JP2006282865A - Gas hydrate regasification system - Google Patents

Gas hydrate regasification system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2006282865A
JP2006282865A JP2005104927A JP2005104927A JP2006282865A JP 2006282865 A JP2006282865 A JP 2006282865A JP 2005104927 A JP2005104927 A JP 2005104927A JP 2005104927 A JP2005104927 A JP 2005104927A JP 2006282865 A JP2006282865 A JP 2006282865A
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gas hydrate
facility
regasification
heat exchanger
heat pump
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JP4526994B2 (en
Inventor
Shigeru Nanbara
滋 南原
Masashi Murata
真史 村田
Shigeru Nagamori
茂 永森
Kazuo Uchida
和男 内田
Takeshi Suzuki
鈴木　　剛
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2315/00—Sorption refrigeration cycles or details thereof
    • F25B2315/003—Hydrates for sorption cycles

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas hydrate regasification system capable of efficiently carrying out gas hydrate regasification by using a heat pump. <P>SOLUTION: The gas hydrate regasification system having a heat pump is equipped with a gas hydrate storage facility, a gas hydrate regasification facility, a heat exchanger, a compressor and an expansion valve, and the heat pump is piped so that the gas hydrate storage facility, the gas hydrate regasification facility and the heat exchanger are connected in parallel and two of the compressor and the expansion valve are piped so as to alternately and serially be connected to two selected from the gas hydrate storage facility, gas hydrate regasification facility and the heat exchanger and three kinds of serial connections are changed with a valve and the gas hydrate storage facility or the gas hydrate regasification facility serially connected are each piped so as to enable cooling or heating. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、ヒートポンプを備えたガスハイドレート再ガス化システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a gas hydrate regasification system equipped with a heat pump.

ガスハイドレートは、水分子のつくるクラスター中にガスが取り込まれた包接水和物である。大気圧では、−２０℃で固体として安定であり、ガスの輸送形態として非常に適している。そして、ガスが必要になった時には、効率よくガスハイドレートを分解しガスを発生させるため、ガスハイドレートを加温・加熱すればよい。（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開２００５−６８２１２ Gas hydrate is an clathrate hydrate in which gas is taken into clusters formed by water molecules. At atmospheric pressure, it is stable as a solid at −20 ° C. and is very suitable as a gas transport form. And when gas is needed, in order to decompose | disassemble gas hydrate efficiently and generate | occur | produce gas, what is necessary is just to heat and heat gas hydrate. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
JP-A-2005-68212

ガスハイドレート再ガス化システムでは、比較的外気温が高い時期には、外気から温熱を供給してガスを発生させることができるが、冬期など、外気温の低い場合、再ガス化能力が低下する場合がある。逆に、真夏など、外気温が高い場合、急激なガス化が起き、ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備内のガス圧が高くなる恐れがある。   In the gas hydrate regasification system, when the outside air temperature is relatively high, heat can be supplied from the outside air to generate gas. However, when the outside air temperature is low, such as in winter, the regasification capacity decreases. There is a case. Conversely, when the outside air temperature is high, such as in midsummer, rapid gasification may occur, and the gas pressure in the gas hydrate storage facility may increase.

そこで、本発明は、ヒートポンプを用いて、効率よくガスハイドレート再ガス化を行うことができるガスハイドレート再ガス化システムを提供することを目的とする。   Then, an object of this invention is to provide the gas hydrate regasification system which can perform gas hydrate regasification efficiently using a heat pump.

