WO2019239859A1

WO2019239859A1 - Biaxial crusher

Info

Publication number: WO2019239859A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/020756
Authority: WO
Inventors: 司山村; 博文松木
Original assignee: 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社
Priority date: 2018-06-12
Filing date: 2019-05-24
Publication date: 2019-12-19
Also published as: KR102471807B1; KR20200133777A; TW202000307A; CN112055619A; TWI704012B; SG11202010431WA; JP6476532B1; CN112055619B; JP2019214013A

Abstract

A biaxial crusher (1) comprises: a pair of rotation shafts (7); a plurality of rotary blades (8), the rotation locus of the rotary blade (8) attached to one rotation shaft (7a) and the rotation locus of the rotary blade (8) attached to the other rotation shaft (7b) partially overlapping each other; a plurality of spacers (9) attached to the respective rotation shafts (7); and a screen part (4). The screen part (4) includes: a roof part (23) extending in an axial direction (Da); a roof bearer (24) that supports the roof part (23) from below; screen blade bearers (25) that are disposed so as to be horizontally spaced apart from the roof bearer (24); link parts (26) that connect the roof bearer (24) with the screen blade bearers (25), an opening being provided between the adjacent link parts (26); and screen blades (29) that are attached to the screen blade bearers (25), and that perform secondary crushing of waste matter present between the screen blades and the rotary blades (8).

Description

Twin screw crusher

The present invention relates to a biaxial crusher.
This application claims priority on June 12, 2018 based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-111181 for which it applied to Japan, and uses the content here.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a crusher such as a biaxial crusher has been used as a means for crushing waste such as wood (for example, wood for biomass power generation), bamboo, and combustible / noncombustible waste. In waste treatment facilities (garbage cleaning factories, etc.), waste is crushed to a predetermined size (particle size) or less using a crusher and then put into an incinerator or the like for treatment.
The biaxial crusher has a pair of rotating shafts and a plurality of rotating blades attached to each rotating shaft. The rotary blade has a plurality of crushing blades provided at intervals in the circumferential direction.

In a biaxial crusher, Patent Document 1 describes a technique for attaching a plurality of detachable crushing blades as a technique for preventing a long object such as bamboo from slipping through a pair of rotating shafts without being crushed. Has been.
Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which the tip of the rotary blade is formed in a mountain shape and the screen is formed in a valley shape along the rotation trajectory of the rotary blade to crush waste to a predetermined size or less. Is described.

JP 2017-963 A JP 2004-249194 A

By the way, as for the technique described in patent document 1 and patent document 2, although the slipping-through of a long thing is prevented, the method of crushing waste more efficiently is desired.
For example, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, crushing is performed only between a pair of rotating shafts, so that the desired particle size is not necessarily obtained. On the other hand, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, crushing is not performed between the pair of rotating shafts, and the advantage of being biaxial is not exhibited.

An object of the present invention is to provide a biaxial crusher capable of more efficiently crushing waste to a predetermined size or less.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the biaxial crusher is a biaxial crusher for crushing waste, and a pair of rotating shafts arranged in parallel to each other at intervals in the horizontal direction, A plurality of rotary blades that are attached to the rotary shaft at an interval in the axial direction of the rotary shaft and perform primary crushing of the waste, and one of the pair of rotary shafts as viewed from the axial direction. A plurality of rotary blades in which a part of the rotation trajectory of the rotary blade attached to the rotary shaft and a part of the rotary trajectory of the rotary blade attached to the other rotary shaft overlap, and each of the rotary shafts A plurality of spacers alternately attached to the rotary blades in the axial direction, and a screen portion disposed below the pair of rotary shafts, the screen portion between the pair of rotary shafts And a roof portion extending in the axial direction, and A roof pedestal that supports the root from below and extends in the axial direction, and is spaced in the horizontal direction with respect to the roof cradle, parallel to the main surface and the width direction of the roof cradle. A screen blade pedestal having a surface disposed thereon, a plurality of connecting portions for connecting the roof pedestal and the screen blade pedestal, wherein the connecting portions are provided with openings between the adjacent connecting portions; A screen blade that is attached to the blade pedestal from the width direction and that performs secondary crushing of the waste with the rotary blade that passes above, the roof portion covering a part of the opening Placed in.

According to such a configuration, the primary crushing and the secondary crushing are performed on the waste, so that the waste can be efficiently crushed to a predetermined size, and the waste can be quickly crushed with a predetermined particle size. Can be crushed.

