JP2007126884A - Excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excavator which can reduce rotational shake and vibration of a driving system thereof, achieves cost reduction of the driving system, and can form an elliptic track. <P>SOLUTION: The excavator is formed of: a fixed center shaft 31 which has an external peripheral portion 311 with a fixed center line P as the center; an annular shaft 32 which has an internal peripheral portion 321 and an external peripheral portion 322 with a movable center line G in parallel with the fixed center line, as the center, and allows the internal peripheral portion to abut on and engage with the external peripheral portion of the center shaft; main excavation cutters 2 which are arranged on the annular shaft along an extension connecting between the center and a vertex T in a Rouleau's triangular range whose center is located on the movable center line; a main rotating shaft 33 which has an internal peripheral portion 331 with the fixed center line as the center, and allows the internal peripheral portion to abut on and engage with the external peripheral portion of the annular shaft, to thereby rotate around the fixed center line; a holding member 34 for holding the engagement between the external peripheral portion of the annular shaft and the internal peripheral portion of the rotating shaft, and the engagement between the external peripheral portion of the center shaft and the internal peripheral portion of the annular shaft; a sub-rotating shaft 35 which is arranged so a to be rotatable around the fixed center line; sub-excavating cutters 2' which are arranged on the sub-rotating shaft; and a driving section for driving the main rotating shaft 33 and the sub-rotating shaft 35 for rotation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavator for excavating the ground or the like.

  A general excavator is known in which a cutter head is rotated by a rotating mechanism and the ground is excavated by the cutter head. Such an excavator inevitably has a circular cross-section because the cutter head rotates about a predetermined center. However, in tunnel use spaces such as railways and roads, the cross-sectional shape is often non-circular, and a non-circular space such as railways and roads is constructed within the circular excavation cross-section. For this reason, since excavation more than utilization space is performed, in addition to requiring a lot of land area, there exists a problem that construction cost increases.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, there is a square drilling device for forming a square hole in a workpiece by providing a cutting tool on a Rouleau triangle rotating body such as a Rouleau triangle and rotating the Rouleau triangle rotating body (for example, patents) Reference 1).

  In addition, there is an excavator in which a machining member is attached to a machining member rotation support device so as to be rotatable about its center, and the machining member rotation support device is attached to the machining member revolution support device. The processed member is provided with an excavation working surface by providing excavation blades at the apexes of substantially equilateral triangles concentric with the center and inward thereof. The processed member rotation support device is attached to the processed member revolving support device so that the center rotates at a radius ((1/2) / cos30 ° − (1/2)) times one side of the equilateral triangle. is there. And the drive means which revolves 3 times in the direction opposite to the rotation direction while rotating a process member is provided (for example, refer patent document 2).

  In addition, a circular arc centered on each vertex of the regular triangle and having the length of one side as a radius is drawn on the outside of each opposite side, and a cutter having an outline of a Rouleau triangle surrounded by these three circular arcs is defined as a rectangle. There is a rectangular shield method in which excavation is performed by rotating while revolving around the central axis of the shape skin plate. The eccentric distance of the rotation axis of the cutter with respect to the center axis of the skin plate is set so as to satisfy (L / 2) / cos 30 ° − (L / 2) (L: distance between vertices of the Rouleau triangle). Further, the revolution number of the cutter is three times the revolution number, and the revolution direction and the revolution direction are opposite directions (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

  Furthermore, there is a free section shield method in which a main cutter excavates a circular center part of an excavation section and a plurality of planetary cutters excavate an outer peripheral part thereof. The planetary cutter revolves while rotating around the outer periphery of the main cutter as the main cutter rotates. This revolution trajectory can be arbitrarily changed by adjusting the angle of the swing arm provided with the planetary cutter. As a result, various excavation cross-sectional shapes, such as a rectangle, an ellipse, a horseshoe shape, and an egg shape, can be selected (for example, refer nonpatent literature 1).

JP-A-11-267950 JP-A-1-158196 Japanese Patent No. 2926125 Shield Construction Method Association, “Free Section Shield Construction Method”, [online], searched on September 16, 2005, Internet <URL: HYPERLINK "http://www.shield-method.gr.jp/pdf_data/jiyu.pdf "http://www.shield-method.gr.jp/pdf_data/jiyu.pdf>

  By the way, when digging into a non-circular, substantially rectangular shape using the rouleau triangle, it is necessary to rotate the rouleau triangle around its center of gravity and revolve the lureau triangle center of gravity around the center of the square. There is.

  In the invention of Patent Document 1, a shaft for transmitting the torque of the motor and a shaft at the center of gravity of the Rouleau triangle rotating body are connected by a universal joint. However, in this configuration, rotational vibration and vibration are generated in the drive transmission system, and in an excavator that requires a larger torque, the universal joint is expensive and the manufacturing cost increases.

  In the invention of Patent Document 2, a revolution device is configured by transmitting torque from a motor to a machining member by a crankshaft. However, a shearing force and a bending moment are generated in the cranked rotating shaft member, which causes rotational shaking and vibration.

