JP2007115534A - Discharge lamp device, discharge lamp and discharge lamp lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a discharge lamp device provided with a discharge lamp having improved luminous efficiency without causing melting destruction of a discharge vessel, and a discharge lamp lighting device for lighting the discharge lamp. <P>SOLUTION: The discharge lamp comprises: the discharge vessel 10B formed of a nonconductive member having optical transparency with a luminescent substance filled therein; and an antenna member 10D arranged to project one end into the discharge vessel and to expose the other end to the outside of the discharge vessel. The discharge lamp lighting device comprises: an internal cylindrical member 14A having, at one end, a mounting section for mounting the discharge lamp thereto by inserting a part of the discharge lamp with the antenna attached thereto; and a waveguide part 14 having an external cylindrical member 14B arranged to surround the internal cylindrical member, and composed by forming, between the outside surface of the internal cylindrical member 14A and the inside surface of the external cylindrical member 14B, a waveguide for guiding electromagnetic waves generated by an electromagnetic wave generation section to the discharge lamp mounted to the mounting section. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a discharge lamp, a discharge lamp lighting device, and a discharge lamp device, and in particular, a discharge lamp that prevents melting destruction of a discharge vessel, a discharge lamp lighting device for lighting the discharge lamp, and a discharge lamp and a discharge lamp. The present invention relates to a discharge lamp device including an electric lamp lighting device.

  There is provided a discharge portion that emits a guided electromagnetic wave between the first conductor and the second conductor, and a discharge portion that discharges light based on surface wave plasma generated by the emitted electromagnetic wave. An electrode discharge lamp has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

In addition, the electric field generated by the high frequency energy given from the outside is concentrated and strengthened by concentrating and strengthening the electric discharge at the tip disposed in the discharge space without being exposed to the outside of the discharge container forming the discharge space. A high frequency excitation type point light source lamp provided with a discharge concentrator is proposed (Patent Document 2).
JP 2003-197156 A JP 2002-75290 A

  However, in a conventional electrodeless discharge lamp, since the lamp does not have an electrode, electromagnetic wave energy is supplied into the container through the lamp container wall, so that the heating of the container wall is unavoidable. There is a problem that the luminous efficiency is lowered due to the energy loss of the electromagnetic wave and the container wall is melted and broken.

  Further, in the high frequency excitation type point light source lamp, since the discharge concentrator is not exposed to the outside, it is necessary to place an external conductor on the outer periphery of the discharge vessel and apply a high frequency power source, and from the external conductor to the discharge vessel wall. Since a high-frequency voltage is applied to the discharge concentrator via the energy loss, energy loss occurs and the light emission efficiency decreases.

  The essence of these problems is to guide the propagation of high-frequency power as a high-frequency power waveguide using a distributed constant line such as a waveguide, and introduce this high-frequency power into a lumped constant line to make it a local light-emitting power. It can be considered that the cause is that it is not possible to resolve the minute loss in the device configuration.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, a discharge lamp having improved luminous efficiency without causing melting destruction of the discharge vessel, a discharge lamp lighting device for lighting this discharge lamp, and It aims at providing the discharge lamp apparatus provided with the discharge lamp and the discharge lamp lighting device.

  In order to achieve the above object, a discharge lamp device according to the present invention includes an electromagnetic wave generating unit, an electromagnetic wave waveguide having an internal conductor from which the electromagnetic wave is guided from the electromagnetic wave generating unit, and the internal conductor protruding from the electromagnetic wave waveguide. A part or all of the antenna, or an antenna provided in contact with or spaced from the inner conductor, and a non-conductive member having a light transmission property surrounding at least a part of the antenna, And a discharge lamp having a discharge vessel in which a luminescent material is enclosed.

  The antenna of the present invention may be configured in part or in whole by projecting the inner conductor, may be configured to be in contact with or spaced from the inner conductor, or may be configured by projecting the inner conductor. You may comprise with an antenna member and the other antenna member arrange | positioned at predetermined intervals with this antenna member. In addition, a portion of the antenna located in the discharge vessel can be provided with a high impedance portion having a higher impedance than other portions, that is, an impedance discontinuity portion.

  Electromagnetic waves such as radio frequency (RF) and microwaves supplied to the discharge lamp of the present invention are directly supplied into the discharge vessel via the antenna and locally concentrated near the tip of the antenna member. Emission materials such as gas are efficiently discharged.

