JP2007069121A

JP2007069121A - Cutting blade and shear crusher equipped with the same

Info

Publication number: JP2007069121A
Application number: JP2005258922A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Naoya Wada; 直哉和田; Masaru Matsumoto; 勝松本; Takashi Ashino; 隆史芦野; Natsuki Takemoto; 奈都記竹元
Original assignee: Kinki KK
Current assignee: Kinki KK
Priority date: 2005-09-07
Filing date: 2005-09-07
Publication date: 2007-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2025-09-07
Also published as: JP4892211B2

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting blade capable of stably performing shear crushing of even an object to be crushed like thermoplastic plastic that is softened by heat during shear crushing and becomes difficult to be crushed. SOLUTION: The cutting blade 1 is provided which is mounted on a plurality of rotary shafts for counterrotating inwardly to engage with each other and thereby to perform shear crushing of the object to be treated, wherein a plurality of protrusions 2 protruding in a radial direction from a circumference of the cutting blade 1 are disposed thereon, and a circular blade portion 5 around a rotary shaft protruding in a thickness direction of the cutting blade 1 is formed on a portion engaging with each other on the rotary shaft side of each of the protrusions 2. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、剪断作用により各種の被破砕物を細かく破砕する剪断式破砕機に用いられる切断刃とそれを備えた剪断式破砕機に関する。 The present invention relates to a cutting blade used in a shearing type crusher that finely crushes various objects to be crushed by a shearing action and a shearing type crusher provided with the cutting blade.

従来より、廃プラスチックや廃材、シュレッダーダスト、タイヤ、マットレス等のプラスチックや木片、紙、金属、ゴム、繊維、皮革等、あらゆる被破砕物を破砕する剪断式破砕機（シュレッダー）が知られている。 Conventionally, a shearing type crusher (shredder) that crushes all objects to be crushed, such as plastics such as waste plastics, waste materials, shredder dust, tires, mattresses, wood chips, paper, metal, rubber, fibers, leather, etc., is known. .

この種の剪断式破砕機としては、例えば、本出願人が先に出願した剪断式破砕機がある（特許文献１参照。）。この剪断式破砕機は、図１１の剪断式破砕機を示す平面図と、図１２に示す同剪断式破砕機の縦断面した側面図と、図１３に示す図１２のXIII−XIII断面図とに示すように、駆動軸１０１と従動軸１０２との軸方向に、複数の切断刃１０３がスペーサ１０４を挟むように交互に設けられている。これらの切断刃１０３は、例えば０．５ｍｍ〜１ｍｍ程度の微少隙間を設けた状態で互いの刃部１０５が噛合うようにラップした状態で配設されている。この切断刃１０３の外周に設けられた刃部１０５は、被破砕物１２０を引き込むとともに対向する切断刃１０３との間の剪断作用によって被破砕物１２０を破砕するものである。１０８は駆動機であり、歯車機構１０９を介して両軸１０１，１０２を駆動している。 As this type of shearing crusher, for example, there is a shearing crusher previously filed by the present applicant (see Patent Document 1). This shear crusher includes a plan view showing the shear crusher of FIG. 11, a side view of the shear crusher shown in FIG. 12, a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of cutting blades 103 are alternately provided in the axial direction of the drive shaft 101 and the driven shaft 102 so as to sandwich the spacer 104 therebetween. These cutting blades 103 are arranged in a state of being wrapped so that the respective blade portions 105 mesh with each other with a minute gap of about 0.5 mm to 1 mm, for example. The blade portion 105 provided on the outer periphery of the cutting blade 103 pulls the object to be crushed 120 and crushes the object to be crushed 120 by a shearing action between the cutting blade 103 facing the blade. Reference numeral 108 denotes a drive machine that drives both shafts 101 and 102 via a gear mechanism 109.

また、この切断刃１０３の破砕機本体１０６側には、切断刃１０３に付いた被破砕物１２０を掻き落とすスクレーパ１０７が設けられている。このスクレーパ１０７は切断刃１０３とスペーサ１０４の間の空間に入り込むような形状に形成されている。 Further, a scraper 107 for scraping off an object 120 attached to the cutting blade 103 is provided on the side of the crusher main body 106 of the cutting blade 103. The scraper 107 is formed in a shape that enters the space between the cutting blade 103 and the spacer 104.

そして、この剪断式破砕機１００による被破砕物１２０の破砕は、破砕機本体１０６の上部から被破砕物１２０を投入し、切断刃１０３で破砕した被破砕物１２０を下部から排出している。この被破砕物１２０には、近年、廃プラスチックが多く含まれており、例えば、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン、ポリカーボネート等の熱可塑性プラスチックも多く含まれている。
特開平８−３２３２３２号公報 In the crushing of the object to be crushed 120 by the shearing crusher 100, the object to be crushed 120 is input from the upper part of the crusher body 106, and the object to be crushed 120 crushed by the cutting blade 103 is discharged from the lower part. In recent years, the material to be crushed 120 contains a lot of waste plastics, for example, a lot of thermoplastic plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polycarbonate.
JP-A-8-323232

しかしながら、前記したように相互に噛合う切断刃は微小隙間で回転しているため、隣合う切断刃の噛合う側面は常に接触しながら回転している。これを図１４(a),(b) に示す一体型切断刃を例にした摩擦部分の図面に基いて説明すると、剪断破砕時に相互に噛合う切断刃は、全ての切断刃が噛合うときには斜線ｄで示すような大きな面積で接触しながら回転していることとなる。そのため、このように相互に噛合う切断刃１０３は、摩擦による発熱で表面温度が高くなる場合がある。そのため、この表面温度が高くなった切断刃で前記した熱可塑性プラスチックのような被破砕物１２０（図１３）を剪断破砕しようとすると、切断刃１０３の熱によって被破砕物が軟化し、切断刃１０３への巻き付きや、切断刃１０３への付着を生じる場合がある。 However, as described above, since the cutting blades that mesh with each other rotate with a minute gap, the meshing side surfaces of the adjacent cutting blades always rotate while in contact with each other. 14 (a) and 14 (b), this will be described with reference to the drawing of the friction part taking the integrated cutting blade as an example. It rotates while contacting in a large area as shown by the slanted line d. Therefore, the cutting blades 103 that mesh with each other in this way may have a high surface temperature due to heat generated by friction. Therefore, when trying to shear and crush the object 120 (FIG. 13) such as the above-described thermoplastic with the cutting blade having a high surface temperature, the object to be crushed is softened by the heat of the cutting blade 103, and the cutting blade In some cases, winding around 103 or adhesion to the cutting blade 103 may occur.

このように切断刃１０３に被破砕物１２０が巻き付いたり、付着すると、大きな駆動力が必要になると共に、切断刃の剪断力が悪化して破砕機としての性能を低下させてしまう。また、熱可塑性プラスチックのような被破砕物の場合には発火するおそれもある。 When the object 120 to be crushed is wound around or attached to the cutting blade 103 in this way, a large driving force is required, and the shearing force of the cutting blade is deteriorated to deteriorate the performance as a crusher. In addition, in the case of an object to be crushed such as a thermoplastic, there is a risk of ignition.

