JP2007152180A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher which can suitably hold a material to be crushed between a feeding vane and the bottom wall part of a feeding trough, to feed and crush the material, in spite of the thickness of the material to be crushed which is supplied into the feeding trough. <P>SOLUTION: In the outer peripheral part of a rotary shaft 20 of a feeding roll 10 of the crusher, both of the knife type feeding vane 24 at the tip part of which a vane 26 is formed, and the saw type feeding vane 28 at the tip of which a saw tooth 30 is formed, are arranged by turns along the peripheral direction of the rotary shaft 20. Therefore, when a thick wood material is supplied into the feeding trough 18, the saw tooth 30 of the saw type feeding vane 28 can bite the thick wood material to suitably hold the thick wood material, and also when a thin wood material is supplied into the feeding trough 18, an edge 26 of the knife type feeding vane 24 can bite the thin wood material to suitably hold the thin wood material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing apparatus for crushing objects to be crushed, such as pruned branches and remaining trunks (stems, roots) of trees, pruned branches of trees, sawdust, and thinned wood.

  In the conventional crushing apparatus (for example, refer patent document 1), the feeding roll is provided in the inside of the supply basket for supplying wood to a crushing process part. The feed roll includes a rotary shaft that is driven to rotate and is urged toward the bottom wall of the supply rod, and a plurality of feed blades that are radially fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary shaft. A blade or a saw blade is formed at the tip of each feeding blade, and the wood put into the supply basket is sandwiched between the tip of the rotating feeding blade and the bottom wall of the supply basket ( Held), and is forcibly sent to the crushing processing unit at a constant speed according to the rotational speed of the rotating shaft.

By the way, when the blade is formed at the tip of the feeding blade, the blade may not sufficiently bite particularly with respect to thick wood, and the thick wood may slide against the feeding blade. On the other hand, when saw blades are formed at the tip of the feeding blade, the saw blades can bite well even on thick wood, but thin wood may enter the valleys of the saw blades. May slide against the feeding blade. For this reason, the wood thrown into the supply basket may not be smoothly fed into the crushing processing unit, or may be suddenly drawn into the crushing processing unit, and may not be crushed well.
No. 4-25287

  In consideration of the above-mentioned fact, the present invention holds the material to be crushed well between the feed blade and the bottom wall of the supply rod regardless of the thickness of the material to be crushed supplied into the supply rod. It aims at obtaining the crushing apparatus which can crush.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the crushing apparatus of the invention according to claim 1 includes a crushing processing unit that crushes a material to be crushed, a supply rod that is connected to the crushing processing unit and is supplied with the material to be crushed. The rotary shaft provided above the bottom wall portion of the supply rod and rotationally driven, and attached to the outer peripheral portion of the rotary shaft, the blade is formed at the tip portion, and the rotary shaft rotates with the rotary shaft. A blade-like feed blade that feeds the object to be crushed in the supply rod between the blade and the bottom wall portion to the crushing processing unit, and is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft, and has a sawtooth at the tip portion. And a saw-like feeding blade that feeds the object to be crushed in the supply trough to the crushing processing unit while being sandwiched between the saw tooth and the bottom wall by rotating together with the rotating shaft. It is characterized by that.

  In the crushing apparatus according to claim 1, the object to be crushed supplied into the supply rod is a blade of a blade-like feeding blade attached to the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft or a saw tooth of a saw-like feeding blade and a bottom of the feeding rod. It is sent to the crushing processing part while being sandwiched between the wall part.

  Here, in this crushing device, as described above, the outer periphery of the rotating shaft includes a blade-like feeding blade having a blade formed at the tip portion and a saw-like feeding blade having a saw blade formed at the tip portion. Both are attached. Therefore, when a thick object to be crushed is supplied to the inside of the supply rod, the saw object of the saw-shaped feeding blade bites into the thick object to be crushed, so that the thick object to be crushed can be held well. When a thin object to be crushed is supplied to the inside of the supply rod, the blade of the blade-like feeding blade bites into the thin object to be crushed so that the thin object to be crushed can be favorably sandwiched.

