JP2007000634A - 流体作動式の対向したジョーを有する外科用器械 - Google Patents

流体作動式の対向したジョーを有する外科用器械 Download PDF

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JP2007000634A
JP2007000634A JP2006172913A JP2006172913A JP2007000634A JP 2007000634 A JP2007000634 A JP 2007000634A JP 2006172913 A JP2006172913 A JP 2006172913A JP 2006172913 A JP2006172913 A JP 2006172913A JP 2007000634 A JP2007000634 A JP 2007000634A
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Kenneth S Wales
ケネス・エス・ウェールス
Frederick E Shelton Iv
フレドリック・イー・シェルトン・ザ・フォース
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Abstract

【課題】最小侵襲外科手技に適した外科用器械を提供する。
【解決手段】外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械10はシャフト18および取っ手22とともに開口部131を通って位置決めされた上下のジョー12,30を設けることにより最小侵襲外科手技を可能にする。流体アクチュエータブラダ24,26がトレイ40の下でチャネル30内に位置決めされていて、取っ手22からの流体の移送によりアンビル12の閉鎖および締付けが生じる。取っ手22のところでまたは電気活性ポリマーアクチュエータ作動により双方向流体制御を機械的に実施できる。発火の検出により医薬物質シリンジ100内のEAPプランジャ110が作動されて医薬物質を放出し、EAPプランジャ110がE−ビーム64の切断面まで案内されて医薬物質を切断されたままの組織上に置く。
【選択図】図2

Description

開示の内容
〔関連出願の参照〕
本願は、ケネス・ウェールス(Kenneth Wales)およびチャド・ブードロー(Chad Boudreaux)名義で2005年2月18日に出願された米国特許出願第11/061,908号(発明の名称:SURGICAL INSTRUMENT INCORPORATING A FLUID TRANSFER CONTROLLED ARTICULATION MECHANISM)に関するものであってこの出願の権益主張出願であり、参照によりその開示内容全体を本明細書の一部とする。
〔発明の分野〕
本発明は一般に、ライン状に配置されたステープルを組織に止めながら組織をこれらステープルライン相互間で切断できる外科用ステープラ器械に関し、特に、ステープラ器械に関する改良およびこのようなステープラ器械の種々の構成部品を形成する方法の改良に関する。
〔発明の背景〕
最小侵襲手術用の外科用器械は、種々の外科手技について入院期間および回復時間を短くする上で益々利用されている。これら外科用器械の多くは、細長いシャフトを介してエンドエフェクタを作動させる機構体を有し、この細長いシャフトは、互いに対向させる2つの対向した表面を必要とする外科的ステップを実施する。例えば、把持器(グラスパ)では、回動自在に対向するジョーが用いられる。回動自在に取り付けられた鋏の刃が、切断器具に組み込まれている。作動制御装置を十分な力で細長いシャフトの下方に設けることは、トロカールの細いカニューレを通過するよう断面積を最小限に抑えるという設計上の目的によって困難になる。加うるに、細長いシャフトは、複数の制御機能(例えば、回転、関節運動等)を有する場合が多い。さらに、経済的な器具を提供するよう設計上の複雑さを減少させることが望ましい。
特に難題のある外科用器械の一例として、先行技術において、長手方向切開部を組織に設けると同時にライン状に配置されたステープルを切開部の反対側の側部に付着させるために外科用ステープラが用いられている。このような器械は通常、1対の互いに協働するジョー部材を有し、これらジョー部材は、器械が内視鏡用または腹腔鏡用の場合、カニューレ通路を通過することができる。ジョー部材のうちの一方は、少なくとも2つの側方に間隔を置いた列をなすステープルを有するステープルカートリッジを受け入れる。他方のジョー部材は、カートリッジ内のステープルの列と整列するステープル形成ポケットを備えたアンビルを定める。この外科用器具は、複数個の往復動ウェッジを有し、これらウェッジは、遠位側へ駆動されると、ステープルカートリッジの開口部を通ってステープルを支持しているドライバに係合し、それによりアンビルに向かうステープルの発火を生じさせる。
米国特許第5,465,895号明細書に記載された内視鏡用途に適した外科用ステープラの一例が、有利には、別個独立の閉鎖運動と発火動作をもたらす。それにより、臨床医は、ジョー部材を組織に当てて閉じて発火前に組織を位置決めすることができる。臨床医によりジョー部材が正しく組織を掴んでいるといったん判定されると、臨床医は次に、外科用ステープラを発火させることができ、それにより組織を切断するとともにステープル留めする。切断とステープル留めを同時に行うことにより、このような動作をそれぞれ切断またはステープル留めのみを行う互いに異なる外科用ツールを用いて順次実施する際に生じる場合のある複雑さが回避される。
これら最小侵襲外科用器械は、広く用いられており、従来の開放式手術法と比べて顕著な技術的進歩となっていることが判明している。さらに追加の特徴および機能を組み込むことが望ましい。
〔発明の概要〕
本発明は、先行技術の上述した欠点および他の欠点を、最小侵襲外科手技に適していて、エンドエフェクタを細長いシャフトを介して手術用開口部を通って位置決めする取っ手を備えた外科用器械を提供することにより解決する。エンドエフェクタは、組織に接触する対向した1対の回動部材を有する。流体作動式閉鎖機構体は、取っ手に取り付けられている流体アクチュエータによる閉鎖動作または運動に反応して、流体を流体導管を横切って、1対の回動部材を押圧して閉鎖状態にするよう位置決めされた流体リザーバに双方向に移送する。それにより、細長いシャフト内への流体導管の組み込みにより、望ましい小さな断面のシャフトが重要な外科手術を実施することができる。
本発明の一特徴では、外科用器具は、組織に対して開閉するよう流体アクチュエータによって作動されるエンドエフェクタを有する。いったん閉鎖されると、長手方向発火運動を細長いシャフト内で往復動作させるよう受け入れられた発火バーが、長手方向発火運動を取っ手から移送してステープルカートリッジを作動させ、エンドエフェクタ内の締付け状態の組織を切断する。
本発明の更に別の特徴では、外科用器械は、閉鎖作動を生じさせる取っ手を有し、この閉鎖作動は、流体を細長いシャフト内の流体導管を通って、レバーを位置決めするレバーキャビティ内に設けられている流体アクチュエータに移送する。第1の組織接触部材のレバーは、第2の組織接触部材との回動連結部からレバーキャビティ内に近位側へ延びている。流体移送は有利には、1対の組織接触部材の回動運動を生じさせる。
