JP2007106186A - Power storage device of dc electric railway - Google Patents

Power storage device of dc electric railway Download PDF

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JP2007106186A
JP2007106186A JP2005297066A JP2005297066A JP2007106186A JP 2007106186 A JP2007106186 A JP 2007106186A JP 2005297066 A JP2005297066 A JP 2005297066A JP 2005297066 A JP2005297066 A JP 2005297066A JP 2007106186 A JP2007106186 A JP 2007106186A
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voltage
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power storage
regenerative
electric vehicle
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JP4848729B2 (en
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Tadashi Kamimura
正 上村
Koichi Ide
浩一 井手
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Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Priority to MYPI20080959A priority patent/MY141103A/en
Priority to CN2006800378678A priority patent/CN101282855B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2006/316222 priority patent/WO2007043242A1/en
Priority to KR1020087008567A priority patent/KR100998873B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60M3/00—Feeding power to supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power
    • B60M3/06—Arrangements for consuming regenerative power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent regenerative invalidation of an electric vehicle and carry out overvoltage protection of an electric double layer capacitor without requiring load resistance equipment and increasing capacity of a capacitor in a power storage device which carries out supply of running electric power and absorption of regenerative electric power of the electric vehicle by charging and discharging of the electric double layer capacitor through a step up/down chopper. <P>SOLUTION: The electric vehicle 2 has a pantograph point voltage which is above a specified value and has the function of narrowing a regenerative current from 100% to 0% in accordance with the voltage. A control part 4C of the step up/down chopper 4B carries out regenerative invalidation protection control for increasing a feeder voltage till a voltage at which regenerative current narrowing control function of the electric vehicle 2 operates when the electric double layer capacitor 4A is charged to an arbitrary voltage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、電気車の力行電力を供給または回生電力を吸収する直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置に係り、特に電力貯蔵媒体が任意の電圧以上に充電された場合の電気車の回生失効を防止する装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a power storage device for a DC electric railway that supplies power running power of an electric vehicle or absorbs regenerative power, and in particular prevents regenerative invalidation of the electric vehicle when a power storage medium is charged to an arbitrary voltage or higher. Relates to the device.

一般に、回生車両のすべての回生電力を力行車両で利用するとは限らず、この利用されない回生電力が余剰電力となってしまう。そこで、これら余剰な回生電力の有効利用を図るために、き電線と並列に電力貯蔵媒体と直流／直流変換装置で構成した電力貯蔵装置を設け、余剰な回生電力を電力貯蔵媒体に吸収する方式がある。   Generally, not all regenerative electric power of a regenerative vehicle is used in a power running vehicle, and this regenerated electric power that is not used becomes surplus electric power. Therefore, in order to effectively use the surplus regenerative power, a power storage device composed of a power storage medium and a DC / DC converter is provided in parallel with the feeder, and the surplus regenerative power is absorbed by the power storage medium. There is.

前記電力貯蔵装置の問題点としては、電力貯蔵媒体が満充電となった場合には、それ以上の回生電力を吸収できなくなることである。この満充電状態で電気車の回生制動が発生した場合、電気車側で回生失効（電気制動不能）となり回生動作を停止し、電気ブレーキから機械ブレーキに制動方式の切り替えを行うが切り替え操作による制動遅れが生じる。この制動遅れにより、機械ブレーキを急制動することで、電気車の定点停止の失敗、車輪とブレーキシューの磨耗増による寿命短縮などの問題が残る。   The problem with the power storage device is that when the power storage medium is fully charged, no more regenerative power can be absorbed. If regenerative braking of the electric vehicle occurs in this fully charged state, the regenerative invalidation (electric braking is impossible) occurs on the electric vehicle side, the regenerative operation is stopped, and the braking method is switched from the electric brake to the mechanical brake. There is a delay. Due to this braking delay, sudden braking of the mechanical brake causes problems such as failure to stop the electric vehicle at a fixed point and shortening the service life due to increased wear of the wheels and brake shoes.