  A crushing device according to a second aspect of the present invention is the crushing device according to the first aspect, wherein a plurality of the blade-like feeding blades and the saw-like feeding blades are alternately provided along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. It is characterized by.

  In the crushing apparatus according to claim 2, since the object to be crushed is alternately sandwiched between the plurality of blade-like feeding blades and the plurality of saw-like feeding blades, the material to be crushed is thicker than the blade of the blade-like feeding blade. Even if the object is slippery, the thick object to be crushed can be immediately sandwiched by the saw blades of the saw blade, and the thin object to be crushed even if the thin object to be slid against the saw blade of the saw blade Can be immediately held by the blade of the blade-like feeding blade.

  As described above, in the crushing apparatus of the present invention, the material to be crushed is sandwiched between the feeding blade and the bottom wall portion of the supply rod regardless of the thickness of the material to be crushed supplied into the supply rod. it can. For this reason, the to-be-crushed material thrown into the inside of a supply rod is not sent smoothly into a crushing process part, or is not drawn in rapidly into a crushing process part, but is sent in and is crushed well.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a stationary chipper 12 as a crushing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  For convenience of explanation, in FIG. 1, the upward direction of the apparatus is indicated by an arrow UP, and the forward direction of the apparatus is indicated by an arrow FR.

  The chipper 12 includes a hollow body 14, and a crushing chamber 16 that is formed in a drum shape and forms a crushing processing unit is provided inside the body 14. The rear side of the crushing chamber 16 is open, and a supply rod 18 is connected to the opening.

  A feed roll 10 is provided in the vicinity of the crushing chamber 16 inside the supply rod 18. The feeding roll 10 includes a rotating shaft 20 disposed above the bottom wall portion 18B, and the rotating shaft 20 is connected to a pair of swing arms (not shown) that are swingably attached to both side walls of the machine body 14. It is pivotally supported. Thereby, the rotating shaft 20 can move up and down with respect to the machine body 14, and is urged toward the bottom wall portion 18B by the urging force of an urging member (not shown). The rotary shaft 20 is connected to an engine 22 disposed below the machine body 14 via a driving force transmission mechanism (not shown). When the engine 22 is driven, the rotary shaft 20 moves in the direction of arrow A in FIG. It is designed to rotate.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) blade-like feeding blades 24 formed in a long rectangular flat plate shape are integrally formed on the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 20. It is attached. These blade-like feeding blades 24 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 20. In addition, each blade-like feeding blade 24 is radially arranged so that one end in the width direction (short direction) is fixed to the rotating shaft 20 and the width direction is along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 20. A knife-like blade 26 is formed at each tip end (the other end in the width direction) of these blade-like feeding blades 24.

  In addition, a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) saw-like feeding blades 28 formed in the shape of a long rectangular flat plate having the same dimensions as the blade-like feeding blades 24 are integrated with the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 20. Attached. These saw-like feeding blades 28 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotary shaft 20 between the three blade-like feeding blades 24. That is, the three blade-like feeding blades 24 and the three saw-like feeding blades 28 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 20 at intervals of 60 degrees. In addition, each saw blade 28 is arranged radially so that one end of the width direction (short direction) is fixed to the rotary shaft 20 and the width direction is along the radial direction of the rotary shaft 20. Saw-tooth 30 is formed in each front-end | tip part (end part on the opposite side to the rotating shaft 20) of these serrated sending blades 28. As shown in FIG.

  Further, the feeding roll 10 includes a pair of connecting plates 32 and 34 formed in a disk shape. The pair of connecting plates 32 and 34 are coaxially and integrally attached to the rotating shaft 20 by the rotating shaft 20 passing through the shaft center portion, and one connecting plate 32 is a blade-like feeding blade. 24 and one end in the longitudinal direction of the saw-shaped feeding blade 28 are connected, and the other connecting plate 34 connects the other end in the longitudinal direction of the blade-like feeding blade 24 and the saw-shaped feeding blade 28. .