本発明の上述の目的および利点並びに他の目的および利点は、添付の図面およびその説明から明らかにされるはずである。
本明細書に組み込まれてその一部をなす添付の図面は、本発明の実施形態を示しており、上述の本発明の概要説明および後述の実施形態の詳細な説明と一緒になって、本発明の原理を説明するのに役立つ。
〔発明の詳細な説明〕
図面を参照すると(幾つかの図中、同一の符号は同一のコンポーネントを示している)、図1および図2は、本発明のユニークな利点を実践することができる外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械10を示しており、この器械は、エンドエフェクタ14の上側ジョー(アンビル)12の流体作動(例えば、開放、閉鎖/締付け)と切断されたままの組織上への医薬物質の投与の両方を含む。エンドエフェクタ14の流体作動は、従来型機械的リンク仕掛けの幾つかの設計上の制約を回避する或る範囲の設計上のオプションを提供する。例えば、拘束またはコンポーネントが破損する場合を回避することができる。さらに、切断された組織上に液体を投与することにより、或る範囲の有利な治療行為、例えば麻酔薬、接着剤、焼灼物質、抗生物質、凝固薬等の適用を行うことができる。
特に図2を参照すると、外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械10は、細長いシャフト18により形成された作業部分16およびステープル留め組立体20として示されたエンドエフェクタ14を有している。外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械10は、シャフト18に近位側で取り付けられた取っ手22(図1)を更に有している。取っ手22は、作業部分16が手術用開口部または特に最小侵襲外科手技を実施するための気腹を形成するトロカールのカニューレを通って挿入されたときでも患者の外部に位置したままである。
左側および右側の流体アクチュエータブラダ(リフトバッグ)24,26が、ステープルチャネル30の後方部分28内に支持されている。アンビル12は、後方部分28の遠位側でステープルチャネル30に形成された外方に開いた側方ピボット凹部36,38に回動自在に嵌合する1対の内方に差し向けられた側方ピボットピン32,34を有している。アンビル12は、流体アクチュエータブラダ(リフトバッグ)24,26の上方に位置した状態でこれと接触状態をなしてステープルチャネル30の後方部分28内へ突き出た近位側へ差し向けられたレバートレイ40を有し、従って、流体アクチュエータブラダ24,26を満たすと、アンビル12の遠位締付け部分41がステープルチャネル30の遠位部分44内に保持されたステープルカートリッジ42の方へシーソーのように回動するようになっている。流体アクチュエータブラダ24,26またはエンドエフェクタ14の他の或る弾性機構を排気して押し潰すと、アンビル12が開く。左側および右側流体導管46,48はそれぞれ、作動のために流体を双方向に移送させるよう左側および右側流体アクチュエータブラダ24,26と連通する。
本明細書では、「近位」および「遠位」という用語は、器械の取っ手を掴む臨床医に関して用いられていることは理解されよう。かくして、外科用ステープル留め組立体20は、より近位の取っ手部分22に対して遠位側に位置する。便宜上および分かりやすくするために、本明細書で用いる「垂直」および「水平」という空間に関する用語は、図面に対して用いられていることは更に理解されよう。しかしながら、外科用器械は、多くの向きおよび位置で使用され、これら用語は、本発明を制限するものではなく絶対的なものでもない。
細長いシャフト18は、フレーム50(図2)を有し、このフレームの近位端部は、回転ノブ52がエンドエフェクタ14とともにフレーム50を回転させるように取っ手22に回転自在に係合している。フレームの遠位端部は、ステープルチャネル30の遠位リップ56に嵌合する側方凹部54を有している。フレーム50は、側方に心出しされた底部発火スロット58を有し、このスロットは、遠位側に取り付けられたE−ビーム64を備えた発火バー62で構成される二つ割り型発火バー60を受け入れるためにフレーム50を長手方向に貫通して延びており、このE−ビームは、組織を切断してステープル留めするためにステープル留め組立体20内で並進する。フレーム50の遠位部分は、上方キャビティ66を有し、このキャビティの遠位端部および近位端部には遠位および近位孔68,70が貫通して設けられており、これら孔相互間にクロスバー72が形成され、クリップばね76の遠位側へ突き出たクリップ74が、このクロスバー72上で、下方ばねアーム78に係合し、この下方ばねアームは、特に下方ばねアーム78が発火バー62に設けられた隆起部分80に当たったとき、上方キャビティ66を貫通して遠位側へかつ下方へ突き出て発火バー62を下方へ付勢してこれをステープルチャネル30に係合させる。
医薬物質の投与は、フレーム50に形成されていて、長手方向長さに沿って矩形孔92を介して外部に通じる側方にオフセットした円筒形キャビティ90を設けることにより細長いシャフト18に組み込まれ、この矩形孔は、この孔92を通って円筒形キャビティ90内へ挿入される電気活性ポリマー(EAP)シリンジ100よりも僅かに短い。円筒形キャビティ90の近位部分は、長手方向に位置合わせされた圧縮ばね102を収容し、この圧縮ばねは、EAPシリンジ100の遠位投与コーン104を遠位側でフレーム50に密着させるよう働きかけ、そして、EAPシリンジ100の挿入および取り出しのための並進を可能にしている。電気導体106が、フレーム50を貫通して延び、この電気導体は、これまた導電性金属で作られた圧縮ばね102に取り付けられている。EAPシリンジの後方部分は、導電性であり、ばね102に接触してEAPシリンジ100の近位部分内に保持されたEAPアクチュエータ110に対するカソードを形成している。恐らくは導体106と一緒に移動する別の導体もまた、アノードとしての役目を果たすようEAPアクチュエータ110に電気的に通じていることは理解されよう。
EAPアクチュエータ110は、動作状態にされると、長手方向に拡張し、プランジャとして働いてEAPシリンジ100の遠位部分にある医薬物質112を遠位投与コーン104を通って押し出す。EAPアクチュエータ110が側方に縮んでその長手方向拡張を相殺する限り、プランジャシール114は、EAPシリンジ100内に横方向封止状態を維持する。例えば導体106の周りに設けられたベント(図示せず)により、医薬物質112が投与されているときに空気がEAPシリンジ100を補充できる。ベントは、漏れを防止するよう医薬物質112の表面張力を利用することができる。変形例として、同一目的で一方向弁を用いてもよい。以下に説明するように、医薬物質112は、フレーム50によって側方流体溝120に導かれ、この側方流体溝は、発火バー62およびE−ビーム64に形成されていて、医薬物質をE−ビーム64の切断面122に差し向けるようになっている。フレームスロット58は、側方流体溝120を密封するよう寸法決めされている。ばねクリップ76の下に位置決めされた側方流体溝120の部分は、発火バー案内124によって密封されている。図示のバージョンでは、外側シース82は、フレーム50およびアンビル12の近位側へ突き出たレバートレイ40を包囲する。頂部遠位開口部131により、アンビル12の閉鎖が可能である。
