JP2012176394A - Method for sorting waste - Google Patents
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- JP2012176394A JP2012176394A JP2011114200A JP2011114200A JP2012176394A JP 2012176394 A JP2012176394 A JP 2012176394A JP 2011114200 A JP2011114200 A JP 2011114200A JP 2011114200 A JP2011114200 A JP 2011114200A JP 2012176394 A JP2012176394 A JP 2012176394A
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本発明は、廃棄物の分別方法に関し、特に、含水率の高い土砂を含む大量の瓦礫等の含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物の分別方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for separating waste, and more particularly, to a method for separating waste containing particles having a water content such as a large amount of rubble containing earth and sand having a high water content and foreign matters.
従来、震災時に大量に発生する瓦礫は、被災地で発生した瓦礫を、集積地に集め、可燃物、不燃物等の分別作業が行った後、処理施設に搬出し、必要に応じて、破砕処理を行い、環境創造用資材、リサイクル製品、埋立資材等に有効利用するととともに、有効利用できないものは、必要に応じて、焼却処理された後、管理型処分場等で処理するようにしている。 Conventionally, a large amount of debris generated during an earthquake disaster is collected in an agglomerated area, separated from combustible and incombustible materials, and then transported to a treatment facility. We perform crushing treatment and use effectively for environmental creation material, recycling product, landfill material, and thing which cannot be used effectively should be incinerated if necessary, and then processed at a managed disposal site etc. Yes.
ところで、上記瓦礫の処理方法として、都市型の街区におけるビルの破壊跡等から発生するいわゆる瓦礫の処理方法として、例えば、特許文献1に開示されたような方法が提案されている。 By the way, as a method for treating the above-mentioned debris, for example, a method as disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed as a method for treating so-called debris generated from building destruction marks in an urban block.
しかしながら、今回の東日本大震災のような津波を伴う震災時に発生した瓦礫は、含水率の高い土砂を大量に含むため、被災地からそのままの状態で瓦礫を集積地に搬送することは困難であり、また、特許文献1に開示された方法では、大量の処理水及びその後処理が必要になることから、インフラストラクチャーが壊滅状態にある被災地では採用することが困難であった。 However, rubble generated during the tsunami such as the Great East Japan Earthquake contains a large amount of sediment with a high moisture content, so it is difficult to transport rubble as it is from the disaster area to the accumulation area. Moreover, since the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 requires a large amount of treated water and subsequent treatment, it has been difficult to employ in a disaster area where the infrastructure is in a devastated state.
一方、含水率の高い土砂を含む瓦礫の場合、これを加熱したり、含水率の高い土砂を含む瓦礫に生石灰等の改質剤を添加することによって、含水率を低下させた後、篩い分けを行うことにより瓦礫から土砂を分離し、該土砂を分離した瓦礫を、集積地や処理施設に搬出することも考えられるが、粉塵やアンモニア等の有害ガスが発生しやすく周囲の環境に悪影響を及ぼすおそれがあり、また、処理にエネルギや時間を要し、大量の瓦礫の処理には適さない等の問題があった。 On the other hand, in the case of rubble containing earth and sand with a high moisture content, the moisture content is reduced by heating this or adding a modifier such as quick lime to the rubble containing earth and sand with a high moisture content, followed by sieving It may be possible to separate the earth and sand from the debris and transport the separated debris to an accumulation area or treatment facility.However, harmful gases such as dust and ammonia are likely to be generated and the surrounding environment is adversely affected. In addition, there is a problem that energy and time are required for the treatment, and it is not suitable for the treatment of a large amount of rubble.
また、上記の含水率の高い土砂を含む瓦礫以外でも、有害物質(PCB、VOC、重金属、農薬、油等)を含有する土砂等の電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物から異物を分別するための簡易な処理方法が要請されていた。 In addition to rubble containing earth and sand having a high water content, the foreign substances are separated from wastes containing particles and foreign substances having electric charge such as earth and sand containing harmful substances (PCB, VOC, heavy metals, agricultural chemicals, oil, etc.). Therefore, a simple processing method has been requested.