本発明にかかるガスハイドレート再ガス化システムは、ヒートポンプを備えたガスハイドレート再ガス化システムであって、ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備と、ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備と、熱交換器と、圧縮機と、膨張弁と、を備え、前記ヒートポンプは、前記ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備と、前記ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備と、前記熱交換器とが並列接続されるように配管され、前記圧縮機と前記膨張弁の２つが、前記ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備と、前記ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備と、前記熱交換器のうちのいずれの２つとも、交互に直列接続されるように配管され、前記３通りの直列接続を弁で切り替えて、該直列接続されているガスハイドレート貯蔵設備またはガスハイドレート再ガス化設備を、それぞれ冷却または加熱できるように配弁されていることを特徴とする。なお、前記ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備が、第２の熱交換器と接続されていてもよい。   A gas hydrate regasification system according to the present invention is a gas hydrate regasification system equipped with a heat pump, and includes a gas hydrate storage facility, a gas hydrate regasification facility, a heat exchanger, and a compression And the expansion valve, and the heat pump is piped so that the gas hydrate storage facility, the gas hydrate regasification facility, and the heat exchanger are connected in parallel, and the compressor And two of the expansion valves are piped so that any two of the gas hydrate storage facility, the gas hydrate regasification facility, and the heat exchanger are alternately connected in series, The three series connections can be switched by a valve to cool or heat the gas hydrate storage equipment or gas hydrate regasification equipment connected in series. Characterized in that it is Haiben as. The gas hydrate regasification facility may be connected to the second heat exchanger.

前記ガスハイドレートは天然ガスハイドレートであることが好ましい。   The gas hydrate is preferably natural gas hydrate.

本発明によって、ヒートポンプを用いて、効率よくガスハイドレート再ガス化を行うことができるガスハイドレート再ガス化システムを提供することが可能になる。   The present invention makes it possible to provide a gas hydrate regasification system that can efficiently perform gas hydrate regasification using a heat pump.

以下、好ましい実施の形態につき、添付図面を用いて詳細に説明するが、以下は本発明を実現化するための例であって、本発明を以下の実施形態に限定する意図で記載するものではない。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the following are examples for realizing the present invention, and are not intended to describe the present invention with the intention of limiting the present invention to the following embodiments. Absent.

＝＝ガスハイドレート再ガス化システムの構成＝＝
本発明にかかるヒートポンプを備えたガスハイドレート再ガス化システムは、ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２、ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４、熱交換器１６、圧縮機１８、膨張弁２０等を備える。ヒートポンプは、ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２とガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４と熱交換器１６とが並列接続されるように配管され、圧縮機１８と膨張弁２０の２つが、（１）ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２と熱交換器１６（２）ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４と熱交換器１６（３）ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２とガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４のそれぞれに対し、交互に直列接続されるように配管されている。また、ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２からガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４へ、貯蔵ガス用パイプが接続されており（図示せず）、ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２中のガスハイドレートはガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４内でガス化され、生じたガスを利用できるように構成されている。 == Configuration of gas hydrate regasification system ==
A gas hydrate regasification system including a heat pump according to the present invention includes a gas hydrate storage facility 12, a gas hydrate regasification facility 14, a heat exchanger 16, a compressor 18, an expansion valve 20, and the like. The heat pump is piped so that the gas hydrate storage facility 12, the gas hydrate regasification facility 14, and the heat exchanger 16 are connected in parallel, and the compressor 18 and the expansion valve 20 include (1) gas hydrate. Rate storage facility 12 and heat exchanger 16 (2) gas hydrate regasification facility 14 and heat exchanger 16 (3) gas hydrate storage facility 12 and gas hydrate regasification facility 14 alternately It is piped to be connected in series. Further, a pipe for storage gas is connected from the gas hydrate storage facility 12 to the gas hydrate regasification facility 14 (not shown), and the gas hydrate in the gas hydrate storage facility 12 is gas hydrate recycle. It is configured so that the gas generated in the gasification facility 14 can be used.

図１及び２に配管例を挙げるが、配管の仕方については、この例に限らず、上述した接続条件を満たすものであればよい。例えば、図１及び図２では、圧縮機１８側と膨張弁２０側で左右対称の構成となっているが、圧縮機１８側が図１の構成で膨張弁２０側が図２の構成というように、左右非対称の構成を取っていてもよい。また、ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２とガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４と熱交換器１６とが並列接続されているので、それらの配管構成上の位置は、相互に交換可能である。   Examples of piping are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the piping method is not limited to this example, and any piping that satisfies the above-described connection conditions may be used. For example, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the compressor 18 side and the expansion valve 20 side are symmetrically configured, but the compressor 18 side is the configuration of FIG. 1 and the expansion valve 20 side is the configuration of FIG. You may take the asymmetrical structure. Moreover, since the gas hydrate storage facility 12, the gas hydrate regasification facility 14, and the heat exchanger 16 are connected in parallel, their positions on the piping configuration can be interchanged.

