JP2006327735A - Container crane - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automate operation of a container crane, and to improve working efficiency thereof by improving the accuracy of a trolley stopping position by eliminating a traverse rope and by restricting vibration of a load. <P>SOLUTION: This container crane is provided with a self-travelling trolley 7a capable of traversing along a girder 6a arranged on a travelling leg part 5, a first winding means 50 having a suspender suspended from the trolley 7a freely to move upward and downward to hold a container 4, a self-travelling trolley 7b capable of traversing along a boom 6b arranged on the leg part 5, a second winding means 51 having a suspender suspended from the trolley 7b freely to move upward and downward to hold the container 4, and a traversing means 53 capable of traversing along the girder 6a and the boom 6b to deliver the container 4 between the first winding means 50 and the second winding means 51. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a container crane.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an example of a general container crane. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a container ship tethered to a quay 2, and is suspended by the container crane 3 between the container ship 1 and the quay 2. A container 4 as a cargo is handled.

  In the illustrated container crane 3, a girder 6 a located on the land side and a boom 6 b projecting to the sea side are provided above the leg portion 5 that can travel along the quay 2, and the girder 6 a and the boom 6 b are provided. A trolley 7 is installed along the road.

  On the trolley 7, a spreader 8 as a lifting tool for gripping the container 4 is suspended by a hoisting rope 10 via a head block 9, and the hoisting rope 10 is hoisted in a machine room 11. The spreader 8 is moved up and down by being wound up or down by the drum 12.

  Thus, for example, when the container 4 is unloaded from the container ship 1 using the container crane 3, the spreader 8 is suspended from the trolley 7 traversed on the container ship 1 to hold the container 4. Then, the spreader 8 is rolled up to traverse the trolley 7 to the hanging position on the quay 2, and then the spreader 8 is lowered to suspend the container 4 to a predetermined position on the quay 2. .

  The trolley 7 used in such a container crane 3 is traversed by a rope pulling system using a traversing drum 13 in the machine room 11, and more specifically, as shown in FIG. The transverse ropes 14 and 15 secured to one end side (sea side) of the boom 6b are hung around the sheaves 16 and 17 disposed on the front end side (sea side) in the longitudinal direction of the boom 6b, and then the sheaves 18 and 19 and These are wound around the transverse drum 13 in the machine chamber 11 via the sheaves 22 and 23 and the sheaves 24 and 25 which are moved up and down by the tension adjusting hydraulic cylinders 20 and 21 and wound around the transverse drum 13. The traversing ropes 26 and 27 wound in the direction opposite to the traversing ropes 14 and 15 being taken are hung on the end sheaves 28 and 29 disposed on the base end side (land side) in the longitudinal direction of the girder 6a. After that, it is wound around equalizer sheaves 30 and 31 attached to the other end side (land side) of the trolley 7, and is connected and fixed to the trolley 7 by a wire clip 32. 11, the traversing ropes 14 and 15 are wound, the traversing ropes 26 and 27 are unwound, and the trolley 7 traverses along the girder 6a and the boom 6b to the sea side. When the traverse drum 13 is rotated, for example, counterclockwise in FIG. 11, the traverse ropes 14 and 15 are drawn out, the traverse ropes 26 and 27 are wound up, and the trolley 7 is moved along the girder 6a and the boom 6b. It can traverse to the land side.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12, the hoisting rope 10 is wound up by two hoisting drums 12 arranged in parallel in the machine room 11 (see FIG. 10), four in total. The hoisting ropes 10 fed out from the hoisting drums 12 are hung around end sheaves 33 and 34 arranged on the longitudinal base end side (land side) of the girder 6a, and then the other end side of the trolley 7 ( Guide sheaves 35, 36 attached to the land side) and one end side (sea side), guide sheaves 37, 38 attached to the other end side (land side) and one end side (sea side) of the head block 9, The guide sheaves 39 and 40 arranged side by side with the guide sheaves 35 and 36 and the equalizer sheaves 41 and 42 attached to the front end side (sea side) in the longitudinal direction of the boom 6b are wound around by wire clips 43 and 44. Boom 6b For example, when each of the hoisting drums 12 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. 12, the hoisting rope 10 is taken up and suspended from the trolley 7. When the head block 9 and the spreader 8 are raised and the hoisting drums 12 are rotated in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 12, for example, the hoisting rope 10 is drawn out and suspended from the trolley 7. The spreader 8 can be lowered.

  In the case of the conventional container crane 3 as described above, as shown in FIG. 13, the trolley 7 is provided with a cab 45, and an operator enters the cab 45 and is placed on an operation desk (not shown). The container crane 3 is operated by operating operating devices such as levers and various switches.