  In the invention of Patent Document 3, a revolution drive board is provided at the center of a rectangular skin plate, and a cutter rotation shaft is provided on the revolution drive board. A motor for rotating the revolution drive board and a motor for rotating the cutter rotating shaft are provided. However, since the motor for rotating the cutter rotating shaft is provided on the revolution drive board, it is necessary to design the wiring and pipes after careful examination. Furthermore, it is necessary to synchronize by adjusting the rotation speed and rotation direction of each motor. As a result, the design cost increases.

  As described above, although there is an application for a rotation mechanism that uses the principle of the Rouleau triangle to form a substantially rectangular locus, none of them realizes smooth driving. Further, in excavators that require a large torque, a square frame requires a large space in the excavation hole, so a mechanism without a square frame is desired. Furthermore, there is no realization of a rotating mechanism that forms a polygonal locus including a rectangular shape and an excavator using the rotating mechanism, not limited to rectangular excavation.

  In addition, the construction method of Non-Patent Document 1 has a complicated configuration using a swing arm in order to obtain a plurality of planetary cutters that revolve while rotating the outer peripheral portion of the main cutter as the main cutter rotates. As a result, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can realize excavation of a non-circular cross section while reducing rotational shake and vibration of the drive system and reducing the drive system and manufacturing cost without requiring a frame. The purpose is to provide an excavator.

  In order to achieve the above object, an excavator according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a fixed central axis having an outer peripheral portion centered on a predetermined fixed center line, and a predetermined movement parallel to the fixed center line. An annular shaft having an inner peripheral portion and an outer peripheral portion with a center line as a center and formed in an annular shape, the inner peripheral portion being in contact with and engaged with the outer peripheral portion of the central shaft, and a center on the moving center line A main excavation cutter provided on the annular shaft along an extension line connecting at least the center and the apex within the range of the triangular shape of the roulau, and an annular shape having an inner periphery centered on the fixed center line A main rotary shaft that is formed and abuts and engages the inner peripheral portion with the outer peripheral portion of the annular shaft so as to be rotatable about a fixed center line, and the annular shaft rotates about the moving center line The outer peripheral portion of the annular shaft and the inner peripheral portion of the main rotating shaft, and the central shaft A holding member that holds the engagement between the peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion of the annular shaft, a sub-rotating shaft that is rotatably provided around the fixed center line, and a sub-excavation cutter that is provided on the sub-rotating shaft; A driving unit that rotationally drives the main rotating shaft and the sub rotating shaft, and a cylindrical body that supports the central shaft and the main rotating shaft and has the driving unit disposed therein. .

  The excavator according to a second aspect of the present invention is the excavator according to the first aspect, characterized in that the driving unit is linked with transmission of driving force to the main rotary shaft and the sub rotary shaft.

  An excavator according to a third aspect of the present invention is the excavator according to the first or second aspect, wherein the annular shaft is rotatably supported around the moving center line instead of the holding member, and the outer peripheral portion of the central shaft is Another holding member for holding the annular shaft in a form in which the moving center line is aligned with the fixed center line while separating the engagement with the inner peripheral portion of the annular shaft, and the driving force of the driving portion is the annular And a drive transmission means for transmitting to the shaft.

  According to the present invention, by transmitting the driving force of the drive unit to the main rotation shaft, the main rotation shaft rotates about the fixed center line. Then, the annular shaft engaged with the inner peripheral portion of the main rotation shaft rotates in the same direction as the main rotation shaft about the movement center line. Further, since the inner peripheral portion of the annular shaft that rotates about the moving center line is engaged with the outer peripheral portion of the central axis, the main rotary shaft is arranged around the fixed center line along the outer peripheral portion of the central axis. Rotation motion (revolution) in the same direction as. For this reason, the main excavation cutter provided on the annular shaft rotates and revolves as the annular shaft rotates. The leading end of the moving main excavation cutter has a non-circular elliptical trajectory, and an excavation hole having a non-circular cross-section is obtained. This drilling hole can be obtained by drilling only the usage space without drilling unnecessary space, compared to a general drilling hole with a circular cross section, so it is constructed in addition to not requiring more land area than necessary. Costs can be reduced.

  On the other hand, by transmitting the driving force of the drive unit to the auxiliary rotating shaft, the auxiliary rotating shaft rotates about the fixed center line. For this reason, the auxiliary excavation cutter provided on the auxiliary rotary shaft rotates and moves with the rotation of the auxiliary rotary shaft. The tip of the moving secondary excavation cutter forms a circular trajectory, and an excavation hole having a circular cross section is obtained. As a result, the circular auxiliary excavation hole can be excavated before the excavation hole having the oval cross section is excavated. That is, rock drilling becomes possible before excavating the excavation hole H, and the excavation load can be reduced.

