JP2006297440A - Wet type metal wire drawing method - Google Patents

Wet type metal wire drawing method Download PDF

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JP2006297440A
JP2006297440A JP2005121698A JP2005121698A JP2006297440A JP 2006297440 A JP2006297440 A JP 2006297440A JP 2005121698 A JP2005121698 A JP 2005121698A JP 2005121698 A JP2005121698 A JP 2005121698A JP 2006297440 A JP2006297440 A JP 2006297440A
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lubricant
wire drawing
wire
tank
temperature
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JP4668672B2 (en
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Yoshiaki Ono
義昭 大野
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Bridgestone Corp
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Bridgestone Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wet type metal wire drawing method capable of feeding a cooled, emulsion type lubricant to a drawing section without increasing the emulsion diameter of the lubricant. <P>SOLUTION: When performing the wet type wire drawing of a metal wire 13, a cooling means 30 with a cooling machine 32 arranged in an auxiliary tank 31 is provided between a wire drawing machine 10 and a lubricant tank 20 to feed a water-based lubricant with oil components emulsified and dispersed to cool the lubricant so that the temperature of the lubricant fed to the wire drawing machine 10 reaches 5-30°C, the temperature of the lubricant in the lubricant tank 20 is kept at 35-60°C, and the time required for the lubricant to reach the wire drawing machine 10 from the cooling means 30 is within three hours. The time in which the lubricant is kept at low temperature is shortened, and the lubricant of the small emulsion diameter can be fed to the wire drawing machine for a long time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、金属線材の湿式伸線方法に関するもので、特に、油成分をエマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤を潤滑剤として用いた金属線材の湿式伸線方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a metal wire wet drawing method, and more particularly to a metal wire wet drawing method using an aqueous lubricant in which an oil component is emulsified and dispersed as a lubricant.

従来、細径の銅線、スチールコード用黄銅メッキ鋼線等の金属線材の製造においては多段式湿式伸線装置を用いた湿式伸線が行なわれており、上記伸線機に用いられる潤滑剤としては、油成分をエマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤が多く用いられている。
上記湿式伸線においては、加工中の金属線材の温度を低く保つことが、表面の酸化抑制や時効硬化による延性劣化抑制に効果があることが知られている。金属線材の温度を低く保つ手段としては、
（１）予め冷媒で冷却した金属線材をダイスに入線させる。
（２）伸線機のキャプスタンを冷却して金属線材を間接的に冷却する。
（３）潤滑剤を冷却する。
などの手段が知られているが、中でも、（３）が最も効率的であると考えられ、油成分をエマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤は冷媒としても好適である。
上記エマルジョンタイプの潤滑剤を冷却する方法としては、供給源である潤滑剤タンク内で潤滑剤を予め冷却しておき、この冷却された潤滑剤を伸線機に供給する方法や、ダイスの出線側と入線側との間に設けられた潤滑液槽に、潤滑剤供給ノズルから冷却した潤滑剤を供給する方法などが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１，２参照）。
また、ダイスとの面圧が高い仕上がりダイス用の潤滑系統を設け、この潤滑系統の潤滑剤のみを冷却することにより、冷却系を簡素化する方法も提案されている（例えば、特許文献３参照）。
特開昭６１−１６５２２１号公報 特開平８−５７５３１号公報 実開昭６２−２９８１１号公報 Conventionally, in the production of metal wires such as small-diameter copper wires and brass-plated steel wires for steel cords, wet drawing using a multistage wet drawing apparatus has been performed, and the lubricant used in the above drawing machine In many cases, an aqueous lubricant in which an oil component is emulsified and dispersed is used.
In the wet wire drawing, it is known that keeping the temperature of the metal wire during processing low is effective in suppressing surface oxidation and ductile deterioration due to age hardening. As a means to keep the temperature of the metal wire low,
(1) A metal wire previously cooled with a refrigerant is inserted into a die.
(2) The capstan of the wire drawing machine is cooled to indirectly cool the metal wire.
(3) Cool the lubricant.
However, (3) is considered to be the most efficient, and an aqueous lubricant in which an oil component is emulsified and dispersed is also suitable as a refrigerant.
The emulsion type lubricant can be cooled by cooling the lubricant in advance in a lubricant tank as a supply source and supplying the cooled lubricant to a wire drawing machine, There has been proposed a method of supplying a lubricant cooled from a lubricant supply nozzle to a lubricant tank provided between a line side and an incoming line side (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
In addition, a method of simplifying the cooling system by providing a lubrication system for a finished die having a high surface pressure with the die and cooling only the lubricant in the lubrication system has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 3). ).
JP 61-165221 A JP-A-8-57531 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-29811