本発明は、上記の課題に鑑み、含水率の高い土砂を含む大量の瓦礫等の含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物を、周囲の環境に悪影響を及ぼさず、また、処理にエネルギや時間を要することなく処理することができる廃棄物の分別方法を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention does not adversely affect the surrounding environment and does not adversely affect the surrounding environment, and does not adversely affect the waste. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating waste that can be processed without requiring time.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の廃棄物の分別方法は、含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物に、下記(A)〜(F)の物質のいずれか又は複数を添加、混練した後、篩い分けを行うことにより、前記廃棄物から篩目より大きな異物を分離することを特徴とする。
(A)ポリカルボン酸塩系物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(B)ポリスルホン酸塩系物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(C)アルキルアミノアクリレート塩重合体物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(D)アルキルアミノメタクリレート塩重合体物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(E)天然多糖類
(F)無機系凝集剤
In order to achieve the above object, according to the waste separation method of the present invention, any one or more of the following substances (A) to (F) are added and kneaded to waste containing water-containing particles and foreign matters. After that, foreign matters larger than the sieve mesh are separated from the waste by sieving.
(A) Polycarboxylate substances (including copolymers with acrylamide)
(B) Polysulfonate-based materials (including copolymers with acrylamide)
(C) Alkyl amino acrylate salt polymer substance (including copolymer with acrylamide)
(D) Alkylamino methacrylate salt polymer substance (including copolymer with acrylamide)
(E) Natural polysaccharide (F) Inorganic flocculant
この場合において、含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物に、前記(A)〜(F)の物質のいずれか又は複数に加え、さらに、セメント、石膏、生石灰、酸化マグネシウム、吸水性ポリマー及び界面活性剤のいずれか又は複数を添加することができる。 In this case, in addition to any one or more of the substances (A) to (F) above, the waste containing water-containing particles and foreign substances, and further, cement, gypsum, quicklime, magnesium oxide, water-absorbing polymer And / or surfactants can be added.
そして、本発明の廃棄物の分別方法は、含水率の高い土砂を含む瓦礫の処理の用途に好適に用いることができる。 And the waste separation method of this invention can be used suitably for the use of the debris containing earth and sand with a high moisture content.
本発明の廃棄物の分別方法によれば、含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物に、上記物質を添加、混練することにより、電荷を有する粒子(粘土、シルト、コロイド粒子等。以下同じ。)を化学的に結合させることで、含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物を含水した状態のままで改質し、篩い分け可能な状態となるようにするとともに、上記粒子を異物から離脱しやすくし、その後、篩い分けを行うことにより、廃棄物から篩目より大きな異物を効率よく分離することができる。
この場合、改質した上記粒子は、必要に応じて、埋立資材等として有効利用することができる。
According to the waste separation method of the present invention, charged particles (clay, silt, colloidal particles, etc.) are obtained by adding and kneading the above substances to waste particles containing water-containing particles and foreign matters. The same)), the particles having water-containing charges and the waste containing foreign substances are modified in a water-containing state so that the particles can be sieved. Foreign matters larger than the sieve mesh can be efficiently separated from the waste by facilitating separation from the foreign matters and then performing sieving.
In this case, the modified particles can be effectively used as a landfill material or the like, if necessary.
また、含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物に、さらに、セメント、石膏、生石灰、酸化マグネシウム、吸水性ポリマー及び界面活性剤のいずれか又は複数を添加することにより、改質した上記粒子の埋立資材等としての品質を高めることができるようにしたり、有害物質(PCB、VOC、重金属、農薬、油等)の封じ込めを行うことができる。 In addition, the above-mentioned particles modified by adding one or more of cement, gypsum, quicklime, magnesium oxide, a water-absorbing polymer and a surfactant to the waste containing water-containing particles and foreign matters It is possible to improve the quality as a landfill material or contain harmful substances (PCB, VOC, heavy metals, agricultural chemicals, oil, etc.).
以下、本発明の廃棄物の分別方法の実施の形態を説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the waste sorting method of the present invention will be described.
本発明の廃棄物の分別方法は、例えば、津波を伴う震災時に発生する瓦礫のような含水率の高い土砂を大量に含む瓦礫等の含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物に、下記(A)〜(F)の物質のいずれか又は複数を添加、混練した後、篩い分けを行うことにより、前記廃棄物から篩目より大きな異物を分離するものである。
(A)ポリカルボン酸塩系物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(B)ポリスルホン酸塩系物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(C)アルキルアミノアクリレート塩重合体物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(D)アルキルアミノメタクリレート塩重合体物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(E)天然多糖類
(F)無機系凝集剤
The waste separation method of the present invention is, for example, a waste containing particles and foreign matters having a water-containing charge such as rubble containing a large amount of earth and sand having a high water content such as rubble generated at the time of an earthquake accompanying a tsunami, After adding or kneading any one or more of the following substances (A) to (F), sieving is performed to separate foreign matter larger than the sieve mesh from the waste.