  In the excavator, the main rotating shaft is driven to rotate about the fixed center line, and the annular shaft is rotated about the moving center line in a form held by the holding member as the main rotating shaft rotates. While revolving around the fixed centerline. As a result, the main rotating shaft rotates on the fixed center line without shifting its axis, so that rotational shake and vibration can be reduced. In addition, since the annular shaft revolves around the fixed center line while rotating around the moving center line in the form of being held by the holding member as the main rotating shaft rotates, Since a universal joint is not required, the cost relating to the universal joint can be reduced.

  The excavator is configured to revolve and rotate in a form in which an annular shaft provided with a main excavation cutter is held by a holding member. For this reason, it is not necessary to support and rotate the axis of the Rouleau triangle in a square frame having one side of the outer width of the Rouleau triangle so as to form a conventional approximately square locus. That is, a frame is not necessary. For this reason, it becomes possible to form the outline of the trunk | drum of an excavator small in front view with respect to the cross-sectional shape of the excavated excavation hole. As a result, the trunk portion can pass through the excavation hole that the main excavation cutter has excavated in advance, so that it is possible to obtain an excavator that excavates an excavation hole having an oval cross section.

  Further, the excavator obtains an elliptical excavation hole having a non-circular shape in a configuration in which an annular shaft provided with a main excavation cutter is revolved and rotated in a form held by a holding member. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced without using a complicated configuration using a swing arm as before. That is, the excavator can dig a hole with an elliptical cross section which is a non-circular cross section with a simple mechanism, so that failure is unlikely to occur and reliability is improved, so the cost corresponding to the digging length is reduced. be able to.

  In addition, by driving the driving force from the driving source to the main rotating shaft and the sub rotating shaft in a linked manner, the main rotating shaft and the sub rotating shaft can be rotationally driven by the driving force of a single driving source. And the cost associated with the drive source can be reduced.

  Further, instead of the holding member, the annular shaft is rotatably supported around the moving center line, and the moving center line is fixed to the fixed center line while separating the engagement between the outer peripheral portion of the central shaft and the inner peripheral portion of the annular shaft. When the other holding member that holds the annular shaft in a form in which the two are aligned with each other and the drive transmission means that transmits the driving force of the drive unit to the annular shaft, one excavator has an oval cross section. Excavation holes can be excavated, and excavation holes having a circular cross section can be excavated. By doing in this way, it becomes possible to make a general part into a circular cross section, for example in a subway, and to make only a part with a station platform into an oval cross section. In addition, for example, a general portion of a tunnel can have a circular cross section, and only a branch portion can have an oval cross section.

  Exemplary embodiments of an excavator according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

  1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view showing an embodiment of an excavator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the excavator shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the axial direction (forward direction), and FIG. 3 is a rotation shown in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of a mechanism.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the excavator includes a body portion 1, a main excavation cutter 2, and a sub excavation cutter 2 ′. The trunk portion 1 drives the main excavation cutter 2 and the sub excavation cutter 2 'while supporting the main excavation cutter 2 and the sub excavation cutter 2'. A rotation mechanism 3 is provided.

  The rotation mechanism 3 includes a center shaft 31, an annular shaft 32, a main rotation shaft 33, a holding member 34, a sub rotation shaft 35, and a drive unit 36.

  The central shaft 31 is fixed to the trunk portion 1 and has a cylindrical shape having an outer peripheral portion 311 centered on a predetermined fixed center line P arranged along the front-rear direction of the trunk portion 1.

  The annular shaft 32 has an inner peripheral portion 321 and an outer peripheral portion 322 centered on a predetermined movement center line G arranged along the front-rear direction of the body portion 1 in parallel with the fixed center line P, and is substantially annular. It is formed. The annular shaft 32 includes a central shaft 31, and an inner peripheral portion 321 is in contact with and engaged with an outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31. The annular shaft 32 has a configuration in which an annular body integrally including an inner peripheral portion 321 and an outer peripheral portion 322, or a tubular body having the inner peripheral portion 321 and a tubular body having the outer peripheral portion 322 are combined. Can do.

  The main rotation shaft 33 is supported on the body 1 so as to be rotatable about the fixed center line P of the center shaft 31 as a rotation center. The main rotating shaft 33 has an inner peripheral portion 331 centered on the fixed center line P and is formed in an annular shape, and the inner peripheral portion 331 is in contact with and engaged with the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32. .

  The holding member 34 is formed in a disk shape having a predetermined thickness having substantially the same outer periphery as the inner periphery of the annular shaft 32, and is slidably contacted with the inner periphery of the annular shaft 32 to rotate around the movement center line G. In this manner, the annular shaft 32 is internally provided. Further, the holding member 34 is provided with an eccentric insertion hole 341 having an inner periphery substantially the same as the outer periphery of the central shaft 31 with the fixed center line P as the center. The insertion hole 341 is rotatably inserted with respect to the central shaft 31. For this reason, the holding member 34 supports the annular shaft 32 rotatably around the movement center line G, and the engagement between the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32 and the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotary shaft 33. The engagement between the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31 and the inner peripheral portion 321 of the annular shaft 32 is always maintained.

