JP2007000181A - Protective material and protective clothing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light, flexible and high moisture-permeable protective material and protective clothing which absorb and remove a minute amount of gaseous organic compounds passed though a moisture-permeable film layer, protects a wearer from gas penetration through abrasions or flaws generated during use or through connected parts or fastener parts, and suppresses the heat stress of the wearer. <P>SOLUTION: The protective material and protective clothing have at least one layer or more of a moisture-permeable film layer containing a polyurethane and a layer containing a gas-absorbing material (a gas absorbing layer). The moisture-permeable layer and the other layers are laminated by using an adhesive having a melt index of 100 g/10 min or less. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a protective material and protective clothing having the performance of protecting workers handling hazardous chemical substances. More specifically, it can effectively protect the worker from gaseous or liquid organic chemicals that are absorbed from the skin, such as organophosphorus compounds, and have an adverse effect on the human body, and is lightweight and highly moisture permeable. The present invention relates to protective materials and protective clothing that can suppress stress.

Conventionally, various protective clothing for protecting the human body from harmful chemical substances has been proposed. For example, a material made of a material that does not allow any harmful chemical substances to pass through, such as a rubber cloth, has been proposed. However, when these materials are used, the protective performance is high, but the workability is inferior because the fabric is heavy, and there is no air permeability and moisture permeability. Therefore, if you work in extreme heat or harsh physical work environment, It is subject to great heat stress and has the risk of serious health problems.

In order to eliminate such problems, a protective laminated fabric made of an adsorbent material such as activated carbon and air permeability is disclosed. These fabrics are breathable, so they can effectively release sweat and water vapor radiated from the body to the outside of the clothing and suppress thermal stress. On the other hand, breathable fabrics, knitted fabrics, etc. Because most of them are composed of, it is not possible to obtain complete protection against aerosols such as liquid harmful chemicals, harmful fine dust, bacteria and viruses.

Also disclosed is a protective material having selective permeability due to a cellulose-based polymer. Although such a polymer has a permeation suppressing ability and a moisture permeation performance for gaseous organic chemicals, a protective material made of the polymer alone cannot completely suppress the permeation of gaseous organic chemicals, and the permeation amount is small. Therefore, when the thickness of the selectively permeable layer is increased, the moisture permeability becomes lower and the material becomes harder and heavier. Also, once gas permeation occurs due to polymer deterioration such as wear and scratches caused by the use of protective clothing, there is a risk that the gas concentration in the clothing suddenly increases. In addition, in the state of wearing protective clothing, if harmful chemical substances intrude from joints or fasteners such as cuffs, hems, and necks, there is no means for secondary removal of them, and the wearer cannot be protected. .
Japanese National Patent Publication No. 11-505775

Further, a protective material obtained by coating polyalkyleneimine or polyallylamine on a moisture-permeable substrate is disclosed. It is described that another adsorbing material such as activated carbon is fixed by an adhesive. However, in general fixing of the adsorbing material with an adhesive, the adsorbing material adsorbs a component that deteriorates the gas adsorbability contained in the adhesive, or the pores are covered with the adhesive, There is a problem that the adsorption capacity decreases.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-504580

The present invention was made in the background of the problems of the prior art, has a high moisture permeability by the moisture permeable membrane layer, and has high protection against aerosols such as liquid harmful chemical substances, harmful fine dust, bacteria and viruses. In addition to being capable of adsorbing and removing gaseous organic chemicals with a gas adsorption layer, lightweight protective materials and clothing that are lightweight, flexible, and moisture permeable to suppress thermal stress on the wearer

It is to provide.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has been completed as a result of intensive studies. That is, the present invention is (1) a protective material having at least one moisture-permeable membrane layer containing polyurethane and at least one layer containing a gas-adsorbing substance (gas-adsorbing layer). (2) The moisture permeability of the moisture permeable membrane layer is 60 g / m ² · h to 850 g / m ² · h. The protective material according to (1), characterized in that (3) the mass of the moisture permeable membrane layer is 200 g / m ² or less, and the protective material according to either (1) or (2), 4) The protective material according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the mass of the gas adsorption layer is 200 g / m ² or less, and (5) the gas adsorption layer has a BET specific surface area of 700 m ² / g or more. wherein the 3000m is ² / g or less of active carbon The protective material according to any one of (1) to (4), (6) the protective material according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the gas adsorption layer is fibrous activated carbon, (7 The protective material according to any one of (1) to (6), and the protective material according to any one of (8) (1) to (7), wherein an outer layer additional layer and / or an inner layer additional layer are provided. It is protective clothing characterized by using.