外側シース130の外側矩形孔132は、フレーム50に形成された矩形孔92に対応するように寸法決めされるとともに長手方向に位置決めされている。或る用途では、外側シース130を回転させると矩形孔92を外側矩形孔132に選択的に位置合わせしてEAPシリンジ100の挿入または取り出しを行うことができるようになっている。幾つかの用途では、EAPシリンジ100を所望の医薬物質の選択を可能にはしない細長いシャフト内に一体に組み込んでもよいことは理解されるべきである。例えば、一体形ステープルカートリッジおよび薬剤投与リザーバを備えた使い捨て作業部分が、ユニットとして臨床医により選択される場合がある。しかしながら、使用時に挿入を可能にすると、医薬物質(例えば、麻酔薬、接着剤、抗生物質、焼灼配合物等)を選択する上での臨床上の融通性が得られ、作業部分16の保存寿命が延びるとともにその貯蔵および包装が単純化されることを含む或る特定の利点があると考えられる。
図示のバージョンでは、多くの円板状のEAP層の細長いスタックは、長手方向に位置合わせされるとともにこの長手方向軸線に沿って拡張するよう構成されている。電気活性ポリマー(EAP)は、電圧が印加されると形状を変える1組の導電性ドープポリマー(conductive doped polymers)である。本質的には、導電性ポリマーは、或る形態のイオン性流体またはゲルおよび電極と対をなしている。流体/ゲルから導電性ポリマーに出入りするイオンの流れは、印加された電圧によって誘起され、この流れは、ポリマーの形状変化を誘発させる。電圧は、用いられるポリマーおよびイオン性流体に応じて1V〜4kVである。EAPの中には電圧が印加されると収縮するものがあり、膨張するものもある。EAPは、電圧が印加された場合に引き起こされる効果を変化させるよう機械的手段、例えばばねまたは可撓性プレートと対をなす場合がある。
EAPには2つの基本的なタイプがあり、各タイプには多数の形態がある。2つの基本的なタイプは、ファイバ(繊維)の束および積層バージョンである。ファイバの束は、約30〜50ミクロンのファイバから成る。これらファイバは、織物に非常によく似た束の状態に織成されることがあり、このためにEAPヤーンと呼ばれる場合が多い。この種のEAPは、電圧が印加されると収縮する。電極は通常、中央ワイヤーコアおよび導電性外側シースで構成され、この導電性外側シースもまた、ファイバの束を包囲するイオン性流体を収容するのに役立つ。サンタフェ・サイエンス・アンド・テクノロジー(Santa Fe Science and Technology)社によって製造され、PANION(登録商標)ファイバとして市販されている市販のファイバEAP材料の一例が、米国特許第6,667,825号明細書に記載されており、参照により、その記載内容全体を本明細書の一部とする。
他のタイプは、積層構造体であり、この積層構造体は、EAPポリマーの層と、イオン性ゲルの層と、積層構造体のいずれかの側に取り付けられた2枚の可撓性プレートとから成っている。電圧が印加されると、正方形の積層板は、一方向に膨張し、垂直方向に収縮する。市販の積層(板)EAP材料の一例は、エスアールアイ・ラボラトリーズ(SRI Laboratories)の一部門であるアーティフィシャル・マッスル・インコーポレイテッド(Artificial Muscle Inc)によって製造されている。プレートEAP材料は、日本国のEAMEXによって製造され、薄膜EAPと呼ばれている。
EAPは、通電されても容積を変化させないことは注目されるべきであり、かかるEAPは、或る方向に単に膨張しまたは収縮し、他方、横断方向において逆の挙動を示す。積層バージョンは、一方の側部を剛性構造体に当てた状態で収容し、他方の側部をピストンに非常に似たように用いることによりその基本形態で使用できる。積層バージョンはまた、可撓性プレートのいずれかの側部にくっつけてもよい。可撓性プレートEAPの一方の側部に通電すると、この可撓性プレートEAPは、膨張し、このプレートは、逆方向に曲がる。これにより、このプレートを通電される側部に応じていずれかの方向に曲げることができる。
EAPアクチュエータは通常、協働するよう互いに束ねられた数多くの層またはファイバから成る。EAPの機械的形状は、EAPアクチュエータおよび運動のためのその能力を決定する。EAPを長いストランドの状態に形成し、互いにその単一の中央電極に巻き付けてもよい。可撓性外部スリーブは、アクチュエータのための他方の電極を形成するとともにこの器具の機能に必要なイオン性流体を収容する。この形態では、電界を電極に加えると、EAPのストランドが短くなる。EAPアクチュエータのこの形態は、ファイバ型EAPアクチュエータと呼ばれる。これと同様に、積層形態を可撓性プレートのいずれの側にも数多くの層の状態で配置することができ、または、その能力を高めるようそれ自体層の状態であってよい。代表的なファイバ構造体は、2〜4%の有効歪を有し、代表的な積層バージョンは、高い電圧を利用すると20〜30%を達成する。
例えば、積層EAP複合材をEAP層に取り付けられた正のプレート電極層で作ることができ、このEAP層は、イオン性セル層に取り付けられ、このイオン性セル層は、負のプレート電極層に取り付けられる。複数個の積層EAP複合材は、EAPプレートアクチュエータを形成するようこれら相互間に設けられた接着剤層によりスタックの状態に取り付けることができる。理解されるべきこととして、いずれかの方向に選択的に曲がることができる対向したEAPアクチュエータを形成してもよい。
収縮性EAPファイバアクチュエータは、プラスチックシリンダ壁内に形成された細長い円筒形キャビティを介して絶縁ポリマー近位エンドキャップを貫通した長手方向白金カソードワイヤを有してもよく、プラスチックシリンダ壁は、正のアノードとして役立つよう導通可能にドープされている。白金カソードワイヤの遠位端部は、絶縁ポリマー遠位エンドキャップ内に埋め込まれている。複数本の収縮ポリマーファイバが、カソードワイヤを包囲した状態でこれと平行に配置されており、これらファイバの端部は、それぞれのエンドキャップ内に埋め込まれている。プラスチックシリンダ壁は、周囲が、円筒形キャビティを包囲するようそれぞれのエンドキャップ周りに取り付けられていて、収縮ポリマーファイバとカソードワイヤとの間の空間を満たすイオン性流体またはゲルを密封している。電圧をプラスチックシリンダ壁(アノード)とカソードワイヤの間に印加すると、イオン性流体は、収縮ポリマーファイバに入り、それによりこれらの外径が膨潤し、これに対応して長さが縮まり、それによりエンドキャップが互いに向かって引き寄せられる。
外科用器械へのEAPアクチュエータの利用に関する追加の説明は、2005年3月17日に出願された同一所有者による米国特許出願第11/082,495号明細書(発明の名称:SURGICAL INSTRUMENT INCORPORATING AN ELECTRICALLY ACTUATED ARTICULATION MECHANISM)に記載されており、参照によりその開示内容全体を本明細書の一部とする。
