG. 4b, the treatment object leaving place 24 includes two sections (1) and (2). In the section (1), transfer from the temporary storage place 23 is performed, and in the section (2), Discharge and transfer to the sieving means.

  By providing a plurality of compartments in this way, it is possible to prevent a problem that a material that is not sufficiently left in the air is discharged even when the charging and discharging are performed simultaneously. After the discharge from the compartment (2) is completed, the input to the compartment (2) is started, the input to the compartment (1) is finished, and the discharge from the compartment (1) is performed after a predetermined leaving time has elapsed. Is started.

  Preferably, three or more sections are provided, and the processing object is charged in one section, the processing object is discharged in another one section, and the processing object is left in another one or more sections. In this way, it is possible to sufficiently leave the processed material without being affected by the input and discharge timings.

  The preferable range of the treatment time is not particularly limited and varies depending on the temperature of the treatment, the humidity of the atmosphere, and other environmental conditions, but it is often left for about 24 hours. It is preferable that the adhesion between the earth and sand particles is reduced, and the earth and sand lump is allowed to stand until the adhesion of the earth and sand is reduced to a degree of adhesion to the earth and sand grains with a force much smaller than human grip. If left untreated, problems such as clogging of the sieve are likely to occur in the next sieving step.

  The treatment product is preferably left in an environment where the treatment product is exposed to sunlight. Exposure to sunlight provides advantages such as shortening the time required for standing. In addition, it is preferable that the humidity of the atmosphere to be left (ambient air) is low because the time required for being left is shortened.

  A treated product left for a predetermined time (hereinafter referred to as a treated product) is transferred to a sieving means and sieved. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example of the sieving means. The treatment object is input to the sieving device 25 from the sieving device input unit 26, and sieving is performed.

  FIG. 7 is a left side view of the sieving means whose plan view is shown in FIG. The sieving device 25 is a sieving device loading part 26, a sieving 27 and a sieving 28, which are two-stage sieving materials, a vibrator 29 for applying vibration to the sieving 27 and the sieving 28, A discharge port 37, an upper discharge guide 30 having a steep slope for transferring the sieved matter discharged from the upper discharge port 37 by the action of gravity, a lower discharge port 38 for discharging the sieved matter on the sieve 28, A lower discharge guide 31 having a steep slope for transferring the sieved material discharged from the lower discharge port 38 by the action of gravity is provided.

  The sieving device 25 is supported by a support portion 32, and the support portion 32 is provided on a carriage 33. On the carriage 33, there is further provided a conveyor 34 for transferring the sieving material discharged from the bottom of the sieving device 25. In the middle of the conveyor 34, a waste material made of a magnetic metal such as iron is selected and removed. A magnetic separator 35 is provided. A conveyor 36 is provided at the outlet of the lower discharge guide 31.

  By operating the vibration exciter 29 in the sieving device 25, the sieving 27 and the sieving 28 are vibrated, and the processed material fed from the sieving device feeding unit 26 is sieved. Examples of the vibrator 29 include those that generate vibration by rotating an eccentric body.

  The sieve 27 has a larger mesh size than the sieve 28, and thus a large-sized waste material including a coarse material remains on the sieve 27. Most of the earth and sand adhering to the large-sized waste material including coarse materials is removed by stirring in the drum 1, but the earth and sand that could not be removed in the process is also vibration in the sieving process. Will remove most of it. Accordingly, the amount of earth and sand adhering to the waste material remaining on the sieve 27 is small, and it becomes easy to reuse these waste materials.

  The waste material remaining on the sieve 27 is discharged from the upper discharge port 37 to the upper discharge guide 30, and is transferred to a sieve storage 39 by the action of gravity and temporarily stored therein.

  The processed material that has passed through the sieve 27 is sieved by the sieve 28. The sieve 28 is a sieve having a mesh smaller than that of the sieve 27, and the waste material having a large shape remains on the sieve 28 because the waste material having a large shape has already been removed. Also for this waste material, for the same reason as described above, the amount of adhering earth and sand is small, and it becomes easy to reuse these waste materials.

  The processed material that has passed through the sieve 28 is small in shape, such as earth and sand, and is discharged onto the conveyor 34 from the bottom of the sieve device 25. The discharged sieving material is transferred by the conveyor 34 in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 6, transferred to the sieving material storage 40, and temporarily stored therein. The sieved material includes small iron members and the like, which are removed by a magnetic separator 35 provided in the middle of the conveyor 34.

  Although the sieving material stored in the storage place 40 is made of earth and sand, etc., the waste material contained is only fine, and since iron members are excluded, it can be used for landfill etc. as improved soil etc. It can be easily reused.