  The protective material according to the present invention is a protective material and a protective garment characterized by having a moisture permeable membrane layer and a gas adsorbing layer, and the moisture permeable membrane layer is disposed outside the gas adsorbing layer for a long time. In addition to being usable, it has the effect of suppressing heat stress due to its lightweight, flexible and advanced moisture permeability. Furthermore, because non-porous or microporous film or coating is used as the moisture permeable membrane layer, excellent protection against liquid harmful chemical substances, harmful fine dust, bacteria, viruses and other aerosols can be obtained. There is an advantage that high gas adsorption performance can be obtained by using activated carbon as the gas adsorption layer.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The protective material according to the present invention preferably includes at least one moisture permeable membrane layer having a moisture permeability of 60 g / m ² · h to 850 g / m ² · h. This is because if the moisture permeability of the moisture permeable membrane layer is 60 g / m ² · h or less, sweat / steam emitted from the wearer cannot be effectively released to the outside, and if it exceeds 850 g / m ² · h, there is a problem in durability. . More preferably, it is 100 g / m ² · h or more and 750 g / m ² · h or less.

The base resin for forming the moisture permeable membrane layer of the protective garment according to the present invention is a resin that can form a microporous membrane with a known urethane resin, but other resins include silicon, polyacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide , Polyamideimide, polyurethane, polyester, copolymerized polyester, polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, cellulose derivative and other polymers having film-forming properties, and materials having moisture permeability after film formation may be used. .

The polymer forming the moisture permeable membrane layer is formed by forming a fine fiber nonwoven fabric by a method of once forming a film of the polymer alone by a casting method, an extrusion method, an injection molding method or the like, a melt blown method, a flash spinning method, an electrospinning method, etc. And a method of coating or dipping the polymer solution or low polymer on the substrate, followed by drying or polymerization and solidification.

These materials may be used alone, mixed, or sequentially coated and laminated to form a film. In addition, other additives such as titanium oxide and silica may be added to the resin layer.

The thickness of the moisture permeable membrane layer used in the present invention is preferably 3 μm or more and 100 μm or less. If it is 3 μm or less, sufficient strength cannot be obtained, and problems such as pinholes and cracks occur. On the other hand, if it exceeds 100 μm, the moisture permeability is lowered and the material becomes hard and is not suitable for a clothing material. More preferably, they are 5 micrometers or more and 70 micrometers or less.

The mass of the moisture permeable membrane layer is preferably 200 g / m ² or less. This is because within this range, it is possible to obtain a lightweight protective material that is the object of the present invention. More preferably, it is 150 g / m ² or less.

The moisture permeable film layer may be used alone by forming a film, but may be combined with a substrate having moisture permeability for reinforcement or protection of the film. In order to make the protective material lightweight and flexible while maintaining the strength, the thickness of the base material is preferably 0.05 mm or more and 0.50 mm or less. As the substrate, a sheet-like fiber aggregate or a moisture-permeable microporous or nonporous film or membrane can be used.

Sheet fiber aggregates include natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, hair, and silk, regenerated fibers such as rayon, polynosic, cupra, and lyocell, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate and triacetate, nylon, aramid, vinylon, vinylidene, and polychlorinated Examples thereof include woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics made of synthetic fibers such as vinyl, polyester, acrylic, acrylic, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyclar, polyarylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polybenzazole, polyimide, and polyphenylene sulfide. These fibers may be used alone or in combination by blending, union, union, etc. to form a sheet-like fiber assembly. Examples of the microporous or nonporous film or membrane having moisture permeability include sheet-like materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, copolymerized polyester, polyurethane, polyether polyurethane, and acrylate.