In the biaxial crusher, a casing that accommodates the rotating shaft and the screen portion, a scraper that is fixed to the casing and extends in a direction of the axis on a side of the rotating shaft, the casing and the spacer A plate-shaped first scraper piece arranged close to the spacer so as to fill the space, and the first scraper piece and the axial direction are alternately stacked to fill the space between the casing and the rotary blade. A scraper blade having a second scraper piece disposed in proximity to the rotary blade, and a scraper blade attached to the second scraper and performing tertiary crushing of the waste with the rotary blade. You may have.

According to such a configuration, the waste can be more efficiently crushed to a predetermined size by performing the third crushing in addition to the primary crushing and the secondary crushing on the waste.

In the above biaxial crusher, the rotary blade is provided with a plurality of crushing blades provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the axis, each having a convex portion that protrudes radially outward when viewed from the circumferential direction. And at least one of the screen blade and the scraper blade may have a concave portion through which the convex portion passes.

According to such a configuration, the waste can be crushed between the convex portion and the concave portion.

In the biaxial crusher, the screen blade may further include an extending portion that extends toward the spacer and is close to the spacer.

According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent waste from passing between the spacer and the screen blade without being crushed.

The biaxial crusher may include a plurality of outer coupling portions that connect the casing and the screen blade pedestal, and each of the outer coupling portions includes a second opening between the adjacent outer coupling portions. It's okay.

According to such a configuration, the space between the casing and the screen blade cradle can function as a screen.

In the biaxial crusher, at least one of the screen blade and the scraper blade may be divided corresponding to each of the plurality of rotary blades.

According to such a configuration, even when the screen blade and the scraper blade are damaged due to wear or the like, they can be easily replaced.

According to the present invention, by performing primary crushing and secondary crushing on the waste, the waste can be efficiently crushed to a predetermined size, and the waste can be crushed to a predetermined particle size earlier. can do.

It is a perspective view of the biaxial crusher of embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of a crushing mechanism, a screen unit, and a scraper unit of an embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the biaxial crusher of embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3. It is sectional drawing of the blade part of the crushing mechanism of embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the rotary blade of embodiment of this invention. It is a top view explaining the shape of the rotary blade adjacent to the width direction of the biaxial crusher of embodiment of this invention, a spacer, and a scraper. It is a perspective view of the screen unit of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the screen unit of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the screen blade of embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the 1st scraper piece of embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the 2nd scraper piece of embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing seen from the axial direction of the scraper blade of embodiment of this invention. It is a XIV arrow line view of FIG. It is a perspective view of the scraper blade of embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining the effect | action of the biaxial crusher of embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the screen unit of the 1st modification of this invention. It is a perspective view of the crushing mechanism of the 2nd modification of the present invention, a screen unit, and a scraper unit. It is a top view of the screen unit of the 3rd modification of the present invention. It is a top view explaining the shape of the rotary blade adjacent to the width direction of the biaxial crusher of the 4th modification of this invention, a spacer, and a scraper. It is a top view of the screen unit of the 5th modification of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the biaxial crusher of embodiment of this invention is demonstrated in detail with reference to drawings.
The biaxial crusher of the present embodiment is a crusher that crushes waste such as wood, bamboo, combustible / non-combustible waste, etc., into a crushed material having a predetermined size (length, particle size) or less. The biaxial crusher of this embodiment is particularly suitable for crushing wood materials and bamboo materials that contain a lot of long waste.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the biaxial crusher 1 receives a pair of crushing mechanisms 3 having a rotary blade 8 and a crushed material crushed by the pair of crushing mechanisms 3. A screen unit 4 (screen portion) for dropping the crushed material having a predetermined size or less downward, a pair of scraper units 5, a crushing mechanism 3, a screen unit 4, and a casing 2 for housing the scraper unit 5, It has. In FIG. 1, illustration of the drive device 10 which comprises the crushing mechanism 3 is abbreviate | omitted, and illustration of the casing 2 is abbreviate | omitted in FIG.

The screen unit 4 is provided with a plurality of screen blades 29 for crushing waste with the plurality of rotary blades 8 of the crushing mechanism 3. The scraper unit 5 is provided with a plurality of scraper blades 35 for crushing waste with the plurality of rotary blades 8 of the crushing mechanism 3. In the following description, the crushing performed by the crushing mechanism 3 is called primary crushing, the crushing performed between the rotary blade 8 and the screen blade 29 is called secondary crushing, and between the rotary blade 8 and the scraper blade 35. The crushing performed is called tertiary crushing.