ところで、上記従来例では、供給源である潤滑剤タンクで潤滑剤を冷却するなどしているため、潤滑剤が長時間にわたって冷却された状態になっていた。しかしながら、油成分をエマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤の温度を長時間下げておくと、上記潤滑剤のエマルジョン径が大きくなってしまい、上記潤滑剤がダイスへ引き込まれ難くなる。その結果、ダイスと金属線材との潤滑性が低下してしまい、伸線された金属細線表面が酸化したり時効硬化による延性劣化を起こしてしまうといった問題点があった。また、エマルジョン径が大きくなると油成分が凝集・沈殿してしまい、伸線に必要となる有効成分が減少してしまうといった問題も生じる。   By the way, in the above conventional example, since the lubricant is cooled in a lubricant tank as a supply source, the lubricant has been cooled for a long time. However, if the temperature of the water-based lubricant in which the oil component is emulsified and dispersed is lowered for a long time, the emulsion diameter of the lubricant becomes large and the lubricant becomes difficult to be drawn into the die. As a result, there is a problem that the lubricity between the die and the metal wire is deteriorated, and the surface of the drawn fine metal wire is oxidized or the ductility is deteriorated due to age hardening. In addition, when the emulsion diameter increases, the oil component aggregates and precipitates, resulting in a problem that the effective component necessary for wire drawing decreases.

本発明は、上記従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、潤滑剤のエマルジョン径を大きくすることなく、冷却したエマルジョンタイプの潤滑剤を伸線部に供給する方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a method for supplying a cooled emulsion type lubricant to a wire drawing portion without increasing the emulsion diameter of the lubricant. To do.

本願の請求項１に記載の発明は、予め冷却した、油成分をエマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤を、多段式伸線機の少なくとも一部に供給して金属線材を伸線加工する金属線材の湿式伸線方法であって、上記潤滑剤を、上記伸線機とこの伸線機に潤滑剤を供給する潤滑剤タンクとの間で循環させるとともに、潤滑剤タンクから伸線機に至る経路に冷却手段を設けて上記伸線機に供給される潤滑剤の温度を５℃〜３０℃とし、同時に、上記潤滑剤タンク内の潤滑剤の温度を３５℃〜６０℃に保持するようにしたことを特徴とするものである。
請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の金属線材の湿式伸線方法において、上記潤滑剤が上記冷却手段から上記伸線機に移送される時間を３時間以下としたことを特徴とする。
請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１または請求項２に記載の金属線材の湿式伸線方法において、上記冷却された潤滑剤を、最終伸線部を含む後段の伸線部に供給し、他の伸線部には、上記冷却手段を経由しない潤滑剤を供給するようにしたことを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a metal for drawing a metal wire by supplying a precooled water-based lubricant in which an oil component is emulsified and dispersed to at least a part of a multistage wire drawing machine. A wet wire drawing method for a wire material, wherein the lubricant is circulated between the wire drawing machine and a lubricant tank that supplies the wire drawing machine with a lubricant, and the lubricant tank reaches the wire drawing machine. A cooling means is provided in the path so that the temperature of the lubricant supplied to the wire drawing machine is 5 ° C. to 30 ° C., and at the same time, the temperature of the lubricant in the lubricant tank is maintained at 35 ° C. to 60 ° C. It is characterized by that.
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the wet wire drawing method for a metal wire according to claim 1, the time for which the lubricant is transferred from the cooling means to the wire drawing machine is 3 hours or less. And
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the wet wire drawing method for a metal wire according to the first or second aspect, the cooled lubricant is supplied to a subsequent wire drawing portion including the final wire drawing portion. The other drawn portions are supplied with a lubricant that does not go through the cooling means.

本発明によれば、潤滑剤供給する潤滑剤タンクから伸線機に至る経路に冷却手段を設けて上記伸線機に供給される潤滑剤の温度を５℃〜３０℃としたので、潤滑剤が冷却手段から伸線機に至るための時間を短くすることができ、エマルジョン径の増大を抑制することができる。また、それと同時に、上記潤滑剤タンク内の潤滑剤の温度を３５℃〜６０℃に保持するようにしたので、潤滑剤タンク内においても上記潤滑剤のエマルジョン径の増大を抑制することができるので、常に、エマルジョン径が小さく、かつ、冷却された潤滑剤を伸線機に供給することができ、金属線材表面の酸化や時効硬化による延性劣化を大幅に抑制することができる。
また、上記冷却された潤滑剤を、特に冷却が必要な最終伸線部を含む後段の伸線部に供給し、他の伸線部には、上記冷却手段を経由しない潤滑剤を供給するようにすれば、金属線材表面の酸化や時効硬化による延性劣化を効率よく抑制することができるとともに、潤滑剤タンクに戻る潤滑剤の温度を、潤滑剤タンクの設定温度に近づけることができるので、潤滑剤タンクにおける温度保持に要するエネルギーを節約することができる。 According to the present invention, the cooling means is provided in the path from the lubricant tank supplying the lubricant to the wire drawing machine, and the temperature of the lubricant supplied to the wire drawing machine is set to 5 ° C. to 30 ° C. However, it is possible to shorten the time required to reach the wire drawing machine from the cooling means, and to suppress an increase in the emulsion diameter. At the same time, since the temperature of the lubricant in the lubricant tank is maintained at 35 ° C. to 60 ° C., an increase in the emulsion diameter of the lubricant can be suppressed also in the lubricant tank. The emulsion diameter is always small and the cooled lubricant can be supplied to the wire drawing machine, and the ductility deterioration due to oxidation and age hardening of the surface of the metal wire can be greatly suppressed.
In addition, the cooled lubricant is supplied to the subsequent drawing portion including the final drawing portion that particularly needs cooling, and the lubricant that does not pass through the cooling means is supplied to the other drawing portions. By doing so, it is possible to efficiently suppress ductility deterioration due to oxidation and age hardening of the surface of the metal wire, and the temperature of the lubricant that returns to the lubricant tank can be brought close to the set temperature of the lubricant tank. The energy required to maintain the temperature in the agent tank can be saved.