  In the case where the antenna of the present invention is provided with a high impedance portion, the discharge lamp of the present invention has an impedance discontinuity portion of the antenna when electromagnetic waves such as high frequency (RF) and microwaves are supplied to the antenna of the discharge lamp. The electromagnetic wave propagation in the high impedance part is hindered, and the electromagnetic wave is radiated from the local area of the high impedance part. Since the radiated electromagnetic wave is present inside the discharge vessel, the luminescent material in the vicinity of the radiation site is selectively excited. For this reason, luminous substances, such as high-pressure gas inside a container, discharge efficiently.

  In order to make the impedance discontinuity part, which is the high impedance part of the antenna, resistive, the antenna member constituting the antenna is made thin in the middle, and the resistance value is made in the middle of the antenna member by a material having different resistivity. The antenna member may be cut or discontinuous. In order to achieve capacitance, the antenna member may be cut and a flat plate having a spread at both ends of the cut, or a concave or convex umbrella-shaped spread may be provided, and these may be combined. In order to achieve inductance, the middle of the antenna member may be formed in a coil shape, a zigzag shape, or the like. Two or all of these resistive discontinuities, capacitive discontinuities, and inductance discontinuities may be combined.

  Thus, since the light emitting part is in the vicinity of the high impedance part of the antenna, in order to make the vicinity of the center of the antenna a light emitting part, the vicinity of the center of the antenna is set as a high impedance part. The discharge in the vicinity of the center of the antenna thus configured has an ideal shape of the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic field. In addition, since an electromagnetic field may be formed, the antenna may be covered or exposed in the discharge vessel.

  Furthermore, in order to achieve the above object, the discharge lamp of the present invention includes a discharge vessel formed of a light-transmitting non-conductive member and encapsulating a luminescent material therein, and at least one end of the discharge lamp. And an antenna composed of an antenna member provided so as to be exposed to the outside of the container.

  Moreover, the high impedance part from which an impedance becomes high can be provided in the part located in the said discharge container of an antenna.

  The antenna of the discharge lamp according to the present invention includes, for example, one antenna member provided so that one end protrudes into the discharge vessel and the other end is exposed to the outside of the discharge vessel, and the high impedance portion is provided inside the discharge vessel. One antenna member provided so as to have an impedance discontinuity and at least one end exposed to the outside of the discharge vessel, or a high impedance portion inside the discharge vessel, and It can be composed of a pair of antenna members provided so that at least one end is exposed to the outside of the discharge vessel. Therefore, the discharge lamp of the present invention can use either an antenna in which no high impedance portion is formed or an antenna in which a high impedance portion is formed.

  As described above, the high impedance portion in the case of using one antenna member has a thin shape in the middle of the antenna member, or the resistance value is changed in the middle of the antenna member by a material having different resistivity. Can be formed.

  Further, the high impedance portion in the case of using a pair of antenna members can be formed by arranging the portions of the pair of antenna members protruding inside the discharge container so as to face each other through a gap.

  According to the discharge lamp of the present invention, since the antenna is composed of an antenna member provided so that at least one end is exposed to the outside of the discharge vessel, the high frequency (RF) supplied to the discharge lamp And electromagnetic waves such as microwaves are directly supplied into the discharge vessel via the antenna and are concentrated locally near the tip of the antenna member or in the high impedance part, so that the luminescent substance such as high-pressure gas inside the vessel is efficiently Discharge. The discharge has the shape of a spatial distribution of the electromagnetic field. At this time, the electromagnetic waves are locally concentrated in the vicinity of the tip of the antenna member or in the high impedance portion without passing through the wall of the discharge vessel, so that melting and breaking of the discharge vessel can be prevented.

  In the discharge lamp of the present invention, a high impedance portion can be provided inside the discharge vessel. In order to efficiently perform light distribution control as a lighting device, it is necessary to reduce the size of the light emitting unit. However, the size of the light emitting unit in the high impedance unit is reduced by providing a pair of antenna members and reducing the distance between the antenna members. Can be used as a point light source.

