JP2007125506A - Crushing blade and branch and leaf crushing machine equipped with this - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an economically excellent crushing plate capable of sufficiently performing cutting while maintaining a low noise. <P>SOLUTION: When a plurality of crushing blades 70 are mounted on a rotary roller, since the adjacent crushing blades 70 are arranged so as to be deviated with a clearance in a rotation direction, all crushing blades 70 do not simultaneously starting cutting relative to branches and leaves and the noise generated at crushing can be reduced. Further, since the clearance is closed by a side surface part 79 even in the crushing blades 70 arranged with clearances in an axial direction by contacting a side surface part 79 of the crushing blade 70 with the adjacent other crushing blade 70, a fibrous article after crushing can be hardly intruded into the clearance and the intruded and clogged fibrous article can prevent affection to a sharpness of the crushing blade 70. Further, since the plurality of crushing blades 70 are used for a rotor, the worn crushing blade may be only exchanged or the like and since waste is not generated, it is economical. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverizing blade and a branching tree pulverizer equipped with the same.

  Conventionally, there is known a branch-and-leaves tree crusher that crushes branches and leaves of a pruned tree. Such a branch tree crusher is provided with a rotatable columnar rotary rotor, and a plate-like rotary blade continuous in the axial direction is fixed to the rotary rotor. In addition, a plate-like fixed blade that continues along the front edge portion projects from the leading edge of the branching tree feed portion toward the rotary rotor. The fed branches and leaves are cut and pulverized by the fixed blade and the rotary blade passing therethrough (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Also known is a structure in which the plate-like rotary blade is fixed in a spiral manner to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary rotor. In such a structure, the rotary blade passes through the fixed blade in order one part at a time, so the branches and trees are not crushed all at once, but from one end along the rotational axis direction. Cutting gradually toward the other end can reduce noise generated during pulverization.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-286005

However, when the rotary blade is formed in a plate shape along the rotation axis of the rotary rotor, if a part of the rotary blade is significantly worn or missing, it is necessary to replace the entire rotary blade. The other parts cannot be used up sufficiently, which is uneconomical.
Therefore, it is also conceivable to provide plate-like rotary blades in a plurality of bits so that only bits with significant wear and the like can be replaced. However, if it is simply provided in the form of a bit, the pulverized fibers of the foliage are clogged in the gaps between the individual bit-like rotary blades, and these fibrous objects are bitten between the rotary blades and the fixed blades. When it is inserted, there is a problem that the sharpness is greatly impaired.
In particular, when bit-shaped rotary blades are arranged in a spiral to reduce noise, all the rotary blades do not hit the branch tree at the same time. It is easy to influence the cutting state. Therefore, there is a need to solve such problems.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizing blade that can cut well while maintaining low noise and is economically excellent, and a branch-and-tree pulverizer equipped with the pulverizing blade.

  A pulverizing blade according to claim 1 of the present invention is a bit-shaped pulverizing blade attached to a rotary rotor of a branch and tree pulverizer, and is detachably provided to the rotary rotor. It is characterized by comprising a side surface portion that comes into contact with another crushing blade that is arranged adjacent to each other with an interval in the axial direction and the rotational direction.

  A branch and tree pulverizer according to claim 2 of the present invention is equipped with a rotary rotor to which the plurality of pulverization blades according to claim 1 are mounted.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the branch and tree crusher according to the second aspect, wherein the plurality of crushing blades are arranged in a front V shape with respect to the rotary rotor. Features.

  In the above, according to the first and second aspects of the invention, when the plurality of crushing blades as described above are attached to the rotating roller, the adjacent crushing blades are arranged with a gap in the rotational direction. For this reason, all the crushing blades do not start cutting simultaneously with respect to the branches and leaves, and noise generated during crushing can be reduced. In addition, since the side surface portion of the pulverizing blade is in contact with another adjacent pulverizing blade, the crushed blades that are spaced apart in the axial direction also close the gap at the side surface portion. The pulverized fibrous material can be made difficult to enter, and the entrapped and packed fibrous material can be prevented from affecting the sharpness of the pulverizing blade. In addition, since a plurality of crushing blades are used in the rotating rotor, it is only necessary to replace the worn crushing blades, and there is no waste and it is economical.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the pulverizing blades are arranged in a V shape, the load during pulverization acts so as to move from the center of the rotating rotor to both ends. Therefore, during the pulverization, the support portions on both sides that support the rotary rotor are subjected to substantially equal weighting, and the rotation of the rotary rotor becomes smooth.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a branch tree pulverizer 1 according to the present embodiment from an obliquely upper side, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the branch tree pulverizer 1.
1 and 2, the branch tree pulverizer 1 includes a crawler-type lower traveling body 2, an engine room 3 disposed on the lower traveling body 2, and a rear side (right side in the drawing) of the engine room 3. The operation lever unit 4 is disposed, and a pulverizer body 5 is disposed on the right front side (left side in the drawing) of the engine room 3.