以下、本発明の最良の形態について、図面に基づき説明する。
図１は、本最良形態に係る金属線材の湿式伸線方法を示す図で、同図において、１０は複数の線引きダイス１１が配設された潤滑液槽１２と伸線処理される金属線材１３を案内するための複数の駆動キャプスタン１４ａ，１４ｂとを備えた伸線機、２０は油成分をエマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤を上記潤滑液槽１２内に供給するための潤滑剤タンク、３０は上記潤滑剤を冷却するための冷却手段で、本例では、補助タンク３１内に図示しない冷却剤供給装置から供給される冷媒を通過させる蛇管等を備えた冷却機３２を配置し、上記潤滑剤タンク２０から上記補助タンク３１に送られてきた潤滑剤を冷却するようにしている。
上記冷却手段３０を経由して伸線機１０に供給される潤滑剤の温度は、上記冷却手段３０の冷却能力、及び、上記潤滑剤が上記冷却手段３０を通過するのに要する時間を適宜設定し、５℃〜３０℃とすることが好ましい。すなわち、上記潤滑剤の温度が３０℃を超えると上記金属線材１３を冷却する効果が小さくなる。また、５℃未満であると、大型の冷却機を用いる必要があるなど、実用上の困難性が増すだけでなく、上記潤滑剤とワイヤー間の反応低下や潤滑剤の凝集・沈殿の高速化により潤滑性が悪化する。したがって、潤滑剤の温度は、５℃〜３０℃とすることが好ましく、１０℃〜２０℃とすると更に好ましい。 Hereinafter, the best mode of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a view showing a wet wire drawing method for a metal wire according to the best mode. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a lubricating liquid tank 12 in which a plurality of wire drawing dies 11 are arranged, and a metal wire 13 to be drawn. A wire drawing machine having a plurality of drive capstans 14a and 14b for guiding the oil, and a lubricant tank 20 for supplying an aqueous lubricant obtained by emulsifying and dispersing oil components into the lubricating liquid tank 12. , 30 is a cooling means for cooling the lubricant, and in this example, a cooling machine 32 provided with a serpentine tube or the like through which refrigerant supplied from a coolant supply device (not shown) is passed in the auxiliary tank 31, The lubricant sent from the lubricant tank 20 to the auxiliary tank 31 is cooled.
The temperature of the lubricant supplied to the wire drawing machine 10 via the cooling means 30 is set as appropriate for the cooling capacity of the cooling means 30 and the time required for the lubricant to pass through the cooling means 30. And it is preferable to set it as 5 to 30 degreeC. That is, when the temperature of the lubricant exceeds 30 ° C., the effect of cooling the metal wire 13 is reduced. If the temperature is less than 5 ° C, it is necessary to use a large chiller, which not only increases practical difficulties, but also reduces the reaction between the lubricant and the wire and speeds up the aggregation and precipitation of the lubricant. As a result, the lubricity deteriorates. Therefore, the temperature of the lubricant is preferably 5 ° C to 30 ° C, more preferably 10 ° C to 20 ° C.

また、潤滑剤が冷却手段３０から伸線機１０に至るまでに要する時間、すなわち、潤滑剤が低温に保持されている時間が長時間になると、エマルジョン径の粗大化が起こるので、潤滑剤が冷却手段３０から伸線機１０に至るまでに要する時間としては３時間以下とすることが好ましく、２時間以下とすれば更に好ましい。
なお、本例のように、補助タンク３１を設けた場合には、上記補助タンク３１の容量を大きすぎないようにして、上記補助タンク３１での上記潤滑剤の滞留時間が必要以上に長くならないようにする必要がある。
一方、潤滑剤タンク２０内における潤滑剤の温度は、例えば、ヒーターまたはヒータと冷却装置の併用により、３５℃〜６０℃に保持することが肝要である。すなわち、上記潤滑剤の温度が３５℃未満では、上記潤滑剤タンク２０内においてエマルジョン径の粗大化が生じる恐れがある。また、６０℃を超えると潤滑剤が変成し始め、エマルジョン効果がなくなり、潤滑剤の油成分の分離が生じるので、潤滑剤タンク２０内の潤滑剤の温度は３５℃〜６０℃とすることが好ましい。これにより、潤滑剤タンク２０内での潤滑剤の変性を防止できるとともに、エマルジョン径の小さな潤滑剤を上記冷却手段３０に供給することができる。 Further, when the time required for the lubricant to reach the wire drawing machine 10 from the cooling means 30, that is, the time during which the lubricant is kept at a low temperature, is increased for a long time, the emulsion diameter becomes coarse. The time required from the cooling means 30 to the wire drawing machine 10 is preferably 3 hours or less, and more preferably 2 hours or less.
Note that, when the auxiliary tank 31 is provided as in this example, the capacity of the auxiliary tank 31 is not excessively large, and the residence time of the lubricant in the auxiliary tank 31 does not become longer than necessary. It is necessary to do so.
On the other hand, it is important to maintain the temperature of the lubricant in the lubricant tank 20 at 35 ° C. to 60 ° C. by using, for example, a heater or a combination of a heater and a cooling device. That is, when the temperature of the lubricant is less than 35 ° C., the emulsion diameter may be increased in the lubricant tank 20. Further, when the temperature exceeds 60 ° C., the lubricant starts to be transformed, the emulsion effect is lost, and the oil component of the lubricant is separated, so the temperature of the lubricant in the lubricant tank 20 should be 35 ° C. to 60 ° C. preferable. As a result, the lubricant can be prevented from being denatured in the lubricant tank 20 and a lubricant having a small emulsion diameter can be supplied to the cooling means 30.