  Although not clearly shown in the figure, the inner periphery of the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32 and the inner portion of the main rotating shaft 33 can also be provided by arranging a holding member between the outer periphery of the annular shaft 32 and the inner periphery of the main rotating shaft 33. Since the engagement between the outer peripheral portion 311 of the center shaft 31 and the inner peripheral portion 321 of the annular shaft 32 is always maintained while the engagement with the peripheral portion 331 is always maintained, Good. In this case, the holding member (not shown) has a disk shape with a predetermined thickness having substantially the same outer periphery as the inner periphery of the main rotating shaft 33, and is slidably contacted with the outer periphery of the annular shaft 32 to be a fixed center The main rotating shaft 33 is internally provided in a manner that rotates around the line P. The holding member (not shown) is eccentrically provided with a through hole having an inner periphery substantially the same as the outer periphery of the annular shaft 32 around the movement center line G. Of course, the holding member (not shown) and the holding member 34 shown in FIG. 1 may be used in combination.

  The auxiliary rotating shaft 35 is inserted and supported so as to be rotatable with respect to a shaft hole 312 provided in the central shaft 31 along the fixed center line P. That is, the sub rotation shaft 35 is provided so as to be rotatable about the fixed center line P.

  The drive unit 36 rotates the main rotary shaft 33 and the sub rotary shaft 35, and transmits the driving force of a drive source 361 such as a motor provided in the body 1 to the main rotary shaft 33 and the sub rotary shaft 35. To do. The drive unit 36 has a drive shaft 362 that is rotatably provided around a center line O that is parallel to the fixed center line P and the movement center line G, and the drive teeth 363 provided on the drive shaft 362 are connected to the main rotation shaft. The inner peripheral part 331 of 33 is contacted and engaged. Further, the drive shaft 362 is provided with transmission teeth 364 and is engaged with the transmission teeth 365 provided on the auxiliary rotation shaft 35. The drive source 361 is connected to the sub rotation shaft 35. That is, the driving force of the drive source 361 is transmitted to the sub rotation shaft 35, and the sub rotation shaft 35 is rotated. On the other hand, the rotation of the auxiliary rotary shaft 35 is transmitted to the drive shaft 362 by being linked by the transmission teeth 365 and the transmission teeth 364. The main rotation shaft 33 is rotationally driven by contact engagement between the drive teeth 363 and the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotation shaft 33.

  In the drive unit 36, the drive source 361 is connected to the auxiliary rotary shaft 35, but the drive source 361 may be connected to the drive shaft 362. That is, the driving force of the drive source 361 is transmitted to the drive shaft 362, and the main rotary shaft 33 is rotationally driven by contact engagement between the drive teeth 363 and the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotary shaft 33. On the other hand, the rotation of the drive shaft 362 is transmitted to the auxiliary rotation shaft 35 by being linked by the transmission teeth 365 and the transmission teeth 364.

  In the drive unit 36, the main rotating shaft 33 and the sub rotating shaft 35 are rotationally driven by the driving force of a single driving source 361 in cooperation with the transmission teeth 365 and the transmission teeth 364. The drive source 361 may be connected to the auxiliary rotary shaft 35 and the drive shaft 362 without providing the transmission teeth 364, respectively. That is, one drive source 361 is connected to the drive shaft 362 to constitute a main drive unit that rotationally drives the main rotary shaft 33, and the other drive source 361 is connected to the sub rotary shaft 35 to connect the sub rotary shaft 35. It is also possible to configure a sub-driving unit that rotates.

  Further, the drive unit 36 may have a speed reduction mechanism as appropriate between the drive source 361 and a shaft connected to the drive source 361, although not explicitly shown in the drawing.

  In the rotation mechanism 3, for example, a gear is used for the engagement between the center shaft 31 and the annular shaft 32, the engagement between the annular shaft 32 and the main rotation shaft 33, and the engagement between the main rotation shaft 33 and the drive unit 36. There is engagement by meshing. Or the engagement by which contact slip was prevented via the high friction material etc. may be sufficient.

  The main excavation cutter 2 is provided at the front end of an annular shaft 32 that extends to the front side of the trunk portion 1. This main excavation cutter 2 is within a virtual roulau triangle having a center (center of gravity) on the movement center line G, and at least an extension line connecting the center (movement center line G) and the vertex (T). A blade member is disposed along the blade member, and an excavation bit (not shown) is provided on the front surface of the blade member. As shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 2, the rouleau triangle has a shape in which an arc connecting the other vertices T with each vertex T of the regular triangle as the center, and the outer width (passing width) is constant. Is. The main excavation cutter 2 in the present embodiment extends from the edge of the annular shaft 32 to the vertex T along the extension line.