図1を参照すると、取っ手22は、アンビル12の閉鎖、二つ割り型発火バー60の発火および医薬物質の投与を制御する。図示のバージョンでは、ピストル形握り140を掴み、押しボタン142を所望通りに押し下げてアンビル12の閉鎖を制御することができる。押しボタン142は、比例電気信号をEAPシリンジ100とほぼ同じEAP投与アクチュエータ(図示せず)に送って導管46,48を通って流体を流体アクチュエータブラダ24,26に移送し、それによりアンビル12を閉じる(図2)。押しボタン142を完全に押し下げると、機械式トグルロック(図示せず)が稼働して押しボタン142を、完全押し下げにより押しボタン142を解除するためにトグルロックが解除されるまで下方に保持する。かくして、押しボタン142が下方に保持されているとき、外科医は、エンドエフェクタ14が閉じられて締付けられ、これらがEAP投与アクチュエータの作動の続行またはロック機構によってこの位置に維持されているという視覚表示を有する。例えば、制御回路は、押しボタン142の運動を検出でき、それにより、EAP投与アクチュエータと導管46,48を相互に連通させている常閉EAP遮断弁(図示せず)が開くようになる。この運動がいったん終わると、EAP遮断弁は、再び閉じてアンビル12を定位置に維持する。加うるに、手動による解除方式を組み込んでこのようなロックアウトを無効にしてアンビル12を開いてもよい。
別法として、流体を流体アクチュエータブラダ24,26に双方向に移送するクロージャトリガ(図示せず)または他のアクチュエータを設けてもよい。上述の米国特許出願第11/061,908号明細書では、アンビル12を閉じるように構成されていてもよい回動シャフトを関節運動させる多数のこのような流体アクチュエータが記載されている。これらバージョンのうちの幾つかについて説明されている差動流体移送方式を十分に活用するために、反対側のリフトバッグ(図示せず)をアンビル12のレバートレイ40の上方に配置して左および右流体アクチュエータブラダ(リフトバッグ)24,26が潰れたときに開放力を働かせるようにしてもよいことは理解されるべきである。
望ましくない発火状況を回避するため、有利には、制御回路に検出手段を組み込むのがよい。例えば、圧力変換器および(または)位置検出手段を流体移送および(または)アンビル位置をモニタするために位置決めしてもよい。例えば、ステープルチャネル30に対するアンビル12の近接度を検出し、もし閉じられていなければ、発火をロックアウトするのがよい。モニタリングは、アンビル12が閉鎖状態であるように指令されていることを指示するしきい値を、この閉鎖を阻止する何らかの事情(例えば、エンドエフェクタ14内の組織が過剰であること)で超える流体圧力を検出することができる。これと同様に、アンビル12が開放状態であるように指令された状態でしきい値下限を下回る流体圧力は、アンビル12が開くことができないことを指示する場合がある(例えば、組織に当たることによって)。取っ手22に設けられた着色発光ダイオード(LED)(図示せず)は、外科医に色、閃光等によって指示を与えることができる。これら指示としては、電源オン(POWER ON)、セルフテスト良好(Self-Test GOOD)、セルフテスト不良(Self-Test BAD)、バッテリ残量少(BATTERY LOW)、アンビル開放(ANVIL OPEN)、アンビル閉鎖(ANVIL CLOSED)、アンビル開放ブロック状態(ANVIL BLOCKED OPEN)、アンビル閉鎖ブロック状態(ANVIL BLOCKED CLOSED)が挙げられる。発火を阻止するようにする指示を用いると、発火を実施不能にすることができる。
特に図3を参照すると、取っ手22は、発火ロッド152が細長いシャフト18の近位部分154内で遠位側へ動くようにピストル形握り140に向かって近位側に引かれる発火トリガ150(図1)を有する。発火ロッド152の遠位ブラケット156が、発火バー62の上方近位フック158に係合する。フレーム50内に設けられた動的シール160が、発火ロッド152に密着して作業部分が通気状態の腹部内に挿入されたときに空気圧の作用で密封されるようにする。
発火ロッド152のアンチバックアップ型機構体170を有利には取っ手22のために設けるのがよく、取っ手22は、多ストローク発火トリガ150および発火ロッド152に結合された引っ込み付勢発火機構体(図示せず)を有する。具体的に説明すると、アンチバックアップ型ロックプレート172は、発火ロッド152を密嵌め貫通穴(図示せず)を通過させ、この密嵌め貫通穴は、引っ込み発火ロッド152がロックプレート172をロックプレートの底部がフレーム50内で定位置に保持されている状態で図示のように後方に傾けたときに動かなくする。アンチバックアップ型カムスリーブ174が、アンチバックアップ型ロックプレート172の遠位側に位置決めされており、発火ロッド152を挿通させたより遠位側の圧縮ばね176によって接触状態に押圧され、この圧縮ばねは、フレーム50内で圧縮されている。取っ手22内の機構体は、発火ロッド152を引っ込めるために手動でアンチバックアップ型機構体170を解除できることは理解されるべきである。
図4および図5では、図示のバージョンではステープル留め組立体20であるエンドエフェクタ14は、流体アクチュエータブラダ24をデフレートさせることによって開かれており、それによりアンビル12のレバートレイ40が引き下げられ、このレバートレイは、ピン32周りに回動して遠位締付け部分41を上昇させ、それによりアンビル12とステープルカートリッジ42との間における身体組織180の位置決めを可能にしている。E−ビーム64は、アンビルポケット184内に位置する上方ピン182を有し、この上方ピンは、アンビル12の開閉の繰り返しを可能にする。アンビル12の長さに沿って形成されたアンビルスロット186が、アンビル12を閉じて二つ割り型発火バー60を遠位側へ前進させるときに、上方ピン182を受け入れる。中間ピン188は、底部ピンまたは足部190と対向してステープルチャネル30の上方でステープルカートリッジ42内で摺動し、この底部ピンまたは足部は、ステープルチャネル30の底面に沿って摺動する。
図6および図7では、ステープル留め組立体20は、流体アクチュエータブラダ(リフトバッグ)24を膨張させ、アンビル12のレバートレイ40を外側シース130と面一をなすまで上昇させることによって閉じられており、レバートレイ40の近位側の上方に曲げられた先端部192は、頂部遠位開口部131に入るようになっている。この曲げられた先端部192は、開口部131と組み合わせ状態で有利には、アンビル12にとって大きな半径方向移動を可能にし、更に、下に位置する流体アクチュエータブラダ24に穿刺先端部ではなく当接面を与えている。アンビル12を閉じると、上方ピン182は発火のためにアンビルスロット186と整列し、組織180は、切断およびステープル留めに適した厚さまで平らにされる。