このように、本最良の形態によれば、金属線材１３の湿式伸線を行う際に、伸線機１０と、油成分をエマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤を供給するための潤滑剤タンク２０との間に、補助タンク３１内に冷却機３２が配置された冷却手段３０を設けて、上記伸線機１０に供給される潤滑剤の温度を５℃〜３０℃になるように冷却するとともに、上記潤滑剤タンク２０内の潤滑剤の温度を３５℃〜６０℃に保持し、更に、上記潤滑剤が冷却手段３０から伸線機１０に至るまでに要する時間を３時間以内になるように設定し、上記潤滑剤が低温に保持される時間を短くして、長時間に亘ってエマルジョン径の小さな潤滑剤を伸線機に供給することができるようにしたので、スチールコード用黄銅メッキ鋼線や銅線などのような、伸線された金属線材１３表面の酸化や時効硬化による延性劣化を大幅に抑制することができる。   Thus, according to this best mode, when wet drawing of the metal wire 13 is performed, the wire drawing machine 10 and a lubricant tank for supplying an aqueous lubricant in which an oil component is emulsified and dispersed are supplied. The cooling means 30 in which the cooler 32 is disposed in the auxiliary tank 31 is provided between the temperature and the temperature of the lubricant supplied to the wire drawing machine 10 so as to be 5 ° C. to 30 ° C. At the same time, the temperature of the lubricant in the lubricant tank 20 is maintained at 35 ° C. to 60 ° C., and the time required for the lubricant to reach the wire drawing machine 10 from the cooling means 30 is within 3 hours. The length of time that the lubricant is kept at a low temperature is shortened so that a lubricant with a small emulsion diameter can be supplied to the wire drawing machine over a long period of time. Drawn, such as steel wire or copper wire It is possible to greatly suppress ductility deterioration due to oxidation and age hardening of the genus wire 13 surface.

また、本発明の湿式伸線方法を、スチールコード用黄銅メッキ鋼線の製造に適用すると、下記のような問題を解決できるので、特に効果が大きく、とりわけ、抗張力が３８００ＭＰａ以上の高強度鋼線や、１０００ｍ／分以上の高速伸線に有効である。
（１）素線が高炭素鋼なので、伸線時の温度上昇による時効硬化が生じ易い。
（２）高強度を得るための伸線加工量を大きくするので、線材及びダイスの温度が高くなり易い。
（３）降伏応力が高いので、ダイスと線材との間の面圧が高く、線材及びダイスの温度が高くなり易い。また、高度な潤滑性が要求される。
（４）ゴムへの接着性の観点から、表面の黄銅メッキの酸化は好ましくない。 In addition, when the wet wire drawing method of the present invention is applied to the production of a brass-plated steel wire for steel cords, the following problems can be solved, so that the effect is particularly great, and in particular, a high-strength steel wire having a tensile strength of 3800 MPa or more. It is effective for high-speed drawing at 1000 m / min or more.
(1) Since the strand is a high carbon steel, age hardening is likely to occur due to a temperature rise during wire drawing.
(2) Since the amount of wire drawing for obtaining high strength is increased, the temperature of the wire and the die tends to increase.
(3) Since the yield stress is high, the surface pressure between the die and the wire is high, and the temperature of the wire and the die tends to be high. In addition, high lubricity is required.
(4) From the viewpoint of adhesion to rubber, oxidation of the brass plating on the surface is not preferable.