Each crushing mechanism 3 includes a rotating shaft 7, a plurality of rotating blades 8 attached to the rotating shaft 7, a plurality of spacers 9 attached to the rotating shaft 7, and an electric motor that rotationally drives the rotating shaft 7. Drive device 10. Hereinafter, the rotating shaft 7 of one crushing mechanism 3 is referred to as a first rotating shaft 7a, and the rotating shaft 7 of the other crushing mechanism 3 is referred to as a second rotating shaft 7b.
The pair of rotating shafts 7 are disposed in the casing 2 so as to extend in the horizontal direction and to be rotatable around the axis A in parallel with each other.
The axis A1 of the first rotating shaft 7a and the axis A2 of the second rotating shaft 7b are arranged at an interval in the horizontal direction. Hereinafter, the direction along the axis A is simply referred to as the axis direction Da. A horizontal direction orthogonal to the axial direction Da is referred to as a width direction Y.

The first rotating shaft 7a and the second rotating shaft 7b are each driven by the driving device 10. The first rotating shaft 7a is set to rotate in the T1 direction (clockwise) in FIG. 4, and the second rotating shaft 7b is set to rotate in the T2 direction (counterclockwise) in FIG. That is, the waste is set to pass downward between the first rotating shaft 7a and the second rotating shaft 7b.
The first rotating shaft 7a and the second rotating shaft 7b can be rotated not only in the T1 direction and the T2 direction in FIG. For example, the rotating shaft 7 can be rotated in the reverse direction when a large load is applied to the driving device 10 during crushing.

The drive device 10 can arbitrarily set the rotation speed of the output shaft. The drive device 10 can rotate the rotating shaft 7 at a desired number of rotations.
The biaxial crusher 1 rotates the first rotating shaft 7a at a high speed and rotates the second rotating shaft 7b at a lower speed than the first rotating shaft 7a. The rotation speed of the first rotation shaft 7a is different from the rotation speed of the second rotation shaft 7b, and the rotation speed of the first rotation shaft 7a is higher than the rotation speed of the second rotation shaft 7b.
A configuration may be adopted in which the two rotating shafts 7 are driven using one driving device 10 and a gear mechanism that transmits the driving force of the driving device 10 to the two rotating shafts 7. That is, it is good also as a structure which drives a pair of rotating shaft 7 with the single drive device 10. FIG.

The plurality of rotary blades 8 are attached at intervals in the axial direction Da of the rotary shaft 7. The plurality of spacers 9 are attached between the rotary blades 8 adjacent in the axial direction Da. The rotary blades 8 and the spacers 9 are alternately arranged in the axial direction Da. The width (thickness) of the rotary blade 8 in the axial direction Da and the width of the spacer 9 in the axial direction Da are the same.

As shown in FIG. 4, the cross-sectional shape of the rotating shaft 7 is a hexagon. The rotating shaft 7 is rotated around the axis A by the driving device 10. The cross-sectional shape of the rotating shaft 7 may be a polygonal cross-sectional shape, for example, a quadrangular shape. The rotary shaft 7 may have a circular cross section, and the spacer 9 and the rotary blade 8 may be fixed using a key.

The rotary blade 8 has a disk portion 11 (blade cradle) and a plurality of blade portions 12 that are detachably attached to the outer periphery of the disk portion 11 and arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction of the axis A. The rotary blade 8 of the present embodiment has six blade portions 12 (crushing blades 14) provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the axis A. The blade portion 12 is attached to the disc portion 11 by a bolt 19 (see FIG. 5).

A hexagonal center hole 11 b corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the rotating shaft 7 is formed in the disk portion 11. The rotation shaft 7 is inserted through the center hole 11 b of the disk portion 11.
The disk portion 11 has a substantially hexagonal shape when viewed from the axial direction Da. The blade part 12 is attached to each of six end faces 11 a facing the radially outer side of the disk part 11.

As shown in FIG. 5, stepped portions 11 c having engaging surfaces 11 d facing the circumferential direction of the axis A are formed on the six end surfaces 11 a facing the radially outer side of the disk portion 11. On the contact surface 12a of the blade portion 12 that contacts the end surface 11a of the disk portion 11, a step portion 12c having an engagement surface 12d facing the circumferential direction of the axis A is formed.
The step portion 11c of the disk portion 11 and the step portion 12c of the blade portion 12 are engaged with each other by bringing the engaging

surfaces

11d and 12d into surface contact with each other.

The blade portion 12 has a crushing blade 14 protruding outward in the radial direction of the axis A. The crushing blade 14 has a rake face 14 a facing forward in the rotation direction R, a tip 17 of the crushing blade 14, and a flank 14 b extending rearward from the tip 17 when viewed in the rotation direction R.
The contact surface 12a of the blade portion 12 and the end surface 11a of the disk portion 11 are a pin hole 12e formed in the contact surface 12a of the blade portion 12, and a pin hole 11e formed in the end surface 11a of the disk portion 11. Are aligned by fitting cylindrical pins 15 having substantially the same diameter.