In addition, there exists patent document 1 as what shows the general technical level of a container crane, for example.
JP 2003-212475 A

  However, in the conventional container crane 3 as described above, the trolley 7 is traversed by the towing method of the traversing ropes 14 and 15 and the traversing ropes 26 and 27 by the traversing drum 13, so that the slack of the rope Accordingly, the stop position of the trolley 7 becomes unstable. On the other hand, the spreader 8 as a hanging tool for gripping the container 4 is suspended from the trolley 7 by the hoisting rope 10 via the head block 9. Swinging was unavoidable, making it difficult to automate driving.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a container crane that can eliminate the traversing rope to increase the trolley stop position accuracy and suppress load swings, and can automate operation and increase work efficiency. Is.

The present invention includes a self-propelled trolley that can traverse along a girder disposed on a leg that can travel, and a hanging tool that can be lifted and lowered from the trolley and that can hold a container. A first hoisting means;
A second hoisting means having a self-propelled trolley that can traverse along a boom disposed on the leg, and a hanging tool that can be lifted and lowered from the trolley and holds a container. When,
A traversing means having a self-propelled traverser capable of traversing along the girder and the boom and capable of delivering a container between the first hoisting means and the second hoisting means. It is related to the characteristic container crane.

  According to the above means, the following operation can be obtained.

  For example, when loading a container on a container ship, the container is grasped by hanging the suspension from the trolley in the first hoisting means that has been traversed to the required position above the quay, and then the suspension is rolled up and traversed. Deliver the container to the traverser in the means, traverse the traverser along the girder and boom to the unloading position on the container ship, deliver the container to the trolley in the second hoisting means waiting there, and then the second A series of operations is performed in which the trolley hanging tool in the hoisting means is lowered to suspend the container to a predetermined position on the container ship.

  On the contrary, when unloading the container from the container ship, the container is grasped by hanging the hanging tool from the trolley in the second hoisting means traversing the required position above the container ship, and then the lifting tool is wound up, Deliver the container to the traverser in the traversing means, traverse the traverser along the boom and girder to the hanging position above the quay, deliver the container to the trolley in the first hoisting means waiting there, A series of operations are performed in which the trolley hanger in the hoisting means is hung and the container is hung at a predetermined position on the quay.

  As a result, traversing ropes are no longer necessary, so there is no need to worry about the trolley stopping position becoming unstable due to slack in the ropes, and load swings are suppressed, and automated guided vehicles deployed on quay and container ships, etc. Can be linked to the vehicle, and driving can be automated.

  In the container crane, the first hoisting means and the second hoisting means each have a container guide that can expand and contract in the vertical direction and prevent the container from swinging. It becomes extremely effective.

  Further, in the container crane, the leg portion can be extended and retracted vertically, and the girder and the boom can be arranged so as to be lifted and lowered. In this way, the height of the girder and the boom can be adjusted according to the size of the container ship. Can be adjusted, and the cycle time of cargo handling work can be further shortened.

  According to the container crane of the present invention, it is possible to increase the stopping position accuracy of the trolley by suppressing the traversing rope and to suppress the swinging of the load, and to achieve an excellent effect that the operation can be automated and the efficiency of the work can be improved.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1-9 is an example of the form which implements this invention, In the figure, the part which attached | subjected the code | symbol same as FIGS. 10-13 represents the same thing,
A self-propelled trolley 7 a that can traverse along a girder 6 a disposed on a leg 5 that can travel, and a suspension that is suspended from the trolley 7 a so that it can be raised and lowered and that holds the container 4. A first hoisting means 50 having a head block 9 and a spreader 8;
A self-propelled trolley 7b that can traverse along a boom 6b disposed on the leg 5, and a head block as a hanging tool that can be lifted and lowered from the trolley 7b and that holds the container 4 9 and a second winding means 51 having a spreader 8;
A traverse means having a self-propelled traverser 52 capable of traversing along the girder 6a and the boom 6b and capable of delivering the container 4 between the first hoisting means 50 and the second hoisting means 51. 53 and so on.

