JPH08323232A - Cutting edge for shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a shredder which saves labor in work to exchange abraded cutting edges for a shredder and in which impact force transmitted from cutting edge pieces is borne surely by a mount. CONSTITUTION: A cutting edge 10 which is set to a shaft 1 pivoted by a casing is divided into a mount 14 part which is engaged with the shaft 1 and an edge part 13 which surrounds the mount part 14, and the edge 13 part is divided into edge pieces 13a in the circumferential direction to include a claw 10a. The edge pieces 13a are fixed to a mount 14 attachably/detachably by bolts 16, and the mount 14 is surrounded by edge pieces so that the periphery of the mount 14 is not exposed to the surface to prevent the abrasion of the mount part. A step-shaped tooth part 14a which is engaged with each of the edge pieces 13a is formed projectingly on the periphery of the mount 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a cutting blade for a shredder which continuously crushes various kinds of solid processed materials by a shearing action, and more specifically, is mounted on a rotary shaft axially supported by a casing. The present invention relates to a cutting blade for a shredder, which is configured such that a cutting blade is divided into a mounting base portion and a cutting edge portion so that wear occurs only in the cutting edge portion, and that the cutting blade can be easily replaced.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a shearing type crusher capable of effectively utilizing a shearing force to crush all solid processed materials such as plastic, wood chips, paper, metal, rubber, fiber and leather. (See, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-41309).

In this type of shearing type crusher (hereinafter, also referred to as shredder), two shafts can be rotated in parallel with each other through bearings in a casing having an inlet and an outlet for the processed material. The disc-shaped cutting blades, which are an integral body, are arranged alternately on each shaft with a spacer interposed therebetween. In the cutting blades arranged alternately, the side surfaces on one side are in close contact with each other, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the cutting blades partially overlap each other to form a so-called slit cutter. Further, a claw for drawing in the processed material is provided on the outer periphery of the cutting blade so as to partially project. When the shredder is used, a pair of cutting blades facing each other are rotationally driven inward with respect to each other, and the target treated article is loaded through the loading port at the top of the casing. Then, the object to be treated is drawn into the gap between the cutting blades by the claws of the cutting blades facing each other, crushed by the shearing action of the slit cutter, and dropped from the discharge port.

[0004]

In this type of shredder, the cutting blade is functionally most likely to be worn, and it is necessary to replace it with a new one after a certain period of use. Depending on the frequency of use and processed material, it may have to be replaced within a fairly short period of time.

However, since the disc-shaped cutting blade is an integral one, when replacing it, it is necessary to separate the casing and the bearing and then remove the cutting blade together with the spacer from the shaft, which is very complicated. It will be a laborious task. Moreover, since such a shredder is equipped with a considerable number of cutting blades, it requires a great deal of labor to replace it and maintenance is not easy.

On the other hand, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-31953 discloses a shredder in which a blade is divided in the circumferential direction. The blade is fixed to the base side with bolts. The boundary surface of each of the divided blade bodies is a vertical surface, and the vertical blades are in contact with each other to form an integrated cutting blade in the circumferential direction.

In such a structure, since the divided blade bodies are arranged on the circumference, a gap easily occurs on the boundary surface due to an error. In this case, the force transmitted from the blade at the time of crushing becomes difficult to be transmitted to the adjacent blade through this vertical boundary surface,
A bending moment acts on the bolt. Further, if a minute gap (backlash) exists on the boundary surface, the boundary surface is hit by the impact force during the crushing, resulting in damage.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is divided into a portion of a mounting base for mounting a cutting blade on a shaft and a blade tip portion which is easily worn, and the blade tip portion is brought into contact with and separated from the mounting base. (EN) Provided is a shredder cutting blade which is configured to be capable, and in which a reaction force transmitted from the blade tip piece is surely supported by the attachment base by engaging with the blade tip piece by a stepped tooth portion provided on the attachment base. With the goal.

[0009]

To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a cutting blade is mounted on a shaft supported by a casing of a shredder with a spacer interposed therebetween, and the cutting blade is fitted to the shaft. The mounting base portion and the blade tip portion surrounding the mounting base portion are formed separately, and further, the blade tip portion is divided in the circumferential direction to be formed by a plurality of blade tip pieces, and each blade tip piece is configured to be contactable with and separable from the mounting base. In the shredder surrounding the outer periphery of the mounting base at the blade tip portion so as not to be exposed on the surface, stepped tooth portions that engage with each blade tip piece are formed to project on the outer periphery of the mounting base.