As shown in FIG. 4, a part of the rotation locus L81 of the tip of the rotary blade 8 attached to the first rotary shaft 7a and the rotation locus L82 of the tip of the rotary blade 8 attached to the second rotary shaft 7b. Is overlapped with a part of when viewed from the direction of the axis A.
In other words, as shown in FIG. 7, the maximum outer diameter D8 of the rotary blade 8 is larger than the inter-axis distance DA between the first rotary shaft 7a and the second rotary shaft 7b.

The rotary blade 8 attached to the first rotary shaft 7a and the rotary blade 8 attached to the second rotary shaft 7b are arranged so as to alternate in the axial direction Da.
Next to the width direction Y of the rotary blade 8 attached to the first rotary shaft 7a, a spacer 9 attached to the second rotary shaft 7b is arranged, and the spacer 9 attached to the first rotary shaft 7a Next to the width direction Y, a rotary blade 8 attached to the second rotary shaft 7b is arranged.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the crushing blade 14 (rotating blade 8) has a crushing blade convex portion 16 (convex portion) partially protruding radially outward when viewed from the circumferential direction of the axis A. Yes. The crushing blade convex part 16 of the crushing blade 14 of this embodiment is formed so that the center part of the axial direction Da becomes sharp (mountain shape). The crushing blade convex part 16 is formed so that the thickness in the axial direction Da gradually decreases as it goes outward in the radial direction.
The crushing blade convex portion 16 has a tip 17 extending in the circumferential direction, and a pair of crushing blade slopes 18 connecting the tip 17 and the main surface of the crushing blade 14. The pair of crushing blade slopes 18 intersect at the tip 17. An angle formed by the pair of crushing blade slopes 18 can be set to, for example, 80 ° to 100 °.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the spacer 9 has a spacer recess 20 in which the central portion in the axial direction Da is recessed inward in the radial direction when viewed from the circumferential direction of the axis A. The spacer recess 20 is formed by a pair of spacer inclined surfaces 21 that gradually decrease in diameter toward the center in the axial direction Da.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, 8, and 9, the screen unit 4 extends in the axial direction Da below the pair of rotating shafts 7 and falls from between the pair of crushing mechanisms 3 through primary crushing. A roof portion 23 that receives the crushed material, a roof pedestal 24 that supports the roof portion 23 from below and extends in the axial direction Da, and a pair of screen blade pedestals that are arranged in parallel with the roof pedestal 24 25, a plurality of connecting portions 26 that connect the roof cradle 24 and the screen blade cradle 25, and a screen blade 29 attached to the screen blade cradle 25.

The connecting portion 26 has a pair of first connecting portions 27 disposed at both ends in the axial direction Da, and a plurality of second connecting portions 28 disposed between the pair of first connecting portions 27. The screen unit 4 has a frame 30 formed by a pair of first connecting portions 27 and a pair of screen blade holders 25. The screen unit 4 is fixed to the casing 2 by fixing the frame 30 to the casing 2.

The roof portion 23 extends in the axial direction Da below the pair of crushing mechanisms 3. The roof portion 23 is disposed between the pair of rotating shafts 7 as viewed from above. The roof portion 23 is disposed at a position where the crushed material crushed by the pair of crushing mechanisms 3 falls.
The roof portion 23 has a gable roof shape, and has a pair of inclined surfaces 23b that incline so as to descend from the ridge line 23a extending in the axial direction Da toward the outside in the width direction Y. That is, the pair of inclined surfaces 23b of the roof portion 23 are inclined so that the outer side in the width direction Y is lowered.

The roof pedestal 24 is a rectangular plate-like member whose main surface faces the width direction Y. The upper end of the roof cradle 24 is connected to the vicinity of the ridge line 23 a of the roof portion 23.
The screen blade pedestal 25 is a rectangular plate-like member whose main surface faces the width direction Y, similarly to the roof cradle 24. The screen blade pedestal 25 is arranged in parallel to the roof cradle 24 with a space in the horizontal direction with respect to the roof cradle 24.

The second connecting portion 28 is a plate-like member that is disposed so that the main surface faces the axial direction Da and intersects the main surfaces of the roof cradle 24 and the screen blade cradle 25. The 2nd connection part 28 is arrange | positioned at intervals in the axial direction Da. Between the 2nd connection parts 28 adjacent to the axial direction Da, the opening 31a through which the crushing material used as the predetermined magnitude | size or less passes is provided. The opening 31a has a rectangular shape when viewed from above. The size of the opening 31a can be appropriately changed according to the size (granularity) of the crushed material discharged from the screen unit 4.