なお、上記最良の形態では、１台の伸線機１０につきそれぞれ潤滑剤タンク２０と冷却手段３０とを設けたが、潤滑剤タンク１基当たり複数の伸線機を組合わせたり、冷却手段１台当たり複数の伸線機を組合わせる構成としても良い。
また、上記例では、補助タンク３１内に蛇管等の冷却機３２を配置したが、潤滑剤タンク２０から伸線機１０に至る経路の一部を冷媒が中を通過する蛇管にて構成し、上記伸線機１０に供給される潤滑剤を冷却するようにしてもよい。 In the above-described best mode, the lubricant tank 20 and the cooling means 30 are provided for each wire drawing machine 10, but a plurality of wire drawing machines per combination of the lubricant tanks or the cooling means 1 are provided. It is good also as a structure which combines several wire drawing machines per stand.
Further, in the above example, the cooler 32 such as a serpentine tube is disposed in the auxiliary tank 31, but a part of the path from the lubricant tank 20 to the wire drawing machine 10 is constituted by a serpentine tube through which the refrigerant passes, The lubricant supplied to the wire drawing machine 10 may be cooled.

また、冷却された潤滑剤は全ての伸線部に供給する必要はなく、特に温度の上昇が大きい箇所のみに供給してもよい。例えば、多段伸線機においては、伸線後段に向かって線速及び線材の降伏応力が増加し線材の温度が上がり易いので、図２に示すように、前段の伸線部１０Ａには潤滑剤タンク２０から冷却しない潤滑剤を直接供給し、最終伸線部を含む後段の伸線部１０Ｂにのみ、冷却手段３０で冷却された潤滑剤を供給しても金属線材表面の酸化や時効硬化による延性劣化を十分に抑制することができる。
なお、上記実施の形態のシステムでは、伸線機１０から潤滑剤タンク２０へ戻される潤滑剤の温度は、伸線機１０における伸線加工による発熱により、冷却手段３０を経由して伸線機１０に送られる潤滑剤の温度よりは高くなっているので、冷却手段３０で冷却した分の熱量を潤滑タンク２０のヒーター等でまるまる補償する必要はないが、上記のように、後段の伸線部１０Ｂにのみ冷却された潤滑剤を供給した場合には、潤滑剤タンク２０へ戻される潤滑剤の温度を潤滑剤タンク２０の設定温度に近づけることができるので、潤滑剤タンク２０における温度保持に要するエネルギーを節約することができる。
上記のような、後段の伸線部のみに冷却された潤滑剤を供給するシステムは、特に、スチールコード用黄銅メッキ高強度鋼線を製造するための伸線工程に適しており、後段伸線部が少なくとも下記の式（１）で表わされる、真歪εが３．０以上となる伸線を含む場合、または、伸線される線材の抗張力が３０００ＭＰａ以上となる伸線部を含む場合に適している。
ε＝２×ｌｎ（ｄ0／ｄ）‥‥‥‥（１）
（ｌｎは自然対数、ｄ0は伸線前の線材の直径、ｄはダイス通過後の線材の直径） Moreover, it is not necessary to supply the cooled lubricant to all the wire-drawing portions, and it may be supplied only to a portion where the temperature rise is particularly large. For example, in a multi-stage wire drawing machine, the wire speed and the yield stress of the wire increase toward the latter stage of the wire drawing, and the temperature of the wire easily rises. Therefore, as shown in FIG. Even if the lubricant that is not cooled is directly supplied from the tank 20 and the lubricant cooled by the cooling means 30 is supplied only to the subsequent drawing portion 10B including the final drawing portion, the surface of the metal wire is oxidized or age-hardened. Ductility deterioration can be sufficiently suppressed.
In the system of the above embodiment, the temperature of the lubricant returned from the wire drawing machine 10 to the lubricant tank 20 is caused by the heat generated by the wire drawing in the wire drawing machine 10 via the cooling means 30 to the wire drawing machine. Since the temperature of the lubricant sent to 10 is higher than the temperature of the lubricant sent to the cooling means 30, it is not necessary to compensate for the amount of heat cooled by the cooling means 30 with the heater of the lubrication tank 20 or the like. When the cooled lubricant is supplied only to the part 10B, the temperature of the lubricant returned to the lubricant tank 20 can be brought close to the set temperature of the lubricant tank 20, so that the temperature in the lubricant tank 20 can be maintained. The energy required can be saved.
The above-described system for supplying the cooled lubricant only to the subsequent drawing line is particularly suitable for the drawing process for producing a brass-plated high-strength steel wire for steel cords. When the part includes at least a drawn wire represented by the following formula (1) and the true strain ε is 3.0 or more, or includes a drawn part where the tensile strength of the drawn wire is 3000 MPa or more. Is suitable.
ε = 2 × ln (d 0 / d) (1)
(In is the natural logarithm, d 0 is the diameter of the wire before drawing, d is the diameter of the wire after passing through the die)

