JP2006505646A - 炭化水素の製造 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
a) i) 炭化水素供給原料を第1と第2の流れに分けること;
ii) 第1の流れとスチームとを混合し、第1の流れとスチームとの混合物を、熱交換改質装置の加熱管中に配置されている触媒上に通して一次改質ガスを形成させること;
iii) 一次改質ガスと第2の炭化水素流れとを含んだ二次改質装置供給流れを形成させること;
iv) 二次改質装置供給流れを酸素含有ガスで部分燃焼させ、こうして得られる部分燃焼ガスを二次改質触媒上にて平衡状態にすること;および
v) こうして得られる二次改質ガスを使用して熱交換改質装置の管を加熱し、これによって部分冷却された改質ガスを得ること;
によって炭化水素供給原料をスチーム改質に付す工程;
b) 部分冷却された改質ガスをスチームの露点未満にさらに冷却して水を凝縮させ、凝縮した水を分離して、脱水された合成ガスを得る工程;
c) 前記脱水合成ガスからフィッシャー・トロプシュ反応によって炭化水素を合成し、合成された炭化水素の少なくとも一部を分離してテールガスを得る工程;および
d) 前記テールガスの少なくとも一部を、二次改質装置供給流れの部分燃焼の前に、二次改質装置供給流れ中に混和する工程;
を含む炭化水素の製造法を提供する。
本発明においては、プロセスに供給される全炭化水素供給原料のうちのある割合(第2の流れ)が一次改質工程をバイパスし、一次改質ガスと合流して二次改質装置供給流れを形成し、次いでこの流れを、二次改質工程において部分燃焼に付す。こうして得られる二次改質ガスを脱水し、炭化水素をフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成するための合成ガスとして使用する。フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成からのテールガスを二次改質装置供給流れに再循環させる。二次改質装置供給流れを形成させる際には、フィッシャー・トロプシュ・テールガスと第2の炭化水素流れを、一次改質ガスに別々に(いかなる順序でもよい)加えることもできるし、あるいは、一次改質ガスに供給する前に必要に応じて予備混合することもできる。テールガスと第2の炭化水素流れを予備混合することは、必要ならば、2つの熱交換器よりむしろ1つの熱交換器にて一緒に加熱することができる、という利点を有する。第2の炭化水素流れとフィッシャー・トロプシュ・テールガスをどのような形で加えようとも、炭化水素の分解を避けるために、一次改質ガスと合流させる前に、第2の炭化水素流れとフィッシャー・トロプシュ・テールガスを420℃を超える温度には加熱しないのが好ましい。
図1において、ライン10を介して供給される炭化水素供給原料(たとえば90容量%を超えるメタンを含有する天然ガス)を2つの流れに分ける。第1の流れをライン12を介してサチュレーター14に送り、そこでライン16によって供給される高温水と接触する。不用の高温水はライン18を介して回収し、必要であれば再使用することができる。こうして得られる第1の炭化水素流れとスチームとの混合物を、一般には10〜60バール絶対圧の範囲の圧力で、ライン20を介して熱交換器22に送り、次いでライン24を介して熱交換改質装置28の触媒収容管26に送る。混合物は通常、300〜500℃の範囲の温度に加熱してから管26中に流入させる。簡単化のために、図面には1つの管だけが示されているが、実際には、数十もしくは数百のこのような管が存在してよい。
ライン30の一次改質ガスが、ライン32を介して供給されるフィッシャー・トロプシュ・テールガス(これについては後述する)と混合する。こうして得られる一次改質ガス/テールガス混合物がライン34を介して進み、第2の炭化水素流れ(ライン36を介して供給され、熱交換器38において予備加熱されている)と混合する。こうして得られる、一次改質ガス/テールガス/炭化水素混合物を含んだ二次改質装置供給流れを、ライン40を介して二次改質装置42に供給し、この装置にライン44を介して酸素を供給する。
実施例1
表1には、図2に示したフローシートにしたがって操作したフィッシャー・トロプシュ法に関して算出されたデータが記載されている。これらのデータは、本発明の方法が、熱交換反応器管において1.25のスチーム比をもたらすことができること、そしてこれによって、炭素の堆積を避けるためにニッケル/スチーム改質触媒を使用すると、プロセスに供給される全炭化水素を基準としてオーバーオールスチーム比は1.0である、ということを示している。
表2には、図3に示したフローシートにしたがって操作した80,000バレル/日のフィッシャー・トロプシュ法に関して算出されたデータが記載されている。これらのデータは、本発明の方法が、熱交換反応器管において0.88のスチーム比をもたらすことができること、そしてこれによって、炭素の堆積を避けるために貴金属改質触媒を使用すると、プロセスに供給される全炭化水素を基準としてオーバーオールスチーム比は0.66である、ということを示している。
Claims (6)
- a) i) 炭化水素供給原料を第1と第2の流れに分けること;
ii) 第1の流れとスチームとを混合し、第1の流れとスチームとの混合物を、熱交換改質装置の加熱管中に配置されている触媒上に通して一次改質ガスを形成させること;
iii) 一次改質ガスと第2の炭化水素流れとを含んだ二次改質装置供給流れを形成させること;
iv) 二次改質装置供給流れを酸素含有ガスで部分燃焼させ、こうして得られる部分燃焼ガスを二次改質触媒上にて平衡状態にすること;および
v) こうして得られる二次改質ガスを使用して熱交換改質装置の管を加熱し、これによって部分冷却された改質ガスを得ること;
によって炭化水素供給原料をスチーム改質に付す工程;
b) 部分冷却された改質ガスをスチームの露点未満にさらに冷却して水を凝縮させ、凝縮した水を分離して、脱水された合成ガスを得る工程;
c) 前記脱水合成ガスからフィッシャー・トロプシュ反応によって炭化水素を合成し、合成された炭化水素の少なくとも一部を分離してテールガスを得る工程;および
d) 前記テールガスの少なくとも一部を二次改質装置供給流れ中に混和してから、部分燃焼を行う工程;
を含む炭化水素の製造法。 - 第2の炭化水素流れが5〜50容量%の炭化水素供給原料を含む、請求項1記載の製造法。
- 炭化水素を合成する前に合成ガスから二酸化炭素を分離し、二次改質装置供給流れの部分燃焼の前に二次改質装置供給流れ中に加える、請求項1または請求項2に記載の製造法。
- テールガスと第2の炭化水素流れを混合し、分離した二酸化炭素とは別に一次改質ガスに加える、請求項3記載の製造法。