また、ヒートポンプを構成する圧縮機１８及び膨張弁２０の数は、それぞれ１つであっても複数であっても構わないが、システムの単純化という意味で、それぞれ１つずつであることが好ましい。   Further, the number of the compressors 18 and the expansion valves 20 constituting the heat pump may be one or plural, but each is preferably one in the sense of simplifying the system. .

＝＝ヒートポンプの切り替え＝＝
以上のように接続したガスハイドレート再ガス化システムにおいて、弁２２を用いて配管を切り替えることにより、ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備を冷却したり、ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備を加熱したり、両方を同時に行ったりすることができるように配弁する。 == Switching of heat pump ==
In the gas hydrate regasification system connected as described above, by switching the piping using the valve 22, the gas hydrate regasification equipment is cooled, the gas hydrate regasification equipment is heated, Arrange to be able to do both at the same time.

この弁２２の切り替えは、手動で行ってもよいが、コンピュータで自動制御させるのが好ましい。また、外気などの条件によって、自動的に切り替わるようにしても構わない。   The switching of the valve 22 may be performed manually, but is preferably automatically controlled by a computer. Moreover, you may make it switch automatically according to conditions, such as external air.

図１及び図２に配弁例を挙げるが、配弁の仕方については、この例に限らず、上述の切り替えができるものであればよく、その数も限定されない。また、弁の種類は、電磁弁や三方弁が好ましいが、それに限らない。   1 and 2 show examples of valve arrangements. The method of valve arrangements is not limited to this example, and any number can be used as long as the above-described switching can be performed, and the number thereof is not limited. The type of valve is preferably a solenoid valve or a three-way valve, but is not limited thereto.

＝＝ヒートポンプの利用方法＝＝
各図Ａに示されているように弁２２を切り替えた場合（実施形態Ａ）、ヒートポンプ管２４中の冷媒は、｛ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２−圧縮機１８−熱交換器１６−膨張弁２０−ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２−・・・｝という順序で循環する。即ち、圧縮機１８から吐出された高温高圧の冷媒は、熱交換器１６で排熱して温度が低下し、膨張弁２０で減圧されて低温低圧の冷媒となり、ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２を冷却して熱を得て、再び圧縮機１８に入る。 == How to use heat pump ==
When the valve 22 is switched as shown in FIG. A (Embodiment A), the refrigerant in the heat pump pipe 24 is {gas hydrate storage equipment 12-compressor 18-heat exchanger 16-expansion valve 20 -Circulate in order of gas hydrate storage equipment 12 -...}. That is, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 18 is exhausted by the heat exchanger 16 and the temperature is lowered. The refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion valve 20 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and cools the gas hydrate storage facility 12. Then, it gets heat and enters the compressor 18 again.

各図Ｂに示されているように弁２２を切り替えた場合（実施形態Ｂ）、ヒートポンプ管２４中の冷媒は、｛ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４−膨張弁２０−熱交換器１６−圧縮機１８−ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４−・・・｝という順序で循環する。即ち、圧縮機１８から吐出された高温高圧の冷媒は、ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１２を加熱して熱を失い、膨張弁２０で減圧されて低温低圧の冷媒となり、熱交換器１６で加熱されて熱を得て、再び圧縮機１８に入る。   When the valve 22 is switched as shown in each figure B (embodiment B), the refrigerant in the heat pump pipe 24 is {gas hydrate regasification equipment 14-expansion valve 20-heat exchanger 16-compression. It circulates in the order of machine 18-gas hydrate regasification equipment 14-. That is, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 18 heats the gas hydrate regasification facility 12 and loses heat, and is decompressed by the expansion valve 20 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and is heated by the heat exchanger 16. Then, it gets heat and enters the compressor 18 again.