The roof part 23 is arrange | positioned so that a part of opening 31a may be covered. The width in the width direction Y of the roof portion 23 can be changed according to the properties of the crushed material, the area of the opening 31a that is reduced by the roof portion 23, and the like.

The screen blade 29 is fixed to the screen blade cradle 25 and cooperates with the rotary blade 8 to secondary crush the crushed material remaining above the screen unit 4 without falling from the opening 31a. The screen blade 29 is divided into a plurality corresponding to the rotary blade 8. The screen blade 29 is a plate-like member whose main surface faces the width direction Y. The screen blade 29 is fixed to the outer surface (surface facing the outside in the width direction Y) of the screen blade cradle 25 by a fastening member such as a bolt 41.

As shown in FIG. 10, the screen blade 29 is formed with a screen blade recess 39 through which the crushing blade protrusion 16 of the rotary blade 8 passes. The screen blade recess 39 has a pair of screen blade slopes 40 corresponding to the crushing blade slopes 18 of the crushing blade projections 16. The screen blade slope 40 is arranged so that a slight gap is provided between the screen blade slope 40 and the rotation trajectory of the crushing blade slope 18.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the scraper unit 5 is fixed to the side wall 2 a of the casing 2, extends in the axial direction Da on the side of the rotary shaft 7, and protrudes toward the rotary blade 8 and the spacer 9. And a scraper blade 35 attached to the scraper 32.
The scraper 32 prevents the waste from falling between the rotary blade 8 and the casing 2, and scrapes off the waste sandwiched between the rotary blades 8.

The scraper 32 has a plate shape and has a plurality of first scraper pieces 33 corresponding to the spacers 9 and a plurality of second scraper pieces 34 which have a plate shape and correspond to the rotary blade 8. The first scraper piece 33 is disposed close to the spacer 9 so as to fill the space between the casing 2 and the spacer 9. The second scraper piece 34 is disposed close to the rotary blade 8 so as to fill the space between the casing 2 and the rotary blade 8. The scraper 32 is formed by alternately stacking first scraper pieces 33 and second scraper pieces 34 in the axial direction Da.

As shown in FIG. 11, the first scraper piece 33 faces upward and becomes lower as it is separated from the side wall 2 a of the casing 2, and the first upper surface 42 is directed downward and becomes higher as it is separated from the side wall 2 a of the casing 2. And a first lower surface 43. The first upper surface 42 and the first lower surface 43 extend to the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 9.
The first scraper piece 33 is provided with a scraper convex portion 46 corresponding to the spacer concave portion 20 of the spacer 9. The scraper convex portion 46 is curved so as to follow the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 9 (spacer concave portion 20). The scraper convex portion 46 has a tip 47 extending in the circumferential direction, and a pair of scraper convex slopes 48 connecting the tip 47 and the main surface of the first scraper piece 33.

As shown in FIG. 12, the second scraper piece 34 faces upward and becomes lower as it is separated from the side wall 2 a of the casing 2, and the second scraper piece 34 faces downward and becomes higher as it is separated from the side wall 2 a of the casing 2. And a second lower surface 45. The second upper surface 44 and the second lower surface 45 extend to the vicinity of the rotation locus of the crushing blade 14 of the rotary blade 8.
The second scraper piece 34 is provided with a scraper concave portion 49 corresponding to the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8. The scraper recess 49 is curved so as to follow the rotation locus of the rotary blade 8. The scraper recess 49 is formed by a pair of scraper recess slopes 50 that gradually extend away from the closest axis A toward the center of the axis direction Da.

When the first scraper pieces 33 and the second scraper pieces 34 are alternately stacked in the axial direction Da, the first upper surface 42 and the second upper surface 44 are the same. The first lower surface 43 and the second lower surface 45 are formed so as to be disposed on the same plane.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the scraper blade 35 is attached to the second lower surface 45 of the second scraper piece 34 and cooperates with the rotary blade 8 to perform the third crushing of the waste. The scraper blade 35 is divided into a plurality corresponding to the rotary blade 8. The scraper blade 35 is a plate-like member and is fixed to the second lower surface 45 of the second scraper piece 34 by a fastening member such as a bolt 41.
As shown in FIG. 15, the scraper blade 35 is formed with a scraper blade recess 51 corresponding to the crushing blade protrusion 16 of the rotary blade 8. The scraper blade recess 51 has a pair of scraper blade slopes 52 corresponding to the crushing blade slopes 18 of the crushing blade projections 16.

As shown in FIG. 7, the spacer 9 and the rotary blade 8 are located between the spacer inclined surface 21 and the crushing blade inclined surface 18 when the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 comes closest to the spacer concave portion 20 of the spacer 9. Are formed so that a slight gap G is provided. That is, the rotation trajectory of the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 and the spacer concave portion 20 of the spacer 9 have a complementary shape.

