JP2007119487A - 分枝オレフィンの調製方法、界面活性剤製造のためのその分枝オレフィンの使用方法、および界面活性剤 - Google Patents
分枝オレフィンの調製方法、界面活性剤製造のためのその分枝オレフィンの使用方法、および界面活性剤 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】7〜35個の範囲の炭素数を有するパラフィンのうちの少なくとも一部の分子が分枝していてパラフィン分子当たりの分枝の平均数が0.7〜2.5個であり、分枝がメチル分枝、および場合によってエチル分枝を含むパラフィンを含み、かつパラフィン系ワックスの水素化分解および水素異性化によって得ることができ、0.5%以下の第四級脂肪族炭素原子を含有するイソパラフィン系組成物を、適切な触媒上で脱水素することを含む、0.5%以下の第四級炭素含量を有する分枝オレフィンの調製方法。この分枝オレフィンを界面活性剤に転換することを含む、特に界面活性な硫酸エステルもしくはスルホン酸塩を製造するためにオレフィンを使用する方法、および前記方法によって得られる、アニオン界面活性剤、ノニオン界面活性剤またはカチオン界面活性剤。
【選択図】なし
Description
少なくとも5個の炭素原子を有する線状パラフィンからなり、さらに、少量の酸素化合物を含むフィッシャートロプシュ炭化水素混合物を、水素の存在下で、シリカ−アルミナ担持パラジウム触媒(0.5重量%Pd、55重量%A12O3、45重量%SiO2)と、温度350℃のおよび圧力6000kPa(60バール)絶対圧で、0.5l/1/Hの液時間当たり空間速度および水素とワックスの供給比を400N1/1(室温での液容積、「Nl」は0℃、100kPa(1バール)でのガス容積を表す)として、接触させることによって水素化分解および水素異性化の条件にかける。
モレキュラーシーブ上での分離を省略すること、およびイソパラフィン系組成物の重量ベースで、得られたイソパラフィン系組成物中に存在する分枝パラフィンの量が80重量%、得られたイソパラフィン系組成物中に存在する線状パラフィンの量が20重量%、かつ得られたイソパラフィン系組成物中に、平均分枝数がパラフィン分子当たり1.5個であること以外は、実施例1の手順を繰り返す。その他の面では、イソパラフィン系組成物は、実施例1に示したのと同様である。
フィッシャートロプシュ炭化水素混合物が、本質的に、少なくとも30個の炭素原子を有する線状パラフィンのワックスからなること以外は、実施例1の手順を繰り返す。得られたイソパラフィン系組成物は、実施例1で具体的に述べたのと同様の組成物である。
モレキュラーシーブ上での分離を省略すること、イソパラフィン系組成物の重量ベースで、得られたイソパラフィン系組成物中に存在する分枝パラフィンの量が90重量%、得られたイソパラフィン系組成物中に存在する線状パラフィンの量が10重量%であり、かつ得られたイソパラフィン系組成物中に平均分枝数が、パラフィン分子当たり1.7個であること以外は、実施例3の手順を繰り返す。その他の面では、イソパラフィン系組成物は、実施例1に示したのと同様である。
それぞれの場合、得られたイソパラフィン系組成物が、14〜17個の代わりに、13〜17個の範囲の炭素数を有する分枝および線状パラフィンからなること以外は、実施例1〜4の手順を繰り返す。その他の面では、得られたイソパラフィン系組成物は、実施例1〜4のそれぞれの例に示したのと同様である。
出発物質としてメタンおよび合成ガス(H2およびCO)を用いて重合することにより製造したC9〜24パラフィンを蒸留により分離した。知られている脱水素化/オレフィン抽出プロセスを本質的に用いて、C15−C16パラフィンのサンプルを脱水素化し、C15−C16分枝オレフィン(「候補オレフィン」)を製造した。