  Here, the dimensions of the central shaft 31, the annular shaft 32 and the main excavation cutter 2 are set from the center of the central shaft 31 and the main rotary shaft 33 (fixed center line P) to the center of the annular shaft 32 ( The distance (eccentric amount) to the movement center line G) is [r], the diameter of the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31 is [4r], the diameter of the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32 is [6r], and the main excavation cutter An extension line L connecting the center (movement center line G) of the Rouleau triangle 2 and the vertex T is set as [L ≧ 7.5r].

  The sub-excavation cutter 2 ′ is provided at the front end of the sub-rotation shaft 35 that extends to the front side of the body portion 1 and further to the front side of the main excavation cutter 2. The sub-excavation cutter 2 ′ extends in a radial direction around the fixed center line P and has a blade member disposed therein, and a drill bit (not shown) is provided on the front surface of the blade member. In the present embodiment, the sub-excavation cutter 2 ′ is arranged to extend in three directions at equal intervals in the radial direction around the fixed center line P, and the extension length from the fixed center line P. Is within the range of the trajectory formed by the main excavation cutter 2.

  The excavator having the above-described configuration transmits the driving force of the driving unit 36 to the main rotating shaft 33 in the rotating mechanism 3 so that the main rotating shaft 33 rotates about the fixed center line P (for example, clockwise direction in FIG. 2). To do. Then, the annular shaft 32 that engages with the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotation shaft 33 rotates in the same direction as the main rotation shaft 33 (for example, the clockwise direction in FIG. 2) about the movement center line G. Further, the annular shaft 32 that rotates about the movement center line G has an inner peripheral portion 321 engaged with an outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31, and therefore, a fixed center along the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31. Around the line P, it rotates (revolves) in the same direction as the main rotating shaft 33 (for example, clockwise direction in FIG. 2). At this time, the outer periphery of the holding member 34 is in sliding contact with the inner periphery of the annular shaft 32, the insertion hole 341 is in sliding contact with the outer periphery of the central shaft 31, and the fixed center line P is centered with the revolution of the annular shaft 32. By rotating, the engagement between the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotating shaft 33 and the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32 and the engagement between the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31 and the inner peripheral portion 321 of the annular shaft 32 are always maintained. To do. For this reason, the main excavation cutter 2 provided on the annular shaft 32 rotates and revolves as the annular shaft 32 rotates.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 7, since the ratio of the diameter of the inner peripheral portion of the annular shaft 32 and the diameter of the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31 is 3: 2, the annular shaft When 32 rotates and revolves around the fixed center line P, the annular shaft 32 rotates about the moving center line G by 1/3. Accordingly, the main excavation cutter 2 similarly revolves and rotates as shown by the movement position of the tip T (A, B, C) of the main excavation cutter 2 in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 7, as shown in FIG. 7. Makes an elliptical trajectory. As a result, the excavating hole H having an oval cross section can be excavated by propelling the excavator forward (see FIG. 2).

  As a principle configuration for obtaining an elliptical trajectory, an eccentricity [r] that is a distance between the fixed center line P and the moving center line G is defined, and the elliptical center coordinates [0, 0] to be obtained are defined. Let (refer FIG. 8) be the fixed centerline P. FIG. Then, the coordinates of the moving center line G are determined on the locus having the radius of the eccentricity [r] from the fixed center line P. Then, the main excavation cutter 2 is extended from the movement center line G by a predetermined length [L ≧ 7.5r]. The coordinates of the tip T of the main excavation cutter 2 are, for example, a coordinate system in which the horizontal axis is the X coordinate and the vertical axis is the Y coordinate, and the movement center line G, fixed center line P, and main excavation cutter 2 are shown in FIG. If the rotation angle of the movement center line G with respect to the rotation center line P from when the tips T are arranged on a straight line is φ, an elliptical locus centering on the fixed center line P is obtained from the following equations 1 and 2. It is done.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the direction aligned on the straight line in the order of the moving center line G → the fixed center line P → the tip T of the main excavation cutter 2 is the direction of the minor axis [2 (Lr)] of the oval shape. Thus, as shown in FIG. 4, the direction aligned on the straight line in the order of the fixed center line P → the movement center line G → the tip T of the main excavation cutter 2 is the direction of the long axis [2 (L + r)] having an oval shape.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a horizontally long oval locus, and the unit is m (meter). Here, the direction aligned on the straight line in the order of moving center line G → fixed center line P → tip T of main excavation cutter 2 is aligned with the vertical axis, and fixed center line P → moving center line G → tip of main excavation cutter 2 The direction aligned on the straight line in the order of T is aligned with the horizontal axis. The amount of eccentricity r is 1 m, and the length L of the main excavation cutter 2 is 8 m. As a result, a horizontally long oval locus (excavated cross section) shown in FIG. 8 is obtained. That is, if a tunnel having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 8 is constructed by this excavator, for example, a subway station portion can be widened.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a vertically long oval locus, and the unit is m (meters). Here, the direction aligned on the straight line in the order of moving center line G → fixed center line P → tip T of main excavation cutter 2 is aligned with the horizontal axis, and fixed center line P → moving center line G → tip of main excavation cutter 2 The direction aligned on the straight line in the order of T is aligned with the vertical axis. The amount of eccentricity r is 1 m, and the length L of the main excavation cutter 2 is 8 m. As a result, a vertically long oval locus (excavated cross section) shown in FIG. 9 is obtained. That is, if a tunnel having the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 9 is constructed by this excavator, for example, the effective space of the sewer installed within the road width can be made larger than the circular cross-section.

