JP2006265637A - Sn BASED PLATED STEEL SHEET HAVING SOLDERABILITY, CORROSION RESISTANCE AND WHISKER RESISTANCE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME - Google Patents

Sn BASED PLATED STEEL SHEET HAVING SOLDERABILITY, CORROSION RESISTANCE AND WHISKER RESISTANCE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME Download PDF

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JP2006265637A
JP2006265637A JP2005085823A JP2005085823A JP2006265637A JP 2006265637 A JP2006265637 A JP 2006265637A JP 2005085823 A JP2005085823 A JP 2005085823A JP 2005085823 A JP2005085823 A JP 2005085823A JP 2006265637 A JP2006265637 A JP 2006265637A
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steel sheet
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plating layer
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JP5261859B2 (en
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Takumi Tanaka
田中  匠
Takeshi Suzuki
威 鈴木
Tomofumi Shigekuni
智文 重国
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JFE Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an Sn based steel sheet having excellent wettability in Pb-free soldering, i.e., solderability without using Pb (lead) and Cr (chromium) and further having excellent corrosion resistance and whisker resistance even in a severe worked part, and to provide a method for producing the same. <P>SOLUTION: In the Sn based plated steel sheet, the surface of a steel sheet is provided with an Ni and Sn-containing plating layer obtained by forming an Ni based plating layer in 0.02 to 4.4 g/m<SP>2</SP>by the coating weigh of Ni, thereafter forming an Sn based plating layer in 5.0 to 20 g/m<SP>2</SP>by the coating weight of Sn, and subsequently performing molten tin treatment, and the surface of the plating layer is provided with a P and Si-containing chemical film in which the coating weight of P is 0.5 to 10 mg/m<SP>2</SP>and the coating weight of Si is 3 to 60 mg/m<SP>2</SP>. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、家電製品のシャーシーや部品ケース等に用いられる半田付け性、耐ホイスカー性を要求される鋼板に関するものであって、特に、Pb(鉛)を含まないPbフリー半田に対する濡れ性である半田付け性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性に優れるSn(錫)系めっき鋼板並びにその製造方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a steel sheet that requires solderability and whisker resistance used in a chassis or a component case of a home appliance, and particularly has wettability to Pb-free solder that does not contain Pb (lead). The present invention relates to a Sn (tin) plated steel sheet having excellent solderability, corrosion resistance and whisker resistance, and a method for producing the same.

家電製品や電機製品に用いられる鋼板は、その設置先において、半田により各種部品と接合される場合がある。このようなコネクターや部品ケース等に用いられる鋼板には、半田接合を良好に行うために、半田との濡れ性を向上させる表面処理が施されているのが通例である。この表面処理に利用される、例えばSn−Pb合金めっき皮膜は、鋼板に良好な半田濡れ性を付与し、またホイスカーを発生しないため、この皮膜をめっきした鋼板は、従来、家電製品や電機製品等に広く用いられてきた。   Steel plates used for home appliances and electrical products may be joined to various parts by soldering at the installation destination. Steel sheets used for such connectors and component cases are usually subjected to a surface treatment that improves wettability with solder in order to achieve good solder joints. For example, the Sn-Pb alloy plating film used for this surface treatment imparts good solder wettability to the steel sheet and does not generate whiskers. Have been widely used.

ここで、ホイスカーとは、SnやZnなどの金属より自然に発生、成長するひげ状結晶のことである。このホイスカーが成長して他の部品に接触するか、あるいは振動や空気流などにより折れて電気回路上に落下すると、回路の短絡の原因になる。従って、家電製品や電機製品等には、ホイスカーを発生しない表面処理を施した鋼板を用いる必要がある。   Here, the whisker is a whisker-like crystal that is naturally generated and grows from a metal such as Sn or Zn. If this whisker grows up and comes into contact with other parts, or breaks due to vibration or air flow and falls onto an electric circuit, it causes a short circuit. Therefore, it is necessary to use a steel sheet that has been subjected to a surface treatment that does not generate whiskers for home appliances, electrical appliances, and the like.

ところで、近年、廃棄された工業製品の部品に含まれるPbが、雨などに曝される事により溶出し、土壌汚染の原因となることが指摘されている。また、Pbで汚染された地下水を飲用することによりPbが人体に蓄積され、疼痛、知能障害、精神不安定などの中毒症状を引き起こす。このため、世界的にPbの使用を規制しようとする機運が高まってきており、Pbを含有する製品の代替品開発が産業上非常に重要となってきている。   By the way, in recent years, it has been pointed out that Pb contained in discarded industrial product parts is eluted by exposure to rain or the like and causes soil contamination. In addition, drinking Pb-contaminated groundwater causes Pb to accumulate in the human body, causing toxic symptoms such as pain, intellectual disability, and mental instability. For this reason, there is a growing momentum to regulate the use of Pb worldwide, and the development of substitutes for products containing Pb has become very important in industry.