(A) Polycarboxylate substances (including copolymers with acrylamide)
(B) Polysulfonate-based materials (including copolymers with acrylamide)
(C) Alkyl amino acrylate salt polymer substance (including copolymer with acrylamide)
(D) Alkylamino methacrylate salt polymer substance (including copolymer with acrylamide)
(E) Natural polysaccharide (F) Inorganic flocculant
この場合において、(A)ポリカルボン酸塩系物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)のポリカルボン酸としては、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、カルボキシメチルセルロース等を挙げることができる。
また、(B)ポリスルホン酸塩系物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)のポリスルホン酸としては、アクリルアミド2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、ビニルスルホン酸、スチレンスルホン酸等を挙げることができる。
また、(C)アルキルアミノアクリレート塩重合体物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)のアルキルアミノアクリレート塩重合体としては、アクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチル、ジメチルアミノプロピルアクリルアミド、アクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、アクリロイルアミノプロピルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、アクリロイル2−ヒドロキシプロピルリド等を挙げることができる。
また、(D)アルキルアミノメタクリレート塩重合体物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)のアルキルアミノメタクリレート塩重合体としては、メタアクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチル、ジメチルアミノプロピルメタアクリルアミド、メタアクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、メタアクリロイルアミノプロピルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、メタアクリロイル2−ヒドロキシプロピルリド等を挙げることができる。
また、(E)天然多糖類としては、グアーガム、グルコマンナン、キタンサンガム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、プルラン等を挙げることができる。
また、(F)無機系凝集剤としては、ポリ塩化アルミニウム(PAC)、硫酸アルミニウム、塩化第二鉄、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸第二鉄、塩化カルシウム等を挙げることができる。
In this case, examples of the polycarboxylic acid of the (A) polycarboxylate-based material (including a copolymer with acrylamide) include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, carboxymethylcellulose, and the like. .
Examples of the polysulfonic acid of (B) a polysulfonate-based material (including a copolymer with acrylamide) include acrylamide 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, and the like.
Examples of the alkylamino acrylate salt polymer of (C) alkylamino acrylate salt polymer substance (including a copolymer with acrylamide) include dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, Examples include acryloylaminopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, acryloyl 2-hydroxypropyl chloride, and the like.
Further, (D) alkylamino methacrylate salt polymer materials (including copolymers with acrylamide) include dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl. Ammonium chloride, methacryloylaminopropyltrimethylammonium chloride, methacryloyl 2-hydroxypropyl chloride and the like can be mentioned.
Examples of (E) natural polysaccharides include guar gum, glucomannan, chitansan gum, sodium alginate, and pullulan.
Examples of the (F) inorganic flocculant include polyaluminum chloride (PAC), aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric sulfate, and calcium chloride.
上記(A)〜(F)の物質は、液体又は粉体のいずれでもよいが、液体のものの方が、添加のしやすさや飛散による周囲の環境への悪影響を及ぼすおそれが少ない点で好ましい。 The substances (A) to (F) may be either liquids or powders, but liquids are preferred in that they are easy to add and less likely to adversely affect the surrounding environment.
上記(A)〜(F)の物質の混練は、例えば、リボン式、パドル式、回転ドラム式等の任意の方式の混合機を用いることができる。 For the kneading of the substances (A) to (F), for example, any type of mixer such as a ribbon type, a paddle type, or a rotary drum type can be used.
また、篩い分けは、例えば、円筒篩、振動篩等の任意の方式の篩い機を用いることができる。 For sieving, any type of sieving machine such as a cylindrical sieve or a vibrating sieve can be used.
この廃棄物の分別方法によれば、含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物に、上記物質を添加、混練することにより、電荷を有する粒子を化学的に結合させることで、含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物を含水した状態のままで改質し、篩い分け可能な状態となるようにするとともに、上記粒子を異物から離脱しやすくし、その後、篩い分けを行うことにより、廃棄物から篩目より大きな異物を効率よく分離することができる。
この場合、改質した上記粒子は、必要に応じて、埋立資材等として有効利用することができる。
According to this waste separation method, the water-containing charges are chemically bonded by adding and kneading the above substances to the waste-containing particles containing foreign particles and foreign substances. By modifying the waste containing the particles and the foreign matter in a water-containing state so that they can be sieved, the particles are easily separated from the foreign matter, and then sieving. In addition, foreign matters larger than the sieve mesh can be efficiently separated from the waste.
In this case, the modified particles can be effectively used as a landfill material or the like, if necessary.
また、含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物に、前記(A)〜(F)の物質のいずれか又は複数に加え、さらに、セメント、石膏、生石灰、酸化マグネシウム、吸水性ポリマー及び界面活性剤のいずれか又は複数を添加することができる。
これにより、改質した上記粒子の埋立資材等としての品質を高めることができるようにしたり、有害物質(PCB、VOC、重金属、農薬、油等)の封じ込めを行うことができる。
Further, in addition to any one or more of the substances (A) to (F) above, the waste containing water-containing particles and foreign matters, and further, cement, gypsum, quicklime, magnesium oxide, water-absorbing polymer and interface Any or more activators can be added.