実施例9で記した手順を用いて、競争生成物(competitive product)中に認められるアルコール分子の第四級炭素含量を測定した。競争生成物は、プロピレンをオリゴマー化し、次いで、オレフィンを高度にメチル分枝したアルコールに転換させるヒドロホルミル化によって調製した、高度にメチル分枝したアルコールであった。第四級炭素の含量は約0.6であった。米国特許第5112519号ではこの生成物を、「急速な生分解を必要としない潤滑剤および洗剤配合物での使用で知られている、高度にメチル分枝した、トリデシルアルコール」と記述している。
実施例9からのDおよびEの硫酸エステルをクロロ硫酸化によって調製し分析した。結果は以下の通りである。
供給源 AM% UOM H20 硫酸エステル 合計
D(実施例9) 28.8 1.4 65.6 0.82 96.6
E(実施例9) 30.9 1.3 62.8 0.73 95.7
AM=活性物質
UOM=未反応有機物質
明確にするために別々の実施形態として述べた本発明のある種の特性を、組み合わせて1つの実施形態として提供することもできることは明らかである。逆に、1つの実施形態として述べた本発明の特徴を、単独でまたはいずれかの適切な部分の組合せとして提供することもできる。
Claims (9)
- 7〜35個の範囲の炭素数を有するパラフィンのうちの少なくとも一部の分子が分枝していてパラフィン分子当たりの分枝の平均数が0.7〜2.5個であり、前記分枝がメチル分枝、および場合によってエチル分枝を含むパラフィンを含み、パラフィン系ワックスの水素異性化によって得られ、0.5%以下の第四級脂肪族炭素原子を含有するイソパラフィン系組成物を、適切な触媒上で脱水素することを含む、0.5%以下の第四級炭素含量を有する分枝オレフィンの調製方法。
- イソパラフィン系組成物の分枝パラフィン含量が、イソパラフィン系組成物の重量に対して、少なくとも70重量%である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1または2の方法によって得られた分枝オレフィンを界面活性剤に転換することを含む、アニオン界面活性剤、ノニオン界面活性剤またはカチオン界面活性剤、特に界面活性なスルフェートもしくはスルホネートを製造するためにオレフィンを使用する方法。
- 7〜35個の範囲の炭素数を有するパラフィンのうちの少なくとも一部の分子が分枝していてパラフィン分子当たりの分枝の平均数が0.7〜2.5個であり、分枝がメチル分枝、および場合によってエチル分枝を含むパラフィンを含み、0.5%以下の第四級脂肪族炭素原子を含有するイソパラフィン系組成物を、適切な触媒上で脱水素することを含む方法によって得られた分枝オレフィンを、分枝アルコールスルフェートに転換させることを含む、0.5%以下の第四級脂肪族炭素原子を含むアルコールスルフェートの調製方法。
- 分枝オレフィンを、適切な触媒の存在下で一酸化炭素および水素と反応させることによって、分枝オレフィンを分枝アルコールに転換させる請求項3または4に記載の方法。
- 0.5%以下の第四級炭素原子を有し、かつ7〜35個の範囲の連続した様々な炭素数を有するオレフィンを含み、該オレフィンのうちの少なくとも一部の分子が分枝していて分子当たりの分枝の平均数が0.7〜2.5個であり、前記分枝がメチル分枝、および場合によってエチル分枝を含み、パラフィン系ワックスの水素化分解および水素異性化によって得られ0.5%未満の第四級脂肪族炭素原子を含むイソパラフィン系組成物を脱水素することを含む方法によって得ることが可能な分枝オレフィン組成物。
- 請求項5に記載の方法によって得ることが可能な分枝アルコール組成物。
- 請求項3から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られるアニオン界面活性剤、ノニオン界面活性剤またはカチオン界面活性剤。
- 0.5%未満の第四級脂肪族炭素原子を含み、かつ10〜35個の範囲の様々な連続した炭素数を有するパラフィンを含み、前記パラフィンのうちの少なくとも一部の分子が分枝していてパラフィン分子当たりの分枝の平均数が0.7〜2.5個であり、前記分枝がメチル分枝、および場合によってエチル分枝を含むイソパラフィン系組成物。
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