When a moisture permeable membrane layer is combined with a base material to form a protective material, it can be laminated by a laminating method and a coating method while preventing deterioration of moisture permeability and maintaining the flexibility of the material. In the laminating method, when the moisture permeable membrane layer and the substrate are bonded with a polyurethane or acrylate emulsion, or when a part of the moisture permeable membrane layer or the substrate is welded or fused, the entire surface is not bonded. It is preferable that the dots are partially bonded. It is also possible to perform heat bonding through a low-weight nonwoven fabric, a net-like body, or a powder made of low-melting copolymer polyester, polyamide, or polyolefin.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned base material may be subjected to post-processing such as water / oil repellent processing, flame retardant processing and the like. Examples of the water repellent include, but are not limited to, fluorine, polysiloxane, and paraffin.

The gaseous organic chemical substance referred to in the present invention is a gaseous compound having one or more carbon elements. It is a gaseous chemical substance having a relatively large molecular weight of 50 or more and capable of adsorbing a gas adsorbing substance such as activated carbon. For example, organic phosphorus compounds used for agricultural chemicals, insecticides and herbicides, and general organic solvents such as toluene, methylene chloride and chloroform used for painting work and the like can be mentioned.

Examples of the gas adsorbing substance used in the present invention include carbon-based adsorbents such as activated carbon and carbon black, or adsorbed substances targeted from inorganic adsorbents such as silica gel, zeolite-based adsorbent, silicon carbide, and activated alumina. Can be selected as appropriate. Among them, activated carbon capable of dealing with a wide range of gases is preferable, and fibrous activated carbon is more preferable because it has a large adsorption rate and adsorption capacity and can effectively prevent permeation when used in a small amount.

The BET specific surface area of the activated carbon is preferably 700 m ² / g or more and 3000 m ² / g or less, and more preferably 1000 m ² / g or more and 2500 m ² / g or less in order to obtain a sufficient permeation suppressing ability with a small amount of use. If the BET specific surface area is less than 700 m ² / g, a large amount of activated carbon is required to obtain sufficient protection, and the protective material becomes heavy. On the other hand, when it exceeds 3000 m ² / g, there arises a problem of desorbing the adsorbed gaseous organic chemical substance.

The mass of the activated carbon is preferably 20 g / m ² or more and 200 g / m ² or less. When it is less than 20 g / m ² , the capacity that can be adsorbed becomes small, and the use time is limited. On the other hand, if it exceeds 200 g / m ² , the protective material becomes heavy and causes heat stress. Still more preferably 30 g / m ² or more 150 g / m ² or less.

The method of using fibrous activated carbon to obtain effective permeation suppression ability with a small amount of use is an effective means, but as the raw material of fibrous activated carbon to be used, natural cellulose fibers such as cotton and hemp Other examples include regenerated cellulose fibers such as rayon, polynosic, solvent spinning, and synthetic fibers such as polyvinyl alcohol fibers, acrylic fibers, aromatic polyamide fibers, lignin fibers, phenol fibers, and petroleum pitch fibers. From the physical properties (strength etc.) and adsorption performance of the fibrous activated carbon obtained, regenerated cellulose fibers, phenolic fibers and acrylic fibers are preferred. After weaving, knitting, and nonwoven fabrics using these short fibers or long fibers of the raw fibers, if necessary containing a suitable flameproofing agent, flameproofing treatment is performed at a temperature of 450 ° C. or less, Subsequently, fibrous activated carbon can be manufactured by the method of activating carbonization at the temperature of 500 degreeC or more and 1000 degrees C or less.

As a method for forming fibrous activated carbon into a sheet, a method of adhering a gas adsorbing substance to a sheet substrate with a binder, or a method of making an adsorbent into a slurry including an appropriate pulp and binder, and making a paper with a wet paper machine, or The adsorbent sheet can be obtained by a method in which raw material fibers of activated carbon fibers are woven, knitted, or non-woven in advance and subjected to a flame resistance treatment as necessary, followed by carbonization and activation.

Therefore, the form of the fibrous activated carbon sheet includes woven, knitted, non-woven, felt, paper, film, etc., but the workability when wearing protective clothing, fit to the body, flexibility From the viewpoint of easy lamination, a woven or knitted shape is preferable.