図7および図8では、E−ビーム64は、幅の狭い長手方向スロット202と連通した下方に開口した側方に幅の広い凹部200に沿って載っているその底足部190を示すよう切除されており、E−ビーム64の垂直部分204は、この長手方向スロットを貫通している。幅の狭い長手方向スロット202に通じる近位孔206は、底足部190のための組み立て部品の導入を可能にする。底隆起部208が、発火バー62に設けられていて、クリップばね76がエンドエフェクタ発火ロックアウト機構(図示せず)との適正な係合および場合によってはこれとの相互作用のために発火バー62の上方部分80に押し付けられていることにより発火移動の最初の部分の間、近位孔206に落ち込むようになっている。また、この位置により、エンドエフェクタ14を閉鎖状態に挟むことができ、それにより手術用導入箇所、例えばトロカール(図示せず)のカニューレを通る挿入を容易にする。図8〜図10を参照すると、発火バー案内124は、発火バー62の一部に側方から接触し、側方流体溝120の対応の部分を閉じる。図11では、円筒形キャビティ90内のEAPシリンジ100は、フレーム50に形成されていて、側方流体溝120と連通した半径方向流体通路220と連通しているその遠位投与コーン104を有している。図12では、外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械10内への取り付け前に、EAPシリンジ100を有利には、使い捨てキャップ230で密封するのがよい。図13および図14では、EAPシリンジ100は、使い捨てキャップ230が設けられていない状態で示されており、ばね230によって遠位側へ押圧されて遠位投与コーン104に係合し、これを半径方向流体通路220に連通させている。
外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械10内に設けられた1つ以上のセンサは、発火状態(例えば、発火バーまたは発火バーに結合された機構体の運動、発火トリガの位置および投与のための別個のユーザ制御装置等)を検出でき、投与を行うために投与制御回路を作動させることができることは理解されるべきである。
図15〜図18では、別の二つ割り型発火バー300が長手方向に積層された左半分および右半分の発火バー部分302,304から形成されており、これら発火バー部分は、E−ビーム309に取り付けられた発火バー305を形成している。それにより、発火バー300に沿ってこれを流下する流体の移送を一段と制限することができる。具体的には、左半分の発火バー部分302に設けられた左側流体溝310は、左半分および右半分の発火バー部分302,304にそれぞれ設けられた1対の互いに整列した内部流体溝312,314に遠位側へ移行し、内部流体通路316を構成している。E−ビーム309は側方に厚く、長手方向に短い長さのものなので、このE−ビームには、切断面322と内部流体通路316と連通するよう位置合わせされた後縁部との間で穴開け流体通路320が形成されている。
図19では、本発明のユニークな利点を具体化することができる別の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械410を示しており、この器械は、エンドエフェクタ414の上側ジョー(アンビル)412の流体作動(例えば、開放、閉鎖/締付け)と切断されたままの組織上への医薬物質の投与の両方を含む。作業部分416が、細長いシャフト418およびステープル留め組立体420として示されたエンドエフェクタ414によって形成されている。外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械410は、シャフト418に近位側で取り付けられた取っ手22を更に有している。取っ手422は、作業部分416が手術用開口部または特に最小侵襲外科手技を実施するための気腹を形成するトロカールのカニューレを通って挿入されたときでも患者の外部に位置したままである。
流体アクチュエータブラダ(リフトバッグ)424が、近位側へ差し向けられたレバー440の下でステープルチャネル430内に支持されており、このレバーは、流体アクチュエータブラダ424,426の充填によりアンビル412がステープルチャネル30の遠位部分44内に保持されたステープルカートリッジ442に向かってシーソーのように回動するように突き出ている。流体アクチュエータブラダ424の排気および潰れは、流体アクチュエータブラダ424に対向してアンビルレバー440の上方に位置決めされた弾性圧力変換器425によって助長され、流体は流体導管446を通って近位側へ流れる。
制御回路450は、オン/オフスイッチ452によって動作可能状態にされると電力供給されてバッテリ454を電気的に接続し、これらバッテリへの接近は、取っ手422のピストル形握り458内に設けられたバッテリコンパートメント457を閉鎖するバッテリキャップ456を介して物理的に行われる。コントローラ(例えば、マイクロコントローラ、プログラムドロジックアレイ、アナログ式制御回路等)460が、ユーザにより作動されるスイッチまたは器械410の状態を指示するセンサから電気信号を受け取る。例えば、押しボタン464に接触している押しボタン式圧力センサ462は、閉鎖指令を検出する。この閉鎖指令信号は、別々の開放/閉鎖信号または中間の閉鎖度を指示するより連続的な値であるのがよい。変形例として、コントローラ460は、閉鎖のための押しボタン464の最初の押し下げを検出し、次に開くための押しボタン464の2回目の押し下げを検出してもよい。
コントローラ460は、電気的流体制御装置を作動させることによって閉鎖信号に応答し、この電気的流体制御装置は、図示のバージョンでは、流体導管446を通って流体を投与するようプランジャ474をシリンダ476内で並進させるEAPスタックアクチュエータ472を有するEAPシリンジアクチュエータ470である。シリンダ476は有利には、多すぎる組織を掴んだ場合に過剰の圧力を生じさせないで閉鎖を行うよう所望の流体圧力で所望の流体流量を生じさせるよう寸法決めされたものであるのがよい。
流体の圧力を有利には、シリンダ476に取り付けられた流体圧力変換器478および(または)弾性圧力変換器425からのアンビル412の検出運動によって検出するのがよい。変形例としてまたは追加例として、流体の移送量を有利には、例えば、プランジャ474内に組み込まれた標的を検出するようシリンダ476に取り付けられたホール効果変換器480,482によって検出してもよい。コントローラ460は、英数字式ディスプレイ(図示せず)または複数個のLED、例えば、電力LED(POWER LED)490、アンビル位置LED(ANVIL POSITION LED)492および故障LED(FAULT LED)494を介して外科医に指示を提供できる。コントローラ460はまた、発火、例えば、トリガセンサ496を検出でき、これに応答して、EAP医薬物質ディスペンサ100に投与のための指令を出すことができる。
使用にあたり、図20に示すように、エンドエフェクタ閉鎖および投与制御手順または一連の操作500が、図19の制御回路460により実行される。給電される電力(ブロック502)に応答して、電力LEDが照明される(ブロック504)。閉鎖指令が検出されたかどうかに関する判定を行う(ブロック506)。もしそうでなければ閉鎖LEDを消す(もし照明されていれば)(ブロック508)。閉鎖アクチュエータを非動作状態にして(もしその時点で動作状態にあれば)アンビルの弾性開放を可能にする(ブロック510)。発火を実行不能にし(ブロック512)、処理ループはブロック504に戻って閉鎖コマンドの待機を続ける。閉鎖指令がブロック506で検出されると、閉鎖アクチュエータを動作状態にし(ブロック514)、アンビルが応答するのを待つ間所定の時間が経過する。(ブロック516)次に、たとえば圧力分布を比較しまたは位置(例えばアンビルの位置)を検出することにより首尾よく閉鎖が行われたかどうかについての判定をブロック518で行う。もし満足がゆかなければ、故障LEDを照明する(ブロック520)。閉鎖アクチュエータを非動作状態にし(ブロック522)、処理は停止する(ブロック524)。ユーザの介入では、装置をリセットするのに電力のサイクル動作が必要な場合がある。ブロック518においてアンビルが首尾よく閉鎖されると、閉鎖LEDを照明する(ブロック526)。閉鎖アクチュエータは、この閉鎖状態に保たれ(ブロック528)、これは、閉鎖アクチュエータを非動作状態にするのを可能にする締付けロックによって助長できる。発火を実行可能にする(ブロック530)。次に、閉鎖指令が依然として存在しているかどうかについての決定を行う(ブロック532)。もしそうでなければ、処理ループはブロック504に戻ってエンドエフェクタを開放する。依然としてブロック532において閉鎖状態であれば、エンドエフェクタの発火が検出されているかどうかの別の判定を行う(ブロック534)。もしそうであれば、医薬物質投与を作動させる(ブロック536)。さもなければ、処理ループはブロック532に戻って発火のための待機を続ける。