  The lower traveling unit 2 includes a pulley 21 that is belt-driven by an engine 31 in the engine room 3, and the rotation of the pulley 21 is transmitted to the left and right sprockets 22 via a transmission, and the sprocket 22, the front idler 23, The crawler 25 wound around the carrier roller 24 near the sprocket 22 rotates. Further, the pulley 21, the transmission, the idler 23, the carrier roller 24, and the like are attached to a metal lower frame 26 assembled in a planar frame shape.

  The engine room 3 is configured by a metal cover or the like that covers the engine 31 disposed therein, and includes a plurality of hatches 32 for maintenance of the engine 31 on the sides and above. An output shaft 33 of the engine 31 protrudes into a gap between the pulverizer body 5 and a pulley 34 having a plurality of grooves is connected to the output shaft 33. A belt 35 is wound around one groove of the pulley 34 and the pulley 21 of the lower traveling body 2, and the power of the engine 31 is transmitted as described above. Further, the power of the engine 31 is transmitted to the pulverizer body 5 by a belt 36 wound around another groove of the pulley 34 and a pulley 51 provided in the pulverizer body 5.

  The operation lever unit 4 includes a plurality of operation levers 41. The operation lever 41 includes a traveling lever that moves forward, backward, and turns on the spot by a transmission switching operation of the lower traveling body 2, and a clutch lever for crushing clutch operation (not shown) that transmits and cuts power to the pulverizer body 5. And a back stop lever or the like for stopping the lower traveling body 2 from retreating unexpectedly.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a main part of the pulverizer body 5.
In FIG. 3, the pulverizer body 5 includes a box-shaped pulverizer frame 52 made of a metal plate. On the rear side of the pulverizer frame 52, an input hopper 53 for supplying the pruned branches and leaves is provided, and inside the pulverizer frame 52, a rotary rotor 54 for pulverizing the input branches and leaves is mounted. On the front side of the machine frame 52, there is provided a shooter 55 that discharges crushed pieces of branches and leaves and deposits them on the ground or the like.

  In addition, the grinder main body 5 is provided with a drawing roller 56 and the like for drawing the branches and leaves that have been thrown into the throwing hopper 53 toward the rotary rotor 54. Although the rotation of the rotary rotor 54 is transmitted to the pull-in roller 56 via a sprocket and a chain, the rotation transmission mechanism is not directly related to the present invention, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted here. Hereinafter, the rotary rotor 54 having the most characteristic configuration of the present invention will be described in detail.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating rotor 54.
In FIG. 4, the rotary rotor 54 is supported between a pair of side wall portions 57 constituting the pulverizer frame 52. Specifically, the rotary rotor 54 includes a rotary shaft 60 supported by a support member 58 provided on each side wall 57 via a bearing 59, and is fixed to one end side (right side in the figure) of the rotary shaft 60. And is driven to rotate through the pulley 51 (FIG. 2). Further, the other end of the rotation shaft 60 is fixed with a sprocket that constitutes the aforementioned rotation transmission mechanism, and the rotation is transmitted to the drawing roller 56 (FIG. 1). 1 and 3 opens the cover 61 of the crusher frame 52 and removes the bolt 58A constituting the support member 58 of FIG. Can be removed upward.

  On one end side of the rotating shaft 60, a projecting portion 60A that is continuous over the entire circumference is provided. A plurality of disc-shaped spacers 62 shown in FIG. 5 and a plurality of bowl-shaped crushing blade mounting plates 63 shown in FIG. 6 are alternately inserted into the rotary shaft 60 from the other end side, and the spacer 62 inserted first is provided. The positions of the other spacers 62 and the crushing blade mounting plate 63 in the axial direction are determined by coming into contact with the protrusion 60A. In addition, a crushed blade mounting plate 64 having another shape shown in FIG. 7 is fixed in advance to the spacer 62 inserted first and the spacer 62 inserted last by welding or the like. The crushing blade mounting plate 64 is provided with an opening 64A having an inner diameter dimension slightly smaller than the outer dimension of the spacer 62, and the inner periphery of the opening 64A and the side surface of the spacer 62 are welded.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the spacer 62 is provided with one rod insertion hole 62B around the central rotation shaft insertion hole 62A, and the grinding blade mounting plate 63 has a rotation shaft insertion hole 63A. Four rod insertion holes 63B (63B1 to 63B4) are provided on the circumference of the same diameter. In addition, the grinding blade mounting plate 63 is provided with blade mounting portions 63C at four locations on the outer peripheral portion at equal circumferential intervals.