Thereby, it is possible to improve the quality of the modified particles as a landfill material or to contain harmful substances (PCB, VOC, heavy metals, agricultural chemicals, oils, etc.).
以下、本発明の廃棄物の分別方法について実施した実証試験について説明する。 Hereinafter, the verification test conducted on the waste separation method of the present invention will be described.
まず、上記(A)〜(F)の物質にそれぞれ対応する下記(A1)〜(F1)の薬剤を用いて実施した実証試験について説明する。
[試験目的]
含水率ごとの模擬異物混入土砂にて薬剤の異物を分別する効果を確認すること。
[試験使用薬剤]
(A1)アクリルアミド/アクリル酸ナトリウム共重合物
(B1)アクリルアミド/ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム共重合物
(C1)アクリルアミド/アクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド共重合物
(D1)アクリルアミド/メタアクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド共重合物
(E1)グアーガム
(F1)ポリ塩化アルミニウム(PAC)
[模擬異物混入土砂]
川砂:35容積%、粘土質:35容積%、異物(石):30容積%
含水率:15%(模擬異物混入土砂1m3当たりの添加水量:150リットル)、20%(同200リットル)、25%(同250リットル)、30%(同300リットル)
[試験手順]
(1)各模擬異物混入土砂ごとに薬剤を添加し、均一に混合する。
(2)26.5mmメッシュの篩にて26.5mmアンダーと26.5mmオーバーに分別する。
(3)分別前重量と分別後の重量より、分別割合を算出する。
[試験結果の考察]
下記の表1−1〜表1−2に示す試験結果からも明らかなように、(A1)〜(F1)の薬剤は、模擬異物混入土砂に含まれる水が異物を分別する効果を奏するようになる含水率が30%の場合を除き、異物を分別する効果を有することを確認した。
First, the verification test carried out using the following agents (A1) to (F1) corresponding to the substances (A) to (F) will be described.
[Test purpose]
Confirm the effect of separating the foreign substances of the drug by the simulated foreign substance mixed soil for each water content.
[Test drug]
(A1) acrylamide / sodium acrylate copolymer (B1) acrylamide / sodium vinyl sulfonate copolymer (C1) acrylamide / acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer (D1) acrylamide / methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer Polymer (E1) Guar gum (F1) Polyaluminum chloride (PAC)
[Simulated foreign matter mixed earth and sand]
River sand: 35% by volume, clay: 35% by volume, foreign matter (stone): 30% by volume
Water content: 15% (simulated contaminated soil 1 m 3 per added water: 150 liters), 20% (same 200 Liter), 25% (same 250 liters), 30% (same 300 liters)
[Test procedure]
(1) A chemical is added to each simulated foreign matter mixed earth and sand and mixed uniformly.
(2) Sort into 26.5 mm under and 26.5 mm over with a 26.5 mm mesh sieve.
(3) The fractionation ratio is calculated from the weight before sorting and the weight after sorting.
[Consideration of test results]
As is clear from the test results shown in Table 1-1 to Table 1-2 below, the chemicals (A1) to (F1) have the effect that the water contained in the simulated foreign matter-containing earth and sand separates foreign matters. Except for the case where the moisture content becomes 30%, it was confirmed that it has an effect of separating foreign matters.
次に、特定の薬剤を用いて実施したより詳しい実証試験について説明する。
[試験目的]
含水率ごとの各種模擬異物混入土砂にて薬剤の異物を分別する効果を確認すること。
[試験使用薬剤]
(A1)アクリルアミド/アクリル酸ナトリウム共重合物
(C1)アクリルアミド/アクリロイルオキシエチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド共重合物
[模擬異物混入土砂]
(1)川砂:35容積%、粘土質:35容積%、異物(石):30容積%
含水率:15%(模擬異物混入土砂1m3当たりの添加水量:150リットル)、20%(同200リットル)、25%(同250リットル)、30%(同300リットル)
(2)川砂:23容積%、粘土質:47容積%、異物(石):30容積%
含水率:25%(模擬異物混入土砂1m3当たりの添加水量:250リットル)、30%(同300リットル)、35%(同350リットル)、40%(同400リットル)
(3)川砂:47容積%、粘土質:23容積%、異物(石):30容積%
含水率:15%(模擬異物混入土砂1m3当たりの添加水量:150リットル)、20%(同200リットル)、25%(同250リットル)
[試験手順]
(1)各模擬異物混入土砂ごとに薬剤を添加し、均一に混合する。
(2)26.5mmメッシュの篩にて26.5mmアンダーと26.5mmオーバーに分別する。
(3)分別前重量と分別後の重量より、分別割合を算出する。
(4)判定基準は、最適な分別割合の25mmアンダー:65.5%、25mmオーバー:34.5%とする。
[試験結果の考察]
下記の表2−1−1〜表2−3−3に示す試験結果からも明らかなように、試験使用薬剤は、異物を分別する効果を有することを確認した。
Next, a more detailed demonstration test conducted using a specific drug will be described.