パテンティングと黄銅メッキを施した直径が１．４ｍｍの高炭素鋼線材を、伸線加工して、最終線径が直径０．２０ｍｍで抗張力が約４２００ＭＰａのスチールコード用黄銅メッキ高強度鋼線を様々な条件で製造し、伸線開始時及び３時間伸線継続後の潤滑剤の平均エマルジョン径と製造された鋼線の延性を測定した。その結果を図３の表に示す。
なお、平均エマルジョン径はレーザー回折式粒度分布計にて測定し、潤滑剤を冷却しない下記の比較例２の値を１００とした指数で表示した（値が大きいほど平均エマルジョン径が大）。また、鋼線の延性は、得られた直径０．２０ｍｍの鋼線の捻回値を測定し、上記比較例２の値を１００とした指数で表示した（値が大きいほど延性大）。
１.共通条件
・潤滑剤は油成分をエマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤を用いた。
・伸線加工は多段湿式伸線機と約２５台のダイスを用いて行った。
・潤滑剤の冷却は、冷媒を通した蛇管を内部に設置した補助タンクを設けて行った。
・潤滑剤タンク内の潤滑剤温度はヒータと冷却機を併用して調整し、約４０℃に保持。・潤滑剤循環量（潤滑剤タンクへの戻り量）：１５リットル／分
・潤滑剤タンク内の潤滑剤量：９００リットル（潤滑剤タンク内停留時間：６０分）
・伸線機中の潤滑剤量：３００リットル（伸線機内停留時間：２０分）
２．実施例１の条件
・図１に示すように、冷却された潤滑剤を伸線機の伸線部全体に供給。
・補助タンク中の潤滑剤量：１２０リットル（補助タンク内停留時間：８分）
・伸線機に供給される潤滑剤の温度Ｔ1＝２０℃
・潤滑剤タンクに戻される潤滑剤の温度Ｔ2＝２２℃
３．実施例２の条件
・図２に示すように、冷却された潤滑剤を、加工歪ε＞３．００以上の伸線部後半に供給し、ε＝３．０より前の前段伸線部には潤滑剤タンクから潤滑剤を冷却せずに供給。
・補助タンクから後段伸線部への潤滑剤流量：７．５リットル／分
・潤滑剤タンクから前段伸線部への潤滑剤流量：７．５リットル／分
・補助タンク中の潤滑剤量：１２０リットル（補助タンク内停留時間：１６分）
・伸線機に供給される潤滑剤の温度Ｔ3＝２０℃（実施例１のＴ1と同等になるよう調整）
・前段伸線部に供給される潤滑剤の温度Ｔ4＝約４０℃（潤滑剤タンク内と同等）
・潤滑剤タンクに戻される潤滑剤の温度Ｔ5＝約３０℃
４．比較例１の条件
・図４に示すように、潤滑剤を伸線機と補助タンクとの間で循環させる。冷却された潤滑剤は伸線機の伸線部全体に供給、（潤滑剤タンクによる温度調整なし）
・潤滑剤流量：１５リットル／分（共通条件の潤滑剤量と同じ）
・補助タンク中の潤滑剤量：２４０リットル（補助タンク内停留時間：３２分）
・伸線機に供給される潤滑剤の温度Ｔ6＝２０℃（実施例１のＴ1と同等になるよう調整）
・補助タンクに戻される潤滑剤の温度Ｔ7＝２２℃
５．比較例１の条件
・図５に示すように、潤滑剤を冷却手段を通さず、伸線機と潤滑剤タンクとの間で循環。
・潤滑剤流量及び潤滑剤タンク中の潤滑剤量は共通条件と同じ。
・伸線機に供給される潤滑剤の温度Ｔ8＝２０℃（実施例１のＴ1と同じ）
・潤滑剤タンクに戻される潤滑剤の温度Ｔ9＝約４３℃
図３の表から明らかなように、本発明による、潤滑剤が適度に冷却され、かつ、潤滑剤の低温での保持時間が短い実施例１，２では、伸線を長時間継続しても良好な潤滑性が保たれることから、潤滑剤の冷却を行わない比較例１に対して、平均エマルジョン径も小さく、冷却による延性改善の効果が大きいだけでなく、延性改善効果が継続することが確認された。また、実施例２では伸線機から戻る潤滑剤の温度が実施例１よりも潤滑剤タンク内の潤滑剤の温度に近いので、潤滑剤タンク内の潤滑剤の温度調整が容易であった。
一方、潤滑剤タンクでの温度調整を行わない比較例１では、伸線開始時には冷却による延性改善の効果がみられるものの、伸線を長時間継続するとエマルジョン径の粗大化が起って潤滑性が悪くなり、鋼線の延性も低下した。 A high-carbon steel wire with a diameter of 1.4 mm that has undergone patenting and brass plating is drawn into a brass-plated high-strength steel wire for steel cords with a final wire diameter of 0.20 mm and a tensile strength of approximately 4200 MPa. Manufactured under various conditions, the average emulsion diameter of the lubricant at the start of wire drawing and after 3 hours of wire drawing and the ductility of the produced steel wire were measured. The results are shown in the table of FIG.
The average emulsion diameter was measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution meter and expressed as an index with the value of Comparative Example 2 below, which does not cool the lubricant, taken as 100 (the larger the value, the larger the average emulsion diameter). Further, the ductility of the steel wire was measured by measuring the twist value of the obtained steel wire having a diameter of 0.20 mm, and expressed as an index with the value of Comparative Example 2 set to 100 (the larger the value, the greater the ductility).
1. Common conditions-The lubricant used was an aqueous lubricant in which oil components were emulsified and dispersed.
-Wire drawing was performed using a multistage wet wire drawing machine and about 25 dies.
・ Lubricant was cooled by providing an auxiliary tank with a serpentine tube through which refrigerant was passed.
・ Lubricant temperature in the lubricant tank is adjusted by using a heater and a cooler together and kept at about 40 ℃.・ Lubricant circulation amount (return amount to the lubricant tank): 15 liters / minute ・ Lubricant amount in the lubricant tank: 900 liters (retention time in the lubricant tank: 60 minutes)
・ Lubricant amount in wire drawing machine: 300 liters (stop time in wire drawing machine: 20 minutes)