  In the feed roll 10 configured as described above, when the rotary shaft 20 rotates in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, the blade-like feed blade 24, the saw-like feed blade 28, and the connecting plates 32 and 34 are integrated with the rotary shaft 20. 1 is rotated in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, and the wood M (object to be crushed) put on the upper surface of the bottom wall portion 18 </ b> B of the supply rod 18 is the blade-like feeding blade 24 of the feeding roll 10. In addition, while being sandwiched between the saw-like feed blade 28 and the bottom wall portion 18B, the crushing chamber 16 is forcibly fed at a constant speed according to the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 20.

  On the other hand, inside the crushing chamber 14, a cutting mechanism 36 constituting a crushing processing unit is provided. The cutting mechanism 36 includes a main shaft 38 arranged with the width direction of the machine body 14 (direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1) as an axial direction. The main shaft 38 is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) attached to the side wall of the airframe 14 so that the driving force of the engine 22 is transmitted via a driving force transmission mechanism (not shown). As a result, the main shaft 38 rotates in the direction of arrow B in FIG.

  A plurality (three in the present embodiment) of disks 40 are coaxially and parallelly attached to the main shaft 38, and these three disks 40 rotate integrally with the main shaft 38. . A plurality (four in this embodiment) of hammer shafts 42 are attached to the outer periphery of the disk 40. These hammer shafts 42 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the disk 40 and in parallel with the main shaft 38.

  A plurality of free hammers 44 each formed in a substantially rectangular flat plate shape are supported on each hammer shaft 42 in parallel and rotatably. Therefore, when the main shaft 38 rotates, the hammer shaft 42 rotates (turns) around the main shaft 38, and the free hammer 44 rotatably supported by the hammer shaft 42 rotates around the main shaft 38. . For this reason, when the wood M is fed into the crushing chamber 16 by the feed roll 10 as described above, the free hammer 44 is swung down to the end of the wood M. Thereby, the edge part of the timber M is the structure which is crushed and crushed, and is divided | segmented into a fine crushed piece.

  On the other hand, a discharge port 46 is formed on the front side of the crushing chamber 16, and a crushing net 48 is attached to the discharge port 46. The crushing net 48 is a plate material curved in an arc shape, and forms a part of the inner wall of the crushing chamber 16. The crushing net 48 is formed with a plurality of discharge holes 50 for discharging the crushed pieces of the wood M from the crushing chamber 16, and the crushed pieces discharged through the discharge holes 50 are located in front of the crushing chamber 16. It is configured to be discharged to the outside of the apparatus through a discharge basket 52 connected to the side.

  Next, the operation and effect of the present embodiment will be described.

  In the chipper 12 having the above-described configuration, when the engine 22 is driven, the driving force of the engine 22 is transmitted to the feeding roll 10 and the main shaft 38 via a driving force transmission mechanism (not shown), and the feeding roll 10 and the main shaft 38 are Each is rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

  In this state, when wood M such as pruned twigs is introduced from the opening 18A of the supply rod 18, the introduced wood M is supplied between the bottom wall portion 18B and the feed roll 10, and the feed roll 10 To the crushing chamber 14.

  In the crushing chamber 16, the three disks 40 are rotated integrally with the main shaft 38, and the hammer shaft 42 attached to these disks 40 rotates (turns) around the main shaft 38 and rotates to the hammer shaft 42. A freely-supported free hammer 44 pivots around the main shaft 38.

  For this reason, when the wood M is fed into the crushing chamber 16, the free hammer 44 is swung down to the end of the wood M. Thereby, the edge part of the timber M is crushed and crushed, and is divided into fine crushed pieces. The crushed pieces are discharged to the outside of the apparatus through the discharge holes 50 of the crushing net 48 attached to the discharge port 46 of the crushing chamber 16 and the discharge rod 52.

  Here, in the feeding roll 10 of the chipper 12 according to the present embodiment, a blade-like feeding blade 24 in which a blade 26 is formed at the tip portion and a saw blade 30 at the tip portion are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 20. Both the formed saw blade 28 are attached. Therefore, when thick wood is supplied to the inside of the supply rod 18, the saw blade 30 of the saw-like feeding blade 28 bites into the thick wood so that the thick wood can be clamped well and the supply rod is When thin wood is supplied inside 18, the thin wood can be clamped satisfactorily by the blade 26 of the blade-like feeding blade 24 biting into the thin wood.