  In the discharge lamp of the present invention, the portion of the antenna member that protrudes into the discharge vessel can be covered with an insulator. By covering the antenna member with an insulator, the chemical reaction between the metal on the surface of the antenna member and the encapsulated luminescent material does not occur, and therefore various enclosures for improving luminous efficiency and color rendering properties are enclosed in the discharge vessel. Can do.

  And in the discharge lamp of this invention, it is effective to sharpen the part which protruded inside the discharge container of the antenna member. By sharpening the antenna member, electromagnetic waves are concentrated locally, so that even low-energy electromagnetic waves can be discharged. Moreover, a point light source can be obtained.

  The discharge lamp lighting device according to the present invention includes an electromagnetic wave generating unit that generates an electromagnetic wave, an inner conductor provided at one end with a mounting unit to which the portion of the discharge lamp provided with the antenna is inserted and the discharge lamp is mounted, and An outer conductor is provided so as to surround the inner conductor, and an electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generator between the outer surface of the inner conductor and the inner surface of the outer conductor is attached to the mounting portion. And an electromagnetic wave waveguide portion in which a waveguide leading to the electric lamp is formed.

  In the discharge lamp lighting device according to the present invention, the discharge lamp is attached by inserting the portion of the discharge lamp provided with the antenna into the attachment portion provided at one end of the internal conductor. Thereby, the length of the conductor combining the inner conductor and the antenna becomes longer than that of the outer conductor, and the inner conductor becomes longer than the length of the outer conductor.

  By making the inner conductor of the coaxial cable longer than the outer conductor and causing the inner conductor to protrude from the outer conductor, the electromagnetic field concentrates on the tip of the inner conductor protruding from the outer conductor.

  Also in the present invention, by inserting the antenna into the inner conductor, the inner conductor is substantially longer than the outer conductor, as in the case of the coaxial cable. It is guided and supplied to the discharge lamp, supplied directly into the discharge vessel via the antenna, and concentrated locally near the tip of the antenna. Thereby, the luminescent substance inside the discharge vessel can be discharged efficiently.

  For example, when a microwave launcher is attached to a rectangular waveguide, the amount of protrusion of the antenna from the outer conductor when the antenna is inserted into the inner conductor is λ / 4 (λ is the wavelength of the microwave that is an electromagnetic wave). Then, electromagnetic waves are efficiently radiated to the surrounding space. However, when it is attached to a coaxial cable, it does not necessarily have to be λ / 4.

When a microwave with a frequency f is used as the electromagnetic wave, the gap G of the antenna member when a pair of antenna members is used is an electron elementary charge e, an electron mean free path λe, and a microwave electric field E _0. If the amplitude of the electron by L is L, the relationship between the electron amplitude L and the electron mean free path λe is λe <L. However, for the formation of discharge, the relationship between the electron amplitude L and the antenna gap G is , L <G must be satisfied.

λe is inversely proportional to the sealed gas pressure p, and the electron amplitude L is between the microwave electric field intensity E ₀ , the microwave frequency ω = 2πf, and the electron collision frequency ν.

The relationship is established. Under an enclosed gas pressure of 1 atm at f = 2.45 GHz microwave, ω << ν,

And can be transformed.

The sealed gas pressure p in the present invention is, for example, 1 to 5 atm. When p = 1 atm, ν to 2 × 10 ¹² (1 / s), λe to 4 × 10 ⁻⁷ (m). There, L for f = 2.45 GHz, expressed the _{E 0} in units of (V / m), the _{^{L~5 × 10 -9 × E 0 (}} m). Therefore, when E ₀ = 10 ⁵ (V / m), the relationship of λe <L is established. Therefore, the discharge start condition is satisfied with a microwave electric field of E ₀ = 10 ⁵ (V / m) for p = 1 atm and f = 2.45 GHz. The relationship of L <G is G> 10 ⁻⁶ m (10 ⁻³ mm). From the above, the gap G of the antenna can be set to, for example, 0.1 mm with a margin in manufacturing.

  In the discharge lamp of the present invention having the structure shown in FIG. 5 that does not have a pair of counter electrode structures, the antenna gap G may be considered to be infinite. In this case, since gas molecules enclosed as a luminescent substance in the discharge vessel emit light within a range of electric field intensity that can ionize and generate plasma, light having a spread in the discharge vessel can be obtained.

  In the present invention, the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generation unit may be directly guided to the waveguide unit, but a coaxial cable that guides the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generation unit to the waveguide unit may be provided. As a result, wiring substantially similar to that of a normal AC / DC lighting discharge lamp is possible, and convenience is enhanced.