一方、近年、このような剪断式破砕機で破砕する被破砕物１２０には、プラスチックと金属とのように異なる材料を接着剤等で一体的に接合した複合材が多い。このような複合材の被破砕物は、破砕した被破砕物をリサイクルするためには、異なる材料毎に分離しなければならないので、複合材をそれぞれの材料毎に分離するような破砕が望まれている。 On the other hand, in recent years, there are many composite materials in which different materials such as plastic and metal are integrally joined with an adhesive or the like in the material 120 to be crushed by such a shearing crusher. Such a material to be crushed must be separated for each different material in order to recycle the crushed material to be crushed. Therefore, crushing such that the material is separated for each material is desired. ing.

しかも、前記特許文献１のように、破砕機本体１０６の上部から投入して破砕した被破砕物１２０をそのまま下部から排出する構成では、被破砕物１２０は切断刃１０３の間を一度通過したのみで排出されるため、被破砕物１２０によっては長尺物のままで排出される場合がある。この排出される長尺物の被破砕物１２０を小粒径とするための方法として、剪断式破砕機を多段に並設するか、他の細破砕機を後段に接地する方法が考えられるが、これらの場合には設備費用の大幅な増加や設置スペースの増大を伴うため、現実的には困難な場合が多い。 In addition, as in Patent Document 1, in the configuration in which the crushed object 120 that has been input and crushed from the upper part of the crusher body 106 is discharged from the lower part as it is, the crushed object 120 only passes between the cutting blades 103 once. Therefore, depending on the object to be crushed 120, it may be discharged as a long object. As a method for reducing the size of the long object to be crushed 120, there may be a method in which shear type crushers are arranged in multiple stages or another fine crusher is grounded in the subsequent stage. In these cases, there is a large increase in equipment costs and an increase in installation space.

そこで、本願発明は、熱可塑性プラスチックのように、剪断破砕時に熱で軟化して破砕し難くなる被破砕物でも、安定して剪断破砕できる切断刃と、それを備えた剪断式破砕機を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a cutting blade capable of stably shearing and crushing even a material to be crushed that is softened by heat at the time of shear crushing, such as thermoplastic plastic, and a shearing crusher equipped with the cutting blade The purpose is to do.

前記目的を達成するために、本発明の切断刃は、内向きに逆回転させる複数の回転軸に設けて相互に噛合わせることにより被処理物を剪断破砕する切断刃であって、該切断刃に、周囲から径方向に突出する複数の突起部を設け、該突起部の回転軸側における前記相互に噛合う部分に、該切断刃の厚み方向に突出する回転軸を中心とした環状の刃部を形成している。これにより、相互に噛合う切断刃の間では、突起部は接触することなく刃部のみが噛合って剪断破砕することになるので、切断刃の摩擦によって生じる発熱を抑制できる。これにより、熱で軟化するような被破砕物の破砕も安定して行える。 In order to achieve the above object, a cutting blade of the present invention is a cutting blade that shears and crushes an object to be processed by meshing with each other by being provided on a plurality of rotating shafts that are rotated inward and reversely. Provided with a plurality of protrusions protruding radially from the periphery, and an annular blade centering around the rotation axis protruding in the thickness direction of the cutting blade in the mutually engaging portion on the rotation axis side of the protrusion Forming part. Thereby, between the cutting blades meshing with each other, the protruding portions do not come into contact with each other and only the blade portions are meshed and sheared, so that heat generated by friction of the cutting blades can be suppressed. As a result, the object to be crushed that is softened by heat can be stably crushed.

また、前記突起部に、先端の回転方向前側で被破砕物を引っ掛ける爪状の角部を形成すれば、この角部で被破砕物を引っ掛けて刃部へと噛み込ませることができる。 Further, if a claw-like corner portion that hooks the object to be crushed is formed on the projection portion on the front side in the rotational direction of the tip, the object to be crushed can be hooked at this corner portion and can be bitten into the blade portion.

さらに、前記刃部を、前記突起部の内周部に近接して前記回転軸を中心とした円形に形成し、該刃部の前記相互に噛合う部分に近接した内径側に、切断刃の厚みが該刃部を形成した部分の切断刃の厚みよりも薄くなる凹状部を形成すれば、この円形の刃部で剪断破砕した被破砕物が凹状部へも排出されて、被破砕物をより効率良く剪断破砕することができる。 Further, the blade portion is formed in a circular shape around the rotation axis in the vicinity of the inner peripheral portion of the projection portion, and a cutting blade is formed on the inner diameter side of the blade portion in the vicinity of the meshing portion. If a concave portion whose thickness is thinner than the thickness of the cutting blade of the portion where the blade portion is formed is formed, the object to be crushed by the circular blade portion is discharged to the concave portion, and the object to be crushed is removed. It is possible to shear and crush more efficiently.

また、前記切断刃を、前記刃部の内径側に位置する回転軸上に設ける取付台と、該取付台の周囲を取り囲むように複数個に分割した着脱可能な刃先片とで構成し、該刃先片の切断刃外径側に前記突起部を設け、刃先片の切断刃内径側に前記刃部を形成すれば、突起部と刃部とを備えた刃先片を、回転軸に設けた取付台から個々に分割することができるピースカッタとして構成することにより、個々の突起部と共にその部分の刃部を部分的に交換することができる。 Further, the cutting blade comprises a mounting base provided on a rotary shaft located on the inner diameter side of the blade portion, and a detachable cutting edge piece divided into a plurality so as to surround the periphery of the mounting base, If the protrusion is provided on the cutting blade outer diameter side of the cutting edge piece and the cutting edge is formed on the cutting blade inner diameter side of the cutting edge piece, the cutting edge piece provided with the protrusion and the blade section is provided on the rotating shaft. By configuring as a piece cutter that can be individually divided from the table, the blade portion of the portion can be partially exchanged together with the individual protrusions.

さらに、前記刃部を、切断刃の両面に形成すれば、切断刃の両面で噛合って接触する部分が刃部のみとなるので、切断刃の両面で接触面積を小さくでき、摩擦による発熱を抑えることができる。 Furthermore, if the blade part is formed on both surfaces of the cutting blade, only the blade part engages and contacts with both surfaces of the cutting blade, so that the contact area can be reduced on both surfaces of the cutting blade and heat generated by friction is generated. Can be suppressed.