本発明を幾つかの実施形態の説明により例示し、図示の実施形態をかなり詳細に説明したが、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の範囲をこのような細部に制限しまたはいかなる点においても限定することは、本出願人の意図ではない。追加の利点および改造は、当業者には明らかである。
例えば、分かりやすくするために本明細書において非関節運動シャフトを説明したが、流体作動式エンドエフェクタおよび(または)医薬物質投与を関節運動シャフト内に組み込んでもよいことは理解されるべきである。具体的に言えば、シャフトの関節運動継手を通過する可撓性流体導管を組み込んでもよい。変形例として、撓みネック型関節運動継手中に流体を流通させる通路を形成してもよい。
別の例として、医薬物質投与と流体作動式アンビル閉鎖の両方を本明細書において説明したが、本発明の特徴と一致する用途は、これら特徴のいずれかを含むことができる。さらに、接着剤および(または)焼灼医薬物質が投与される用途に関し、例えばステープルのような特徴を省いてもよいことは理解されるべきである。
別の例として、ステープル留め組立体20を本明細書において説明したが、他のエンドエフェクタ(把持器、切断器具等)は、流体制御式閉鎖と医薬物質投与のうちのいずれか一方または両方から恩恵を受けることができることは理解されるべきである。
さらに別の例として、EAPシリンジ用の受け器を細長いシャフト内ではなく取っ手内に形成してもよい。
電気活性ポリマープランジャは種々の利点を有するが、他形式の電気作動式器具を用いて細長いシャフトを通して医薬物質をエンドエフェクタに送ってもよいことは理解されるべきである。
さらに別の例として、第2のEAPシリンジについて対称の構造を細長いチャネル内に形成して発火中、2種類の医薬物質を同時に投与できるようにしてもよい。
さらに別の例として、ステープル留め器械は、例示の実施形態を提供するが、他の内視鏡器械は、流体をその遠位端部のところまたはその近くで投与できることから恩恵を受けることができることは理解されるべきである。恩恵を得ることができる器械の例としては、アブレーション器具、把持器、焼灼ツール、吻合リング導入器具、外科用ステープラ、直線ステープラ等が挙げられるが、これらには限定されない。したがって、切断面への都合のよい流体通路として役立つ発火バーを採用しない器械はその代わりに、適当な場所に通じる管または流体導管を有することができる。
電気活性ポリマープランジャは種々の利点を有するが、他形式の電気作動式器具を用いて細長いシャフトを通って医薬物質をエンドエフェクタに送ってもよいことは理解されるべきである。
さらに別の例として、細長いシャフトの凹部内に拘束される流体アクチュエータブラダに代えてシリンダおよびピストンラムを用いてもよい。
本発明と一致する幾つかの用途においては、エンドエフェクタの回動部材は両方とも、鋏のような構造をなしてエンドエフェクタの遠位端部に対して回動することは理解されるべきである。かくして、流体アクチュエータブラダを、力を加えてこれら回動部材の回動連結部から近位側へ突き出たそれぞれのレバーを分離しまたは互いに引き寄せて閉鎖(例えば、掴み、切断)または開放を行うよう位置決めしてもよい。
別法として、流体アクチュエータブラダをジョーを押圧して開くよう対向したジョー相互間の回動係合部の遠位側に位置決めしてもよいことは理解されるべきである。
別の例として、外科医による直接的な操作のための取っ手22を分かりやすく説明したが、本発明と一致したロボット位置決め式器械は有利には、本明細書において説明した流体移送作動の電気的制御および検出を利用できる。
本発明の具体的な実施態様は、次の通りである。
(1)外科用器械において、
閉鎖作動を生じさせるよう作動的に構成された取っ手と、
前記取っ手に取り付けられた細長いシャフトと、
前記細長いシャフトに遠位側で取り付けられていて、組織を締付ける対向したジョーを有するエンドエフェクタと、
対向して組織に接触する1対の回動部材であって、該回動部材は各々、それぞれの近位側へ突き出たレバーを有し、該レバーは、他方のレバーに対してピボット連結部周りに回動するよう拘束される、1対の回動部材と、
流体作動式閉鎖機構体と、
を具備し、
前記流体作動式閉鎖機構体は、
前記レバー相互間に位置決めされた流体アクチュエータと、
前記流体アクチュエータおよび前記細長いシャフトと連通した流体導管と、
前記取っ手による前記閉鎖作動に応答して、前記流体アクチュエータにより流体を前記流体導管を横切って選択的にかつ双方向に移送する流体リザーバと、を有する、
外科用器械。
(2)実施態様(1)記載の外科用器械において、
前記取っ手は、機械的往復閉鎖運動を生じさせるよう作動的に構成され、前記流体リザーバは、前記機械的往復閉鎖運動によって選択的に圧縮されたり拡張されたりする、外科用器械。
(3)実施態様(1)記載の外科用器械において、
前記取っ手による前記閉鎖運動に応答して、閉鎖信号を選択的に生じさせる制御回路を更に有し、前記流体リザーバは、電気活性ポリマー作動式双方向流体ポンプを更に有する、外科用器械。
(4)実施態様(1)記載の外科用器械において、
前記1対の回動部材は、組織を対向して切断する切断刃を有する、外科用器械。
(5)実施態様(1)記載の外科用器械において、
前記1対の回動部材は、掴みジョーを有する、外科用器械。
(6)実施態様(1)記載の外科用器械において、
前記1対の回動部材の下側回動部材から近位側へ突き出た前記レバーは、前記取っ手に取り付けられた前記細長いシャフトのフレームを有する、外科用器械。
(7)実施態様(6)記載の外科用器械において、
前記下側回動部材は、ステープルチャネルを有し、前記上側回動部材は、アンビルを有し、
前記外科用器械は、
前記ステープルチャネル内に受け入れられたステープルカートリッジと、
前記細長いチャネル内に摺動自在に受け入れられていて、締付けられた組織の切断およびステープル留めを行うよう閉鎖状態のエンドエフェクタを通って遠位側へ動くことができる発火バーと、を更に有する、
外科用器械。
(8)実施態様(1)記載の外科用器械において、
前記シャフトは、関節運動継手を更に有し、前記流体導管は、前記関節運動継手を横切る可撓性部分を更に有する、外科用器械。
(9)実施態様(8)記載の外科用器械において、
前記細長いシャフトの前記フレームおよび前記アンビルの前記レバーを包囲した外側シースと、