  In the present invention, an insulating material such as quartz, alumina, or polyethylene can be interposed between the outer surface of the inner conductor and the inner surface of the outer conductor.

  The discharge lamp device of the present invention can be configured by combining the discharge lamp of the present invention and the discharge lamp lighting device.

  As described above, according to the discharge lamp of the present invention, it is possible to improve the luminous efficiency without causing the melt destruction of the discharge vessel. In addition, since there is no leakage of electromagnetic waves to the outside of the lamp, the discharge lamp lighting device of the present invention provides an effect that the discharge lamp of the present invention can be lit efficiently.

  In addition, according to the discharge device of the present invention, by supplying electromagnetic power directly to the high impedance portion of the antenna at the center of the discharge lamp, an effect that a strong electric field is generated and discharge can be formed is obtained. It is done.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, an embodiment of a discharge lamp apparatus using a high-intensity high-pressure discharge lamp (HID lamp) as a discharge lamp will be described, and the embodiment of the discharge lamp and the embodiment of the discharge lamp lighting apparatus will be described together. .

  As shown in FIG. 1, the discharge lamp device according to the present embodiment includes an HID lamp 10 and a discharge lamp lighting device 12.

  The discharge lamp lighting device 12 is provided with a launcher 14 that acts as a waveguide for guiding electromagnetic waves such as high frequency (RF) or microwaves. A parabolic reflector 16 is fixed to the launcher 14 so that the HID lamp 10 attached to one end of the launcher 14 is located at the focal position.

  The other end of the launcher 14 is connected to a small solid-state oscillator 20 via a coaxial cable 18. As the solid state oscillator 20, a solid state oscillator including an oscillator, an amplifier, and an isolator can be used. A DC power source 22 that outputs a voltage of about 28 to 30 V is connected to the solid-state oscillator 20.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the HID lamp 10 includes an ellipsoidal discharge vessel 10B having a discharge space 10A formed therein. In the discharge vessel, for example, a light-emitting substance composed of 5 atm xenon gas and a small amount of additive is enclosed. The discharge vessel 10B is provided with a pair of rod-like members 10C at a predetermined interval so as to extend in the long axis direction along the long axis of the discharge vessel 10B.

  Each tip of the pair of rod-shaped members 10C protrudes into the discharge space 10A, and the other end protrudes outside the discharge vessel 10B. Each of the rod-shaped members 10C is embedded with a metal rod-shaped antenna member 10D having a sharp tip. The antenna member can be made of tungsten or molybdenum, and in order to avoid breakage due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the metal material of the antenna member and the insulator, a rod-like or plate at each end of the molybdenum plate However, in this embodiment, high-frequency power is consumed with high efficiency in the discharge part for light emission, and almost no heat is generated at the junction between the discharge vessel and the antenna member. Absent. Therefore, a configuration not using this can be recommended for cost reduction.

  The discharge vessel 10B and the pair of rod-shaped members 10C are formed using a high dielectric constant insulator such as quartz or alumina, which is a non-conductive member having translucency, and the tip portions of the pair of antenna members are formed by the rod-shaped members 10C. In a covered state, the antenna member is inserted into the discharge vessel with a gap G, and the other end of each antenna member is exposed from the discharge vessel 10B. As described above, the antenna according to the present embodiment is composed of a pair of antenna members arranged with a gap G. This gap G forms a high impedance part of the antenna.

  The launcher 14 includes an inner cylindrical member 14A and an outer cylindrical member 14B having an inner surface coaxially provided with a predetermined distance from the outer surface of the inner cylindrical member 14A so as to surround the inner cylindrical member 14A. The inner cylindrical member 14A and the outer cylindrical member 14B are made of a conductor such as metal. A mounting portion 14C to which the HID lamp is attached is formed by inserting a rod-like portion 10C in which the antenna member 10D of the HID lamp is embedded at the tip of the inner cylindrical member 14A. Instead of the internal cylindrical member, a columnar member having a mounting portion 14C drilled at the tip may be used.

  Further, between the outer surface of the inner cylindrical member 14A and the inner surface of the outer cylindrical member 14B, an electromagnetic wave oscillated by the solid oscillator 20 and guided through the coaxial cable is supplied to the HID lamp attached to the attachment portion 14C. A waveguide for guiding is formed.