これらの問題を解消するため、電気二重層キャパシタと並列にスイッチを介して負荷抵抗を設け、前記キャパシタが満充電状態になったことを過電圧検出器で検出し、該スイッチを閉じて回生電流を負荷抵抗にバイパスし、負荷抵抗により回生電力を熱として消費させることで、電気二重層キャパシタを過電圧から保護する方式が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   In order to solve these problems, a load resistance is provided through a switch in parallel with the electric double layer capacitor, the overvoltage detector detects that the capacitor is fully charged, and the switch is closed to generate a regenerative current. There has been proposed a method for protecting an electric double layer capacitor from overvoltage by bypassing the load resistor and consuming regenerative power as heat by the load resistor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

他の方式として、キャパシタの電圧が所定の設定値以上であることを検出したときに、き電変電所の主機（半導体電力変換器、タップ付変圧器など）の制御装置に出力電圧を下げる制御指令を与え、き電線電圧の過電圧防止および電気二重層キャパシタを過電圧から保護する方式が提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。
特開２００１−２０６１１０号公報 特開２００３−２３７４３１号公報 As another method, control to lower the output voltage to the control device of the main unit (semiconductor power converter, tapped transformer, etc.) of the feeder substation when it detects that the voltage of the capacitor is higher than the preset value A method has been proposed in which a command is given to prevent overvoltage of the feeder line voltage and to protect the electric double layer capacitor from overvoltage (for example, see Patent Document 2).
JP 2001-206110 A JP 2003-237431 A

従来の特許文献１の方式は、電気二重層キャパシタが満充電状態の時に電気車からの回生電流を負荷抵抗にバイパスして回生電力を吸収する。この方式では、電気車の回生失効の防止と電気二重層キャパシタの過電圧保護は出来るが、負荷抵抗設備と当該設備が発生する熱量の放散処理のための換気設備や放熱設備が必要であり、これら設備の設置スペースの確保と設備費用が必要となる。また、電気二重層キャパシタの容量を大きくすることで、負荷抵抗による電力吸収の機会を減らすことができるが、これは電気二重層キャパシタが大型化し、また高価なものになる。   The conventional method of Patent Document 1 absorbs regenerative power by bypassing the regenerative current from the electric vehicle to the load resistance when the electric double layer capacitor is fully charged. Although this method can prevent regenerative loss of electric vehicles and overvoltage protection of electric double layer capacitors, it requires load resistance equipment and ventilation equipment and heat dissipation equipment for dissipating heat generated by the equipment. Securing equipment installation space and equipment costs are required. In addition, by increasing the capacity of the electric double layer capacitor, it is possible to reduce the chance of power absorption by the load resistance. However, this increases the size and cost of the electric double layer capacitor.

特許文献２の方式は、キャパシタの電圧が所定の設定値以上のときにき電変電所の出力電圧を下げる制御を行うが、他の力行車両が存在しない場合にはき電線の電圧を下げることが出来ない。このため、電気車からの回生電力によるキャパシタの過電圧を確実に保護出来るとは限らず、他の電気車の運行状態に左右されてしまう。また、既設のき電変電所がタップ付き変圧器や半導体電力変換器による出力電圧調節機能を持たない場合、き電変電所自体を新規に設備しない限り適用できない。従って、適用できるき電設備が限られ、適用できない設備の場合には設備自体の交換となり多大な設備費用を要することになる。   The method of Patent Document 2 performs control to lower the output voltage of the feeder substation when the voltage of the capacitor is equal to or higher than a predetermined set value, but lowers the voltage of the feeder when there is no other power running vehicle. I can't. For this reason, the overvoltage of the capacitor due to the regenerative electric power from the electric vehicle is not always reliably protected, and depends on the operating state of other electric vehicles. In addition, when the existing feeder substation does not have an output voltage adjustment function using a tapped transformer or a semiconductor power converter, it cannot be applied unless the feeder substation itself is newly installed. Accordingly, the power feeding equipment that can be applied is limited, and in the case of equipment that cannot be applied, the equipment itself is replaced, and a large equipment cost is required.

本発明の目的は、電気車の力行電力の供給または回生電力の吸収を直流／直流変換装置による電力貯蔵媒体の充放電で行う電力貯蔵装置において、電気車の回生失効の防止と電力貯蔵媒体の確実な過電圧保護を行い、かつ負荷抵抗設備および換気設備や放熱設備が不要であると共に電力貯蔵媒体を大型化することが無く、さらに既設のき電変電所設備の利用が可能な直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a power storage device that supplies power running power to an electric vehicle or absorbs regenerative power by charging / discharging the power storage medium using a DC / DC converter, and prevents regenerative invalidation of the electric vehicle and A DC electric railway that provides reliable overvoltage protection, eliminates the need for load resistance equipment, ventilation equipment, and heat dissipation equipment, does not increase the size of the power storage medium, and allows the use of existing feeder substation equipment. It is to provide a power storage device.