これまで、半田にはSn−Pb合金が用いられてきたが、上記の理由から、Pbを含まない半田、つまりPbフリー半田として、Sn−Ag−Cu系等の合金が開発され、用いられるようになってきている。前述のように、半田との間で良好な濡れ性が必要とされる鋼板には、Sn−Pb合金皮膜を形成した鋼板が用いられてきたが、Pbを含有する半田とともに、このPbを含有する表面処理鋼板もその代替品が求められている。すなわち、皮膜中にPbを含まず、Pbフリー半田とも良好な濡れ性を備え、かつホイスカーの発生の無い、耐ホイスカー性に優れる表面処理鋼板が必要とされている。   So far, Sn-Pb alloy has been used for solder, but for the above reasons, Sn-Ag-Cu based alloys have been developed and used as Pb-free solder, that is, Pb-free solder. It is becoming. As described above, a steel sheet in which a Sn-Pb alloy film is formed has been used for a steel sheet that requires good wettability with the solder, but this Pb is contained together with the solder containing Pb. The surface-treated steel sheet is also required to be an alternative. That is, there is a need for a surface-treated steel sheet that does not contain Pb in the film, has good wettability with Pb-free solder, has no whisker, and has excellent whisker resistance.

さらに、従来のSn−Pb合金めっき材では、表面にクロメート処理がなされているが、家電業界では有害な6価Crを使用しない方向にあるため、新たな半田付け用の鋼板にはクロメート処理以外の化成処理を使用することが望まれている。   In addition, the conventional Sn-Pb alloy plating material has a chromate treatment on the surface, but since there is a tendency not to use hexavalent Cr, which is harmful in the home electronics industry, new steel plates for soldering other than the chromate treatment It is desirable to use a chemical conversion treatment.

ここで、Pbを含まずかつ半田濡れ性のある表面処理を施した鋼板としては、特許文献1および2に、鋼板側から順に、Niめっき、1.0g/m2以上のSnめっき、そしてZnめっきを施した後、加熱処理によって該めっき層を合金化させ、Sn−Zn、Zn−Ni、Sn−NiおよびFe−Ni合金を主体とする皮膜を形成させ、さらにクロメート皮膜を付着させたことを特徴とする、耐ホイスカー性並びに半田性に優れた表面処理鋼板が開示されている。しかし、この鋼板は、耐ホイスカー性は良いものの、Pbフリー半田との濡れ性に劣り、またクロメート皮膜を有するために前記の要求を満足するものではなかった。 Here, as steel sheets not containing Pb and subjected to surface treatment with solder wettability, Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe, in order from the steel sheet side, Ni plating, Sn plating of 1.0 g / m 2 or more, and Zn plating. After that, the plating layer was alloyed by heat treatment to form a film mainly composed of Sn-Zn, Zn-Ni, Sn-Ni, and Fe-Ni alloy, and a chromate film was further adhered. Disclosed is a surface-treated steel sheet having excellent whisker resistance and solderability. However, although this steel plate has good whisker resistance, it has poor wettability with Pb-free solder and does not satisfy the above requirements because it has a chromate film.

また、特許文献3には、SnめっきまたはSn合金めっきの表面にCrを含有させず、Siを含有する後処理皮膜を有する表面処理鋼板が開示されているが、鋼板とSn系めっき層との密着性が悪く、またPbフリー半田付け性にも問題があった。   Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a surface-treated steel sheet having a post-treatment film containing Si without containing Cr on the surface of Sn plating or Sn alloy plating. Adhesion was poor and Pb-free solderability was also a problem.

一方、鋼板表面上にSnめっきを施した、いわゆるSnめっき鋼板についても、半田付け用鋼板として用いられる際にホイスカーの発生が問題となることがあり、耐ホイスカー性の改善が求められていた。   On the other hand, the so-called Sn-plated steel sheet in which Sn plating is performed on the surface of the steel sheet may cause a problem of whisker when used as a steel sheet for soldering, and improvement of whisker resistance has been demanded.

Sn−Pb合金半田はPbを37mass%含有するもので融点が184℃と低いが、これに比べてPbフリー半田として使用されているSn−Ag−Cu合金などは融点が高いため、半田付け作業性が悪くなっている。このため、半田付け用の鋼板には、従来以上に優れた半田付け性が要求されている。   Sn-Pb alloy solder contains 37 mass% of Pb and has a melting point as low as 184 ° C. Compared to this, Sn-Ag-Cu alloy used as Pb-free solder has a high melting point, so soldering work Sex is getting worse. For this reason, the steel plate for soldering is required to have better solderability than ever before.