[0010]

In the above structure, since the mounting base is surrounded by the cutting edge portion so as not to be exposed on the surface, it is protected from abrasion when the processed material is crushed, and only the cutting edge portion is worn by use. Become. When replacing the blade tip portion, it is only necessary to individually remove the blade tip pieces divided in the circumferential direction from the mounting base. Then, the new cutting edge portion is joined and fastened to the mounting base with bolts or the like to be integrated as a cutting blade. With the cutting blade having such a configuration, the blade tip can be easily replaced by replacing only the worn blade tip portion of the cutting blade without removing the casing or the bearing.

Moreover, since the stepped tooth portion is formed on the outer periphery of the mounting base so as to engage with each blade tip piece, the axial rotation force is reliably transmitted to the blade tip portion by the stepped tooth portion. The reaction force transmitted through the cutting edge piece at the time of crushing and cutting is supported by the mount through the stepped tooth portion.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the structure of the entire shredder equipped with the cutting blade according to the present invention will be described. 4 is a plan sectional view of the entire shredder, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the same side, and FIG. 6 is FIG.
It is sectional drawing in the XX arrow of No ..

In these figures, a main shaft 1 and a slave shaft 2, which are two rotary shafts having a rectangular cross section, are arranged in parallel at a constant interval, and both shaft ends of the shafts 1 and 2 are bearings. It is rotatably supported by a box-shaped casing 4 via 3.
A shaft 1 a connected to the main shaft 1 is connected to a drive shaft 7 of an electric motor 6 via a joint 5. A spur gear 8 is mounted on a shaft 1a connected to the main shaft 1 and meshes with a spur gear 9 provided at one end of the slave shaft 2. Therefore, the electric motor 6 is driven to drive the spindle 1
Is rotated to the left, the slave shaft 2 is rotated in the opposite right direction, that is, the two shafts 1 and 2 are configured to rotate inward (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 6) to face each other. .

On the two parallel axes 1 and 2, there is provided a spacer 1 having a disc-shaped cutting blade 10 having a structure described later.
Alternately sandwiching 1 in close contact with each other, the side faces thereof are fitted and mounted in a state of closely overlapping each other. Each cutting blade 10
A plurality of claws 10 for drawing and cutting the processed material on the outer periphery of the
a (see the cutting blade 10 in FIG. 6) is provided at a constant interval. At the same time as the claw 10a pulls in the object to be processed when the cutting blade 10 rotates, the claw 10a comes close enough to make sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the opposing spacer 11 (the clearance at the time of approach is set to about 0.5 to 1 mm) and is processed by shearing. It serves to break an object into a certain length (a length corresponding to the distance between the claws 10a). The side surfaces of the pair of cutting blades 10 that face each other are always closely wrapped to form a slit cutter, and the processing object introduced from above the casing 4 is drawn in by the claw 10a, and due to the shearing action of the slit cutter. It is crushed and discharged downward.

A scraper 12 is provided so as to project from the side of the box-shaped casing 4 at a position facing the cutting blade 10 and the spacer 11, and the tip ends of the scraping blade 10 (the tip of the claw 10a) and the spacer 11, respectively. It is formed in a semi-circular shape so as to be close to the peripheral surface. The scraper 12 has a function of scraping off the processing object sandwiched between the cutting blades 10.

By the way, in the case of the cutting blade 10 having the above-mentioned function, the cutting edge portion of the outer periphery and especially the portion of the claw 10a are easily worn, and it is necessary to replace it with a new one after using it for a certain period. Here, as described above, if the cutting blade 10 is an integrated body, it cannot be easily replaced.

Therefore, the cutting blade 10 according to the present invention is constructed as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the cutting blade 10 is divided into a portion of a mounting base 14 fitted to the shafts 1 and 2 having a rectangular cross section and a portion of a cutting edge 13 surrounding the mounting base 14. The cutting edge 13 and the mounting base 14 can be brought into and out (attached to and detached from each other) as described later. Moreover, the part of the cutting edge 13 is divided into several parts in the circumferential direction. That is, the blade edge 13 is formed by joining and connecting several substantially hook-shaped blade edge pieces 13a including one claw 10a in the circumferential direction.

Joining boundary surface C between the cutting edge 13 and the mounting base 14
Are not exposed to the surface, that is, are completely surrounded by the cutting edge piece 13a so that the entire outer periphery of the mounting base 14 is not exposed to the surface. As a result, wear occurs only on the cutting edge 13 and not on the mount 14. Thus, since the portion of the mounting base 14 is protected by the portion of the cutting edge 13 and is not worn, replacement is required only at the portion of the cutting edge 13. A stepped tooth portion 14a is formed on the outer periphery of the mounting base 14 so as to be engaged with each blade tip piece 13a.
The tooth portion 14a takes charge of the reaction force at the time of cutting while being surely transmitted to the part.