The spacer 9 and the first scraper piece 33 are formed such that a slight gap is provided between the spacer slope 21 of the spacer 9 and the scraper convex slope 48 of the first scraper piece 33. That is, the spacer concave portion 20 of the spacer 9 and the scraper convex portion 46 of the first scraper piece 33 have complementary shapes.

The rotary blade 8 and the second scraper piece 34 are arranged between the crushing blade slope 18 and the scraper recess slope 50 when the crushing blade projection 16 of the rotary blade 8 comes closest to the scraper recess 49 of the second scraper piece 34. It is formed so that a slight gap is provided. That is, the rotation trajectory of the crushing blade convex portion 16 when the rotary blade 8 rotates and the scraper concave portion 49 of the second scraper piece 34 have complementary shapes.

As shown in P part of FIG. 2, the rotary blade 8 and the screen blade 29 have a crushing blade slope 18 when the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 and the screen blade concave portion 39 of the screen blade 29 are closest to each other. And the screen blade slope 40 are formed so as to have a slight gap.

Similarly, the rotary blade 8 and the scraper blade 35 are formed such that when the crushing blade convex portion 16 of the rotary blade 8 and the scraper blade concave portion 51 of the scraper blade 35 are closest, the crushing blade slope 18 and the scraper blade slope 52 It is formed so that a slight gap is provided between them.
The gap between the rotary blade 8 and the screen blade 29 and the gap between the rotary blade 8 and the scraper blade 35 are larger than the gap between the spacer 9 and the scraper 32 and the gap between the rotary blade 8 and the scraper 32. small.

As shown in FIG. 16, in the biaxial crusher 1 having the above-described configuration, when the waste W1 is put into the casing 2, the rotary blade 8 of the first rotary shaft 7a is in the T1 direction and the second rotary shaft. When the rotary blade 8 of 7b rotates in the T2 direction opposite to the T1 direction, the waste W1 is primarily crushed. The crushed material W <b> 2 is discharged downward between the pair of rotating shafts 7 and falls on the roof portion 23. The crushed material W2 falling on the roof portion 23 is guided to one of the width directions Y by the slope 23b. Of the crushed material W2, the crushed material W2 having a predetermined size or less falls downward through the opening 31a of the screen unit 4. That is, the crushed material W2 having a predetermined size or less is discharged from the biaxial crusher 1 without further crushing.

On the other hand, the crushed material W2 staying on the screen unit 4 without falling from the opening 31a is introduced between the screen blade 29 and the rotary blade 8 along with the rotation of the rotary shaft 7, and is secondarily crushed. That is, in the biaxial crusher 1 of the present embodiment, further crushing is performed on the crushed material W2 that has undergone crushing (primary crushing) by the pair of crushing mechanisms 3.

The crushed material W2 discharged to the outside of the screen unit 4 through the secondary crushing falls downward through the opening 31b between the screen unit 4 and the casing 2. Here, for example, the crushed material W2 caught between the crushing blades 14 of the rotary blade 8 without falling from the opening 31b between the screen unit 4 and the casing 2 is between the scraper blade 35 and the rotary blade 8. Introduced and tertiary crushed.

According to the above configuration, the primary crushing by the crushing mechanism 3 and the secondary crushing by the screen blade 29 are performed on the waste, so that the waste can be efficiently crushed to a predetermined size. Waste can be crushed to a predetermined particle size.
Moreover, the efficiency of crushing can be improved by performing the tertiary crushing by the scraper blade 35.

That is, the crushing blade convex portion 16 is provided on the crushing blade 14 of the rotary blade 8, and the spacer 9 and the scraper 32 are provided with the spacer 9 blade and the scraper blade 35 corresponding to the crushing blade 14. Can be crushed.

Further, since the screen blade 29 and the scraper blade 35 are divided corresponding to the rotary blade 8, for example, when the screen blade 29 or the scraper blade 35 is worn, only necessary portions can be replaced. That is, the operation cost of the biaxial crusher 1 can be reduced.
Further, by adopting a structure in which the screen blade 29 is fixed to the outside of the screen blade cradle 25, the screen blade 29 can be easily attached and detached.

In the above embodiment, the screen unit 4 is provided with the screen blade 29 for secondary crushing, and the scraper unit 5 is provided with the scraper blade 35 for tertiary crushing. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the scraper blade 35 may not be provided in the scraper unit 5.
In the above embodiment, the screen blade recess 39 is provided in the screen blade 29 and the scraper blade recess 51 is provided in the scraper blade 35. However, the present invention is not limited to this. At least one of the screen blade 29 and the scraper blade 35 may have a simple shape without a recess.