  On the other hand, the excavator having the above-described configuration transmits the driving force of the drive unit 36 to the sub-rotating shaft 35 in the rotating mechanism 3 so that the sub-rotating shaft 35 rotates around the fixed center line P (for example, counterclockwise in FIG. 2). Direction). For this reason, the sub excavation cutter 2 ′ provided on the sub rotation shaft 35 rotates and moves as the sub rotation shaft 35 rotates.

  Specifically, the secondary excavation cutter 2 ′ rotates as shown by the movement position of the tip S (A, B, C) of the secondary excavation cutter 2 ′ in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 7, and FIGS. A circular trajectory is formed as shown in FIG. That is, the excavator h having a circular cross section can be excavated by propelling the excavator forward (see FIG. 2). For this reason, it becomes possible to excavate the circular excavation hole h by the sub excavation cutter 2 ′ prior to the main excavation cutter 2. As a result, it is possible to excavate the circular auxiliary excavation hole before excavating the excavation hole H having an elliptical cross section.

  As described above, the excavator in the above-described embodiment includes the fixed center axis 31 having the outer peripheral portion 311 centered on the predetermined fixed center line P and the predetermined movement center line G parallel to the fixed center line P. An annular shaft 32 having an inner peripheral portion 321 and an outer peripheral portion 322 as a center, formed in an annular shape and abuttingly engaging the inner peripheral portion 321 with the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31, and a movement center line G A main excavation cutter 2 provided on the annular shaft 32 along an extension line connecting at least the center and the apex within the range of the Louro triangle centered on the upper side, and an inner peripheral part 331 centered on the fixed center line P A main rotation shaft 33 that is formed in an annular shape and abuts and engages the inner peripheral portion 331 with the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32 so as to be rotatable about the fixed center line P; The annular shaft 32 is rotatably supported around G, and the outside of the annular shaft 32 A holding member 34 that holds the engagement between the portion 322 and the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotating shaft 33 and the engagement between the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31 and the inner peripheral portion 321 of the annular shaft 32, and a fixed center line P A sub-rotation shaft 35 provided rotatably at the center, a sub-excavation cutter 2 ′ provided on the sub-rotation shaft 35, and a drive unit 36 that rotationally drives the main rotation shaft 33 and the sub-rotation shaft 35 are provided.

  Then, the main rotating shaft 33 rotates around the fixed center line P by transmitting the driving force of the driving unit 36 to the main rotating shaft 33. Then, the annular shaft 32 engaged with the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotating shaft 33 rotates in the same direction as the main rotating shaft 33 around the movement center line G. Further, the annular shaft 32 that rotates about the movement center line G has an inner peripheral portion 321 engaged with an outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31, and therefore, a fixed center along the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31. A rotary motion (revolution) occurs around the line P in the same direction as the main rotary shaft 33. At this time, the outer periphery of the holding member 34 is in sliding contact with the inner periphery of the annular shaft 32, the insertion hole 341 is in sliding contact with the outer periphery of the central shaft 31, and the fixed center line P is centered with the revolution of the annular shaft 32. Since it rotates, the engagement between the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotating shaft 33 and the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32 and the engagement between the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31 and the inner peripheral portion 321 of the annular shaft 32 are always maintained. . For this reason, the main excavation cutter 2 provided on the annular shaft 32 rotates and revolves as the annular shaft 32 rotates. The tip T of the moving main excavation cutter 2 has a non-circular elliptical trajectory, and an excavation hole H having an elliptical cross-section that is a non-circular cross-section is obtained. Since this excavation hole H can be obtained by excavating only the use space without excavating unnecessary space, compared with a general excavation hole having a circular cross section, it does not require an unnecessarily large land area. Construction costs can be reduced.

  On the other hand, by transmitting the driving force of the drive unit 36 to the sub rotation shaft 35, the sub rotation shaft 35 rotates about the fixed center line P. For this reason, the sub excavation cutter 2 ′ provided on the sub rotation shaft 35 rotates and moves as the sub rotation shaft 35 rotates. The tip S of the moving secondary excavation cutter 2 ′ has a circular trajectory, and a circular excavation hole H is obtained. As a result, the circular auxiliary excavation hole h can be excavated before the excavation hole H having an elliptical cross section is excavated. That is, rock drilling becomes possible before excavating the excavation hole H, and the excavation load can be reduced.