本発明は、前記の課題を解決するため、電気車がもつ回生電流絞り込み制御機能（規定値以上のパンタ点電圧に応じて回生電流を１００％から０％に絞り込む機能）を利用し、電力貯蔵媒体の電圧上昇に応じて、き電線の電圧を上昇させる直流／直流変換装置の回生失効防止制御手段を設けたもので、以下の構成を特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention utilizes a regenerative current narrowing control function (a function of narrowing the regenerative current from 100% to 0% according to the pant point voltage above a specified value) possessed by an electric vehicle to store power. This is provided with a regeneration / expiration prevention control means for a DC / DC converter that raises the voltage of the feeder according to the voltage increase of the medium, and has the following configuration.

（１）電気車の力行電力の供給または回生電流絞り込み制御機能をもつ電気車の回生電力の吸収を直流／直流変換装置による電力貯蔵媒体の充放電で行う直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置において、
前記直流／直流変換装置は、前記電力貯蔵媒体が任意の電圧まで充電されたとき、前記電気車の回生電流絞り込み制御機能が動作する電圧までき電線の電圧を上昇させる回生失効防止制御手段を設けたことを特徴とする。 (1) In a power storage device of a DC electric railway that supplies power running power of an electric vehicle or absorbs regenerative power of an electric vehicle having a regenerative current narrowing control function by charging and discharging a power storage medium by a DC / DC converter.
The DC / DC converter is provided with regenerative expiration prevention control means for increasing the voltage of the electric wire up to a voltage at which the regenerative current narrowing control function of the electric vehicle operates when the power storage medium is charged to an arbitrary voltage. It is characterized by that.

（２）電気車の力行電力の供給または回生電流絞り込み制御機能をもつ電気車の回生電力の吸収を直流／直流変換装置による電力貯蔵媒体の充放電で行う直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置において、
前記直流／直流変換装置は、前記電力貯蔵媒体が満充電電圧まで充電されたとき、前記電気車の回生電流が零となる電圧までき電線の電圧を上昇させる回生失効防止制御手段を設けたことを特徴とする。 (2) In a power storage device for a DC electric railway that supplies power running power of an electric vehicle or absorbs regenerative power of an electric vehicle having a regenerative current narrowing control function by charging and discharging a power storage medium by a DC / DC converter.
The DC / DC converter is provided with regenerative expiration prevention control means for increasing the voltage of the electric wire to a voltage at which the regenerative current of the electric vehicle becomes zero when the power storage medium is charged to a fully charged voltage. It is characterized by.

（３）電気車の力行電力の供給または回生電流絞り込み制御機能をもつ電気車の回生電力の吸収を直流／直流変換装置による電力貯蔵媒体の充放電で行う直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置において、
前記直流／直流変換装置は、前記電力貯蔵媒体が任意の電圧まで充電されたとき、前記電気車の回生電流絞り込み制御機能が動作する電圧までき電線の電圧を上昇させ、前記電力貯蔵媒体の電圧上昇に応じてき電線の電圧も上昇させて回生電流の絞り込み量を大きくし、前記電力貯蔵媒体が満充電電圧まで充電されたとき、前記電気車の回生電流絞り込み制御機能により回生電流が零となる電圧までき電線の電圧を上昇させる回生失効防止制御手段を設けたことを特徴とする。 (3) In a power storage device for a DC electric railway that supplies power running power of an electric vehicle or absorbs regenerative power of an electric vehicle having a regenerative current narrowing control function by charging and discharging a power storage medium by a DC / DC converter.
When the power storage medium is charged to an arbitrary voltage, the DC / DC converter increases the voltage of the electric wire to a voltage at which the regenerative current narrowing control function of the electric vehicle operates, and the voltage of the power storage medium In response to the increase, the voltage of the electric wire is also increased to increase the amount of regenerative current, and when the power storage medium is charged to the full charge voltage, the regenerative current is reduced to zero by the regenerative current narrowing control function of the electric vehicle. Regenerative expiration prevention control means for increasing the voltage of the electric wire up to the voltage is provided.