  According to the present embodiment, the electromagnetic wave oscillated by the solid state oscillator 20 is guided to the end portion of the launcher 14 via the coaxial cable, and is guided to the attachment portion 14C through the coaxial waveguide of the launcher 14. Supplied to the HID lamp. Since the antenna member 10D constituting the antenna is exposed from the discharge container and inserted into the inner cylindrical member, the supplied electromagnetic wave is directly guided into the discharge container via the antenna, and is generated at the high impedance portion of the antenna. Propagation of electromagnetic waves is hindered, and electromagnetic waves are radiated from the high impedance part. Since the radiated electromagnetic wave exists inside the discharge vessel, the luminescent material in the vicinity of the radiation site is selectively excited, whereby the luminescent material such as high-pressure gas inside the vessel is efficiently discharged.

  With the HID lamp attached to the launcher 14, the distance L between the end of the outer cylindrical member 14B and the end of the antenna not inserted into the inner cylindrical member, that is, the portion protruding from the outer cylindrical member of the antenna When the length is ¼ of the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave, the electromagnetic wave is efficiently radiated to the surrounding space. At this time, a strong electromagnetic field is generated in the gap G provided in the middle of the distance L. This electromagnetic field is sufficiently strong and can easily form a discharge even at high atmospheric pressure.

  In the present embodiment, the gap provided in the antenna works as a gap G, and a strong electromagnetic field is generated, so that even a discharge lamp enclosing high pressure can be lit. Therefore, if the gap G is shortened, the light emitting unit The volume is reduced and a point light source can be configured. On the other hand, if the length of the gap G is increased, the large-sized high-pressure HID lamp can be turned on while the discharge region is widened. When the gap G is lengthened, it is advantageous to use an electromagnetic wave having a low frequency and a long wavelength.

  Since the antenna member is covered with a heat-resistant dielectric material having a low dielectric loss and a high dielectric constant as in the HID lamp of this embodiment, it does not affect the start and maintenance of the discharge. A lamp with a shaped antenna can be treated as a substantially electrodeless discharge lamp.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 3, the lamp manufacturing process may be simplified by removing one rod-like portion and the antenna member from the HID lamp of FIG. 2 and configuring the antenna with one antenna member. Even in the case of a lamp to which an antenna composed of one antenna member is attached, electric field concentration occurs at the tip of the antenna, so that even a high-pressure lamp can be lit. In this case, the region where the electric field concentrates is wider than in the case of the gap, and the light emitting portion is also widened.

As described above, in the present embodiment, electromagnetic waves are directly supplied to the inside of the discharge vessel through the antenna, and the electromagnetic field is locally concentrated near the tip of the antenna, so that the high-pressure gas enclosed in the discharge vessel is efficiently used. It can be discharged well. When the enclosed gas is high pressure, high-temperature and high-density plasma is generated, and because the gas pressure in the lamp is high, the diffusion speed of the high-temperature and high-density plasma is slow. To emit light with high brightness. Not only high-pressure argon and xenon sealed as a mother gas but also NaI and ScI can be sealed as additives, and easily ionized to emit light, so that light emission with high color rendering properties and high light emission efficiency can be obtained. The gas shown in Table 1 that can be used in a discharge lamp, a metal halide lamp, and an HID lamp can be used as the mother gas and the additive. Furthermore, molecular gases such as S _{2 that} are used in recent years can also be used.

  In this embodiment, since the electromagnetic wave is directly supplied to the inside of the discharge vessel via the antenna, it is possible to prevent the electromagnetic wave from heating the discharge vessel and melting and destroying the discharge vessel, and the tip is sharp. Since the antenna has a simple antenna shape, the electromagnetic waves are locally concentrated and can be discharged even with a low electromagnetic wave input.

  Further, since the antenna is covered with an insulator, a chemical reaction between the metal on the antenna surface and the lamp enclosure does not occur, and various enclosures for improving luminous efficiency and color rendering can be used.