  Therefore, in the excavator, the main rotation shaft 33 is driven to rotate about the fixed center line P, and the moving center line is configured such that the annular shaft 32 is held by the holding member 34 as the main rotation shaft 33 rotates. Revolving around a fixed center line P while rotating around G. As a result, the main rotating shaft 33 rotates on the fixed center line P without shifting its axis, so that it is possible to reduce rotational shake and vibration. Further, since the annular shaft 32 revolves around the fixed center line P while rotating around the movement center line G in a form held by the holding member 34 as the main rotation shaft 33 rotates, the rotation of the annular shaft 32 In addition, since the conventional universal joint is not required for the revolving movement, the cost for the universal joint can be reduced.

  Further, the excavator is configured to revolve and rotate in a form in which the annular shaft 32 provided with the main excavation cutter 2 is held by the holding member 34. For this reason, it is not necessary to support and rotate the axis of the Rouleau triangle in the square frame having the outer width of the Rouleau triangle as one side, as in the case of forming a substantially square locus. That is, a frame is not necessary. For this reason, it becomes possible to form the outline of the body part 1 of an excavator small in front view with respect to the cross-sectional shape of the excavated drill hole H. As a result, since the trunk portion 1 can pass through the excavation hole H that the main excavation cutter 2 has excavated in advance, it becomes possible to excavate the excavation hole H having an oval cross section. Further, the excavator performs excavation of an oval shape that is a non-circular shape with a configuration in which the annular shaft 32 provided with the main excavation cutter 2 is revolved and rotated in a form held by the holding member 34. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost without using a complicated configuration using a swing arm as before. That is, the excavator obtains a non-circular elliptical trajectory with a simple mechanism and digs through the elliptical cross-sectional drilling hole H, which is a non-circular cross section. And the cost can be reduced.

  By the way, in each embodiment mentioned above, a circular locus | trajectory is made | formed by changing the cyclic | annular axis | shaft 32 of the said rotation mechanism 3 to a structure of rotation only, and the excavation hole of circular cross section is obtained. FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional side view showing another embodiment of the excavator according to the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a conceptual view of the excavator shown in FIG. 10 viewed from the axial direction (forward direction). In other embodiments described below, the same parts as those in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the excavator in another embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the rotation mechanism 3 includes another holding member 37 instead of the holding member 34, and further transmits the driving force of the driving unit 36 to the annular shaft 32. Drive transmission means 38 is provided. The other holding member 37 supports the annular shaft 32 rotatably around the movement center line G instead of the holding member 34, and engages the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31 and the inner peripheral portion 321 of the annular shaft 32. The annular shaft 32 is held in a form in which the movement center line G is made to coincide with the fixed center line P. Specifically, the other holding member 37 is formed in a disk shape having a predetermined thickness having an outer periphery substantially the same as the inner periphery of the annular shaft 32, and is in sliding contact with the outer periphery of the center shaft 31. The annular shaft 32 is internally mounted in a manner that rotates around P. The other holding member 37 is provided with a through-hole 371 having an inner periphery that is substantially the same as the outer periphery of the center shaft 31 with the movement center line G coinciding with the fixed center line P as the center. The drive transmission means 38 connects the annular shaft 32 and the main rotating shaft 33. For example, the drive transmitting means 38 is in contact with and engaged with the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32 and the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotating shaft 33. Alternatively, it is configured as a plurality of idle gears. The drive transmission means 38 is not limited to the idle gear, and may be any structure that connects the annular shaft 32 and the main rotating shaft 33.

  As described above, in the excavator according to the other embodiment described above, the driving force of the driving unit 36 is transmitted to the main rotating shaft 33, so that the main rotating shaft 33 rotates around the fixed center line P. Then, the annular shaft 32 connected to the main rotation shaft 33 by the drive transmission means 38 rotates in the direction opposite to the main rotation shaft 33 around the movement center line G coinciding with the fixed center line P. For this reason, the main excavation cutter 2 provided on the annular shaft 32 rotates as the annular shaft 32 rotates. The leading end T of the moving main excavation cutter 2 has a circular locus, and a circular excavation hole H 'is obtained.

  On the other hand, by transmitting the driving force of the drive unit 36 to the sub rotation shaft 35, the sub rotation shaft 35 rotates about the fixed center line P. For this reason, the sub excavation cutter 2 ′ provided on the sub rotation shaft 35 rotates and moves as the sub rotation shaft 35 rotates. The tip S of the moving secondary excavation cutter 2 ′ has a circular trajectory, and the circular auxiliary excavation hole h can be excavated prior to the circular excavation hole H.