（４）前記直流／直流変換装置は、昇降圧チョッパであることを特徴とする。   (4) The DC / DC converter is a step-up / down chopper.

（５）前記電力貯蔵媒体は、電気二重層キャパシタであることを特徴とする。   (5) The power storage medium is an electric double layer capacitor.

以上のとおり、本発明の電力貯蔵装置によれば、電力貯蔵媒体の電圧上昇に応じてき電線の電圧を上昇させる制御手段を設けたため、以下の効果がある。   As described above, according to the power storage device of the present invention, since the control means for increasing the voltage of the electric wire in response to the voltage increase of the power storage medium is provided, the following effects can be obtained.

（１）電気車の回生失効を防止できる。   (1) Regeneration of electric cars can be prevented from becoming invalid.

（２）電力貯蔵媒体を過電圧から保護できる。   (2) The power storage medium can be protected from overvoltage.

（３）電力貯蔵媒体が小容量のもので済むため、貯蔵媒体の小型化とコストダウンを図ることができる。   (3) Since the power storage medium needs only a small capacity, the storage medium can be reduced in size and cost.

（４）負荷抵抗設備および換気設備や放熱設備が不要となるため、当該設備の設置スペースを省略できかつ設備費用のコストダウンを図ることができる。   (4) Since load resistance equipment, ventilation equipment, and heat radiation equipment are not required, the installation space for the equipment can be omitted and the cost of equipment can be reduced.

（５）既設のき電変電所設備が利用可能で設備の交換または改造が不要であるため、適用路線を選ばず設備の交換または改造の費用が掛からない。   (5) Since existing feeder substation equipment can be used and equipment replacement or modification is not required, there is no need to replace or modify equipment regardless of the applicable route.

図１は、本発明の実施形態を示す直流電気鉄道用き電システムの要部構成図である。   FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a feeding system for a DC electric railway showing an embodiment of the present invention.

本実施形態を適用する電力貯蔵装置は、電気車が回生電流絞り込み制御機能をもつものとする。この制御機能は、既存の電気車に装備されるものであり、電気車のパンタ点電圧を監視し、この電圧が規定値以上のときにはそれに応じて回生電流を１００％から０％に絞り込むことにより、過剰にパンタ点電圧が上昇するのを防止する。一般的には、ＤＣ１５００Ｖ系の電気車では、図２に示すように、パンタ点電圧がＤＣ１６００Ｖ以下では絞り率１.０（絞り量０％）、ＤＣ１８００Ｖ以上で絞り率０（絞り量１００％）とし、１６００Ｖ〜１８００Ｖの間は電圧に比例して直線的に絞り率を０に向けて下げ、回生電流を抑制する。この回生電流の絞り込みによる余剰の回生電力は機械ブレーキにより吸収される。また、本実施例の説明では、電力貯蔵媒体として電気二重層キャパシタ４Ａ、直流／直流変換装置として昇降圧チョッパ４Ｂを適用した例であるが、電力貯蔵媒体４Ａと直流／直流変換装置４Ｂは本実施例に限定されるものではない。   In the power storage device to which this embodiment is applied, the electric vehicle has a regenerative current narrowing control function. This control function is installed in an existing electric vehicle. By monitoring the punter voltage of the electric vehicle and when this voltage exceeds the specified value, the regenerative current is reduced from 100% to 0% accordingly. , To prevent an excessive increase in the punter voltage. Generally, in a DC1500V electric vehicle, as shown in FIG. 2, when the punter voltage is DC1600V or less, the aperture ratio is 1.0 (diaphragm amount 0%), and when DC1800V or more, the aperture ratio is 0 (diaphragm amount 100%). In the range from 1600V to 1800V, the aperture ratio is linearly reduced to 0 in proportion to the voltage to suppress the regenerative current. The surplus regenerative power due to the narrowing of the regenerative current is absorbed by the mechanical brake. In the description of this embodiment, the electric double layer capacitor 4A is applied as the power storage medium, and the step-up / step-down chopper 4B is applied as the DC / DC converter, but the power storage medium 4A and the DC / DC converter 4B are The present invention is not limited to the examples.