2. Conditions of Example 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the cooled lubricant is supplied to the entire wire drawing section of the wire drawing machine.
・ Amount of lubricant in auxiliary tank: 120 liters (stop time in auxiliary tank: 8 minutes)
-Lubricant temperature T 1 supplied to the wire drawing machine = 20 ° C
-Lubricant temperature T 2 returned to the lubricant tank = 22 ° C
3. Conditions of Example 2 As shown in FIG. 2, the cooled lubricant is supplied to the latter half of the drawn portion where the processing strain ε> 3.00 or more, and the former drawn portion before ε = 3.0. Supplied without cooling the lubricant from the lubricant tank.
-Lubricant flow rate from the auxiliary tank to the subsequent drawing line: 7.5 liters / minute-Lubricant flow rate from the lubricant tank to the previous drawing part: 7.5 liters / minute-Lubricant amount in the auxiliary tank: 120 liters (stop time in auxiliary tank: 16 minutes)
The temperature T 3 = 20 ° C. of the lubricant supplied to the wire drawing machine (adjusted to be equal to T 1 in Example 1)
・ Lubricant temperature T 4 supplied to the former wire drawing section = about 40 ° C. (equivalent to the inside of the lubricant tank)
The temperature T 5 of the lubricant returned to the lubricant tank = about 30 ° C.
4). Conditions of Comparative Example 1 As shown in FIG. 4, the lubricant is circulated between the wire drawing machine and the auxiliary tank. Cooled lubricant is supplied to the entire wire drawing section of the wire drawing machine (no temperature adjustment by the lubricant tank)
・ Lubricant flow rate: 15 liters / minute (the same amount of lubricant under common conditions)
・ Amount of lubricant in auxiliary tank: 240 liters (stop time in auxiliary tank: 32 minutes)
The temperature T 6 of the lubricant supplied to the wire drawing machine = 20 ° C. (adjusted to be equal to T 1 in Example 1)
-Lubricant temperature T 7 = 22 ° C returned to the auxiliary tank
5. Conditions of Comparative Example 1 As shown in FIG. 5, the lubricant is circulated between the wire drawing machine and the lubricant tank without passing the cooling means.
・ Lubricant flow rate and amount of lubricant in the lubricant tank are the same as common conditions.
The temperature T 8 of the lubricant supplied to the wire drawing machine = 20 ° C. (same as T 1 in Example 1)
The temperature T 9 of the lubricant returned to the lubricant tank = about 43 ° C.
As is apparent from the table of FIG. 3, in Examples 1 and 2, in which the lubricant is appropriately cooled and the retention time of the lubricant at a low temperature is short according to the present invention, even if the wire drawing is continued for a long time. Since good lubricity is maintained, compared to Comparative Example 1 in which the lubricant is not cooled, the average emulsion diameter is also small, and not only the effect of improving ductility by cooling is large, but also the effect of improving ductility continues. Was confirmed. Further, in Example 2, the temperature of the lubricant returning from the wire drawing machine was closer to the temperature of the lubricant in the lubricant tank than in Example 1, so that the temperature adjustment of the lubricant in the lubricant tank was easy.
On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1 in which the temperature is not adjusted in the lubricant tank, the effect of improving the ductility by cooling is seen at the start of wire drawing, but if the wire drawing is continued for a long time, the emulsion diameter becomes coarse and the lubricity is increased. The ductility of the steel wire also decreased.