  2 to 4, the trolley 7a in the first hoisting means 50 includes a traversing wheel 55 that is rotationally driven by a traversing drive device 54 such as a motor, and the traversing wheel 55 is connected to the longitudinal direction of the girder 6a. By rolling along the transverse guide rail 56 laid so as to extend in the direction, the vehicle can be self-propelled. The trolley 7a in the first hoisting means 50 is equipped with a hoisting drum 58 that is rotationally driven by a hoisting drive device 57 such as a motor, and a hoisting rope 59 fed out from the hoisting drum 58 is provided. The hoisting rope 59 is wound around the guide sheave 60 disposed on the head block 9 and connected to the bracket 61 on the bottom surface of the trolley 7a. The spreader 8 is moved up and down. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the spreader 8 is arranged such that the telescopic frame 63 is slidable in a direction perpendicular to the transverse direction of the trolley 7a by a driving device (not shown) with respect to the spreader body 62. In addition, a twist lock 64 for gripping the container 4 is attached to the distal end of the telescopic frame 63. By extending and contracting the telescopic frame 63, a plurality of types of containers 4 having different overall lengths are suspended. It is made to be able to.

  The trolley 7a in the first hoisting means 50 is provided with a container guide 65 that can expand and contract in the vertical direction and prevents the container 4 from swinging. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the container guide 65 includes two upper guide members 66 disposed at a required interval in a direction perpendicular to the transverse direction of the trolley 7a, and the two upper guide members. Two intermediate guide members 67 are slidably engaged with each other via a guide roller (not shown) in the longitudinal direction with respect to 66, and the two intermediate guide members 67 are illustrated in the longitudinal direction with respect to the two intermediate guide members 67. Two lower guide members 68 that are slidably engaged with each other via non-guide rollers, etc., and these members are telescopically formed by winding and lowering a guide wire rope 70 by a guide winch drum 69. It is designed to contract and stretch. Here, sprockets 71 and 72 are attached to the upper end and the lower end of the intermediate guide member 67, respectively, and the other end of the chain 73 having one end connected to the lower end portion of the upper guide member 66 is connected to the upper end of the intermediate guide member 67. Hanging around the sprocket 71 and connecting to the upper end of the lower guide member 68, the other end of the chain 74 having one end connected to the lower end of the upper guide member 66 is hooked around the sprocket 72 at the lower end of the intermediate guide member 67. The guide wire rope 70 fed out from the guide winch drum 69 is connected to the upper end of the intermediate guide member 67, thereby contracting the container guide 65 shown in FIG. When the guide wire rope 70 wound around the guide winch drum 69 is unwound from the state The lower guide member 68 descends at a speed twice that of the lowering speed of the intermediate guide member 67 and shifts to the extended state of the container guide 65 shown in FIG. 6, while conversely the extension of the container guide 65 shown in FIG. When the guide wire rope 70 is wound up by the guide winch drum 69 from the state, the lower guide member 68 rises at a speed twice as fast as the intermediate guide member 67 rises, and the container guide 65 shown in FIG. It returns to the state. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a guide roller 75 formed of an elastic material such as urethane rubber is disposed at a required position on the upper surface of the head block 9, and the spreader 8 extends along the container guide 65. When the container 4 hung up and down is moved up and down, even if the container 4 is shaken, the guide roller 75 comes into contact with the container guide 65 to absorb the shock, and the container 4 can be moved up and down smoothly along the container guide 65. It is like that.