  Moreover, in the feed roll 10 of the chipper 12 according to the present embodiment, the three blade-like feed blades 24 and the three saw-like feed blades 28 are alternately provided along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 20. Therefore, the wood M is alternately sandwiched between the blade-like feeding blades 24 and the saw-like feeding blades 28. Therefore, even when thick wood slides with respect to the blade 26 of the blade-like feeding blade 24, the thick wood can be immediately sandwiched by the saw teeth 30 of the saw-like feeding blade 28, and the thin wood can be sawed. Even if it slides with respect to the saw blade 30, the thin wood can be immediately sandwiched by the blade 26 of the blade-like feeding blade 24.

  By the way, as explained in the section of the background art, in the conventional crushing apparatus, because the wood sometimes slips with respect to the feeding blade of the feeding roll, when the free hammer is caught on the end of the wood, Wood may be suddenly drawn into the crushing section (crushing chamber) by the rotational force of the free hammer. As described above, when the wood is suddenly drawn into the crushing chamber, the load of the crushing processing unit (cutting mechanism) becomes excessive, and the engine that drives the cutting mechanism may stop.

  In this regard, in the feed roll 10 of the chipper 12 according to the present embodiment, the wood M can be satisfactorily held between the bottom wall portion 18B of the supply rod 18 regardless of the thickness of the wood M as described above. The free hammer 44 can suppress the wood M from being rapidly drawn into the crushing chamber 16.

  Similarly, in the conventional crushing device, the wood sometimes slips with respect to the feeding blade of the feeding roll, so that the wood in the supply basket is not smoothly fed into the crushing processing unit and may be stagnated.

  In this regard, in the feed roll 10 of the chipper 12 according to the present embodiment, the wood M can be satisfactorily held between the bottom wall portion 18B of the supply rod 18 regardless of the thickness of the wood M as described above. It is possible to suppress the stagnation of the wood M in the supply basket 18 without being fed into the crushing processing unit (crushing chamber 16).

  In addition, although it was set as the structure provided with the three blade-shaped feed blades 24 and the three saw-shaped feed blades 28 in the feed roll 10 of the chipper 12 which concerns on the said embodiment, it is not restricted to this, A cutter The number of the sheet feeding blades 24 and the saw-shaped feeding blades 28 can be appropriately changed.

  Moreover, in the chipper 12 which concerns on the said embodiment, the roll which opposes the feeding roll 10 is rotatably attached to the bottom wall part 18B of the supply rod 18, and the timber M is between the feeding roll 10 and the said roll. It is good also as a structure clamped.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the infeed roll of the crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the infeed roll of the crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 Infeed roll 12 Chipper (crusher)
16 Crushing chamber (crushing processing part)
18 Supply rod 18B Bottom wall portion 20 Rotating shaft 24 Blade-like feeding blade 26 Blade 28 Saw-like feeding blade 30 Saw tooth 36 Cutting mechanism (crushing processing unit)
M Wood (to be crushed)

Claims (2)

A crushing processing unit for crushing the material to be crushed;
A supply rod connected to the crushing processing unit and supplied with the material to be crushed,
A rotary shaft provided above the bottom wall of the supply rod and driven to rotate;
While being attached to the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft, a blade is formed at the tip, and while rotating together with the rotating shaft, the object to be crushed in the supply rod is sandwiched between the blade and the bottom wall portion A blade-like feeding blade to be fed into the crushing processing unit;
While being attached to the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft, a sawtooth is formed at the tip, and while being rotated together with the rotating shaft, the object to be crushed in the supply rod is sandwiched between the sawtooth and the bottom wall portion A saw blade for feeding into the crushing section;
Crushing device equipped with.   The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the blade-like feeding blades and the saw-like feeding blades are alternately provided along a circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.

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