  In alternating current and direct current lighting, heat generated by electrons and ions flowing into the electrode causes the electrode to be consumed, and lighting conditions are deteriorated. For this reason, various measures to improve cooling and heat conduction from the electrodes are required, but in this embodiment, the electromagnetic wave supplied via the antenna starts and maintains the discharge, so that AC lighting and DC lighting are used. In contrast, electrons and ions do not flow into the antenna, and the heat generated by the electrons flowing into the electrodes can be completely eliminated. As a result, there is little heating of the antenna at the time of lighting, no special cooling or a device for releasing heat by increasing the heat conduction of the electrodes is required, and the light emission efficiency is improved.

  The present embodiment can be applied to medium-sized and large-sized high-pressure HID lamps by changing the frequency of electromagnetic waves and the antenna shape.

  Since the launcher of this embodiment is not covered with a metal wall or mesh, light distribution control can be performed.

  Next, a modified example of the discharge lamp of the present invention will be described. The discharge lamp of FIG. 4 is obtained by not covering each of the antenna members with an insulator in the discharge lamp of FIG. Since the covering of the antenna member with the insulator is not necessarily required depending on the luminescent material sealed in the discharge vessel, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by omitting the covering of the antenna member with the insulator.

  The discharge lamp shown in FIG. 5 is an antenna configured with one antenna member of the discharge lamp shown in FIG.

  The discharge lamp shown in FIG. 6 uses a rod-shaped antenna member having a substantially constant diameter instead of the antenna member having a sharp tip at the tip of the discharge lamp shown in FIG. According to this discharge lamp, the tip of the antenna member is covered with the insulator, so that substantial electrodeless discharge can be performed.

  The discharge lamp of FIG. 7 is such that the antenna member is not covered with an insulator in the discharge lamp of FIG.

  The discharge lamp shown in FIG. 8 is an antenna configured with one antenna member of the discharge lamp shown in FIG.

  The discharge lamp shown in FIG. 9 has a single antenna member for the discharge lamp shown in FIG.

  Next, another embodiment of the launcher will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, an insulator 14D such as quartz, alumina, or polyethylene is interposed between the outer surface of the inner cylindrical member 14A and the inner surface of the outer cylindrical member 14B. In the present embodiment, since the insulator is interposed in the waveguide, the waveguide efficiency can be improved.

  FIG. 11 shows the dependence of the microwave power (W) on the luminous flux F (lm) and the luminous efficiency η (lm / W) of the present embodiment when 2.45 GHz microwave is used. As understood from the figure, in this embodiment, dimming is possible by changing the microwave power. In the solid-state microwave oscillator, the microwave can be easily modulated.

  This embodiment can also be applied to various high-pressure HID lamps such as a cluster lamp, a sulfur lamp, a metal halide lamp, a high-pressure sodium lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, and a high-pressure xenon lamp.

  In the present embodiment, the driving voltage is about DC 28-30V, which is much lower than the 4 kV anode voltage of the magnetron, so that the safety is high. In addition, an automobile battery can be used as a power source.

  It can be widely used for automobile headlights, projector backlights, stage lighting, and spotlights for exhibits.

  In the above embodiment, when a high-pressure sealed lamp is used, before the electromagnetic wave leaks to the outside of the lamp, it is consumed for the start and maintenance of discharge at the center of the lamp. For this reason, when the microwave is used, the leakage of the microwave to the outside of the lamp is completely suppressed, so that a special microwave shielding device is not required and the size can be reduced.

  Further, when the tip portions of the pair of antenna members are sharpened, an effect of obtaining a point light source can be obtained.

  Furthermore, since the microwave can be directly guided to the discharge lamp by the coaxial cable in this embodiment, the lamp lighting system can be remarkably reduced in weight and size. In addition, in order to avoid destruction due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the antenna metal material and the insulator, rod-shaped or plate-shaped tungsten may be connected to both ends of the molybdenum plate. In this embodiment, high-frequency power is consumed with high efficiency in the discharge part for light emission, and almost no heat is generated at the antenna junction of the discharge vessel as shown by the temperature distribution of the discharge lamp shown in FIG. Therefore, a configuration not using this is possible and the cost is reduced.

  Further, when adjusted by controlling the high-frequency power output of the magnetron oscillator or solid-state microwave oscillator, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the input high-frequency power and the amount of light are approximately linearly proportional, and the conventional discharge light source Since the ballast used in is unnecessary, unlike the conventional discharge light source, dimming from a small light amount to a large light amount is very easy.