  In FIG. 6, the first rod insertion hole 63B1 is formed on a reference line S1 that connects the center C of the rotation shaft insertion hole 63A and the first blade mounting portion 63C1, and the second rod insertion hole 63B2. Is drilled at a predetermined angle α from the reference line S2 connecting the center C and the second blade mounting portion 63C2 to the front in the rotational direction, and the third rod insertion hole 63B3 is formed between the center C and the third blade mounting portion 63C2. The fourth rod insertion hole 63B4 is formed so as to be shifted from the reference line S3 connecting the blade mounting portion 63C3 to the front side in the rotational direction by twice the predetermined angle α (2α). It is perforated by being shifted from the reference line S4 connecting the part 63C4 to the front side in the rotational direction by three times the predetermined angle α (3α).

  Further, in the grinding blade mounting plate 64 shown in FIG. 7, the rod insertion hole 62B of the spacer 62 to be welded is relative to a reference line S that connects the center C of the rotating shaft insertion hole 62A of the spacer 62 and the blade mounting portion 64C. The position is shifted to the front side in the rotational direction by 4 times the predetermined angle α (4α).

  In the rotary rotor 54 of the present embodiment, eight spacers 62, seven crushing blade mounting plates 63, and two crushing blade mounting plates 64 are inserted into the rotary shaft 60, and the rotary shaft 60. The crushing blade mounting plate 64 is attached to the spacers 62 arranged on both end sides of the. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, one rod 65 is inserted into the rod insertion holes 62 </ b> B and 63 </ b> B of the eight spacers 62 and the seven crushing blade mounting plates 63. The spacers 62 on both sides to which the crushing blade mounting plate 64 is attached are welded around the rod insertion hole 62B and welded together.

  In addition, when the rod 65 is inserted, the first rod insertion hole 63B1 is used in the central crushing blade mounting plate 63 among the seven crushing blade mounting plates 63, and the crushing blade mounting plates 63 on both sides thereof are used. Then, the second rod insertion hole 63B2 is used, and the outer two crushing blade mounting plates 63 use the third rod insertion hole 63B3, and the outer outer crushing blade mounting plate 63 further uses the third rod insertion hole 63B2. The fourth rod insertion hole 63B4 is used.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 8 (arrow VIII-VIII cross-sectional view in FIG. 4), when viewed from the central crushing blade mounting plate 63 toward the end, the crushing blade mounting plate is directed toward the end. As shown in FIG. 9, if only the bit-shaped grinding blades 70 attached to the blade attachment portions 63C1 to 63C4 are seen, The central crushing blade 70 is arranged in a front V shape located at the forefront of the rotation direction.

  That is, the nine crushing blades 70 attached to the crushing blade mounting plates 63 and 64 are arranged in a V shape with an interval in the axial direction and the rotation direction with respect to the other adjacent crushing blades 70. Thus, first, the branch tree is started to be crushed by the central crushing blade 70, and gradually crushed by the crushing blade 70 disposed closer to the end and on the rear side. 70 does not hit a branch tree at the same time, and the pulverization sound generated during pulverization is small. In addition, during pulverization, the load during pulverization acts so as to move from the center of the rotary rotor 54 to both ends, so that substantially equal weight is applied to the support members 58 on both sides that support the rotary rotor 54. Thus, the rotary rotor 54 can be smoothly rotated.

Below, the specific shape of the crushing blade 70 is demonstrated.
6 and 7, the crushing blade 70 has a bit shape that abuts on a right-angled mounting surface that forms the blade mounting portions 63 </ b> C and 64 </ b> C of the crushing blade mounting plates 63 and 64, and is detachable by a bolt 71. It is fixed. More specifically, as shown in the side view of FIG. 10 and the plan view of FIG. 11, the crushing blade 70 has contact surfaces 72 and 73 that are perpendicular to each other and contacted with the blade mounting portions 63C and 64C. A rectangular parallelepiped main body 74 formed by the contact surfaces 72 and 73 is provided. The main body 74 is provided with a bolt insertion hole 74A that penetrates the upper surface 75 and the abutting surface 73 serving as the lower surface, and a bolt head is accommodated in the large diameter portion of the bolt insertion hole 74A. It prevents it from protruding. The width dimension of the main body 74 is the same as the thickness dimension of the grinding blade mounting plates 63 and 64.

