JP2006513396A - Infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system (burning and melting system) - Google Patents

Abstract

The infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to the present invention includes a waste inlet into which infectious waste is introduced, and the infectious waste is introduced through the waste inlet to a certain amount or more. An incinerator for incinerating this using brown gas, a melting furnace for injecting combustion residues discharged in the incinerator together with glass and melting it using brown gas, and the incineration When a gas generated in a furnace and a melting furnace flows in and the combustion chamber burns the gas again using Brownian gas, and the harmful component is equal to or higher than a reference value by analyzing the gas burned in the combustion chamber A gas analysis furnace for re-introducing this in the incinerator, an electric dust collector and chlorine for analyzing the gas burned in the combustion chamber and removing harmful dust discharged outside when the harmful components are less than the reference value Remove It includes a gas outlet equipped with a wet scrubber.

Description

The present invention relates to an infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system, and in particular, an infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing in which infectious waste is sterilized and crushed and removed directly. It is about the system.

Infectious waste refers to substances that can cause harm to the human body discharged from human body tissue, such as extracts, absorbent cotton and other medical institutions, and testing and inspection institutions. A typical example is hospital waste, which is different from general household waste, and is mostly waste such as carcasses of animals, blood sampling ampules, urine ampoules, various injection bottles, syringes, bandages and gauze.
In the past, the infectious waste transported in hospitals, etc. is collected and transported by a dedicated transport vehicle in a sealed container and sealed and packaged, and generally put into an incinerator after passing through sterilization and crushing processes. The residue was buried by incineration with a burner while blowing air.

However, if infectious waste such as the hospital waste is incinerated in a general incinerator, toxic substances such as dioxins are generated, and toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides are generated and are not incinerated. There were many worries about secondary pollution.
In order to reduce the dioxin, there is a method in which it is burned at a high temperature and rapidly frozen, but if air is burned at a high temperature of 950 ° C. or higher, nitrogen in the air reacts with oxygen to produce nitrogen oxides. A lot of cost is required to remove nitrogen oxides.
On the other hand, solids left unincinerated, that is, combustion residues, have been reclaimed in landfills until now, but the actual situation is that the possibility of containing harmful substances is large and it is difficult to reclaim them unnecessarily.

  In order to overcome the above-described problems, in the conventional case, the combustion residue of the infectious waste is melted through a predetermined melting device to form a slag. When the combustion residue of the infectious waste is melted and treated with the slag in this way, the metal components and dioxins inside the combustion residue are vitrified, and the room for generating environmental pollution of the combustion residue is removed. It is.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for infectious waste treatment by a conventional incinerator and melting apparatus.
The infectious waste treatment by the conventional incinerator and melting apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
If infectious waste (1) such as animal carcasses, blood collection ampules, urine ampoules, various injection bottles, syringes, bandages, gauze, etc. is collected, it must be collected before being put into the incinerator. First, a crushing process is performed in order to increase the efficiency of incineration, and a sterilization process is performed on the infectious waste before the crushing process.

Next, infectious waste that has undergone the sterilization and crushing steps is put into the incinerator (2), and the waste (1) and the like put into the incinerator (2) is incinerated through the incinerator (3). However, generally, the temperature inside the incinerator (3) is about 850 ° C to 900 ° C.
Not because all such waste (1) is incinerated through the incinerator (3), it is not completely burned and disappears, but unburned when the waste (1) etc. is incinerated. Hazardous substances such as components or combustion products will act as a polluting factor.
That is, the incinerator (3) is absolutely required to limit the release of harmful gases and dust to the atmosphere in order to prevent air pollution and the like.
Further, here, the combustion products for the infectious waste are referred to as bottom ash (bottom ash) (6) and fly ash (5). 7) Say.

However, since such a combustion residue (7) is also a substance that induces environmental pollution, the combustion residue (7) discharged from the incinerator (3) is also required to have a certain treatment.
That is, the bottom ash (6) removes iron having a high melting point through crushing and magnetic separation as a pretreatment for wet ash recovered through a water sealing process and dry ash recovered in a dry state, respectively. And after that, the wet ash passes through a dryer and is mixed with the dry ash to form main ash.