各図Ｃに示されているように弁２２を切り替えた場合（実施形態Ｃ）、ヒートポンプ管２４中の冷媒は、｛ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４−膨張弁２０−ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２−圧縮機１８−ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４−・・・｝という順序で循環する。即ち、圧縮機１８から吐出された高温高圧の冷媒は、ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備１４を加熱して熱を失い、膨張弁２０で減圧されて低温低圧の冷媒となり、ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備１２を冷却して熱を得て、再び圧縮機１８に入る。   When the valve 22 is switched as shown in each figure C (embodiment C), the refrigerant in the heat pump pipe 24 is {gas hydrate regasification equipment 14-expansion valve 20-gas hydrate storage equipment 12 Circulate in the order of compressor 18-gas hydrate regasification facility 14-. That is, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 18 heats the gas hydrate regasification facility 14 and loses heat, and is decompressed by the expansion valve 20 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, so that the gas hydrate storage facility 12 Is cooled to obtain heat and enters the compressor 18 again.

＝＝ガスハイドレート再ガス化システムの利用方法＝＝
ガスを天然ガスにすることによって、天然ガスハイドレートの形態で天然ガスエネルギーを容易に貯蔵・運搬することができる。天然ガスを使用する時は、ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備で天然ガスハイドレートをガス化すればよい。 == How to use the gas hydrate regasification system ==
By using natural gas as the gas, natural gas energy can be easily stored and transported in the form of natural gas hydrate. When natural gas is used, the natural gas hydrate may be gasified with a gas hydrate regasification facility.

外気温度が高い夏季や、長期間ガス消費がない場合、天然ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備の温度が上昇したり、圧力が上昇したりすることが考えられる。そのような場合、実施形態Ａで示したように弁を切り替え、ヒートポンプにより天然ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備を冷却することにより、天然ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備の温度や圧力を低下させることができる。この場合、熱交換器からの排熱を、例えば、給湯などに利用することが可能である。 In the summer when the outside air temperature is high or when there is no gas consumption for a long time, the temperature of the natural gas hydrate storage facility may increase or the pressure may increase. In such a case, the temperature and pressure of the natural gas hydrate storage facility can be lowered by switching the valve as shown in Embodiment A and cooling the natural gas hydrate storage facility with a heat pump. In this case, the exhaust heat from the heat exchanger can be used for, for example, hot water supply .

外気温度が低い冬季などには、通常外気で天然ガスハイドレートを再ガス化する天然ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備での再ガス化の効率が低下する。そのような場合、実施形態Ｂで示したように弁を切り替え、ヒートポンプにより天然ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備を加熱することにより、再ガス化の効率を上げることができる。この場合、熱交換器で放出される冷熱は、例えば、スキー場の人工降雪機の冷熱源などに利用することが可能である。   In winter, when the outside air temperature is low, the efficiency of regasification in a natural gas hydrate regasification facility that regasifies natural gas hydrate with normal outside air is reduced. In such a case, the efficiency of regasification can be increased by switching the valve as shown in Embodiment B and heating the natural gas hydrate regasification facility with a heat pump. In this case, the cold heat released by the heat exchanger can be used, for example, as a cold heat source of an artificial snow machine at a ski resort.

また、熱交換器などから放出される熱あるいは冷熱が必要とされないような場合、実施形態Ｃで示したように弁を切り替え、ヒートポンプにより天然ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備を冷却しながら天然ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備を加熱することもできる。   In addition, when heat or cold heat released from a heat exchanger or the like is not required, the valve is switched as shown in Embodiment C, and the natural gas hydrate storage facility is cooled while the natural gas hydrate storage facility is cooled by the heat pump. The gasification facility can also be heated.