  In the above embodiment, the example in which the internal cylindrical member and the antenna are separately configured and the antenna is inserted into the internal cylindrical member has been described. However, at least the antenna is protruded by projecting an internal conductor such as the internal cylindrical member. You may make it comprise a part. That is, when the antenna is composed of one antenna member, the antenna may be configured by projecting the inner conductor. When the antenna is composed of a pair of antenna members, the inner conductor is The antenna member on the inner conductor side may be formed by projecting.

  When the solid-state microwave oscillator is used in the present embodiment, the pulse modulation of the microwave can be easily performed. Therefore, the pulse modulation repetition frequency f = 5 kHz to 50 kHz at the discharge light emission pulse width time of 10 μS and the afterglow time of 10 μS. The lamp efficiency η (lm / W) could be improved by lighting the lamp with a microwave pulse of. Such a pulse modulation can be performed using a magnetron oscillator, but it is easier to use a solid-state microwave oscillator.

  FIG. 12 shows the lamp efficiency, total luminous flux, and lamp inner wall temperature at the time of steady-state oscillation, duty ratio; R = 50% of 250 Hz and 10 kHz microwave pulses. It was confirmed that η> 150 lm / W at 10 kHz. η depends on f and R. In general, η can be improved by increasing f and simultaneously decreasing R.

  In addition, the high impedance part of this Embodiment can be formed as a high impedance part provided with at least 1 of resistance, capacitive, and inductance. In the above description, the example in which the high impedance portion is formed in the antenna by arranging the pair of antenna members to face each other with a predetermined interval has been described. However, the antenna members are arranged with a predetermined interval as shown in FIG. A high impedance part may be formed by forming a frustoconical part 30 whose front ends are opposed to each other at a predetermined interval between the front ends of the pair of antenna members, and in this case, the frustoconical part 30 may be on one side. As shown in FIG. 13 (2), the opposite ends of a pair of antenna members arranged at a predetermined interval are connected by a connecting member 32 having a diameter smaller than that of the antenna member, thereby narrowing the middle portion of the antenna. A high-impedance part may be formed, and as shown in FIG. 13 (3), the opposing tips of a pair of antenna members arranged at a predetermined interval are connected by a zigzag-shaped connecting member 34. A high impedance portion may be formed by connecting the opposite ends of a pair of antenna members disposed at a predetermined interval as shown in FIG. An impedance part may be formed, and as shown in FIG. 13 (5), a high impedance part is formed by attaching flat plates 38 opposed to each other at a predetermined interval to opposite ends of a pair of antenna members arranged at a predetermined interval. May be formed.

  In the above description, the example in which the pair of antenna members are arranged in a straight line has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 14A, the pair of antenna members are arranged so that the angle formed by the pair of antenna members is 90 degrees. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14 (1), the angle formed by the pair of antenna members may be any angle within the range of 0 to 90 degrees, or 90 to 180 degrees.

    In the above description, the antenna member is inserted into the inner conductor so that the antenna member does not come into contact with the inner conductor. However, as shown in FIG. A portion exposed to the outside of the discharge vessel of the antenna member may be inserted into the long hole of the attachment portion 14C having a long hole drilled in the antenna member, and the antenna member and the internal conductor may be brought into contact with each other, as shown in FIG. As shown, the inner conductor is solid, and a flat plate 40 is provided so as to face the end of the inner conductor and a portion of the antenna member exposed to the outside of the discharge vessel at a predetermined interval. The antenna member and the inner conductor may be coupled via a capacitive discontinuity configured by