前記アンビルの前記レバーと前記外側シースとの間に位置決めされている流体アクチュエータであって、前記アンビルを開くよう前記左側流体アクチュエータと前記右側流体アクチュエータを対向させる前記流体アクチュエータと、を更に有し、
前記取っ手は、前記対向した流体アクチュエータと前記1対の左側および右側流体アクチュエータを差動的に拡張したり圧縮したりするよう作動的に構成されている、外科用器械。
(10)実施態様(7)記載の外科用器械において、
前記取っ手は、機械的往復閉鎖運動を生じさせるよう作動的に構成され、前記流体リザーバは、前記機械的往復閉鎖運動によって選択的に圧縮されたり拡張されたりする、外科用器械。
(11)実施態様(7)記載の外科用器械において、
前記取っ手による前記閉鎖運動に応答して、閉鎖信号を選択的に生じさせる制御回路を更に有し、前記流体リザーバは、電気活性ポリマー作動式双方向流体アクチュエータを更に有する、外科用器械。
(12)実施態様(1)記載の外科用器械において、
前記流体アクチュエータは、流体アクチュエータブラダを有する、外科用器械。
(13)実施態様(7)記載の外科用器械において、
組織を締付け、ステープル留めし、そして切断する手段を更に有する、外科用器械。
(14)実施態様(1)記載の外科用器械において、
前記1対の回動部材が指令位置に対応していない相対位置にあるエンドエフェクタ妨害状態を検出するよう作動的に構成されたモニタリングシステムを更に有する、外科用器械。
(15)実施態様(14)記載の外科用器械において、
前記モニタリングシステムは、検出された指令位置と検出された現在のエンドエフェクタ位置の比較に応答する制御回路を更に有する、外科用器械。
(16)実施態様(15)記載の外科用器械において、
前記モニタリングシステムは、前記回動部材のうちの少なくとも一方の位置検出を更に含む、外科用器械。
(17)実施態様(15)記載の外科用器械において、
前記モニタリングシステムは、前記流体作動式閉鎖機構体内の流体圧力に応答するよう位置決めされた圧力検出を更に含む、外科用器械。
(18)外科用器械において、
双方向流体運動および長手方向発火運動を生じさせるよう作動的に構成された取っ手と、
前記取っ手に取り付けられていて、前記双方向流体運動を伝えるよう作動的に構成された細長いシャフトと、
前記細長いシャフトに遠位側で取り付けられていて、組織を締付ける対向したジョーで構成されているエンドエフェクタと、
前記長手方向発火運動を伝達するよう長手方向往復発火運動可能に前記細長いシャフト内に受け入れられていて、前記締付けられた組織を前記エンドエフェクタ内で切断する切断面で遠位側が終端した発火バーと、
前記対向したジョーのうちの一方の中に受け入れられていて、ステープルを前記締付けられた組織中に打ち込んで該ステープルを形成するよう前記発火バーに応答するステープルカートリッジと、
前記エンドエフェクタに作動的に結合されていて、前記細長いシャフトを介して前記取っ手からの前記双方向流体運動に応答して前記エンドエフェクタを選択的に開閉する流体アクチュエータと、
を有する、外科用器械。
(19)実施態様(18)記載の外科用器械において、前記流体アクチュエータは、流体アクチュエータブラダを有する、外科用器械。
(20)実施態様(18)記載の外科用器械において、
前記エンドエフェクタは、前記細長いチャネルのフレームに取り付けられたステープルチャネルと、前記ステープルチャネルに回動自在に取り付けられたアンビルと、を有し、該アンビルは、前記ステープルチャネルへの回動取り付け部から近位側へ突き出たレバーを含み、前記流体アクチュエータは、前記アンビルを閉鎖するよう前記レバーと前記ステープルチャネルとの間に位置決めされている、外科用器械。
(21)実施態様(18)記載の外科用器械において、
前記取っ手は、機械的往復閉鎖運動を生じさせるよう作動的に構成され、前記流体リザーバは、前記機械的往復閉鎖運動によって選択的に圧縮されたり拡張されたりする、外科用器械。
(22)実施態様(18)記載の外科用器械において、
前記取っ手による前記閉鎖運動に応答して、閉鎖信号を選択的に生じさせる制御回路を更に有し、前記流体リザーバは、電気活性ポリマー作動式双方向流体ポンプを更に有する、外科用器械。
(23)外科用器械において、
閉鎖作動を生じさせるよう作動的に構成された取っ手と、
前記取っ手に取り付けられた細長いシャフトと、
互いに回動自在に係合し、前記細長いシャフトから遠位側へ突き出た第1および第2の組織接触部材と、
流体作動式閉鎖機構体と、を有し、
該流体作動式閉鎖機構体は、
前記第1の組織接触部材と前記第2の組織接触部材との間に結合された流体アクチュエータと、
前記流体アクチュエータおよび前記細長いシャフトと連通した流体導管と、
前記取っ手による前記閉鎖作動に応答して、前記流体アクチュエータにより流体を前記流体導管を横切って選択的かつ双方向に移送する流体リザーバと、を有する、
外科用器械。
(24)実施態様(23)記載の外科用器械において、
前記第1および前記第2の組織接触部材は、切断刃を有する、外科用器械。
(25)実施態様(23)記載の外科用器械において、
前記第1および前記第2の組織接触部材は、掴みジョーを有する、外科用器械。
(26)実施態様(23)記載の外科用器械において、
前記第1の組織接触部材は、前記第2の組織接触部材との回動係合部から近位側へ延びるレバーを含み、前記細長いシャフトは、前記レバーを受け入れるレバーキャビティを有し、前記流体アクチュエータは、前記レバーキャビティ内に位置決めされている、外科用器械。
開放位置にある流体作動式上側ジョー(アンビル)および電気活性ポリマー(EAP)医薬物質投与シャフトを有する外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の斜視図である。 図1の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の作業部分の分解斜視図である。 全体として長手方向軸線を通る断面が取られていて、E−ビーム発火バーに設けられた投与溝と流体連通状態にあるオフセット状態のEAPシリンジおよび受け器を通る図1の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の作業部分の左側面図である。 全体として長手方向軸線を通る断面が取られているが、アンビルを開く側方にオフセットした流体アクチュエータブラダを示す図1の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の作業部分の遠位部分の詳細左側面図である。 医薬物質管類を有するE−ビーム発火バーの詳細左側面図である。 全体として長手方向軸線を通る断面が取られた図4の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の作業部分の遠位部分の詳細左側面図であり、アンビルが閉鎖状態で示されている図である。 図6のE−ビーム発火バーの詳細左側面図である。 E−ビーム発火バーへの誘導を示す8−8線矢視断面で取ったエンドエフェクタの下側ジョー(ステープルチャネル)および細長いシャフトの接合部分の詳細平面図である。 図2の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の作業部分の発火バー案内の正面図である。 