On the other hand, the fly ash (5) is collected by a dust collector (not shown) such as a Berg filter through which the exhaust gas (4) discharged from the incinerator (3) passes through the atmosphere.
Since the fly ash (5) contains a large amount of heavy metals and salts having a low boiling point, when heat-treated at a high temperature, most of the contents are volatilized in the gas, but the salts are There is a problem of damaging the refractory of the furnace. Therefore, there are few cases where the fly ash (5) is melted alone, and usually the mixed melting of the main ash and the fly ash (5) is used.

The combustion residue (7) formed through such pretreatment is melted through the melting device (8) to be made into slag (9).
If the combustion residue (7) is melted and treated with the slag (9) in this way, the metal components and the like inside the combustion residue (7) are removed, and the surface is coated with a glass film. The room for the environmental pollution of the object (7) will be removed.
The ash melting and solidification uses a burner type ash melting furnace that heats and melts the ash surface and discharges the molten ash as slag (9), and the corresponding burner type ash melting furnace has a prototype rotary type. There are a surface melting furnace and an inclined reflection furnace type fixed surface melting furnace.

  In addition, a melting apparatus (8) using heating by plasma has been used in the past. The melting furnace is equipped with a plasma torch, and the incinerated ash (7) and the like are melted by a plasma arc irradiated from the tip of the plasma torch.

  However, in the conventional treatment of infectious waste as described above, incineration is performed after passing through a sterilization and crushing process before incineration, but environmental pollution is induced in the sterilization and crushing process of the infectious waste. In addition, there is a disadvantage in that the treatment of harmful gas generated here is incomplete in the case of incineration and melting after the sterilization and crushing processes.

  Also, if waste is incinerated and melted by the conventional incinerator and melting device, it must be composed of separate devices, so that the combustion residue discharged by the incinerator is passed through a certain transporting means. In order to carry high-temperature combustion debris exceeding 400 ° C in this case, a water-sealing process is required to cool it, and the water-sealing process inevitably requires waste water. There is a disadvantage that environmental pollution such as bad smell occurs.

  In the incineration and melting process of infectious waste, the sterilization and crushing steps are removed, and the infectious waste is directly incinerated and melted using brown gas, or generated by the incineration and melting. It is an object of the present invention to provide an infectious waste incineration / melting integrated treatment system that purifies the harmful gas generated by burning while continuously circulating inside the incineration and melting treatment system.

  To achieve the above object, the infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to the present invention includes a waste inlet into which infectious waste is introduced; and the infectious waste is introduced through the waste inlet. Incinerators that incinerate using a brown gas if a certain amount or more flows in; the combustion residue discharged in the incinerator flows in with the glass and melts it using the brown gas A melting chamber; a combustion chamber in which the gas generated in the incinerator and the melting furnace is introduced and the gas is burned again by using Brown gas; and a harmful component is analyzed by analyzing the gas burned in the combustion chamber. A gas analysis furnace that re-injects the gas in the incinerator if it is above a reference value; and analysis of the gas burned in the combustion chamber; Electric dust collector to remove Wherein the wet scrubber for removing chlorine include equipped gas discharge port.

  Here, the incinerator includes a rotary incinerator that incinerates the infectious waste that is introduced while the entire incinerator rotates, and an auxiliary incinerator that incinerates the waste incinerated again in the rotary incinerator. It is characterized by being included.

  In addition, the rotary incinerator is provided with means for moving only a certain amount or less of the waste to the auxiliary incinerator according to the volume of the waste to be incinerated. Is also provided with means for discharging only combustion residue of a predetermined size or less.

  The combustion residue discharged in the auxiliary incinerator may flow into the melting furnace through a screw conveyor.

  Further, infectious waste to be introduced into the waste inlet is not subjected to sterilization and crushing processes, and the gas generated in the incinerator is directly between the incinerator and the melting furnace. It is characterized in that a gas charging furnace to be introduced is further formed.

  The lower portion of the melting furnace is formed with an outlet for discharging slag formed by melting the combustion residue and glass.

The melting furnace and the combustion chamber are each provided with one or more burners using brown gas, and the combustion chamber is provided with one or more containers filled with glass. It is characterized by.