一方、本発明の剪断式破砕機は、破砕機本体内に複数の回転軸を平行に設け、該複数の回転軸の軸方向に、前記いずれかの切断刃を設けると共に、該切断刃の刃部が相互に噛合うように配置し、前記破砕機本体の上部に被破砕物の投入口を設け、該破砕機本体の下部の前記回転軸の軸方向にずらした位置に被破砕物の排出口を設け、前記投入口から投入した被破砕物を排出口に送りながら下部から上部に掻き上げて前記切断刃で複数回破砕するように構成している。この剪断式破砕機によれば、投入口から投入した被破砕物を、切断刃の周囲に設けた複数の突起部で掻き上げて破砕機本体内の軸方向に送り、切断刃の刃部によって複数回破砕して細かく破砕することができる。しかも、噛合う切断刃の接触面積が小さいので、摩擦による発熱を抑えて被破砕物を剪断破砕することができる。 On the other hand, the shearing type crusher of the present invention is provided with a plurality of rotation shafts in parallel in the crusher body, and any one of the cutting blades is provided in the axial direction of the plurality of rotation shafts. The crusher body is disposed so that the parts are meshed with each other, and a crusher input port is provided at the top of the crusher body, and the crusher is discharged at a position shifted in the axial direction of the rotary shaft at the bottom of the crusher body. An outlet is provided, and the object to be crushed introduced from the inlet is scraped up from the lower part to the upper part while being sent to the outlet, and is crushed a plurality of times by the cutting blade. According to this shearing type crusher, the material to be crushed from the inlet is scraped up by a plurality of protrusions provided around the cutting blade and sent in the axial direction within the crusher body, It can be crushed several times and finely crushed. Moreover, since the contact area of the meshing cutting blades is small, the object to be crushed can be sheared and crushed while suppressing heat generation due to friction.

その上、前記破砕機本体の内壁に、前記投入口の下部から排出口の上部に向けて被破砕物を送る螺旋状の軸方向送り部材を設けることにより、破砕機本体内で被破砕物を安定して軸方向に送って破砕することができできる。 In addition, by providing a spiral axial feed member on the inner wall of the crusher body for sending the material to be crushed from the lower part of the input port toward the upper part of the discharge port, It can be stably fed in the axial direction and crushed.

さらに、前記切断刃の外周に設けた突起部の少なくとも１つを、該切断刃の先端が描く円から突出して破砕機本体の下部から上部に向けて被破砕物を掻き上げる掻き上げ突起部に形成すれば、破砕機本体内で軸方向に送る被破砕物を掻き上げ突起部で安定して掻き上げて再破砕することができる。 Further, at least one of the protrusions provided on the outer periphery of the cutting blade protrudes from a circle drawn by the tip of the cutting blade and scrapes up the object to be crushed from the lower part to the upper part of the crusher body. If it forms, the to-be-crushed object sent to an axial direction within the crusher main body can be stably raked up and re-crushed with a projection part.

本発明は、以上説明したような手段により、切断刃によって生じる摩擦熱を抑制して、剪断破砕時に熱で軟化して破砕し難くなる被破砕物でも安定して剪断破砕できる切断刃を提供することが可能となる。 The present invention provides a cutting blade that can suppress the frictional heat generated by the cutting blade by means as described above, and can stably shear and crush even a material to be crushed that is softened by heat during shearing and difficult to crush. It becomes possible.

以下、本発明の一実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１は、本発明の第１実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図であり、図２は、図１に示す切断刃の摩擦部分を示す図面であり、(a) は側面図、(b) は縦断面図である。以下の実施の形態では、環状の刃部を円形に形成した例を説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a perspective view showing a cutting blade according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a friction portion of the cutting blade shown in FIG. 1, (a) is a side view, b) is a longitudinal sectional view. In the following embodiments, an example in which an annular blade portion is formed in a circular shape will be described.

図１に示すように、切断刃１には、周囲から径方向に突出する５つ（複数）の突起部２が設けられている。これらの突起部２は、所定の厚みで形成され、図の反時計周りの方向に角部３が形成されている。この角部３は、後述するように被破砕物を引っ掛けて刃部へと噛み込ませるように機能する。この実施の形態では、５つの突起部２の内の１つを、径方向に大きく突出させて、掻き上げ突起部２Ａに形成している。この掻き上げ突起部２Ａの機能は後述する。この切断刃１の中心部には、後述する剪断式破砕機４５に並設される回転軸３２（３３）に設ける穴部４が形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting blade 1 is provided with five (a plurality of) projecting portions 2 projecting radially from the periphery. These protrusions 2 are formed with a predetermined thickness, and corners 3 are formed in the counterclockwise direction in the figure. This corner | angular part 3 functions so that a to-be-crushed object may be hooked and it may be made to bite into a blade part so that it may mention later. In this embodiment, one of the five protrusions 2 is protruded greatly in the radial direction and formed on the scraping protrusion 2A. The function of the scraping projection 2A will be described later. At the center of the cutting blade 1, a hole 4 provided in a rotary shaft 32 (33) arranged in parallel with a shearing crusher 45 described later is formed.

そして、この切断刃１に設けられた突起部２の径方向における回転軸側の側面に、切断刃１の厚み方向に突出する刃部５が形成されている。この刃部５は、図示するように断面が略長方形状を成し、突起部２の内周部において環状に形成されている。刃部５は、厚み方向に突出する端部の外周端が、他の切断刃１の刃部５と相互に噛合って剪断破砕する部分である。この例では、回転軸３２（３３）を軸芯とする円形に形成されている。刃部５が形成された部分は突起部２の厚みよりも所定厚み分厚みが厚く、切断刃１の両側面から突出している。この刃部５の突出する厚みとしては、相互に噛合う切断刃１の突起部２で被破砕物を引っ掛けて刃部５へ噛み込ませることができるような隙間が突起部２の間にできる厚み分に設定される。この刃部５が形成された切断刃１の内径側に近接した位置は、切断刃１の厚みが突起部２とほぼ同一の厚みとなった薄い厚みの凹状部６に形成されている。この凹状部６の深さは、剪断破砕した被破砕物をこの凹状部６からも排出できるような深さに決定される。この実施の形態では、切断刃１の両側面に刃部５が形成されているが、片面のみに刃部５を形成してもよい。この刃部５の内径と外径とは、図２(a) に示すように、互いに噛合う刃部５の外径側端部が描く円（一方を一点鎖線で示す）が、刃部５のほぼ内径となるように形成されている。このように形成された切断刃１の周囲に設けられた突起部２は、被破砕物を剪断破砕するためのものではなく、被破砕物を引っ掛けて刃部５へと噛み込ませるためのものであり、この突起部２の内周側に形成した環状の刃部５で被破砕物が剪断破砕される。 And the blade part 5 which protrudes in the thickness direction of the cutting blade 1 is formed in the side surface by the side of the rotating shaft in the radial direction of the projection part 2 provided in this cutting blade 1. As shown in the drawing, the blade portion 5 has a substantially rectangular cross section, and is formed in an annular shape at the inner peripheral portion of the projection portion 2. The blade portion 5 is a portion where the outer peripheral end of the end portion protruding in the thickness direction meshes with the blade portion 5 of the other cutting blade 1 and shears and crushes. In this example, it is formed in a circular shape having the rotation shaft 32 (33) as an axis. The portion where the blade portion 5 is formed is thicker by a predetermined thickness than the thickness of the protruding portion 2 and protrudes from both side surfaces of the cutting blade 1. The projecting thickness of the blade 5 is such that there is a gap between the projecting portions 2 so that an object to be crushed can be caught by the projecting portions 2 of the cutting blades 1 meshing with each other to be engaged with the blade 5. Set to the thickness. A position close to the inner diameter side of the cutting blade 1 on which the blade portion 5 is formed is formed in a thin concave portion 6 in which the thickness of the cutting blade 1 is substantially the same as that of the protruding portion 2. The depth of the concave portion 6 is determined such that the object to be crushed by shearing can be discharged from the concave portion 6. In this embodiment, the blade portions 5 are formed on both side surfaces of the cutting blade 1, but the blade portions 5 may be formed only on one side. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the blade portion 5 are the circles (one indicated by a one-dot chain line) drawn by the outer diameter side ends of the blade portions 5 meshing with each other. It is formed so that it may become the inside diameter. The protrusion 2 provided around the cutting blade 1 formed in this way is not for shearing and crushing the object to be crushed, but for hooking the object to be crushed and biting into the blade part 5. The material to be crushed is sheared and crushed by the annular blade portion 5 formed on the inner peripheral side of the protruding portion 2.