上記の回生電流絞り込み制御機能をもつ電気車で運用される直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置において、電力貯蔵装置４は、主回路を電気二重層キャパシタ４Ａと昇降圧チョッパ４Ｂで構成し、制御装置としてチョッパ制御部４Ｃを設ける。   In the power storage device of the DC electric railway operated in the electric vehicle having the regenerative current narrowing control function, the power storage device 4 includes a main circuit composed of the electric double layer capacitor 4A and the step-up / step-down chopper 4B as a control device. A chopper controller 4C is provided.

チョッパ制御部４Ｃは、従来の電力貯蔵装置に設けられるものと同様の充放電制御機能をもち、力行電力の供給と回生電力の吸収ができるように、き電線電圧の検出信号Ｖｔと、充放電制御電圧との突き合わせによって、昇降圧チョッパ４Ｂの昇降圧動作の切り替えと導通率制御を行う。   The chopper control unit 4C has a charge / discharge control function similar to that provided in the conventional power storage device, so that the power line power supply and regenerative power can be absorbed, and the feeder voltage detection signal Vt and the charge / discharge Switching of the step-up / step-down operation of the step-up / step-down chopper 4B and continuity control are performed by matching with the control voltage.

例えば、チョッパ制御部４Ｃは、電気車の力行運転によってき電線電圧Ｖｔが低下して規定値以下のときにチョッパ４Ｂを昇圧動作させ、力行電力の一部あるいは全部をキャパシタ４Ａから放電電力として供給する。逆に、チョッパ制御部４Ｃは、電気車の回生制動によってき電線電圧Ｖｔが上昇して規定値以上のときにチョッパ４Ｂを降圧動作させ、回生電力の一部あるいは全部をキャパシタ４Ａに充電電力として吸収する。これら充放電制御に際して、チョッパ４Ｂの導通率制御により必要とする充放電電力を調整する。   For example, the chopper controller 4C boosts the chopper 4B when the feeder voltage Vt is reduced by a power running operation of the electric vehicle and is below a specified value, and a part or all of the power running power is supplied as discharge power from the capacitor 4A. To do. Conversely, the chopper control unit 4C causes the chopper 4B to perform a step-down operation when the feeder voltage Vt increases due to regenerative braking of the electric vehicle and exceeds a specified value, and a part or all of the regenerative power is charged to the capacitor 4A as charging power. Absorb. In the charge / discharge control, the necessary charge / discharge power is adjusted by controlling the conductivity of the chopper 4B.

これら充放電制御機能に加えて、本実施形態のチョッパ制御部４Ｃは、電気二重層キャパシタ４Ａが任意の電圧まで充電されたときに、電気車自身がもつ回生電流絞り込み制御機能が動作する電圧までき電線の電圧を上昇させる回生失効防止制御手段を設ける。また、図３に例示する通りにキャパシタ４Ａの電圧上昇に応じてき電線電圧も上昇させて電気車の回生電流の絞り込み量を大きくし、キャパシタ４Ａが満充電電圧まで充電されるときには回生電流が零となるように制御する。この回生失効防止制御手段により、負荷抵抗設備を設けずにかつキャパシタ４Ａの容量を増やすことなく、キャパシタ４Ａが満充電電圧を越えて充電されるのを防止して過電圧から保護すると共に、電気車が持つ回生電流絞り込み機能により電気車の回生失効を防止する。   In addition to these charge / discharge control functions, the chopper controller 4C of the present embodiment adjusts the voltage at which the regenerative current narrowing control function of the electric vehicle itself operates when the electric double layer capacitor 4A is charged to an arbitrary voltage. A regenerative expiration prevention control means for increasing the voltage of the electric wire is provided. Further, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the electric wire voltage is increased in response to the increase in the voltage of the capacitor 4A to increase the amount of reduction in the regenerative current of the electric vehicle. When the capacitor 4A is charged to the full charge voltage, the regenerative current is zero. Control to be This regeneration / expiration prevention control means protects the capacitor 4A from overvoltage by preventing the capacitor 4A from being charged beyond the full charge voltage without providing a load resistance facility and without increasing the capacity of the capacitor 4A. Regenerative current narrowing function of the electric car prevents regeneration invalidity of the electric car.

以下に、図３に基づいてＤＣ１５００Ｖ系のき電系統を例として、電気二重層キャパシタ４Ａの使用電圧範囲をＤＣ４００Ｖ〜１０００Ｖ（満充電電圧）とした場合の回生失効防止制御手段の動作について説明をする。   The operation of the regeneration / deactivation prevention control means when the operating voltage range of the electric double layer capacitor 4A is set to DC 400V to 1000V (full charge voltage) will be described below with reference to FIG. To do.