  Here, the trunk portion 1 of the excavator that excavates the excavation hole H having the elliptical cross section described above has an elliptical outline that is the same as or slightly smaller than the excavation hole H when viewed from the front. And when it is set as the excavator which excavates the excavation hole H 'of circular cross section like this Embodiment, it is the same as the excavation hole H', or slightly smaller than the excavation hole H 'when seen from the front. The outline of

  Therefore, the excavator in other embodiments supports the annular shaft 32 rotatably around the movement center line G instead of the holding member 34, and the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31 and the inner peripheral portion of the annular shaft 32. The other holding member 37 that holds the annular shaft 32 in a form in which the moving center line G coincides with the fixed center line P and the driving force of the drive unit 36 is transmitted to the annular shaft 32 while separating the engagement with the fixed center line P. Drive transmission means. For this reason, since the annular shaft 32 rotates around the movement center line G coinciding with the fixed center line P, the main excavation cutter 2 provided on the annular shaft 32 rotates and moves as the annular shaft 32 rotates. That is, the tip T of the moving main excavation cutter 2 forms a circular trajectory, and a circular excavation hole H 'can be obtained. As a result, it becomes possible to excavate the excavation hole H having an elliptical cross section and excavating the excavation hole H 'having a circular cross section with one excavator. By doing in this way, it becomes possible to make a general part into a circular cross section, for example in a subway, and to make only a part with a station platform into an oval cross section. In addition, for example, it is possible to make a general part a circular cross section in a tunnel and make only a branch part an oval cross section.

  The other holding member 37 described above has an outer periphery substantially the same as the inner periphery of the annular shaft 32 and is formed in a disc shape having a predetermined thickness, and is in sliding contact with the outer periphery of the center shaft 31 and is fixed to the center line. Although it is equipped in the annular shaft 32 in such a manner that it rotates around P, it is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, it is housed between the annular shaft 32 and the main rotating shaft 33 and contacts the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32 and the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotating shaft 33. The structure which contacts and may be sufficient. Even in the other holding member 37 configured as described above, the movement center line G is set to the fixed center line P while the engagement between the outer peripheral portion 311 of the central shaft 31 and the inner peripheral portion 321 of the annular shaft 32 is separated. The annular shaft 32 is held in a matched form. In particular, the other holding member 37 abuts on and engages with the outer peripheral portion 322 of the annular shaft 32 and the inner peripheral portion 331 of the main rotating shaft 33 and also serves as a drive transmission means. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of components of the drive transmission means.

It is a schematic sectional side view which shows embodiment of the excavator which concerns on this invention. It is the conceptual diagram which looked at the excavator shown in FIG. 1 from the axial direction (front direction). It is a disassembled perspective view of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the excavator shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the excavator shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the excavator shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the excavator shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows a horizontally long ellipse-shaped locus. It is a figure which shows the locus | trajectory of a vertically long ellipse shape. It is a schematic sectional side view which shows other embodiment of the excavator which concerns on this invention. It is the conceptual diagram which looked at the excavator shown in FIG. 10 from the axial direction (front direction). It is a schematic sectional side view which shows other embodiment of the excavator which concerns on this invention. It is the conceptual diagram which looked at the excavator shown in FIG. 12 from the axial direction (front direction).

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 trunk | drum 2 main excavation cutter 2 'sub excavation cutter 3 rotation mechanism 31 central axis 311 outer peripheral part 312 shaft hole 32 annular shaft 321 inner peripheral part 322 outer peripheral part 33 main rotating shaft 331 inner peripheral part 34 holding member 341 insertion hole 35 sub Rotating shaft 36 Drive unit 361 Drive source 362 Drive shaft 363 Drive tooth 364 Transmission tooth 365 Transmission tooth 37 Other holding member 371 Through hole 38 Drive transmission means P Fixed center line G Moving center line H, h, H 'Drilling hole

Claims (3)

A fixed central axis having an outer periphery centered on a predetermined fixed center line;
An inner peripheral part and an outer peripheral part centered on a predetermined movement center line parallel to the fixed center line are formed in an annular shape, and the inner peripheral part is in contact with and engaged with the outer peripheral part of the central axis An annular shaft;
A main excavation cutter provided on the annular shaft along an extension line connecting at least the center and the apex within a range of a Rouleau triangle centered on the moving centerline;
An inner peripheral portion centered on the fixed center line is formed in an annular shape, and the inner peripheral portion is in contact with and engaged with the outer peripheral portion of the annular shaft so as to be rotatable about the fixed center line. A main rotating shaft;
The annular shaft is rotatably supported around the moving center line, and the outer peripheral portion of the annular shaft and the inner peripheral portion of the main rotary shaft are engaged, and the outer peripheral portion of the central shaft and the inner peripheral portion of the annular shaft A holding member that holds the engagement with
A sub-rotation shaft provided rotatably about the fixed center line;
A sub-excavation cutter provided on the sub-rotation shaft;
A drive unit that rotationally drives the main rotation shaft and the sub rotation shaft;
An excavator comprising: a cylindrical body portion that supports the central shaft and the main rotating shaft and has the driving unit disposed therein.   2. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit links transmission of driving force from a driving source to the main rotating shaft and the sub rotating shaft. Instead of the holding member, the annular shaft is rotatably supported around the moving center line, and the engagement between the outer peripheral portion of the central shaft and the inner peripheral portion of the annular shaft is separated from the fixed center line. Another holding member that holds the annular shaft in a form in which the movement center line is matched;
The excavator according to claim 1, further comprising: a drive transmission unit configured to transmit a driving force of the driving unit to the annular shaft.

Images