It is the schematic which shows embodiment of the discharge lamp apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the discharge lamp and launcher of embodiment of FIG. It is the schematic when the antenna of the discharge lamp of FIG. 2 is made into one. FIG. 3 is a schematic view when the antenna is not covered with an insulator in the discharge lamp of FIG. 2. It is the schematic when the antenna of the discharge lamp of FIG. 4 is made into one. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram when a rod-shaped antenna having a substantially constant diameter is used instead of an antenna having a sharp tip at the tip of the discharge lamp of FIG. 2. FIG. 7 is a schematic view when the antenna is not covered with an insulator in the discharge lamp of FIG. 6. It is the schematic at the time of using the antenna of the discharge lamp of FIG. It is the schematic at the time of using the antenna of the discharge lamp of FIG. It is the schematic which shows other embodiment of a launcher. It is a diagram which shows the dependence of the microwave power (W) of the light beam F (lm) when using a microwave, and luminous efficiency (eta) (lm / W). FIG. 7 is a diagram showing changes in lamp efficiency, total luminous flux, and lamp inner wall temperature with respect to microwave power at the time of steady-state oscillation, duty ratio; R = 50% of 250 Hz and 10 kHz microwave pulses. It is the schematic which shows the other example of the high impedance part of the antenna of this Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of arrangement | positioning of the antenna member of this Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the other connection state of the antenna member and internal conductor of this Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Lamp 10A Discharge space 10B Discharge vessel 10D Antenna member 10C Rod-shaped member 12 Discharge lamp lighting device 14 Launcher 14A Internal cylindrical member 14B External cylindrical member 16 Parabolic reflector 18 Coaxial cable 20 Solid oscillator 22 DC power supply

Claims (15)

An electromagnetic wave generator,
An electromagnetic wave waveguide having an inner conductor through which an electromagnetic wave is guided from the electromagnetic wave generation unit;
An antenna that is partially or wholly configured by projecting the inner conductor from the electromagnetic wave waveguide, or that is in contact with or spaced from the inner conductor, and light transmission that surrounds at least a portion of the antenna A discharge lamp having a discharge vessel formed of a non-conductive member having a property and having a luminescent material enclosed therein;
Discharge lamp device including.   The discharge lamp device according to claim 1, wherein a high impedance portion having a high impedance is provided in a portion of the antenna located in the discharge vessel. A discharge vessel formed of a non-conductive member having light permeability and encapsulating a luminescent material therein;
An antenna comprising an antenna member provided so that at least one end is exposed to the outside of the discharge vessel;
Including discharge lamp.   The discharge lamp of Claim 3 which provided the high impedance part with a high impedance in the part located in the said discharge container of the said antenna.   One antenna member provided so that one end protrudes inside the discharge vessel and the other end is exposed to the outside of the discharge vessel, or a portion protruding inside the discharge vessel faces the antenna. The discharge lamp of Claim 3 comprised with the pair of antenna member arrange | positioned in this way.   The discharge lamp according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein a portion of the antenna member that protrudes into the discharge vessel is covered with an insulator.   The discharge lamp according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein a portion of the antenna member that protrudes into the discharge vessel is sharpened. A discharge lamp lighting device for lighting a discharge lamp provided with an antenna,
An electromagnetic wave generator for generating electromagnetic waves;
An inner conductor provided at one end with a mounting portion to which the discharge lamp is mounted by inserting a portion provided with the antenna of the discharge lamp, and an outer conductor provided so as to surround the inner conductor; An electromagnetic wave waveguide portion formed with a waveguide for guiding the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generation portion to a discharge lamp attached to the attachment portion between the outer side surface of the outer conductor and the inner side surface of the outer conductor;
A discharge lamp lighting device including:   The discharge lamp lighting device according to claim 8, further comprising a coaxial cable for guiding the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generation unit to the electromagnetic wave waveguide unit.   The discharge lamp lighting device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein an insulator is interposed between an outer surface of the inner conductor and an inner surface of the outer conductor.   The discharge lamp lighting device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the discharge lamp is the discharge lamp according to any one of claims 3 to 7. The discharge lamp according to any one of claims 3 to 7,
An electromagnetic wave generator for generating electromagnetic waves;
An inner conductor provided at one end with a mounting portion to which the discharge lamp is mounted by inserting a portion provided with the antenna of the discharge lamp, and an outer conductor provided so as to surround the inner conductor; An electromagnetic wave waveguide portion formed with a waveguide for guiding the electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generation portion to a discharge lamp attached to the attachment portion between the outer side surface of the outer conductor and the inner side surface of the outer conductor;
Discharge lamp device including.   The discharge lamp device according to claim 1, further comprising a coaxial cable that guides an electromagnetic wave generated by the electromagnetic wave generation unit to the electromagnetic wave guide unit.   The discharge lamp lighting device according to claim 1, 2, 12, or 13, wherein an insulator is interposed on the outer surface side of the inner conductor.   The discharge lamp lighting device according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein a gap is provided between the antenna and the inner conductor, or the antenna and the inner conductor are brought into direct contact with each other.

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