The following methods can be used as a means for laminating the moisture permeable membrane layer and the gas adsorption layer. As a first method, a sheet-like, granular, or powdery gas-adsorbing substance is bonded to the moisture permeable membrane layer with an adhesive. The second method includes a method in which either a moisture permeable membrane layer or a gas adsorption layer is prepared in advance and then the other is coated or dipped. In the third method, it is possible to sew without bonding and to make the shape of the flash, and it is preferable to make the shape of the flash because the adsorption capacity of the gas adsorption layer is not lowered.

Examples of the adhesive used in the first method described above include urethane-based, vinyl alcohol-based, ester-based, epoxy-based, vinyl chloride-based, olefin-based, etc., but in order to suppress a decrease in moisture permeability due to lamination. Urethane type, vinyl alcohol type and ester type which are moisture permeable adhesives are preferable.

The melt index of the adhesive to be used is preferably 100 g / 10 min or less. This is because by setting the adhesive strength to 100 g / 10 min or less, the area where the adhesive covers the surface of the gas adsorbing substance is reduced, and the deterioration of gas adsorbing performance due to lamination can be suppressed. More preferably, it is 80 g / 10 min or less.

  The adhesive used in the present invention is preferably non-woven. Since uniform application is difficult if particles are used, adsorbents cannot be fixed when adhered in small amounts, become hard when used in large amounts, and further reduce adsorption performance. Moreover, if it is a film, air permeability will fall.

The number of layers of the moisture permeable membrane layer and the gas adsorbing layer must be at least one each. However, in consideration of the purpose of increasing flexibility and the target gas, when a plurality of moisture permeable membrane layers and gas are necessary, It is also an effective means to select the necessary number of adsorbing layers and use them in a superimposed manner.

  As the stacking order of the moisture permeable membrane layer and the gas adsorption layer, it is preferable that there is at least one moisture permeable membrane layer outside the gas adsorption layer as viewed from the inside of the clothes in order to protect the gas adsorption layer. Further, when a plurality of moisture permeable membrane layers are used, the gas adsorption layer may be sandwiched between the moisture permeable membrane layers in order to protect the gas adsorption layer.

The mass of the laminated body composed of the moisture permeable membrane layer and the gas adsorption layer is preferably 400 g / m ² or less. This is because if it exceeds 400 g / m ² , the load on the wearer becomes large, and sweat and vapor emitted from the body cannot be treated only by moisture permeability. More preferably, it is 300 g / m ² or less.

For liquid organic chemicals entering from the outside, it is an effective means to sandwich a liquid-resistant non-woven fabric and oil-absorbing paper between the moisture permeable membrane layer and the gas adsorbing layer.
The material of the non-woven fabric to be used is not particularly limited, such as polyolefin, polyester, polylactic acid, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, etc. It may be used by being sandwiched between the layer and the gas adsorption layer.

As shown in FIG. 1, an outer layer additional layer may be provided on the outermost side of the laminated material composed of the moisture permeable membrane layer and the gas adsorption layer. The purpose of the outer layer additional layer is to protect the permselective layer and the gas adsorbing layer from the mechanical force given from the outside, to supplement the mechanical strength, and to provide the fabric with water repellency and oil repellency, A knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric is preferred.
As an outer layer additional layer, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a nonwoven fabric having a water repellency of 4 or more when the 6.2 spray test described in JIS L 1092 is performed and an oil repellency of AATCC Test Method 118 of 4 or more. Can be preferably used, but it is recommended to use one that is flexible.
The laminated material consisting of the permselective layer and the gas adsorbing layer and the outer layer additional layer may be pre-adhered with an adhesive, or may be sewn in a state of being superposed without bonding, considering flexibility, You may make clothes.

As shown in FIG. 1, an inner layer additional layer may be provided on the innermost side of the laminated material composed of the moisture permeable membrane layer and the gas adsorption layer. Examples of the inner layer additional layer include materials such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a nonwoven fabric, and an apertured film, but a woven fabric or a knitted fabric woven or knitted at a coarse density is preferable in terms of moisture permeability and flexibility. The purpose of the inner layer additional layer is to protect the gas adsorbing substance and the moisture permeable membrane layer from mechanical force applied from the outside, and to suppress the sticky feeling of the protective clothing wearer due to sweat.