図２(a),(b) に示すように、このように構成された第１実施の形態の切断刃１によれば、相互に噛合う切断刃の接触面積は図２(a) に斜線ｄで示すように、突起部２から回転軸側に設けた刃部５の重なる部分（相互に噛合う部分）のみとなるため、摩擦を生じる面積が小さくなり、切断刃１の摩擦による発熱を抑えることができる。また、図２(b) に示すように、この実施の形態では切断刃１の両面に環状の刃部５を形成しているため、複数枚の切断刃１を相互に噛合わせても摩擦による発熱を大きく抑えた剪断破砕が可能なように構成されている。切断刃１の両側面から突出する刃部５の部分の厚みが、剪断破砕の破砕サイズとなる。図示する３８は後述するスペーサであり、このスペーサ３８によって相互に噛合う切断刃１の軸方向位置を規制している。 As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), according to the cutting blade 1 of the first embodiment configured as described above, the contact area of the cutting blades that mesh with each other is shown by hatching in FIG. 2 (a). As shown by d, since only the overlapping part (the part meshing with each other) of the blade part 5 provided on the rotating shaft side from the protrusion part 2 is produced, the area that generates friction is reduced, and the heat generated by the friction of the cutting blade 1 is reduced. Can be suppressed. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), in this embodiment, since the annular blade portions 5 are formed on both surfaces of the cutting blade 1, even if a plurality of cutting blades 1 are engaged with each other, friction is caused. It is configured to enable shearing and crushing with greatly reduced heat generation. The thickness of the portion of the blade portion 5 protruding from both side surfaces of the cutting blade 1 is the crushing size of shear crushing. Reference numeral 38 denotes a spacer which will be described later, and the spacer 38 regulates the axial position of the cutting blades 1 that mesh with each other.

図３は、本発明の第２実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図であり、図４は、本発明の第３実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図である。前記第１実施の形態の切断刃１と同一の構成には同一符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。図３に示す第２実施の形態の切断刃７は、前記突起部２の内周部に刃部８が形成され、その刃部８から回転軸側における全体が同一の厚みで形成された例である。 FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a cutting blade according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a cutting blade according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those of the cutting blade 1 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The cutting blade 7 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is an example in which the blade portion 8 is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the projection portion 2 and the entire portion on the rotating shaft side from the blade portion 8 is formed with the same thickness. It is.

図４に示す第３実施の形態の切断刃９は、図３に示す第２実施の形態と図１に示す第１実施の形態とを組合わせた例である。この切断刃９では、両側面に第１実施の形態における刃部５を形成し、この刃部５が形成された切断刃９の内径側に近接した位置には、切断刃９の厚みが突起部２とほぼ同一の厚みとなった薄い厚みの溝状の凹状部１０が形成されている。この凹状部１０の外径と内径との間隔と、凹状部１０の深さは、剪断破砕した被破砕物をこの凹状部１０からも排出できるような寸法に決定される。 The cutting blade 9 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is an example in which the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are combined. In this cutting blade 9, the blade portions 5 in the first embodiment are formed on both side surfaces, and the thickness of the cutting blade 9 protrudes at a position close to the inner diameter side of the cutting blade 9 on which the blade portion 5 is formed. A thin groove-like concave portion 10 having substantially the same thickness as the portion 2 is formed. The interval between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the concave portion 10 and the depth of the concave portion 10 are determined so as to allow the object to be crushed and sheared to be discharged from the concave portion 10.

図５は、本発明の第４実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図であり、図６は、本発明の第５実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図である。これらの実施の形態は、突起部１８と刃部１９とを部分的に着脱可能なピースカッタとして構成した例である。これらの実施の形態の切断刃は、前記第１〜第３実施の形態の切断刃１，７，９よりも厚く形成されているため、新たな符号を付して説明する。 FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a cutting blade according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a cutting blade according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. These embodiments are examples in which the protrusion 18 and the blade 19 are configured as partly detachable piece cutters. Since the cutting blades of these embodiments are formed thicker than the cutting blades 1, 7, and 9 of the first to third embodiments, they will be described with new reference numerals.

図５に示す第４実施の形態の切断刃１１は、後述する回転軸３２（３３）に設ける穴部１３を形成した取付台１２と、この取付台１２の周囲を取り囲むように複数個に分割された着脱可能な刃先片１４とで構成されている。図では５個に分割された刃先片１４が取付けられた状態で、取付台１２の周囲を囲むように構成されている。切断刃１１は、この刃先片１４で取付台１２の周囲を覆った状態で使用される。刃先片１４の着脱は、この刃先片１４を取付台１２に固定するボルト１５によって行われる。この刃先片１４には、取付台１２に形成された凹状段部１６に係合するような凸状段部１７が設けられており、これら凹状段部１６と凸状段部１７との係合によって確実な固定ができるように構成されている。 The cutting blade 11 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is divided into a plurality of mounting bases 12 in which holes 13 provided in a rotary shaft 32 (33) described later are formed and surrounding the mounting base 12. The detachable cutting edge piece 14 is made up of. In the figure, it is configured so as to surround the periphery of the mounting base 12 with the cutting edge piece 14 divided into five pieces attached. The cutting blade 11 is used in a state where the cutting edge piece 14 covers the periphery of the mounting base 12. The cutting edge piece 14 is attached and detached by a bolt 15 that fixes the cutting edge piece 14 to the mount 12. The cutting edge piece 14 is provided with a convex step portion 17 that engages with a concave step portion 16 formed on the mounting base 12. The engagement between the concave step portion 16 and the convex step portion 17 is provided. It is comprised so that reliable fixation is possible.