  The sieved material remaining on the sieve 28 is discharged from the lower discharge port 38 to the lower discharge guide 31 and is transferred onto the conveyor 36 by the action of gravity. The transferred sieving material is transferred by the conveyor 36 in the direction of arrow E in FIG. 6, transferred to the sieving material storage 41, and temporarily stored therein.

  The sieving means is not limited to the apparatus shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and for example, a trommel or the like can be used.

  Next, the aspect of Claim 2 of this invention is demonstrated.

  In this embodiment, the object to be treated containing earth and sand and waste materials is first left in a dry atmosphere to reduce the water content. The object to be processed is left in a leaving place similar to the treated object leaving place 24 shown in FIG. The target object to be processed, the means for transferring the object to be processed, the preferable structure of the processed object leaving place 24, the transfer to the leaving place, the discharge from the left place, etc. are the same as in the case of the aspect of claim 1. is there.

  Here, the dry atmosphere is in air with low humidity, but the lower the humidity, the shorter the time required for standing, which is preferable. The preferred range of the standing time varies depending on the temperature, humidity and other environmental conditions of the standing and is not particularly limited, but is often left for about 24 hours. It is preferable that the adhesion between the earth and sand particles is reduced, and the earth and sand lump is allowed to stand until the adhesion of the earth and sand is reduced to a degree of adhesion to the earth and sand grains with a force much smaller than human grip. Insufficient storage tends to result in insufficient separation of the earth and sand from the waste material even after the subsequent stirring step in the drum.

  The leaving is preferably performed in an environment where the object to be processed is exposed to sunlight. Exposure to sunlight has the advantage of shortening the time required for standing.

  The object to be processed which has been left to have a reduced water content is put into a drum which is rotationally driven in the same direction and stirred. As the drum and its peripheral device used here, it is possible to use the drum 1 used in the aspect of claim 1 and its peripheral device, that is, the devices shown in FIGS. it can. The method, conditions, and the like using this apparatus are the same as described above.

  In the aspect of Claim 2, the processed material stirred in the drum 1 and transferred by the processed material transfer conveyor 17 and stored in the temporary storage 23 is used as a sieving means by using a power shovel or the like. Be transported. The sieving means and the sieving of the processed product in the sieving means are the same as in the case of the first aspect.

  That is, the processed material is fed into the sieve device 25 from the sieve device feeding unit 26, and the sieve 27 and the sieve 28 are vibrated to perform sieving. Sorted into waste materials, earth and sand and small shapes. In the same manner as described above, they are transferred to the storage site 39, the storage site 41, and the storage site 40, and temporarily stored therein.

  The amount of earth and sand adhering to the waste material selected in this way is small, and it becomes easy to reuse these waste materials. In addition, since the waste materials contained in the selected earth and sand are only fine, and the iron members are excluded, they can be easily reused for landfill etc. as improved soil.

It is a front view of an example of the drum used by this invention. It is a right view of an example of the drum used by this invention. It is a right view of an example of the drum used by this invention, and its peripheral device. It is a top view which shows an example of the apparatus used by this invention, and a processed material leaving place. It is a front view which shows an example of the raw material supply apparatus used by this invention. It is a top view which shows an example of the sieving means used by this invention, and its periphery. It is a left view which shows an example of the sieving means used by this invention, and its periphery.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drum 2 Input port 3 Discharge port 4 Chain guide 5 Roller guide 6 Drum support stand 7 Roller 8 Chain 9 Motor 12, 13 Support leg 14 Adjuster bolt 16 Conveyor 17 to be processed 17 Conveyor 18 to transfer material Lime powder input 19 Silo 20 Lime powder transfer path 21 Storage hopper 22 Lime powder input path 23 Temporary storage area 24 Processed material leaving place 25 Sieve apparatus 26 Sieve apparatus input section 27, 28 Sieve 29 Vibrator 30 Upper discharge guide 31 Lower discharge guide 32 Support Section 33 Dolly 34, 36 Conveyor 35 Magnetic separator 37 Upper discharge port 38 Lower discharge port 39, 40, 41 Reservoir

Claims (3)

  An object to be treated containing earth and sand and waste material, and lime powder and / or cement are put into a drum that is rotationally driven in the same direction, and the object to be treated and lime powder and / or cement are agitated and mixed. Then, after the obtained mixture is left in the air, the earth and sand and the waste material are screened, and the earth and sand and the waste material are separated.   The material to be treated containing earth and sand and waste material is left in a dry atmosphere to reduce the moisture content, and then put into a drum that is driven to rotate in the same direction and stirred, and then the earth and sand and waste material are sieved. Characterized earth and sand and waste material sorting method. The drum is inclined so that the object to be treated, or the object to be treated, and the mixture of lime powder and / or cement are sent from the inlet to the outlet. The earth and sand and waste material sorting method according to claim 2.

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