9−9線に沿う断面で表された図9の発火バー案内の左側面図である。 EAP医薬物質シリンジの遠位端部を通る11−11線に沿って取った図3の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の細長いシャフトの正面図である。 図11のEAP医薬物質シリンジの左側面図である。 EAP医薬物質シリンジ用の近位取り付け部を示すよう部分的に切除された図1の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の作業部分の左側面図である。 図13の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の細長いシャフトのEAP医薬物質シリンジおよび受け器の詳細左側面図である。 図2の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の発火バーの平面図である。 図1の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の内部流路を想像線で示す積層発火バーの左側面図である。 内部流路を想像線で示す別のE−ビームの詳細左側面図である。 流路の近位開放溝を通る18−18線に沿って断面で表された図15の積層発火バーの正面図である。 部分的に切除されていて、制御回路および制御装置を示す図1の別の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の左側面図である。 図19の外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械の制御回路により実行される一連の操作の流れ図である。
符号の説明
10,410 外科用ステープル留め兼用切断器械
12 アンビル
14,414 エンドエフェクタ
16,416 作業部分
18 シャフト
20,420 ステープル留め組立体
22 取っ手
24,26 流体アクチュエータブラダ(リフトバッグ)
30 ステープルチャネル
40 トレイ
50 フレーム
52 回転ノブ
60 二つ割り型発火バー
64 E−ビーム
76 クリップばね
100 EAPシリンジ
110 EAPアクチュエータまたはプランジャ
130 シース
131 術用開口部
140 握り
150 発火トリガ
180 身体組織
230 キャップ

Claims (10)

  1. 外科用器械において、
    閉鎖作動を生じさせるよう作動的に構成された取っ手と、
    前記取っ手に取り付けられた細長いシャフトと、
    前記細長いシャフトに遠位側で取り付けられていて、組織を締付ける対向したジョーを有するエンドエフェクタと、
    対向して組織に接触する1対の回動部材であって、該回動部材は各々、それぞれの近位側へ突き出たレバーを有し、該レバーは、他方のレバーに対してピボット連結部周りに回動するよう拘束される、1対の回動部材と、
    流体作動式閉鎖機構体と、
    を具備し、
    前記流体作動式閉鎖機構体は、
    前記レバー相互間に位置決めされた流体アクチュエータと、
    前記流体アクチュエータおよび前記細長いシャフトと連通した流体導管と、
    前記取っ手による前記閉鎖作動に応答して、前記流体アクチュエータにより流体を前記流体導管を横切って選択的にかつ双方向に移送する流体リザーバと、を有する、
    外科用器械。
  2. 請求項1記載の外科用器械において、
    前記取っ手は、機械的往復閉鎖運動を生じさせるよう作動的に構成され、前記流体リザーバは、前記機械的往復閉鎖運動によって選択的に圧縮されたり拡張されたりする、外科用器械。
  3. 請求項1記載の外科用器械において、
    前記取っ手による前記閉鎖運動に応答して、閉鎖信号を選択的に生じさせる制御回路を更に有し、前記流体リザーバは、電気活性ポリマー作動式双方向流体ポンプを更に有する、外科用器械。
  4. 請求項1記載の外科用器械において、
    前記1対の回動部材は、組織を対向して切断する切断刃を有する、外科用器械。
  5. 請求項1記載の外科用器械において、
    前記1対の回動部材は、掴みジョーを有する、外科用器械。
  6. 請求項1記載の外科用器械において、
    前記1対の回動部材の下側回動部材から近位側へ突き出た前記レバーは、前記取っ手に取り付けられた前記細長いシャフトのフレームを有する、外科用器械。
  7. 請求項6記載の外科用器械において、
    前記下側回動部材は、ステープルチャネルを有し、前記上側回動部材は、アンビルを有し、
    前記外科用器械は、
    前記ステープルチャネル内に受け入れられたステープルカートリッジと、
    前記細長いチャネル内に摺動自在に受け入れられていて、締付けられた組織の切断およびステープル留めを行うよう閉鎖状態のエンドエフェクタを通って遠位側へ動くことができる発火バーと、を更に有する、
    外科用器械。
  8. 請求項1記載の外科用器械において、
    前記シャフトは、関節運動継手を更に有し、前記流体導管は、前記関節運動継手を横切る可撓性部分を更に有する、外科用器械。
  9. 請求項8記載の外科用器械において、
    前記細長いシャフトの前記フレームおよび前記アンビルの前記レバーを包囲した外側シースと、
    前記アンビルの前記レバーと前記外側シースとの間に位置決めされている流体アクチュエータであって、前記アンビルを開くよう前記左側流体アクチュエータと前記右側流体アクチュエータを対向させる前記流体アクチュエータと、を更に有し、
    前記取っ手は、前記対向した流体アクチュエータと前記1対の左側および右側流体アクチュエータを差動的に拡張したり圧縮したりするよう作動的に構成されている、外科用器械。
  10. 請求項7記載の外科用器械において、
    前記取っ手は、機械的往復閉鎖運動を生じさせるよう作動的に構成され、前記流体リザーバは、前記機械的往復閉鎖運動によって選択的に圧縮されたり拡張されたりする、外科用器械。
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KR20060134841A (ko) 2006-12-28
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SG128562A1 (en) 2007-01-30
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US7559452B2 (en) 2009-07-14
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AU2006202084A1 (en) 2007-01-11
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EP1736104B1 (en) 2009-03-11
CA2550713A1 (en) 2006-12-23
US20060289600A1 (en) 2006-12-28
RU2006122355A (ru) 2007-12-27
IL175766A0 (en) 2006-10-05
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