そして、この刃先片１４の切断刃外径側に突起部１８が設けられ、刃先片１４の切断刃内径側に刃部１９が形成されている。この刃部１９は、全ての刃先片１４を取付台１２に取付けた状態で、円形の刃部１９を形成するように構成されている。２５は、突起部１８の角部である。 A protrusion 18 is provided on the cutting blade outer diameter side of the blade edge piece 14, and a blade portion 19 is formed on the cutting blade inner diameter side of the blade edge piece 14. The blade portion 19 is configured to form a circular blade portion 19 in a state where all the blade edge pieces 14 are attached to the mounting base 12. Reference numeral 25 denotes a corner of the protrusion 18.

図６に示す第５実施の形態の切断刃２０は、前記第４実施の形態における切断刃１１の刃部１９を、切断刃２０の両面から突出する環状に形成した例である。図示するように、この実施の形態の切断刃２０における刃先片２１には、突起部２２の回転軸側における側面に、後述する回転軸３２（３３）を中心とする環状の刃部２３が切断刃２０の厚み方向に突出するように形成されている。この刃部２３も、突起部２２の内周部において、この突起部２２の厚みよりも所定量厚みが厚くなるように切断刃２０の両側面から突出している。この刃部２３が形成された切断刃２０の内径側は、突起部２２とほぼ同一の薄い厚みの凹状部２４に形成されている。他の構成やその作用は、前記第４実施の形態の切断刃１１と同一であるため、その説明は省略する。 The cutting blade 20 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is an example in which the blade portions 19 of the cutting blade 11 in the fourth embodiment are formed in an annular shape protruding from both surfaces of the cutting blade 20. As shown in the drawing, the blade edge piece 21 of the cutting blade 20 of this embodiment has an annular blade portion 23 centering on a rotation shaft 32 (33), which will be described later, on the side surface of the projection portion 22 on the rotation shaft side. The blade 20 is formed so as to protrude in the thickness direction. The blade portion 23 also protrudes from both side surfaces of the cutting blade 20 so that a predetermined amount is thicker than the thickness of the protrusion portion 22 at the inner peripheral portion of the protrusion portion 22. The inner diameter side of the cutting blade 20 on which the blade portion 23 is formed is formed in a concave portion 24 having a thin thickness substantially the same as the protruding portion 22. Other configurations and operations thereof are the same as those of the cutting blade 11 of the fourth embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

この第５実施の形態の切断刃２０と前記第４実施の形態の切断刃１１とによれば、突起部２２，１８と刃部２３，１９とを有する刃先片２１，１４を個々に交換することができるので、一部の突起部２２，１８や刃部２３，１９が破損した場合でも、その部分の刃先片２１，１４を交換することで突起部２２，１８や刃部２３，１９を容易に新しくすることが可能である。また、これらの切断刃２０，１１における突起部２２，１８の一部を前記第１実施の形態における掻き上げ突起部２Ａのように形成してもよい。 According to the cutting blade 20 of the fifth embodiment and the cutting blade 11 of the fourth embodiment, the blade tips 21 and 14 having the projections 22 and 18 and the blade portions 23 and 19 are individually replaced. Therefore, even when some of the protrusions 22 and 18 and the blade parts 23 and 19 are damaged, the protrusions 22 and 18 and the blade parts 23 and 19 can be replaced by replacing the blade edge pieces 21 and 14 of the part. It can be easily renewed. Moreover, you may form some protrusions 22 and 18 in these cutting blades 20 and 11 like the scooping protrusion 2A in the said 1st Embodiment.

これらの実施の形態に示す各切断刃１，７，９，１１，２０でも、前記図２(a),(b) に示すように、噛合う切断刃１，７，９，１１，２０の接触面積が小さいので、摩擦による発熱を抑えた剪断破砕が可能となる。 In each of the cutting blades 1, 7, 9, 11, and 20 shown in these embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the cutting blades 1, 7, 9, 11, and 20 that mesh with each other. Since the contact area is small, shear crushing with reduced heat generated by friction is possible.

なお、前記した実施の形態では、全ての切断刃１，７，９，１１，２０が周囲に５つの突起部２，１８を形成した例を説明したが、この突起部２，１８の個数は、これらの実施の形態に限定されるものではない。 In the above-described embodiment, an example in which all the cutting blades 1, 7, 9, 11, and 20 are formed with the five protrusions 2 and 18 around them has been described. The number of the protrusions 2 and 18 is as follows. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

図７は、本発明の切断刃を備えた剪断式破砕機の縦断面図であり、図８は、図７に示す剪断式破砕機の平面図、図９は、図７に示す剪断式破砕機のIX−IX断面図、図１０は、図７に示す剪断式破砕機の下部ケーシングの斜視図である。これらの図面に基いて、以下に、本願発明に係る剪断式破砕機の一実施の形態を説明する。この実施の形態では、前記第１実施の形態に係る切断刃１を備えた剪断式破砕機４５を例に説明する。なお、図７，８では、作図上、切断刃１の突起部２と刃部５との記載を省略して一体的に記載している。また、破砕機本体上部の回転軸の軸方向一端部に被破砕物の投入口を設け、この破砕機本体下部の回転軸の軸方向他端部に被破砕物の排出口を設けた二軸剪断式破砕機を例に説明する。 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shearing crusher provided with the cutting blade of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a plan view of the shearing crusher shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a shearing crushing shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the lower casing of the shear crusher shown in FIG. Based on these drawings, an embodiment of a shearing crusher according to the present invention will be described below. In this embodiment, a shearing crusher 45 including the cutting blade 1 according to the first embodiment will be described as an example. In FIGS. 7 and 8, the illustration of the protrusion 2 and the blade 5 of the cutting blade 1 is omitted for the sake of drawing. Moreover, the biaxial which provided the inlet of the crushed object in the axial direction one end part of the rotating shaft of the upper part of the crusher body, and provided the discharge port of the crushed object in the other axial part of the rotating shaft of the lower part of the crusher body. A shearing crusher will be described as an example.

図７，８に示すように、破砕機本体３１内には２本の回転軸３２，３３が平行に並設されている。これらの回転軸３２，３３は、軸受３４によって回動自在に支持されている。３５，３６は駆動機であり、両軸３２，３３を直接駆動するように構成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, two rotating shafts 32 and 33 are arranged in parallel in the crusher body 31. These rotary shafts 32 and 33 are rotatably supported by a bearing 34. Reference numerals 35 and 36 denote driving machines, which are configured to directly drive both shafts 32 and 33.