  Note that the trolley 7b in the second hoisting means 51 traverses along the traverse guide rail 56 of the boom 6b instead of the girder 6a, and the container guide in contrast to the trolley 7a in the first hoisting means 50. Since the arrangement of 65 and cab 45 is basically the same except that they are symmetrical as shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, the traverser 52 in the traversing means 53 is configured as a pair of transfer carts 76 that can be traversed synchronously disposed on both sides of the trolleys 7a and 7b, as shown in FIGS. Each transfer carriage 76 includes a traverse wheel 78 that is rotationally driven by a traverse drive device 77 such as a motor, and the traverse wheel 78 is laid so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the girder 6a and the boom 6b. Is allowed to self-propelled without interfering with the trolleys 7a and 7b. Each transfer carriage 76 is provided with gripping means 80 capable of gripping both lower portions of the container 4. The gripping means 80 includes a support frame 81 having a curved shape with a base end pivotally supported at a lower required portion (point A) of the transfer carriage 76, and a position vertically above the pivot point (point A) of the support frame 81. A link frame 82 pivotally supported at the required upper portion (point B) of the transfer carriage 76, a distal end (point C) of the support frame 81, and a distal end (point D) of the link frame 82 are pivotally attached. In addition, the hook frame 83 capable of supporting the container 4 and the base end of the cylinder main body 84 are pivotally supported at a lower required portion of the transfer carriage 76 and the tip of the rod 85 is pivotally attached to a required portion of the intermediate portion of the support frame 81. The support frame 81, the link frame 82, and the hook frame 83 constitute a parallelogram link mechanism (see ABCD), and the drive cylinder 86 is expanded and contracted. As a result, the hook frame 83 is moved away from or close to the end face of the container 4 while always extending in the vertical direction, so that the trolley 7a in the first hoisting means 50 and the trolley 7b in the second hoisting means 51 are arranged. The container 4 can be delivered to and from a plurality of types of containers 4 having different overall lengths. The transfer carriage 76 of the traverser 52 is provided with auxiliary wheels 88 that can roll along a transverse auxiliary guide rail 87 laid so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the girder 6a and the boom 6b.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the leg portion 5 has a girder 6 a and a boom 6 b attached to a support leg 91 having a traveling wheel 90 that can travel along a traveling guide rail 89 laid on the quay 2. A gate-shaped upper leg frame 92 to be supported is slidably fitted, and an elevating drive means 93 for raising and lowering the upper leg frame 92 with respect to the support leg 91 is provided, so that it can be expanded and contracted vertically. The 6a and the boom 6b are arranged so as to be movable up and down. As shown in FIG. 9, the elevating drive means 93 includes a leg winch drum 94 disposed above the upper leg frame 92, a sheave 95 and a sheave 96 disposed below the upper leg frame 92, and support legs. A sheave 97 is disposed at the upper end of 91, and leg wire ropes 98 fed out from the leg winch drum 94 are sequentially hung around the sheaves 95, 97, 97, 96, 97, 97, 95 to form leg portions. As shown in FIG. 7, the upper leg frame 92 is raised with respect to the support leg 91 by winding the leg winch drum 94 on the leg winch drum 94 and winding the leg wire rope 98 on the leg winch drum 94. By lowering the leg wire rope 98 with the leg winch drum 94, the upper leg frame 92 is lowered with respect to the support leg 91 as shown in FIG. It is to be able to. The lifting drive means 93 is not limited to the type using the leg wire rope 98 as shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9, for example, using a cylinder employed in a climbing crane. It is also possible to take the form to do.

  Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described.

  For example, when the container 4 is loaded onto the container ship 1, the spreader 8 as a hanging tool is hung from the trolley 7 a in the first hoisting means 50 traversed to the required position above the quay 2, and the twist lock 64. To hold the container 4. At this time, the container guide 65 is interlocked with the lowering of the spreader 8 to lower the guide wire rope 70 wound around the guide winch drum 69 from the contracted state shown in FIG. The lower guide member 68 descends at a speed twice as fast as the member 67 descends, and shifts to the extended state shown in FIG.

  Next, when the spreader 8 of the trolley 7a in the first hoisting means 50 is wound up, the container 4 rises smoothly along the container guide 65, and the load swing is suppressed.

  The container 4 suspended from the spreader 8 of the trolley 7a in the first hoisting means 50 is held by the gripping means 80 of the traverser 52 in the traversing means 53 waiting upward as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. When the lower ends of both ends are gripped, and the locked state of the twist lock 64 is released and the spreader 8 is raised by a required amount, the container 4 is transferred to the traverser 52 and supported. The traverser 52 traverses along the girder 6a and the boom 6b to the hanging position above the container ship 1.

  The trolley 7b in the second hoisting means 51 stands by at the hanging position above the container ship 1, and after gripping the container 4 by the twist lock 64 of the spreader 8 of the trolley 7b, the traverser 52 The container 4 is returned to the land side again to open the gripping means 80 and receive the next container 4, and the container 4 suspended from the spreader 8 of the trolley 7b follows the stretched container guide 65 as shown in FIG. The vehicle descends smoothly and is suspended at a predetermined position on the container ship 1 while suppressing the swing of the load. Thereafter, a series of operations similar to those described above are repeated.

  On the contrary, when unloading the container 4 from the container ship 1, the spreader 8 as a hanging tool is suspended from the trolley 7 b in the second hoisting means 51 traversing the required position above the container ship 1 to twist-lock. When the container 4 is gripped by 64 and then the spreader 8 is rolled up, the container 4 smoothly rises along the extended container guide 65 as shown in FIG.

  The container 4 suspended from the spreader 8 of the trolley 7b in the second hoisting means 51 is held by the gripping means 80 of the traverser 52 in the traversing means 53 waiting upward as shown in FIG. When the lower ends of both ends are gripped, and the locked state of the twist lock 64 is released and the spreader 8 is raised by a required amount, the container 4 is transferred to the traverser 52 and supported. The traverser 52 traverses along the boom 6b and the girder 6a to the hanging position above the quay 2.