[First modification]
Hereinafter, the crusher of the 1st modification of this invention is demonstrated in detail with reference to drawings. In addition, in this modification, it demonstrates centering around difference with embodiment mentioned above, The description is abbreviate | omitted about the same part.
As shown in FIG. 17, the screen blade 29 </ b> B of the present modification has a screen blade convex portion 54 (extension portion) adjacent to the screen blade recess 39, extending toward the spacer 9, and close to the spacer 9. ing. The screen blade convex portion 54 extends to the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 9. The screen blade convex portion 54 has a pair of screen blade convex portion slopes 56 formed so that a slight gap is provided between the tip 55 and the spacer slope 21.

According to the above modification, it is possible to prevent the waste from passing between the spacer 9 and the screen blade 29 without being crushed.

[Second modification]
Hereinafter, the crusher of the 2nd modification of this invention is demonstrated in detail with reference to drawings. In addition, in this modification, it demonstrates centering around difference with embodiment mentioned above, The description is abbreviate | omitted about the same part.
As shown in FIG. 18, the screen blade 29C of the present modification is formed integrally. That is, the screen blade 29 </ b> C of this modification is not divided corresponding to the rotary blade 8.

According to the above modification, the rigidity of the screen blade 29C can be improved, and consequently the rigidity of the screen unit 4 can be improved. Further, the number of bolts 41 for fixing the screen blade 29C to the screen blade cradle 25 can be reduced.
Note that the screen blade 29B of the first modified example can be integrally formed in the same manner as the screen blade 29C of the second modified example.

[Third Modification]
Hereinafter, the crusher of the 3rd modification of this invention is demonstrated in detail with reference to drawings. In addition, in this modification, it demonstrates centering around difference with embodiment mentioned above, The description is abbreviate | omitted about the same part.
As shown in FIG. 19, the screen blade 29 of the present modification is fixed to the inside of the screen blade holder 25, whereas the screen blade 29 of the embodiment is fixed to the outside of the screen blade holder 25. Yes. That is, the screen blade 29 of the present modification is fixed to the surfaces of the pair of screen blade holders 25 that face each other.

According to the modified example, when the screen blade 29 receives the torque of the rotary blade 8, the screen blade 29 is supported by the screen blade receiving base 25 (frame body). Thereby, it is possible to prevent the screen blade 29 from being detached due to the rotational torque of the rotary blade 8, and the number of bolts 41 can be reduced.
The screen blade 29B of the first modification may be fixed inside the screen blade cradle 25, or the screen blade 29 fixed inside the screen blade cradle 25 may be integrally formed.

[Fourth modification]
Hereinafter, the crusher of the 4th modification of this invention is demonstrated in detail with reference to drawings. In addition, in this modification, it demonstrates centering around difference with embodiment mentioned above, The description is abbreviate | omitted about the same part.
As shown in FIG. 20, the crushing blade 14 of the rotary blade 8 of the present modification has a crushing blade convex portion 16 </ b> A having a rectangular shape as viewed from the circumferential direction of the axis A.

The spacer 9 of this modification has a rectangular spacer recess 20A corresponding to the rotation locus of the crushing blade protrusion 16A. Similarly, the second scraper piece 34 of the present modification has a rectangular scraper concave portion 49A corresponding to the rotation trajectory of the crushing blade convex portion 16A, and the first scraper piece 33 corresponds to the spacer concave portion 20A. A rectangular wave-shaped scraper convex portion 46A is provided. Although not shown, the screen blade recess 39A of the screen blade 29 and the scraper blade recess 51A of the scraper blade 35 also have a rectangular shape corresponding to the rectangular crushing blade protrusion 16A.

According to the above modification, waste can be actively crushed between the rotary blade 8 and the scraper 32.

[Fifth Modification]
Hereinafter, the crusher of the 5th modification of this invention is demonstrated in detail with reference to drawings. In addition, in this modification, it demonstrates centering around difference with embodiment mentioned above, The description is abbreviate | omitted about the same part.
As shown in FIG. 21, in this modification, the screen blade pedestal 25 and the side wall 2 a of the casing 2 are connected by a plurality of outer connecting portions 58. By providing the plurality of outer connecting portions 58, a plurality of second openings 31 c are formed between the screen blade holder 25 and the casing 2. That is, the biaxial crusher of this modification is provided with a screen between the screen unit 4 and the casing 2.

The outer connecting portion 58 is a plate-like member that is disposed so that the main surface thereof faces the axial direction Da and intersects the main surfaces of the screen blade holder 25 and the side wall 2a. The outer connecting portions 58 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction Da. Between the outer connection parts 58 adjacent to each other in the axial direction Da, a second opening 31c through which crushed material having a predetermined size or less passes is provided. The magnitude | size of the 2nd opening 31c can be changed suitably.