A bolt hole 15 is formed in each cutting edge piece 13a, and a bolt 16 is inserted into this bolt hole 15 and screwed into a female screw hole 17 formed on the mounting base 14 side, whereby each cutting edge piece is formed. 13a is attached to and detached from the outer periphery of the mounting base 14 (detachment)
It is possible to be integrated so that one cutting blade 10 is formed.

FIG. 2 shows the size relationship between the spacer 11 and the mounting base 14 which are tightly sandwiched on both sides of the cutting blade 10. That is, the outer diameter D of the spacer 11 is formed so as to have a relationship (D> d) larger than the outer diameter d of the mounting base 14. As a result, as shown in the drawing, the side surface of the spacer 11 (projected in this example) Except for the stepped tooth portion 14a) Shaded portion 11a
Is configured to protrude from the outer shape of the mounting base 14. By doing so, each cutting edge piece 13a joined to the outer peripheral surface of the mounting base 14 is sandwiched by the protruding portions (hatched portions in the figure) 11a of the spacers 11 on both sides, and is fixed so that its position in the width direction does not shift. Will be done. Thus, each cutting edge piece 13a is fixed by the bolt 16 in the direction perpendicular to the shaft 1 as described above, and the axial direction (that is, the width direction of the cutting edge).
Since it is clamped and fixed by the protruding portions of the spacer 11 that are in close contact with both sides of the blade edge piece 13a, there is no rattling even during long-term use, and there is no hindrance to the pulling-in and breaking functions thereof.

Therefore, when exchanging the worn blade edge portion 13, it is sufficient to simply remove the fastening bolt 16 and remove the blade edge piece 13a from the mounting base 14. After separating the casing and the bearing as in the conventional case. No work is required to pull out the entire cutting blade from the shaft. Also, the blade piece 13a can be easily attached to the mounting base 14. Since such a shredder is usually equipped with a considerable number of cutting blades, the replacement work is significantly labor-saving when the present proposal is adopted.

On the other hand, in the structure of the shredder, not only the cutting blade 10 but also the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 11 is easily worn. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the spacer 11 is also divided into two parts so that they can be brought into contact with and separated from each other. The joint surface is fastened with a bolt 18 using a notch 19 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 11. Spacer 1 by removing the bolt 18
The shaft 1 can be easily removed from the shafts 1 and 2 and can be easily replaced.

[0024]

The cutting blade according to the present invention described above is
Divided and formed by the part of the mounting base fitted to the shaft and the cutting edge part surrounding it, the cutting edge is also divided in the circumferential direction and formed of several cutting edge pieces, and each cutting edge piece is configured to be attachable to and detachable from the mounting base. As a result, only the cutting edge is worn by use, and the replacement work is greatly labor-saving and maintenance is very easy to perform. By forming the projecting tooth portion, the stepped tooth portion can reliably transmit the axial rotation force to the blade tip portion, and the reaction force transmitted from the blade tip piece at the time of crush cutting can be transmitted through the step toothed portion. It can be securely supported by the mounting base.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a part of the entire cutting blade according to an embodiment of the present invention in cross section.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a size relationship between a mounting base that constitutes a cutting blade and a spacer that is in close contact with the mounting base.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a spacer.

FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view showing a configuration of the entire shredder equipped with a cutting blade according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the same.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... (Main) shaft 2 ... (Slave) shaft 4 ... Casing 6 ... Electric motor 8, 9 ... Spur gear 10 ... Cutting blade 10a ... Claw 11 ... Spacer 11a ... Overhanging portion 12 ... Scraper 13 ... Blade tip 13a ... Blade tip piece 14 ... Mounting base 14a ... Stepped tooth

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cutting blade is mounted on a shaft axially supported by a casing of a shredder with a spacer interposed therebetween, and the cutting blade is divided into a mounting base portion fitted to the shaft and a cutting edge portion surrounding the mounting base portion. Moreover, this blade tip portion is divided in the circumferential direction and formed by a plurality of blade tip pieces, and each blade tip piece is configured to be able to come into contact with and separate from the mounting base, and the outer periphery of the mounting base is exposed on the surface at the blade tip portion. A cutting blade for a shredder, characterized in that a stepped tooth portion that meshes with each blade tip is formed on the outer periphery of the mounting base so as not to surround the shredder.