As described above, according to the infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to the present invention, after infectious waste is incinerated, they are immediately melted and generated by incineration of the infectious waste. By continuously circulating harmful gas until it is completely burned, infectious waste can be treated hygienically and effectively, and odors and harmful components such as dioxin can be removed at a high temperature of 1300 ℃ or higher. Thus, no foul odors or harmful gases are emitted and environmental pollution is reduced. In the following, detailed examples to which the concept of the present invention is applied will be introduced.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 illustrates an infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 2, an infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a waste inlet (11) into which the infectious waste (10) is introduced, and the waste. Combustion discharged from the incinerator (14, 14 ') and the incinerator (14, 14') to incinerate the infectious waste through the input port (11) and incinerate if it flows over a certain amount The residue is introduced together with the glass and melted using brown gas, and the gas generated in the incinerator (14, 14 ') and the melting furnace (20) is introduced. A combustion chamber (22) for recombusting the gas using brown gas, and analyzing the gas combusted in the combustion chamber (22), and if the harmful component exceeds a reference value, the combustion chamber (22) (14) Analyzing the gas burned in the gas analysis furnace (24) and the combustion chamber (22), and if harmful components are less than the reference value, Gas outlet (25) contains configured to output.

Here, the infectious waste (10) to be introduced into the waste input port (11) is not subjected to sterilization and crushing processes, and the infectious waste (10) is finally put in a dedicated container in a hospital or the like. Then, the waste is introduced into the waste inlet (11) in the initial state of being packaged and transported.
In the conventional case, in order to increase the efficiency of incineration, a process of sterilizing and crushing the infectious waste (10) was performed prior to the incineration of the infectious waste (10). At this time, environmental pollution may be induced in the process. In the present invention, the above process is removed and the incineration process through the incinerator is advanced immediately.

  According to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste input port (11) includes a lifter (12) for transporting the box itself carrying the infectious waste (10), and the transporter (12). The infectious waste transported by) is fed into the incinerator (feeder) (13).

  The infectious waste (10) is initially transported through the waste input port (11), that is, charged into the incinerator (14, 14 ') in a state sealed in a dedicated container, If the infectious waste (10) charged into the incinerator (14, 14 ') reaches a certain amount, it is incinerated.

Here, the incinerator (14, 14 ′) is a rotary incinerator (14) that incinerates the infectious waste that is input while the entire incinerator rotates, and incineration in the rotary incinerator (14). It consists of an auxiliary incinerator (14 ') that incinerates the waste generated again.
That is, infectious waste transported through the waste input port (11) is first incinerated first in the rotary incinerator (14), and the volume of the infectious waste is reduced to a certain level or less. In some cases, it is moved to the auxiliary incinerator (14 ') and incinerated again.

In addition, as described above, the infectious waste (10) is not subjected to a crushing process in the rotary incinerator (14), that is, the first sealed and packaged in a dedicated container in a hospital or the like. After injecting into the state itself and injecting an amount of medically infectious waste, which is generally 2/3 of the inside of the rotary incinerator (14), primary incineration is established.
That is, if 2/3 rank infectious waste is put into the rotary incinerator (14), the rotary incinerator (14) rotates after being ignited by a brown gas burner (not shown) or the like. The infectious waste is incinerated.

  The rotary incinerator (14) has means (29) for moving only the waste of a certain size or less to the auxiliary incinerator (14 ′) due to the volume of waste to be incinerated. In addition, a means (29 ′) is provided in the lower part of the auxiliary incinerator (14 ′) so as to discharge only combustion residue of a predetermined size or less.

  This is because the waste that is put into the incinerator (14, 14 ') is directly put into the incinerator (14, 14') without going through the crushing process, so that the incinerated waste that is bulky, that is, the combustion residue immediately flows into the melting furnace. This is to prevent this.

  At this time, the means (29) for moving only the waste of a certain size or less provided in the rotary incinerator (14) to the auxiliary incinerator (14 ') has a pattern like a web. The incinerator (14 ') has a high temperature inside the incinerator by freezing the inside of the structure with a water-cooled type and treating the outer wall with a ceramic coating. In addition to being able to withstand, corrosion by corrosive gases is prevented.