- 前記脱水合成ガスを、フィッシャー・トロプシュ炭化水素合成段階に移す前に炭化水素分離工程に付す、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の製造法。
- 熱交換改質装置の加熱管中に配置されている触媒がニッケル触媒および/または貴金属触媒を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の製造法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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GBGB0225961.2A GB0225961D0 (en) | 2002-11-07 | 2002-11-07 | Production of hydrocarbons |
PCT/GB2003/004622 WO2004041716A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 | 2003-10-23 | Production of hydrocarbons |
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JP2006505646A true JP2006505646A (ja) | 2006-02-16 |
JP4422029B2 JP4422029B2 (ja) | 2010-02-24 |
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JP2004549303A Expired - Fee Related JP4422029B2 (ja) | 2002-11-07 | 2003-10-23 | 炭化水素の製造 |
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US (1) | US7314891B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1560788B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4422029B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE320403T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003276396B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2504596C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60304064T2 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1560788T3 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA006869B1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB0225961D0 (ja) |
MY (1) | MY134407A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO336963B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004041716A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA200503477B (ja) |
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WO2009155554A3 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2010-04-08 | Gtlpetrol Llc | Systems and processes for processing hydrogen and carbon monoxide |
JP2011528648A (ja) * | 2008-07-18 | 2011-11-24 | ケロッグ ブラウン アンド ルート エルエルシー | 触媒部分酸化改質 |
JP2017155035A (ja) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-07 | 株式会社Ihi | オレフィン製造システム、および、オレフィン製造方法 |
JP2020019661A (ja) * | 2018-07-30 | 2020-02-06 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 改質システム |
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US7932296B2 (en) * | 2003-03-16 | 2011-04-26 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | Catalytic partial oxidation reforming for syngas processing and products made therefrom |
WO2006039475A2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-13 | Aker Kvaerner, Inc. | Recovery of organic compounds using a saturator |
CN101273112B (zh) * | 2005-06-14 | 2013-02-13 | 沙索技术有限公司 | 合成气的制备与转化方法 |
DE102006023248C5 (de) | 2006-05-18 | 2018-01-25 | Air Liquide Global E&C Solutions Germany Gmbh | Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von Synthesegas |
US7910629B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2011-03-22 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Light ends recovery process for a GTL plant |