そして、これらの回転軸３２，３３の軸方向には、切断刃１がスペーサ３８を挟むように交互に設けられている。両回転軸３２，３３に設けられた切断刃１は、これら切断刃１の外周に設けられた突起部２と刃部５（図９）とが互いに噛合うように配設されている。両回転軸３２，３３の対向する位置では切断刃１とスペーサ３８とが向き合っている。これによって両軸３２，３３に設けられた切断刃１の間は、その刃部５の側面同士が、例えば、０．５ｍｍ〜１ｍｍ程度の微小隙間を有する状態でラップするようにしている。これら回転軸３２，３３に設けられた切断刃１が内向きに回転することにより、中央部で被破砕物Ｔを破砕するように構成されている。３７は、破砕機の制御装置である。 In the axial direction of the rotary shafts 32 and 33, the cutting blades 1 are alternately provided so as to sandwich the spacers 38 therebetween. The cutting blades 1 provided on the rotary shafts 32 and 33 are arranged so that the projections 2 and the blades 5 (FIG. 9) provided on the outer periphery of the cutting blades 1 are engaged with each other. The cutting blade 1 and the spacer 38 face each other at a position where the rotary shafts 32 and 33 are opposed to each other. Thereby, between the cutting blades 1 provided on both shafts 32 and 33, the side surfaces of the blade portions 5 are wrapped with a minute gap of about 0.5 mm to 1 mm, for example. The cutting blades 1 provided on the rotary shafts 32 and 33 are configured to crush the material T to be crushed at the center portion by rotating inwardly. Reference numeral 37 denotes a crusher control device.

また、図７に示すように、この実施の形態における破砕機本体３１には、図の左側上部に投入口３９が設けられ、軸方向にずらした位置の右側下部に排出口４０が設けられている。投入口３９の下部から排出口４０までの間には、下部ケーシング４１が設けられている。これにより、投入口３９から投入された被破砕物１２０は、下部ケーシング４１上を軸方向に送られて剪断破砕され、排出口４０から排出されるように構成されている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the crusher body 31 in this embodiment is provided with a loading port 39 in the upper left portion of the drawing and a discharging port 40 in the lower right portion of the position shifted in the axial direction. Yes. A lower casing 41 is provided between the lower portion of the input port 39 and the discharge port 40. As a result, the object 120 to be crushed charged from the inlet 39 is axially sent on the lower casing 41 to be sheared and crushed and discharged from the outlet 40.

さらに、この実施の形態では、図８に示すように、投入口側の切断刃１を２枚重ねにして厚みを２倍にし、排出口側の切断刃１は１枚の厚みにしている。これにより、投入口側１３０では厚みが厚くなるようにした切断刃１で被破砕物１２０を長く（この例では２枚分）剪断し、排出口側１４０では厚みの薄い切断刃１でその被破砕物１２０を短く（この例では１枚分）剪断して細かく破砕するようにしている。このように、投入口側１３０の切断刃１の厚さを厚くすることにより、破砕不適物（異物）などの混入時における過大な負荷による切断刃１の破損を防止することができる。この実施の形態では、同一厚みの切断刃１を重ねることによって投入口側の切断刃厚みを厚くしているが、一体物で厚みの厚い切断刃を形成してもよい。また、投入口側１３０と排出口側１４０の切断刃厚みの差もこの実施の形態に限定されるものではない。 Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, two cutting blades 1 on the inlet side are overlapped to double the thickness, and the cutting blade 1 on the discharge port side has a single thickness. As a result, the material to be crushed 120 is sheared long (in this example, two sheets) by the cutting blade 1 whose thickness is increased on the inlet side 130, and the target blade 120 is thinly cut by the thin cutting blade 1 on the outlet side 140. The crushed material 120 is sheared short (one piece in this example) to be crushed finely. As described above, by increasing the thickness of the cutting blade 1 on the inlet side 130, it is possible to prevent the cutting blade 1 from being damaged due to an excessive load when a crushing inappropriate material (foreign matter) is mixed. In this embodiment, the cutting blade thickness on the inlet side is increased by overlapping the cutting blades 1 having the same thickness, but a thick cutting blade may be formed as a single unit. Further, the difference in the cutting blade thickness between the inlet port side 130 and the outlet port side 140 is not limited to this embodiment.

その上、この実施の形態では、図９に示すように切断刃１の周囲に設けられた突起部２が、図８に示すように、投入口側１３０から排出口側１４０に向けて回転軸の軸方向に被破砕物１２０を送るように、周方向にずらして配置されている。つまり、内向きに回転する切断刃１の周囲に設けられた突起部２が、投入口側Ｉから排出口側Ｏに向けて螺旋状の円弧を描きながら位置がずれるように配置されている。これにより、これら切断刃１で破砕した被破砕物１２０が、突起部２の回転によって排出口側１４０へ送られるようにしている。 In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the protrusion 2 provided around the cutting blade 1 has a rotation shaft from the inlet side 130 toward the outlet side 140 as shown in FIG. The crushed object 120 is arranged so as to be shifted in the circumferential direction so as to be fed in the axial direction. That is, the protrusions 2 provided around the cutting blade 1 that rotates inward are arranged so that the positions thereof are shifted while drawing a spiral arc from the inlet side I toward the outlet side O. Thereby, the to-be-crushed object 120 crushed with these cutting blades 1 is sent to the discharge port side 140 by the rotation of the protrusion 2.

図９に示すように、前記下部ケーシング４１の下部は、回転する切断刃１の描く円弧と所定の隙間Ｓ１を設けた円弧状に形成されている。図１０にも示すように、この実施の形態では２軸剪断式破砕機であるため、下部ケーシング４１の下部は２つの円弧が連なった形状に形成されている。この下部ケーシング４１の両側部には、破砕機本体３１に固定するための垂直部分が形成されている。この垂直部分の孔４２が、ボルト４３で破砕機本体３１に固定されている。 As shown in FIG. 9, the lower portion of the lower casing 41 is formed in an arc shape having a predetermined gap S 1 and an arc drawn by the rotating cutting blade 1. As shown also in FIG. 10, since it is a biaxial shearing type crusher in this embodiment, the lower part of the lower casing 41 is formed in the shape where two circular arcs continued. On both sides of the lower casing 41, vertical portions for fixing to the crusher body 31 are formed. The hole 42 in the vertical portion is fixed to the crusher body 31 with a bolt 43.

図７，９に示すように、この実施の形態では、下部ケーシング４１の形状と破砕機本体３１の形状とによって、破砕機本体３１内で被破砕物１２０の破砕を複数回繰り返すことができるようにしている。すなわち、破砕機本体３１の下部に被破砕物１２０を滞留させるように内壁が構成されるとともに、切断刃１の下部から切断刃１の側部に沿った内壁を形成して、被破砕物１２０を下部から上部に掻き上げて繰り返して破砕するように構成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, in this embodiment, the crushing of the material 120 to be crushed can be repeated a plurality of times in the crusher body 31 depending on the shape of the lower casing 41 and the shape of the crusher body 31. I have to. That is, the inner wall is configured to retain the object 120 to be crushed in the lower part of the crusher main body 31, and the inner wall is formed from the lower part of the cutting blade 1 along the side part of the cutting blade 1. It is comprised so that it may crush up repeatedly from the lower part to the upper part.