  The main body portion 74 is integrally provided with a wedge-shaped cutting portion 76 whose thickness decreases toward the distal end side in the rotation direction and whose width dimension increases. The lower surface 77 of the cutting portion 76 is provided with a blade forming portion 78 having a predetermined thickness T so that the tip portion protrudes and having substantially the same width as the cutting portion 76. A branch leaf tree is substantially cut with a straight cutting edge composed of a leading edge. When cutting of branches and leaves is repeated and the tip of the blade forming portion 78 is worn and dull, the pulverizing blade 70 is removed from the pulverizing blade mounting plates 63 and 64, and the blade forming portion 78 is polished. Such polishing is performed in parallel with the lower surface 77 until the thickness T disappears. Even if polishing is performed, the protrusion amount at the tip of the blade forming portion 78 is greatly increased from the initial tip locus shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. The amount of protrusion can be maintained substantially constant without shifting. Further, it is only necessary to remove the pulverizing blade 70 that needs to be polished, so that maintainability is good and economical.

  On the other hand, in the plan view shown in FIG. 11, the cutting portion 76 whose width dimension increases toward the distal end side is increased by the width dimension W with respect to the main body portion 74. And the side part 79 of the blade formation part 78 increased only by the width dimension W contacts the main-body part 74 of another crushing blade 70 located ahead of the rotation direction, as shown in FIG. That is, the width dimension W of this increase is substantially the same as the thickness dimension of the spacer 62, and when the side surface portion 79 comes into contact with the main body portion 74 of another crushing blade 70 disposed adjacent thereto, the spacer 62 The gap formed by the step is eliminated, the fibrous material generated after pulverization is prevented from entering the gap, and the fibrous material bites between the pulverizing blade 70 and the fixed blade 66 (FIG. 3), thereby sharpness. To prevent damage.

Moreover, since there is a gap corresponding to the thickness of the spacer 62 between the adjacent crushing blade mounting plates 63 and 64 on the rotation center side, fine crushing pieces and the like that are wound on the lower surface 77 side of the cutting portion 76 after crushing are Thus, the crushed pieces are prevented from accumulating on the lower surface 77 and can be prevented from affecting the cutting.
In addition, since the blade forming portions 78 overlap with each other by the width dimension W between the pulverizing blade 70 disposed in the front in the rotation direction and the pulverizing blade 70 immediately after the pulverizing blade 70, Even when the corner portions of 78 are worn and the branches and leaves cannot be cut well, the blade forming portion 78 of the rear crushing blade 70 can surely cut, and a good crushing state can be continuously maintained.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Including other structures etc. which can achieve the objective of this invention, the deformation | transformation etc. which are shown below are also contained in this invention.
For example, the blade forming portion 78 of the crushing blade 70 described in the above embodiment has a straight edge, but as shown in the plan view of FIG. 12, it is formed in a tapered shape that tapers toward the tip side. The shape may be arbitrarily determined in consideration of biting on the branches and leaves.

  In the above-described embodiment, the plurality of crushing blades 70 are arranged in a V shape. However, the crushing blades 70 may be arranged in a spiral shape so as to start cutting from the crushing blade on one end side. Noise can be reduced.

  Although the branch-and-leaves tree crusher of the said embodiment was a self-propelled type, it is not limited to this, You may apply this invention to a stationary type crusher.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a branch tree pulverizer that pulverizes a pruned tree.

1 is an overall perspective view showing a branch and tree pulverizer according to an embodiment of the present invention from obliquely above. A side view of a branch tree crusher. The sectional side view which shows the principal part of a grinder main body. Sectional drawing of a rotation rotor. The side view which shows a spacer. The side view which shows the crushing blade attachment plate and the crushing blade attached to this. The side view which shows another crushing blade mounting plate and the crushing blade attached to this. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow VIII-VIII in FIG. 4. The front view for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of a crushing blade. The side view of a crushing blade. The front view of a crushing blade. The front view which shows the modification of a grinding blade.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Branch tree pulverizer, 54 ... Rotary rotor, 70 ... Crushing blade, 79 ... Side part.

Claims (3)

A bit-shaped crushing blade attached to a rotating rotor of a branch tree crusher,
It is provided so as to be detachable with respect to the rotating rotor, and further includes a side surface portion that comes into contact with another pulverizing blade that is adjacently arranged with an interval in the axial direction and the rotating direction of the rotating rotor. Crushing blade. A branch-and-leaves tree pulverizer equipped with a rotating rotor to which the plurality of pulverizing blades according to claim 1 are mounted. In the branch tree pulverizer according to claim 2,
The plurality of crushing blades are arranged in a front V shape with respect to the rotary rotor.