  The trolley 7a in the first hoisting means 50 stands by at the hanging position above the quay 2, and after the container 4 is gripped by the twist lock 64 of the spreader 8 of the trolley 7a, the traverser 52 is gripped. The container 4 is returned to the sea side to open the means 80 and receive the next container 4, and the container 4 suspended from the spreader 8 of the trolley 7a is smoothly moved along the extended container guide 65 as shown in FIG. The vehicle is lowered to a predetermined position on the quay 2 while restraining the swing of the load, and thereafter, a series of operations similar to those described above are repeated.

  As a result, a traversing rope becomes unnecessary, and there is no fear that the stop position of the trolleys 7a and 7b becomes unstable due to the slack of the rope, and the swinging of the cargo is suppressed, and it is deployed on the quay 2 and the container ship 1. It is possible to cooperate with an unillustrated unmanned transport cart or the like, which makes it possible to automate driving. Further, in the conventional case, the operator must get into the cab 45 of the trolley 7 (see FIG. 10) and move a long distance together with the container 4, which increases fatigue. The operator gets into the cab 45 of the trolley 7a in the first hoisting means 50 and the cab 45 of the trolley 7b in the second hoisting means 51, respectively, and mainly performs the operation of hoisting and lowering the container 4. What is necessary is that it is not necessary to move a long distance together with the container 4, so that it is possible to reduce operator fatigue.

  Moreover, in the container crane 3, each of the first hoisting means 50 and the second hoisting means 51 has a container guide 65 that can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction and prevents the container 4 from swinging. Thus, it is possible to reliably suppress the swing of the load when the container 4 is raised and lowered.

  In the case where the size of the container ship 1 is small as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 1, the upper leg frame 92 is lifted from the support leg 91 as shown in FIG. If the upper leg frame 92 is lowered with respect to the support leg 91 by lowering the leg wire rope 98 with the part winch drum 94, the height of the girder 6a and the boom 6b will be shown. It is possible to reduce the cycle time of the cargo handling work.

  In this way, it is possible to eliminate the traversing rope to increase the stop position accuracy of the trolleys 7a and 7b and to suppress the swinging of the load, thereby automating the operation and increasing the efficiency of the work.

  In addition, the container crane of this invention is not limited only to the above-mentioned illustration example, Of course, a various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a whole schematic block diagram which shows an example of the form which implements this invention. It is a side view which shows the trolley in an example of embodiment which implements this invention, Comprising: It is the II section equivalent view of FIG. It is a front view which shows the trolley which suspended the container with a long full length in an example which implements this invention, and the traverser which receives it, Comprising: It is the III-III arrow equivalent view of FIG. It is a front view which shows the trolley which suspended the container with the short full length in an example which implements this invention, and the traverser which receives it, Comprising: It is the III-III arrow equivalent view of FIG. It is a front view which shows the state which contracted the container guide in an example of embodiment which implements this invention. It is a front view which shows the state which extended the container guide in an example of embodiment which implements this invention. It is a front view which shows the state which extended the leg part in an example of embodiment which implements this invention. It is a front view which shows the state which contracted the leg part in an example which implements this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the expansion-contraction drive system of the leg part in an example of embodiment which implements this invention. It is a whole schematic block diagram which shows an example of the common container crane in the past. FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view schematically showing a traverse drive system of the trolley of FIG. 10. FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view schematically showing a head block suspended from the trolley of FIG. 10 and a winding drive system of a spreader. It is a side view which shows the trolley of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container ship 3 Container crane 4 Container 5 Leg 6a Girder 6b Boom 7a Trolley 7b Trolley 8 Spreader (hanging tool)
50 First hoisting means 51 Second hoisting means 52 Traverser 53 Traverse means 65 Container guide

Claims (3)

A first winding having a self-propelled trolley capable of traversing along a girder disposed on a leg capable of traveling, and a hanging tool that is suspended from the trolley and can be lifted and lowered and holds a container. Upper means,
A second hoisting means having a self-propelled trolley that can traverse along a boom disposed on the leg, and a hanging tool that can be lifted and lowered from the trolley and holds a container. When,
A traversing means having a self-propelled traverser capable of traversing along the girder and the boom and capable of delivering a container between the first hoisting means and the second hoisting means. A featured container crane.   The container crane according to claim 1, wherein each of the first hoisting means and the second hoisting means has a container guide that is extendable in the vertical direction and prevents the container from swinging.   The container crane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the leg portion is extendable in the vertical direction, and the girder and the boom are arranged to be movable up and down.

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