  Since the rotary incinerator (14) is inclined at a predetermined angle, when the waste is rotated and incinerated, the rotary incinerator (14) moves to the lower part due to gravity, and the rotary incinerator (14) has a lower end inside the rotary incinerator (14). Due to the formed web pattern, only waste that is less than a certain volume, that is, the waste that can pass through the space between the web forms, may be moved to the auxiliary incinerator (14 ′). It can be done.

  Further, in the case of means (29 ′) provided at the lower part of the auxiliary incinerator (14 ′) for discharging only combustion residue of a predetermined size or less, the inside of the rotary incinerator (14) The structure of the spider web is equal to the structure of the spider web, and there is a difference that the space between the spider web forms is narrower. This is to make the discharge smaller.

  Here, the structure of the spider web pattern is only one example. Therefore, the structure is not necessarily limited to this example, and the incinerated waste and the combustion debris having a predetermined size or less may be permeated. This is the structure that can be achieved.

  The infectious waste incinerated by the rotary incinerator (14) and the auxiliary incinerator (14 ') is not completely burned through the incinerator (14, 14') but is melted after this. Through the processes in the passage (20) and the combustion chamber (22), the gas finally discharged to the outside is circulated and burned until it falls below the emission standard.

  A gas charging furnace (15) is provided above the rotary incinerator (14) so that the gas generated in the incinerator (14, 14 ') flows directly into the melting furnace (20). Is formed.

This is to completely burn harmful gases such as dioxins generated by the infectious waste incinerated in the incinerator (14, 14 '), and through the gas input furnace (15) the incinerator (14, 14'). The gas generated in 14 ′) flows into the melting furnace (20) and is burned at a higher temperature in the incinerator (14, 14 ′).
At this time, the gas generated in the dehumidifier (17) and the incinerator (14, 14 ′) for removing moisture from the gas is discharged into the melting furnace (20) in the gas charging furnace (15). There is a fan (18) that operates on the flame, and the part connected to the melting furnace (20) prevents backfire of the flame ignited by Brown gas. An additional machine (19) is installed.

  In addition, the incinerator (14, 14 ') has an air supply device (16) for supplying air to the incinerator (14, 14') when necessary for incineration of the infectious waste. However, this is the case when the ignition means of the incinerator (14, 14 ') is an oxygen gas burner.

  In this way, if the infectious waste is incinerated in the incinerator (14, 14 '), combustion residue is generated, which is put into the melting furnace (20) together with glass. It becomes slag.

  The combustion residue is discharged through the lower end portion of the auxiliary incinerator (14 ′), and the discharged combustion residue is transported by a moving means such as a screw conveyor (28) and eventually together with the glass. To the melting furnace (20).

  The screw conveyor (28) is widely used to transfer particulate matter and non-abrasive material when the transfer distance is not so long or the transfer path is not so steep and the required transfer amount is appropriate.

  It is more competitive in price than other types of conveyors and can be attached with a simple lid to prevent contamination of the transferred material from dust, and if the transferred material is not large compared to the screw diameter and pitch. It can also be used effectively for transferring small chunks of material.

  One side of the melting furnace (20) is provided with a burner (not shown) using one or more brown gases. Such a burner using Brown gas has an implosion function, unlike explosion, which is an existing combustion method, and can produce a high temperature of 1300 ° C or higher.

  This is because the Brown gas has a unique property that induces an Implosion phenomenon during combustion, unlike ordinary gases, so it does not show an explosion phenomenon during combustion, but rather a flame gathers inside. This is because the focus is formed and the periphery is evacuated.

  As a result, if Brown gas is burned, tungsten having the highest melting point can be obtained at an extremely high temperature that can sublimate, and heat rays are not released to the outside, so there is no energy loss due to radiant heat. Since it has excellent energy efficiency and contains oxygen, it does not require a separate oxygen supply during combustion, and only water is produced as a combustion product, so there is no pollution problem.

  In this way, the combustion residue and glass charged into the melting furnace (20) are melted, and if the combustion residue is melted and slag treated, the metal components inside the combustion residue and Since dioxins and the like are vitrified, there is no room for environmental pollution due to the combustion residue. Such slag is discharged to the outside through an outlet (21) formed in the lower part of the melting furnace (20).