本発明によれば、長時間に亘ってエマルジョン径の小さな潤滑剤を伸線機に供給することができるので、金属線材表面の酸化や時効硬化による延性劣化を大幅に抑制することができる。また、本発明の湿式伸線方法を、スチールコード用黄銅メッキ鋼線の製造に適用すれば、高強度鋼線の伸線や高速伸線を容易に行うことが可能となる。   According to the present invention, since a lubricant having a small emulsion diameter can be supplied to a wire drawing machine over a long period of time, ductility deterioration due to oxidation or age hardening of the surface of a metal wire can be significantly suppressed. Moreover, if the wet wire drawing method of the present invention is applied to the manufacture of a brass-plated steel wire for steel cords, it becomes possible to easily draw a high-strength steel wire or draw it at high speed.

本発明の最良の形態に係る金属線材の湿式伸線方法を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the wet wire-drawing method of the metal wire which concerns on the best form of this invention. 本発明による金属線材の湿式伸線方法の他の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other example of the wet drawing method of the metal wire by this invention. 本発明の実施例及び比較例の条件と製造されたスチールコード用黄銅メッキ高強度鋼線の延性を比較した表である。It is the table | surface which compared the conditions of the Example and comparative example of this invention, and the ductility of the brass-plated high strength steel wire for manufactured steel cords. 比較例１の湿式伸線方法を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the wet wire-drawing method of the comparative example 1. 比較例２の湿式伸線方法を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the wet wire-drawing method of the comparative example 2.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 伸線機、１１ 線引きダイス、１２ 潤滑液槽、
１３ スチールコード用黄銅メッキ鋼線，１４ａ，１４ｂ 駆動キャプスタン、
２０ 潤滑剤タンク、３０ 冷却手段、３１ 補助タンク，３２ 冷却機。
10 wire drawing machine, 11 wire drawing die, 12 lubricating liquid tank,
13 Brass-plated steel wire for steel cord, 14a, 14b Drive capstan,
20 lubricant tank, 30 cooling means, 31 auxiliary tank, 32 cooler.

Claims (3)

予め冷却した、油成分をエマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤を、多段式伸線機の少なくとも一部に供給して金属線材を伸線加工する湿式伸線方法であって、上記潤滑剤を、上記伸線機とこの伸線機に潤滑剤を供給する潤滑剤タンクとの間で循環させるとともに、潤滑剤タンクから伸線機に至る経路に冷却手段を設けて上記伸線機に供給される潤滑剤の温度を５℃〜３０℃とし、同時に、上記潤滑剤タンク内の潤滑剤の温度を３５℃〜６０℃に保持するようにしたことを特徴とする金属線材の湿式伸線方法。   A wet-drawing method in which a water-based lubricant in which an oil component is emulsified and dispersed in advance is supplied to at least a part of a multi-stage wire drawing machine to draw a metal wire. Circulate between the wire drawing machine and a lubricant tank for supplying a lubricant to the wire drawing machine, and a cooling means is provided in a path from the lubricant tank to the wire drawing machine to be supplied to the wire drawing machine. The method of wet wire drawing of a metal wire, characterized in that the temperature of the lubricant is 5 to 30 ° C. and at the same time the temperature of the lubricant in the lubricant tank is maintained at 35 to 60 ° C. 上記潤滑剤が上記冷却手段から上記伸線機に移送される時間を３時間以下としたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の金属線材の湿式伸線方法。   2. The wet wire drawing method for a metal wire according to claim 1, wherein the time for which the lubricant is transferred from the cooling means to the wire drawing machine is 3 hours or less. 上記冷却された潤滑剤を、最終伸線部を含む後段の伸線部に供給し、他の伸線部には、上記冷却手段を経由しない潤滑剤を供給するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の金属線材の湿式伸線方法。
The cooled lubricant is supplied to a subsequent drawing portion including the final drawing portion, and a lubricant that does not pass through the cooling means is supplied to the other drawing portions. A wet wire drawing method for a metal wire according to claim 1 or 2.
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JP2011147994A (en) * 2010-01-25 2011-08-04 Bridgestone Corp Method for drawing brass-plated steel wire
CN104384213A (en) * 2014-01-08 2015-03-04 江苏欣宏泰机电有限公司 Multi-head wire drawing machine capable of drawing wires with different wire diameters
CN104384210A (en) * 2014-08-28 2015-03-04 四川顶锐液压设备制造有限公司 Cable drawing machine for producing hydraulic system service cable
CN104289540A (en) * 2014-09-11 2015-01-21 江苏佳成科技股份有限公司 Eye mold base in multiple-head wire drawing machine
CN105750344A (en) * 2016-04-17 2016-07-13 王振振 Water-cooling wire drawing machine with ventilation device
CN106583474A (en) * 2016-12-15 2017-04-26 耒阳市诚松新材料有限公司 Water tank wire-drawing device
CN108746233A (en) * 2018-08-23 2018-11-06 重庆永富电线电缆有限公司 Water tank drawbench group
CN110743924A (en) * 2019-10-23 2020-02-04 海盐建浩金属股份有限公司 Liquid lubrication wire drawing device
CN110743924B (en) * 2019-10-23 2021-08-31 海盐建浩金属股份有限公司 Liquid lubrication wire drawing device
CN110918660A (en) * 2019-12-02 2020-03-27 湖南黔陵电线电缆科技有限公司 Copper core wire drawing equipment
CN110918660B (en) * 2019-12-02 2021-07-13 湖南黔陵电线电缆科技有限公司 Copper core wire drawing equipment
CN112474849A (en) * 2020-11-21 2021-03-12 张家港市三元泰机械设备有限公司 Vertical water tank wire drawing machine
CN114011894A (en) * 2021-10-28 2022-02-08 保定天威线材制造有限公司 Processing device and method for drawing machine emulsion for producing electromagnetic wire bare conductor
CN115007671A (en) * 2022-08-04 2022-09-06 江苏兴海特钢有限公司 Wire drawing machine for drawing treatment of welding wire special for nuclear power

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