また、この下部ケーシング４１の内面には、２つの円弧状の内面のそれぞれに、中央部から切断刃１の側面上部に向けて軸方向送り部材４４が設けられている。この軸方向送り部材４４の上端は、ほぼ切断刃１の上端位置まで設けられている。図１０に示すように、この軸方向送り部材４４は所定径の丸棒である。この軸方向送り部材４４は、２つの円弧状の下部ケーシング４１の内面それぞれに、下部ケーシング４１の中央部から排出口側に向けて緩やかな螺旋を描くように斜めに設けられている。この実施の形態では、軸方向送り部材４４が３組設けられているため、被破砕物Ｔを少なくとも３回程度破砕することができる。この下部ケーシング４１は、破砕機本体３１と一体的に形成されたものであってもよい。 Further, on the inner surface of the lower casing 41, axial feed members 44 are provided on the two arc-shaped inner surfaces from the central portion toward the upper side surface of the cutting blade 1. The upper end of the axial feed member 44 is provided up to the upper end position of the cutting blade 1. As shown in FIG. 10, the axial feed member 44 is a round bar having a predetermined diameter. This axial feed member 44 is provided obliquely on the inner surfaces of the two arc-shaped lower casings 41 so as to draw a gentle spiral from the center of the lower casing 41 toward the discharge port. In this embodiment, since three sets of the axial feed members 44 are provided, the object to be crushed T can be crushed at least about three times. The lower casing 41 may be formed integrally with the crusher main body 31.

さらに、図８に示すように、回転軸３２，３３に設けられた切断刃１は、前記したように突起部２が周方向に位置がずれて配置されているので、この切断刃１の配置に合うように、図の上側の軸方向送り部材４４は最投入口側から設けられ、図の下側の軸方向送り部材４４は図の上側の軸方向送り部材４４に対してほぼ切断刃の厚み分が排出口側にずれた位置から設けられている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the cutting blades 1 provided on the rotary shafts 32 and 33 are arranged so that the projections 2 are displaced in the circumferential direction as described above. The axial feed member 44 on the upper side of the figure is provided from the most inlet side, and the axial feed member 44 on the lower side of the figure is substantially cutting blade relative to the axial feed member 44 on the upper side of the figure. It is provided from a position where the thickness is shifted to the discharge port side.

また、前記したように、切断刃１には、破砕した被破砕物１２０を破砕機本体３１の内壁に沿って切断刃１の上部まで掻上げる掻上げ突起部２Ａが設けられており、この掻上げ突起部２Ａの先端が描く円が、他の突起部２の刃先が描く円よりも大きな円を描くので、この掻上げ突起部２Ａの先端と下部ケーシング４１との間の隙間Ｓ２は、突起部２と下部ケーシング４１との間の隙間Ｓ１よりも狭い隙間となっている。このような掻上げ突起部２Ａを設けることにより、この掻上げ突起部２Ａで破砕機本体３１の内壁に沿うように被破砕物１２０を掻上げるようにしている。 Further, as described above, the cutting blade 1 is provided with the scraping protrusion 2A that scrapes the crushed object 120 along the inner wall of the crusher main body 31 to the upper portion of the cutting blade 1. Since the circle drawn by the tip of the raised protrusion 2A is larger than the circle drawn by the blade edge of the other protrusion 2, the gap S2 between the tip of the raised protrusion 2A and the lower casing 41 is a protrusion. The gap is narrower than the gap S 1 between the portion 2 and the lower casing 41. By providing such a raised protrusion 2A, the object 120 is scraped up along the inner wall of the crusher body 31 by the raised protrusion 2A.

以上のように構成された剪断式破砕機４５によれば、投入口１３０から投入された被破砕物１２０を、切断刃１に設けられた突起部２の角部３で引っ掛けて刃部５へと噛み込ませて剪断破砕すると共に、この切断刃１の掻き上げ突起部２Ａによって破砕機本体３１の下部から切断刃１の上部に掻き上げて、再度、切断刃１に噛み込ませることによって剪断破砕することができる。 According to the shearing crusher 45 configured as described above, the object 120 to be crushed introduced from the insertion port 130 is hooked at the corner 3 of the projection 2 provided on the cutting blade 1 and is applied to the blade 5. And then shearing and crushing, and by scooping up from the lower part of the crusher body 31 to the upper part of the cutting blade 1 by the scooping projection 2A of the cutting blade 1 and re-engaging it with the cutting blade 1 Can be crushed.

この実施の形態では、投入口側１３０に設けられた厚みの厚い切断刃１で被破砕物１２０を大きく破砕し、破砕された被破砕物１２０を排出口側１４０へ送りながら掻き上げ突起部２Ａで切断刃１の上部へと掻上げて、排出口側１４０の厚みの薄い切断刃１で細かく破砕するようにしている。 In this embodiment, the object 120 to be crushed is largely crushed by the thick cutting blade 1 provided on the inlet side 130, and the crushed object 120 is scraped up while being sent to the outlet side 140. Then, it is scraped up to the upper part of the cutting blade 1 and is finely crushed by the thin cutting blade 1 on the discharge port side 140.

そして、このように被破砕物１２０を剪断破砕する切断刃１は噛合う相手側の切断刃１との間で接触するが、この接触面積は切断刃１の刃部５のみと小さくなるので、刃部５同士の摩擦や被破砕物１２０と刃部５との摩擦による発熱を抑制することができ、熱可塑性プラスチックのように熱で軟化するような被破砕物１２０の溶融や再結合、破砕機内への付着を防止して安定した剪断破砕ができる。しかも、切断刃１が高温にならないので、可燃性の被破砕物１２０であっても過熱されることはなく、その上、切断刃１の摩擦抵抗を軽減することで、動力低減、省エネルギ効果を奏することができる。 And the cutting blade 1 that shears and crushes the object 120 to be crushed in this way is in contact with the cutting blade 1 on the mating counterpart, but this contact area is reduced only with the blade portion 5 of the cutting blade 1, Heat generation due to friction between the blade parts 5 and friction between the object 120 and the blade part 5 can be suppressed, and melting, recombination, and crushing of the object 120 to be softened by heat, such as thermoplastics. Stable shearing can be achieved by preventing adhesion to the machine. Moreover, since the cutting blade 1 does not reach a high temperature, even the flammable object 120 is not overheated. In addition, the frictional resistance of the cutting blade 1 is reduced to reduce power and save energy. Can be played.

このように、厚さを薄くした突起部２の内周側に設けた厚み方向に突出する刃部５によって、噛合う相手側の刃部との重なり面積を小さくして摩擦による発熱を抑制し、この熱による被破砕物の溶融、再結合による破砕機性能の低下や発火等を抑止して、破砕の動力効率の向上による省エネ効果を発揮することができる。 Thus, by the blade portion 5 protruding in the thickness direction provided on the inner peripheral side of the projection portion 2 having a reduced thickness, the overlapping area with the blade portion on the mating counterpart side is reduced to suppress heat generation due to friction. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the degradation of the crusher performance due to melting and recombination of the material to be crushed by this heat, ignition, etc., and to exhibit the energy saving effect by improving the power efficiency of crushing.