Laminating the inner layer additional layer and the gas adsorbing layer in advance by quilting is an effective means for suppressing the deterioration of the performance of the gas adsorbing layer due to the lamination and obtaining a more flexible laminated material. A protective material can be obtained by laminating the inner layer additional layer and the gas adsorbing layer in advance by quilting and then laminating the moisture permeable membrane layer with an adhesive.

The mass of the laminate provided with the outer layer addition layer and / or the inner layer addition layer is preferably 500 g / m ² or less, more preferably 450 g / m ² or less. If it exceeds 500 g / m ² , the mass of protective clothing will increase and cause heat stress.

  EXAMPLES Next, although this invention is demonstrated concretely using an Example and a comparative example, this invention is not restrict | limited by these Examples. The evaluation described in the examples is based on the method described below.

Gas permeability test: Fig. 3 shows the container used for the test. The test sample is sandwiched between two glass cells with an internal volume of 350 cc, and the periphery is sealed with paraffin. From the upper cell of this test container, 20 μL of 3-methoxybutyl acetate is dropped onto the test product. This is put in a constant temperature box set at 25 ± 2 ° C., the gas concentration on the lower cell side is sampled at regular intervals, and the gas concentration permeated through the test piece is measured by gas chromatography.

  Moisture permeability: compliant with JIS L 1099 calcium chloride method.

  Specific surface area: An adsorption isotherm of nitrogen is obtained and calculated by the BET method based on this.

  Mass: According to JIS L 1018 8.4 and JIS L 1096 8.4.

  Thickness: According to JIS L 1018 8.5 and JIS L 1096 8.5.

  Melt index: According to JIS K 7210.

  Breathability: According to JIS L 1018 8.33 and JIS L 1096 8.27.

  Bending resistance: According to JIS L 1096 8.19.

  A feeling of wear: Heart rate, blood pressure, skin temperature, rectum after walking on a treadmill at a speed of 5 km / hr for 10 minutes in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 32 ° C and 70% RH while wearing a one-piece type protective clothing Comprehensive evaluation from measurement of temperature, temperature and humidity in clothes, and questionnaire survey.

As the moisture permeable membrane layer, Aquavent manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., which is a waterproof moisture permeable fabric in which polyurethane is coated on nylon fabric, was purchased and used. The nylon fabric used was a plain fabric composed of 78 decitex 96 filaments with a mass of 60 g / m ² smelted by a conventional method, dyed, treated with water repellency, dried, and then coated with a urethane resin solution using a coater. This was introduced into water at 20 ° C., solidified for 3 minutes, and then dried in an oven at 130 ° C. to obtain a microporous film having a resin layer thickness of 50 μm. The obtained moisture permeable membrane layer had a thickness of 0.22 mm, a mass of 110 g / m ² , and a moisture permeability of 418 g / m ² · h.

A fibrous activated carbon knitted fabric was produced as a gas adsorption layer by the following method. A milled knitted fabric with a mass of 200 g / m ² consisting of spun yarn of 2.2 decitex, 20th single yarn, was heated in an inert atmosphere at 410 ° C for 30 minutes, then to 870 ° C for 20 minutes in an inert atmosphere Then, carbonization was advanced by heating at 870 ° C., and then activated at a temperature of 870 ° C. for 2 hours in an atmosphere containing 12% by volume of water vapor. Mass of the resulting knitted fabric-like fibrous activated carbon, 120g / m ^2, specific surface area 1400 m ² / g, a thickness of 1.00 mm, air permeability at a pressure difference of the water level gauge 1.27cm 320cm ³ / cm ² · s met It was.

The outer layer additional layer was produced by the following method. Fluorine-based water and oil repellent treatment was applied to a plain woven fabric using 40 yarns of cotton yarn, and 0.54 wt% of resin solids adhered. The resulting woven fabric has a thickness of 0.22 mm, a mass of 120 g / m ² , a bending resistance of 0.56 gf · cm, a breathability of 50 cm ³ / cm ² · s with a water level gauge of 1.27 cm, and a water repellency of 5 The oil repellency was grade 6.