According to the above modification, the space between the casing and the screen blade cradle can function as a screen.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes design changes and the like within a scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. .

According to the above-mentioned biaxial crusher, the primary crushing and the secondary crushing are performed on the waste, so that the waste can be efficiently crushed to a predetermined size, and the waste can be quickly crushed with a predetermined particle size. Can be crushed.

1 Biaxial crusher 2 Casing 2a Side wall 3 Crushing mechanism 4 Screen unit (screen part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Scraper unit 7 Rotating shaft 7a 1st rotating shaft 7b 2nd rotating shaft 8 Rotating blade 9 Spacer 10 Drive apparatus 11 Disc part

11a End surface

11b Center hole

11c Step part

11d Engagement surface 12 Blade part

12a Contact surface

12c Step part

12d Engagement surface 14 Crushing blade 14a Rake surface 14b Flank 15 Pin 16 Crushing blade convex portion 17 Tip 18 Crushing blade slope 19 Bolt 20 Spacer recess 21 Spacer slope 23 Roof portion 23a Ridge 23b Slope 24 Roof cradle 25 Screen blade pedestal 26 Connecting portion 27 First connecting portion 28 Second connecting portion 29 Screen blade

29B Screen blade

29C Screen blade 30

Frame

31a, 31b Opening 31c Second opening 32 Scraper 33 First scraper piece 34 Second scraper piece 35 Scraper blade 35 Screen blade recess 40 screen blade Slope 41 Bolt 42 First upper surface 43 First lower surface 44 Second upper surface 45 Second lower surface 46 Scraper convex portion 47 Tip 48 Scraper convex slope 49 Scraper concave portion 50 Scraper concave slope 51 Scraper blade concave portion 52 Scraper blade slope 54 Screen blade convex portion 55 Tip 56 Screen Blade Convex Slope 58 Outer Link A (A1, A2) Axis Da Axial Direction G Gap Y Width Direction

Claims

A biaxial crusher for crushing waste,
A pair of rotating shafts arranged in parallel to each other at intervals in the horizontal direction;
A plurality of rotary blades that are attached to each of the rotary shafts at intervals in the axial direction of the rotary shaft and perform primary crushing of the waste, and one of the pair of rotary shafts as viewed from the axial direction A plurality of rotary blades in which a part of the rotation trajectory of the rotary blade attached to the rotary shaft and a part of the rotation trajectory of the rotary blade attached to the other rotary shaft overlap,
A plurality of spacers alternately attached to each rotary shaft in the axial direction with the rotary blade;
A screen portion disposed below the pair of rotating shafts,
The screen portion is
A roof portion disposed between the pair of rotating shafts and extending in the axial direction;
A roof pedestal that supports the roof portion from below and extends in the axial direction;
A screen blade cradle having a main surface arranged parallel to the main surface of the roof cradle and in the width direction with a gap in the horizontal direction with respect to the roof cradle;
A plurality of connecting portions connecting the roof pedestal and the screen blade pedestal, wherein the connecting portion is provided with an opening between the adjacent connecting portions;
A screen blade attached to the screen blade pedestal from the width direction and performing secondary crushing of the waste with the rotary blade passing above, the roof portion having a part of the opening A biaxial crusher arranged to cover.
A casing for housing the rotating shaft and the screen portion;
A scraper fixed to the casing and extending in the axial direction on the side of the rotating shaft, the plate-shaped first scraper disposed close to the spacer so as to fill a space between the casing and the spacer Scrapers, and second scraper pieces, which are alternately stacked in the axial direction and arranged close to the rotary blade so as to fill the space between the casing and the rotary blade. When,
The biaxial crusher of Claim 1 which has a scraper blade attached to said 2nd scraper piece, and performing the tertiary crushing of the said waste between the said rotary blades.
The rotary blade has a plurality of crushing blades provided with a gap in the circumferential direction of the axis, each having a convex portion that protrudes radially outward when viewed from the circumferential direction,
The biaxial crusher according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the screen blade and the scraper blade has a concave portion through which the convex portion passes.
The biaxial crusher according to claim 3, wherein the screen blade further includes an extending portion that extends toward the spacer and is close to the spacer.
The plurality of outer coupling portions that connect the casing and the screen blade pedestal, and each of the outer coupling portions includes a plurality of outer coupling portions provided with a second opening between the adjacent outer coupling portions. The biaxial crusher as described in any one.
The biaxial crusher according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein at least one of the screen blade and the scraper blade is divided corresponding to each of the plurality of rotary blades.