  Further, the gas generated in the incinerator (14, 14 ′) by the gas charging furnace (15) flows into the melting furnace (20), which is burned at a high temperature in the melting furnace (20). The Through this, harmful gases such as dioxins generated in the incinerator (14, 14 ') are primarily removed.

However, since the harmful gas is difficult to be completely removed only by combustion in the melting furnace (20), the present invention is provided with a combustion chamber (22) in which the harmful gas is burned again at an ultrahigh temperature.
The combustion chamber (22) is connected to the melting furnace (20), and a burner (not shown) using one or more brown gases is provided on one side of the combustion chamber (22). . Such a burner using Brown gas can induce an ultra-high temperature as described above.

  The combustion chamber (22) includes one or more containers (not shown) filled with glass. This not only raises the temperature inside the combustion chamber (22) by the burner using the Brown gas, but the glass can be melted by the ultra-high temperature inside the combustion chamber (22), and accordingly the glass is melted. This is because the temperature inside the combustion chamber (22) is further increased by the heat generated in the glass.

  In this way, the gas generated in the incinerator (14, 14 ') and the melting furnace (20) through the combustion chamber (22) is burned again to reduce its harmful components, and the combustion chamber (22) The gas burned in (3) is not immediately discharged to the outside, but the gas analyzer (23) measures whether or not it contains harmful components above the reference value.

  Through this, if the harmful component is above the reference value, the gas is again injected into the incinerator (14, 14 ′) by the gas analysis furnace (24), and the gas is in the process described above, that is, incineration. Through the furnace (14, 14 '), the melting furnace (20) and the combustion chamber (22), it is circulated until the harmful components become less than the reference value.

As a result, the gas is discharged to the outside through the gas discharge port (25) when the harmful component of the gas is less than the reference value. At this time, an electric dust collector (26) that removes harmful dust and a wet scrubber (27) that removes chlorine are installed at the end of the gas outlet (25), and the harmful components are less than the standard value. The purified gas is collected and discharged to the outside.

As described above, according to the infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to the present invention, the infectious waste is melted immediately after incineration, and the harmful gas generated by incineration of the infectious waste is also obtained. By continuously circulating the waste until it is completely burned, infectious waste can be treated in a sanitary and effective manner, and there is an advantage that there is no emission of bad odors and harmful gases and environmental pollution is reduced.

Drawing for infectious waste treatment by conventional incineration equipment and melting equipment. 1 illustrates an infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (9)

A waste input port for infectious waste;
An incinerator that incinerates this using brown gas if the infectious waste flows through the waste inlet and flows over a certain amount;
A melting furnace in which the combustion residue discharged in the incinerator flows together with glass and melts it using brown gas;
A combustion chamber in which gas generated in the incinerator and melting furnace flows in and the gas is burned again using Brown gas;
A gas analysis furnace for analyzing the gas burned in the combustion chamber and introducing it into the incinerator again when harmful components are above a reference value;
An infectious waste incineration / melting integrated treatment system including a gas discharge port for analyzing the gas burned in the combustion chamber and discharging a harmful component to the outside when the harmful component is less than a reference value. The incinerator is a rotary incinerator that incinerates the infectious waste that flows in while the entire incinerator rotates,
The infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary incinerator for incinerating again the waste incinerated in the rotary incinerator.       The rotary incinerator is provided with means for moving only a certain amount or less of waste to the auxiliary incinerator according to the volume of waste to be incinerated. 3. The infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to claim 2, further comprising means for discharging only combustion residue of a size or less.       The infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to claim 2, wherein the combustion residue discharged in the auxiliary incinerator flows into the melting furnace through a screw conveyor.       The infectious waste incineration / melting integrated treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the infectious waste thrown into the waste inlet is not subjected to sterilization and crushing processes.       2. The infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to claim 1, further comprising a gas charging furnace that allows gas generated in the incinerator to directly flow into the melting furnace.       The infectious waste incineration / melting integrated processing system according to claim 1, wherein an outlet for discharging slag formed by melting the combustion residue and glass is formed in the lower part of the melting furnace. .       The infectious waste incineration / melting integrated treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising a burner using one or more brown gases on each side of the melting furnace and the combustion chamber.       The infectious waste incineration / melting integrated treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber is provided with one or more containers filled with glass.

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