The inner layer additional layer was produced by the following method. Polyester filaments (33 dtex, 18 filaments) were knitted with a 2-0 / 1-3 structure by a half tricot machine, scoured by a conventional method, and further dyed with a disperse dye. The knitted fabric thus obtained has a thickness of 0.20 mm, a mass of 45 g / m ² , a breathability of 700 cm ³ / cm ² · s with a water level gauge of 1.27 cm, a water repellency of 5, an oil repellency of 6 It was a grade.

(Example 1)
After quilted the inner additional layer and gas adsorption layer, the mass 20 g / m ^2, melt index
Fig. 2 shows an integrated product of a moisture permeable membrane layer, a quilted inner layer additional layer, and a gas adsorption layer using a breathable non-woven hot melt adhesive (Kureha Tech Co., Ltd.) of 60g / 10min. Glued. Finally, the outer layer additional layer was laminated by point adhesion using a hot melt type urethane adhesive. The obtained protective material had a mass of 427 g / m ² , a thickness of 1.83 mm, and a moisture permeability of 364 g / m ² · h. Table 1 shows the gas permeability test results using this protective material. The wearing feeling is shown in Table 2.

Reference example 1
A protective material excluding the gas adsorption layer in Example 1 was produced. The obtained protective material had a mass of 275 g / m ² , a thickness of 0.72 mm, and a moisture permeability of 403 g / m ² · h. Table 1 shows the gas permeability test results using this protective material. The wearing feeling is shown in Table 2.

Reference example 2
The moisture permeable membrane layer and the gas adsorption layer were point-bonded with a moisture permeable urethane resin having a melt index of 120 g / 10 min. The mass was 262 g / m ² , the thickness was 1.87 mm, and the water vapor transmission rate was 365 g / m ² · h. Table 1 shows the gas permeability test results using this protective material. The wearing feeling is shown in Table 2.

  Example 1 is a protective material excellent in gas permeation suppressing ability and wearing feeling, whereas Reference Example 1 does not provide gas protective properties, and Reference Example 2 has a trace amount due to a decrease in the adsorption capacity of activated carbon. As a result, the gas permeation could not be suppressed.

  The protective material and protective clothing of the present invention relate to a protective material that can protect gaseous organic chemicals by combining a moisture permeable membrane layer and a gas adsorbing layer, and also has a high moisture permeability and is excellent in wearing feeling. It can be used for protective clothing, agricultural materials, protective tents, medical supplies, etc., and contributes greatly to the industry.

It is a perspective view which shows the protective material made into the laminated body of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the protective material made into the laminated body of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the test container used for a gas-permeability test method.

Explanation of symbols

1: Outer layer additional layer 2: Moisture permeable membrane layer 3: Gas adsorption layer 4: Inner layer additional layer 5: Breathable non-woven hot melt adhesive 6: Quilting 7: Upper cell (150cc)
8: Sampling port 9: Test solution 10: Test product 11: Paraffin sealing 12: Lower cell (150cc)

Claims (8)

  A protective material having at least one moisture-permeable membrane layer containing polyurethane and a layer containing a gas-adsorbing substance (gas-adsorbing layer), wherein the laminate of the moisture-permeable membrane layer and other layers has a melt index of 100 g / 10 min. Protective material laminated with the following adhesives. The protective material according to claim 1, wherein the moisture permeable membrane layer has a moisture permeability of 60 g / m ² · h to 850 g / m ² · h. The protective material according to claim 1, wherein the moisture permeable membrane layer has a mass of 200 g / m ² or less. The protective material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mass of the gas adsorption layer is 200 g / m ² or less. The protective material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas adsorption layer is activated carbon having a BET specific surface area of 700 m ² / g or more and 3000 m ² / g or less.   6. The protective material according to claim 1, wherein the gas adsorption layer is fibrous activated carbon. The protective material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an outer layer additional layer and / or an inner layer additional layer.   A protective garment comprising the protective material according to claim 1.