[Test purpose]
To confirm the effect of separating foreign substances of chemicals by various kinds of simulated foreign substances mixed with water content.
[Test drug]
(A1) Acrylamide / sodium acrylate copolymer (C1) Acrylamide / acryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer [simulated foreign matter mixed earth and sand]
(1) River sand: 35% by volume, clay: 35% by volume, foreign matter (stone): 30% by volume
Water content: 15% (simulated contaminated soil 1 m 3 per added water: 150 liters), 20% (same 200 Liter), 25% (same 250 liters), 30% (same 300 liters)
(2) River sand: 23% by volume, clay: 47% by volume, foreign matter (stone): 30% by volume
Water content: 25% (simulated contaminated soil 1 m 3 per added water: 250 liters), 30% (same 300 liters), 35% (same 350 liters), 40% (same 400 liters)
(3) River sand: 47% by volume, clay: 23% by volume, foreign matter (stone): 30% by volume
Water content: 15% (simulated contaminated soil 1 m 3 per added water: 150 liters), 20% (same 200 Liter), 25% (same 250 liters)
[Test procedure]
(1) A chemical is added to each simulated foreign matter mixed earth and sand and mixed uniformly.
(2) Sort into 26.5 mm under and 26.5 mm over with a 26.5 mm mesh sieve.
(3) The fractionation ratio is calculated from the weight before sorting and the weight after sorting.
(4) The determination criteria are an optimal fractionation ratio of 25 mm under: 65.5% and 25 mm over: 34.5%.
[Consideration of test results]
As is clear from the test results shown in Table 2-1-1 to Table 2-3-3 below, it was confirmed that the test drug has an effect of separating foreign substances.
以上、本発明の廃棄物の分別方法について、その実施例に基づいて説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に記載した構成に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において適宜その構成を変更することができるものである。 As mentioned above, although the waste separation method of the present invention has been described based on the embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited to the configurations described in the above embodiments, and the configurations thereof are appropriately made within the scope not departing from the gist thereof. Can be changed.
本発明の廃棄物の分別方法は、含水率の高い土砂を含む大量の瓦礫等の含水した電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物を、周囲の環境に悪影響を及ぼさず、また、処理にエネルギや時間を要することなく処理することができることから、津波を伴う震災時に発生する含水率の高い土砂を含む瓦礫の処理の用途に好適に用いることができほか、有害物質(PCB、VOC、重金属、農薬、油等)を含有する土砂等の電荷を有する粒子及び異物を含む廃棄物から異物を分別するための用途に広く用いることができる。 The waste separation method of the present invention does not adversely affect the surrounding environment and does not adversely affect the surrounding waste, such as a large amount of debris containing high moisture content, such as rubble, and energy. In addition, it can be used for the treatment of rubble containing earth and sand with a high moisture content that is generated in the event of a tsunami-related earthquake, and hazardous substances (PCB, VOC, heavy metals) , Agricultural chemicals, oils, etc.) containing particles such as earth and sand and wastes containing foreign substances can be widely used in applications for separating foreign substances.
Claims (3)
(A)ポリカルボン酸塩系物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(B)ポリスルホン酸塩系物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(C)アルキルアミノアクリレート塩重合体物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(D)アルキルアミノメタクリレート塩重合体物質(アクリルアミドとの共重合体を含む)
(E)天然多糖類
(F)無機系凝集剤 After adding or kneading any or more of the following substances (A) to (F) to the waste containing water-containing particles and foreign matter, kneading and then sieving the waste from the mesh A method for separating waste, characterized by separating large foreign substances.
(A) Polycarboxylate substances (including copolymers with acrylamide)
(B) Polysulfonate-based materials (including copolymers with acrylamide)
(C) Alkyl amino acrylate salt polymer substance (including copolymer with acrylamide)
(D) Alkylamino methacrylate salt polymer substance (including copolymer with acrylamide)
(E) Natural polysaccharide (F) Inorganic flocculant
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