まず、キャパシタ４Ａの電圧が４００Ｖ〜８００Ｖの範囲では、チョッパ制御部４Ｃはき電線の電圧が１６５０Ｖ程度になるようにキャパシタ４Ａの充放電制御（定常制御）を行い、電気車の回生電流はその１００％がほぼ回生される。   First, when the voltage of the capacitor 4A is in the range of 400V to 800V, the charge / discharge control (steady control) of the capacitor 4A is performed so that the voltage of the chopper control unit 4C feeder wire is about 1650V. 100% is almost regenerated.

キャパシタ４Ａの電圧が１０００Ｖ（満充電電圧）に近づき規定値である８００Ｖ以上となった場合、チョッパ制御部４Ｃの回生失効防止制御手段によりき電線の電圧を上昇させて、これにより電気車２自身がもつ回生電流絞り込み制御機能が動作し始めて回生電流が減少する。この時、昇降圧チョッパ４Ｂはその導通率制御によって、キャパシタ４Ａの電圧が８００Ｖ〜１０００Ｖ（満充電電圧）の範囲では、き電線の電圧を１６５０Ｖ〜１８００Ｖに制御することで電気車２は回生電流を絞り込む。特にキャパシタ４Ａが１０００Ｖ（満充電）では、き電線の電圧を１８００Ｖに制御することで電気車２の回生電流は零となる。   When the voltage of the capacitor 4A approaches 1000V (full charge voltage) and becomes a specified value of 800V or more, the voltage of the feeder line is raised by the regenerative expiration prevention control means of the chopper control unit 4C, thereby the electric vehicle 2 itself The regenerative current narrowing control function starts operating and the regenerative current decreases. At this time, the step-up / step-down chopper 4B controls the conduction rate so that the voltage of the feeder line is controlled to 1650V to 1800V when the voltage of the capacitor 4A is in the range of 800V to 1000V (full charge voltage). Narrow down. In particular, when the capacitor 4A is 1000V (fully charged), the regenerative current of the electric vehicle 2 becomes zero by controlling the voltage of the feeder line to 1800V.

従って、回生失効防止制御手段による制御中は、き電線の電圧上昇により電気車２には回生しきれない余剰エネルギーが残るが、回生電流絞り込み制御機能を利用しているため、前記き電線の電圧上昇により電気車２はキャパシタ４Ａの満充電電圧を超えて回生制動を行わず、回生失効前に機械ブレーキにより制動するため回生失効が起こらない。また、キャパシタ４Ａは満充電電圧を越えて充電されないので過電圧にならない。さらに回生失効が起こらないので、電気ブレーキから機械ブレーキへの制動方式の切り替えによる急制動が無く、電気車の定点停止の失敗および車輪とブレーキシューの磨耗増による寿命短縮などの問題は解消される。   Therefore, during the control by the regenerative invalidation prevention control means, surplus energy that cannot be regenerated remains due to the voltage rise of the feeder, but the regenerative current narrowing control function is used, so the voltage of the feeder Due to the rise, the electric vehicle 2 does not perform regenerative braking exceeding the fully charged voltage of the capacitor 4A, and regenerative invalidation does not occur because braking is performed by the mechanical brake before regenerative invalidation. Further, since the capacitor 4A is not charged exceeding the full charge voltage, it does not become an overvoltage. In addition, since regenerative invalidation does not occur, there is no sudden braking by switching the braking method from electric brake to mechanical brake, and problems such as failure to stop fixed points of electric cars and shortened life due to increased wear of wheels and brake shoes are solved. .