US8053481B2 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | Wm Gtl, Inc. | Low-pressure Fischer-Tropsch process |
EP1927577A1 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-04 | Casale Chemicals S.A. | Process for producing synthesis gas and related apparatus |
EP1927578A1 (en) * | 2006-12-02 | 2008-06-04 | Casale Chemicals S.A. | Process for producing synthesis gas and related apparatus |
WO2009089456A2 (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-16 | Rentech, Inc. | Ethanol as a feedstock for a bctl facility |
US9074122B2 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2015-07-07 | Intevep, S.A. | Mitigation of H2S in steam injection technology using amines of natural origin |
AU2010241012B2 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2013-07-04 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Production of a synthesis gas blend and use in a Fischer-Tropsch process |
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WO2009155554A3 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2010-04-08 | Gtlpetrol Llc | Systems and processes for processing hydrogen and carbon monoxide |
US7989509B2 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2011-08-02 | Gtlpetrol Llc | Systems and processes for processing hydrogen and carbon monoxide |
US8445549B2 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2013-05-21 | Gtlpetrol Llc | Systems and processes for processing hydrogen and carbon monoxide |
CN102105570B (zh) * | 2008-06-20 | 2014-03-19 | Gtl汽油有限公司 | 用于对氢和一氧化碳进行处理的系统和方法 |
JP2011528648A (ja) * | 2008-07-18 | 2011-11-24 | ケロッグ ブラウン アンド ルート エルエルシー | 触媒部分酸化改質 |
JP2017155035A (ja) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-07 | 株式会社Ihi | オレフィン製造システム、および、オレフィン製造方法 |
JP7017024B2 (ja) | 2016-02-29 | 2022-02-08 | 株式会社Ihi | オレフィン製造システム、および、オレフィン製造方法 |
JP2020019661A (ja) * | 2018-07-30 | 2020-02-06 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 改質システム |
JP7173777B2 (ja) | 2018-07-30 | 2022-11-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 改質システム |
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NO20052354L (no) | 2005-06-10 |
EA006869B1 (ru) | 2006-04-28 |
CA2504596C (en) | 2011-05-03 |
NO336963B1 (no) | 2015-12-07 |
EA200500780A1 (ru) | 2005-10-27 |
DE60304064D1 (de) | 2006-05-11 |
EP1560788B1 (en) | 2006-03-15 |
MY134407A (en) | 2007-12-31 |
GB0225961D0 (en) | 2002-12-11 |
ZA200503477B (en) | 2006-07-26 |
CA2504596A1 (en) | 2004-05-21 |
DE60304064T2 (de) | 2006-11-09 |
JP4422029B2 (ja) | 2010-02-24 |
DK1560788T3 (da) | 2006-07-10 |
US20060135629A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
US7314891B2 (en) | 2008-01-01 |
ATE320403T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
AU2003276396A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 |
EP1560788A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
WO2004041716A1 (en) | 2004-05-21 |
AU2003276396B2 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
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