以上をまとめると、例えば、外気温度との関係で、表１のようなパターンで、弁を切り替えることも可能である。

Figure 2006282865
In summary, for example, the valves can be switched in the pattern shown in Table 1 in relation to the outside air temperature.
Figure 2006282865

本発明にかかる実施の形態において、ガスハイドレート再ガス化システムにおけるヒートポンプ配管の一例である。実線は、弁の切り替えによって実際にヒートポンプ内で冷媒を循環させる経路を表す。点線は、その時に使われない配管を表す。In embodiment concerning this invention, it is an example of the heat pump piping in a gas hydrate regasification system. A solid line represents a path for actually circulating the refrigerant in the heat pump by switching the valves. The dotted line represents piping that is not used at that time. 本発明にかかる実施の形態において、ガスハイドレート再ガス化システムにおけるヒートポンプ配管の他の一例である。実線は、弁の切り替えによって実際にヒートポンプ内で冷媒を循環させる経路を表す。点線は、その時に使われない配管を表す。In embodiment concerning this invention, it is another example of the heat pump piping in a gas hydrate regasification system. A solid line represents a path for actually circulating the refrigerant in the heat pump by switching the valves. The dotted line represents piping that is not used at that time.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１２ ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備
１４ ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備
１６ 熱交換器
１８ 圧縮機
２０ 膨張弁
２２ 弁
２４ ヒートポンプ管 12 Gas Hydrate Storage Equipment 14 Gas Hydrate Regasification Equipment 16 Heat Exchanger 18 Compressor 20 Expansion Valve 22 Valve 24 Heat Pump Tube

Claims (3)

ヒートポンプを備えたガスハイドレート再ガス化システムであって、
ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備と、ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備と、熱交換器と、圧縮機と、膨張弁と、を備え、
前記ヒートポンプは、
前記ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備と、前記ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備と、前記熱交換器とが並列接続されるように配管され、
前記圧縮機と前記膨張弁の２つが、前記ガスハイドレート貯蔵設備と、前記ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備と、前記熱交換器のうちのいずれの２つとも、交互に直列接続されるように配管され、
前記３通りの直列接続を弁で切り替えて、該直列接続されているガスハイドレート貯蔵設備またはガスハイドレート再ガス化設備を、それぞれ冷却または加熱できるように配弁されていることを特徴とするガスハイドレート再ガス化システム。 A gas hydrate regasification system with a heat pump,
A gas hydrate storage facility, a gas hydrate regasification facility, a heat exchanger, a compressor, and an expansion valve,
The heat pump
The gas hydrate storage facility, the gas hydrate regasification facility, and the heat exchanger are piped to be connected in parallel,
Two of the compressor and the expansion valve are alternately connected in series with any two of the gas hydrate storage facility, the gas hydrate regasification facility, and the heat exchanger. Piped,
The three series connections are switched by a valve, and the gas hydrate storage facility or gas hydrate regasification facility connected in series is arranged so as to be cooled or heated, respectively. Gas hydrate regasification system. 前記ガスハイドレート再ガス化設備が、第２の熱交換器と接続されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のガスハイドレート再ガス化システム。   The gas hydrate regasification system according to claim 1, wherein the gas hydrate regasification facility is connected to a second heat exchanger. 前記ガスハイドレートが天然ガスハイドレートであることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載のガスハイドレート再ガス化システム。

The gas hydrate regasification system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gas hydrate is natural gas hydrate.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101110318B1 (en) 2008-12-08 2012-02-15 한국생산기술연구원 fuel supply system for natural gas hydrate

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0711320B2 (en) * 1992-03-03 1995-02-08 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Liquefied natural gas storage system
JP2004256619A (en) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-16 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Method for producing and storing gas hydrate
JP2006284099A (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-19 Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The Cold supply system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0711320B2 (en) * 1992-03-03 1995-02-08 大阪瓦斯株式会社 Liquefied natural gas storage system
JP2004256619A (en) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-16 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Method for producing and storing gas hydrate
JP2006284099A (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-19 Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The Cold supply system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101110318B1 (en) 2008-12-08 2012-02-15 한국생산기술연구원 fuel supply system for natural gas hydrate

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