なお、図７〜図１０に示す剪断式破砕機４５では前記第１実施の形態における切断刃１を例に説明したが、前記他の実施の形態における切断刃７，９，１１，２０でも同様の作用効果を奏することができる。 7 to 10, the cutting blade 1 in the first embodiment has been described as an example, but the same applies to the cutting blades 7, 9, 11, and 20 in the other embodiments. The effect of this can be achieved.

また、図７〜図１０に示す剪断式破砕機４５では二軸剪断式破砕機を例に説明したが、二軸以外の構成であっても適用可能であり、剪断式破砕機４５の軸数は限定されるものではない。 Further, in the shear type crusher 45 shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 10, the biaxial shear type crusher has been described as an example. However, the present invention can be applied to a configuration other than the biaxial type. Is not limited.

さらに、前述した実施の形態は一例を示しており、本発明の要旨を損なわない範囲での種々の変更は可能であり、本発明は前述した実施の形態に限定されるものではない。 Furthermore, the above-described embodiment shows an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

本発明に係る切断刃は、相互に噛合う切断刃の摩擦による発熱を抑制できるので、切断刃の摩擦による発熱で軟化するような熱可塑性プラスチック等の被破砕物を剪断破砕する剪断式破砕機に利用できる。 Since the cutting blade according to the present invention can suppress heat generation due to friction between the cutting blades meshing with each other, a shearing type crusher that shears and crushes objects to be crushed such as thermoplastics that are softened by heat generation due to friction between the cutting blades Available to:

本発明の第１実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the cutting blade which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図１に示す切断刃の摩擦部分を示す図面であり、(a) は側面図、(b) は縦断面図である。It is drawing which shows the friction part of the cutting blade shown in FIG. 1, (a) is a side view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. 本発明の第２実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the cutting blade which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the cutting blade which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第４実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the cutting blade which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第５実施の形態に係る切断刃を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the cutting blade which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の切断刃を備えた剪断式破砕機の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the shearing type crusher provided with the cutting blade of this invention. 図７に示す剪断式破砕機の平面図である。It is a top view of the shearing type crusher shown in FIG. 図７に示す剪断式破砕機のIX−IX断面図である。It is IX-IX sectional drawing of the shearing type crusher shown in FIG. 図１に示す剪断式破砕機の下部ケーシングの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the lower casing of the shearing type crusher shown in FIG. 従来の従来の剪断式破砕機を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the conventional conventional shearing type crusher. 図１１に示す剪断式破砕機の縦断面した側面図である。It is the side view which carried out the longitudinal cross-section of the shearing type crusher shown in FIG. 図１２に示すXIII−XIII断面図である。It is XIII-XIII sectional drawing shown in FIG. 従来の切断刃における摩擦部分を一体型切断刃で示す図面であり、(a) は側面図、(b) は縦断面図である。It is drawing which shows the friction part in the conventional cutting blade with an integrated cutting blade, (a) is a side view, (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

Explanation of symbols

１…切断刃
２…突起部
３…角部
５…刃部
６…凹状部
７…切断刃
８…刃部
９…切断刃
１０…凹状部
１１…切断刃
１２…取付台
１４…刃先片
１６…凹状段部
１７…凸状段部
１８…突起部
１９…刃部
２０…切断刃
２１…刃先片
２２…突起部
２３…刃部
２４…凹状部
３１…破砕機本体
３２，３３…回転軸
３５，３６…駆動機
３８…スペーサ
３９…投入口
４０…排出口
４１…下部ケーシング
４４…軸方向送り部材
４５…剪断式破砕機
Ｓ１，Ｓ２…隙間
１２０…被破砕物
１３０…投入口側
１４０…排出口側

1 ... Cutting blade
2 ... Protrusions
3 ... Corner
5 ... Blade
6 ... concave part
7 ... Cutting blade
8 ... Blade
9 ... Cutting blade
10 ... concave part
11 ... Cutting blade
12 ... Mounting base
14 ... Cutting edge
16 ... concave step
17 ... Convex step
18 ... Protrusions
19 ... Blade
20 ... Cutting blade
21 ... blade edge
22 ... Protrusions
23 ... Blade
24 ... concave part
31 ... Crusher body 32,33 ... Rotating shaft 35,36 ... Driver
38 ... Spacer
39 ... Inlet
40 ... Discharge port
41 ... Lower casing
44 ... Axial feed member
45 ... Shear type crusher S1, S2 ... Gap
120 ... Objects to be crushed
130: Input side
140 ... discharge side

Claims

A cutting blade that shears and crushes the workpiece by providing a plurality of rotating shafts that rotate inward and meshing with each other,
The cutting blade is provided with a plurality of projecting portions projecting in the radial direction from the periphery, and an annular blade portion projecting in the thickness direction of the cutting blade is formed in the mutually engaging portion on the rotating shaft side of the projecting portion. Cutting blade.

The cutting blade according to claim 1, wherein a claw-shaped corner that hooks the object to be crushed is formed on the protruding portion on the front side in the rotational direction of the tip.

The blade portion is formed in a circular shape around the rotation axis in the vicinity of the inner peripheral portion of the protrusion portion, and the thickness of the cutting blade is on the inner diameter side of the blade portion close to the mutually meshing portion. The cutting blade according to claim 1, wherein a concave portion that is thinner than a thickness of the cutting blade at a portion where the blade portion is formed is formed.

The cutting blade is composed of a mounting base provided on a rotating shaft located on the inner diameter side of the blade portion, and a removable cutting edge piece divided into a plurality of pieces so as to surround the periphery of the mounting base, and the cutting edge piece The cutting blade according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is provided on the outer diameter side of the cutting blade, and the blade is formed on the inner diameter side of the cutting edge of the blade tip.

The cutting blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the blade portion is formed on both surfaces of the cutting blade.

A plurality of rotating shafts are provided in parallel in the crusher body,
The cutting blade according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is provided in the axial direction of the plurality of rotation shafts, and the blade portions of the cutting blade are arranged so as to mesh with each other,
A crusher inlet is provided at the top of the crusher body,
A discharge port for the object to be crushed is provided at a position shifted in the axial direction of the rotary shaft at the bottom of the crusher body
A shearing type crusher configured to scrape the object to be crushed from the inlet to the upper part while feeding it to the outlet, and to crush a plurality of times by the cutting blade.

The shear type crusher according to claim 6, wherein a spiral axial feed member is provided on an inner wall of the crusher main body to feed a material to be crushed from a lower portion of the input port toward an upper portion of the discharge port.

At least one of the protrusions provided on the outer periphery of the cutting blade is formed on a lifting protrusion that protrudes from the circle drawn by the tip of the cutting blade and scrapes the object to be crushed from the lower part to the upper part of the crusher body. The shearing type crusher according to claim 6 or 7.