本発明の実施形態を示す直流電気鉄道用き電システムの要部構成図。The principal part block diagram of the feeding system for DC electric railways which shows embodiment of this invention. 電気車の回生電流絞り込み特性の例。An example of regenerative current narrowing characteristics of an electric vehicle. 定常制御および回生失効防止制御における各部の電流／電圧制御の例。The example of the current / voltage control of each part in steady control and regeneration invalidation prevention control.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ き電区分所
２ 電気車
３ き電変電所
４ 電力貯蔵装置
４Ａ 電気二重層キャパシタ
４Ｂ 昇降圧チョッパ
４Ｃ チョッパ制御部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Feeding section 2 Electric vehicle 3 Feeding substation 4 Power storage device 4A Electric double layer capacitor 4B Buck-boost chopper 4C Chopper control part

Claims (5)

電気車の力行電力の供給または回生電流絞り込み制御機能をもつ電気車の回生電力の吸収を直流／直流変換装置による電力貯蔵媒体の充放電で行う直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置において、
前記直流／直流変換装置は、前記電力貯蔵媒体が任意の電圧まで充電されたとき、前記電気車の回生電流絞り込み制御機能が動作する電圧までき電線の電圧を上昇させる回生失効防止制御手段を設けたことを特徴とする直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置。 In a power storage device of a DC electric railway that performs power supply power supply of an electric vehicle or absorption of regenerative power of an electric vehicle having a regenerative current narrowing control function by charging / discharging of a power storage medium by a DC / DC converter,
The DC / DC converter is provided with regenerative expiration prevention control means for increasing the voltage of the electric wire up to a voltage at which the regenerative current narrowing control function of the electric vehicle operates when the power storage medium is charged to an arbitrary voltage. A power storage device for a DC electric railway characterized by that. 電気車の力行電力の供給または回生電流絞り込み制御機能をもつ電気車の回生電力の吸収を直流／直流変換装置による電力貯蔵媒体の充放電で行う直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置において、
前記直流／直流変換装置は、前記電力貯蔵媒体が満充電電圧まで充電されたとき、前記電気車の回生電流絞り込み制御機能により回生電流が零となる電圧までき電線の電圧を上昇させる回生失効防止制御手段を設けたことを特徴とする直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置。 In a power storage device of a DC electric railway that performs power supply power supply of an electric vehicle or absorption of regenerative power of an electric vehicle having a regenerative current narrowing control function by charging / discharging of a power storage medium by a DC / DC converter,
The DC / DC converter prevents regenerative expiration by increasing the voltage of the electric wire to a voltage at which the regenerative current becomes zero by the regenerative current narrowing control function of the electric vehicle when the power storage medium is charged to a full charge voltage. A power storage device for a DC electric railway, comprising a control means. 電気車の力行電力の供給または回生電流絞り込み制御機能をもつ電気車の回生電力の吸収を直流／直流変換装置による電力貯蔵媒体の充放電で行う直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置において、
前記直流／直流変換装置は、前記電力貯蔵媒体が任意の電圧まで充電されたとき、前記電気車の回生電流絞り込み制御機能が動作する電圧までき電線の電圧を上昇させ、前記電力貯蔵媒体の電圧上昇に応じてき電線の電圧も上昇させて電気車の回生電流絞り込み量を大きくし、前記電力貯蔵媒体が満充電電圧まで充電されたとき、前記電気車の回生電流絞り込み制御機能により回生電流が零となる電圧までき電線の電圧を上昇させる回生失効防止制御手段を設けたことを特徴とする直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置。 In a power storage device of a DC electric railway that performs power supply power supply of an electric vehicle or absorption of regenerative power of an electric vehicle having a regenerative current narrowing control function by charging / discharging of a power storage medium by a DC / DC converter,
When the power storage medium is charged to an arbitrary voltage, the DC / DC converter increases the voltage of the electric wire to the voltage at which the regenerative current narrowing control function of the electric vehicle operates, and the voltage of the power storage medium In response to the increase, the voltage of the electric wire is also increased to increase the amount of electric current regenerative current, and when the electric power storage medium is charged to the full charge voltage, the electric vehicle regenerative current limiting control function reduces the regenerative current to zero. A power storage device for a DC electric railway, characterized in that regenerative expiration prevention control means for increasing the voltage of the electric wire up to the voltage to be provided is provided. 前記直流／直流変換装置は、昇降圧チョッパであることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３記載の直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置。 4. The DC electric railway power storage device according to claim 1, wherein the DC / DC converter is a step-up / step-down chopper. 前記電力貯蔵媒体は、電気二重層キャパシタであることを特徴とする請求項１乃至４記載の直流電気鉄道の電力貯蔵装置。 5. The power storage device for a DC electric railway according to claim 1, wherein the power storage medium is an electric double layer capacitor.
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JP2009027763A (en) * 2007-07-17 2009-02-05 Meidensha Corp Dc power storage unit
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