そこで、発明者らは、Pbフリー半田の主成分であるSnを主体とするSnめっきを基に、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、溶錫処理によって形成されたFe−Sn合金層を介して所定量のSnめっき層を有し、その上層に、PとSiを含有した化成皮膜を形成した場合には、半田付け性が向上することを見出し、特許文献4等で開示した。   Accordingly, the inventors have conducted extensive research to solve the above problems based on Sn plating mainly composed of Sn, which is the main component of Pb-free solder. As a result, Fe-Sn alloys formed by molten tin treatment are used. When a predetermined amount of Sn plating layer is provided through the layer, and a chemical conversion film containing P and Si is formed on the upper layer, it has been found that solderability is improved and disclosed in Patent Document 4 and the like .

より具体的には、Snめっき層の上層に、好ましくはPと、シランカップリング剤およびアルコキシシランの1種または2種以上とを含有する化成処理液により、適正量のPとSiを含有する化成皮膜を形成することによって、Pbフリー半田との優れた濡れ性が得られ、特にこの化成皮膜が有効な保護皮膜として経時劣化を抑制するので、加速劣化試験後においてもPbフリー半田との優れた濡れ性が確保され、加えて、この化成皮膜によって十分な耐食性および耐ホイスカー性が得られることを示した。
特公平6-99837号公報 特公平6-33466号公報 特開2001-32085号公報 特開2004-60053号公報
More specifically, an appropriate amount of P and Si is contained in the upper layer of the Sn plating layer, preferably by chemical conversion treatment liquid containing P and one or more of silane coupling agent and alkoxysilane. By forming a chemical film, excellent wettability with Pb-free solder is obtained, and especially this chemical film is an effective protective film that suppresses deterioration over time, so it is excellent with Pb-free solder even after accelerated deterioration testing. It was shown that the wettability was ensured, and in addition, sufficient corrosion resistance and whisker resistance were obtained by this chemical conversion film.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-99837 Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-33466 JP 2001-32085 JP JP 2004-60053 A

前述のように、半田付け用鋼板には、高い耐ホイスカー性が要求されるが、これはホイスカーが発生すると、ホイスカーが電子回路を短絡させて誤作動させることがあり、電気・電子製品が機能不全に至る危険があるためである。半田付け用鋼板は、プレス加工等で部品に加工されるが、加工が厳しい場合には表面の化成皮膜に損傷を受け、損傷部分での耐ホイスカー性が劣化することがある。   As described above, steel sheets for soldering require high whisker resistance, but when a whisker is generated, the whisker may cause an electronic circuit to short circuit and malfunction, and electrical and electronic products function. This is because there is a risk of failure. The steel plate for soldering is processed into parts by press working or the like, but if the processing is severe, the chemical conversion film on the surface may be damaged, and the whisker resistance at the damaged portion may be deteriorated.

この発明の目的は、環境上の問題から望ましくないとされるPb(鉛)およびCr(クロム)を使用することなく、Pbフリー半田付けにおける濡れ性、いわゆる半田付け性に優れ、さらに耐食性および厳しい加工部でも耐ホイスカー性に優れたSn系めっき鋼板並びにその製造方法を提供することにある。   The object of the present invention is excellent in wettability in Pb-free soldering, so-called solderability, without using Pb (lead) and Cr (chromium), which are undesirable due to environmental problems, and furthermore, corrosion resistance and severe An object of the present invention is to provide a Sn-based plated steel sheet having excellent whisker resistance in a processed part and a method for producing the same.

発明者らは、前述の課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、Ni系めっき層を形成後Sn系めっき層を形成した後溶錫処理を施してNiおよびSnを含有するめっき層を形成し、その上層にP(リン)とSi(珪素)を含有した化成皮膜を形成した場合には、Pbフリー半田に対する半田付け性および厳しいプレス加工部での耐ホイスカー性の双方を高い次元で満足させることができることを新規に見出した。本発明はこの知見に基づくものである。   As a result of intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors have formed a Ni-based plating layer, then formed a Sn-based plating layer, and then subjected to tin treatment to form a plating layer containing Ni and Sn. However, when a chemical conversion film containing P (phosphorus) and Si (silicon) is formed on the upper layer, both the solderability to Pb-free solder and the whisker resistance at severely pressed parts are satisfied at a high level. It has been found that it can be made. The present invention is based on this finding.

この発明の要旨は、以下の通りである。
(1)鋼板表面上に、Niの付着量を0.02〜4.4g/m2としてNi系めっき層を形成後Snの付着量を5.0〜20g/m2としてSn系めっき層を形成した後溶錫処理を施して得たNiおよびSnを含有するめっき層と、該めっき層上に、Pの付着量が0.5〜10mg/m2、Siの付着量が3〜60mg/m2であるPとSiを含有する化成皮膜を有することを特徴とする半田付け性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性に優れるSn系めっき鋼板。
The gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) on the steel sheet surface, after forming the Sn-based plating layer deposited amount of Ni-based plating layer formed after Sn adhesion amount as 0.02~4.4g / m 2 of Ni as 5.0~20g / m 2溶錫a plating layer containing Ni and Sn obtained by applying the process, in the plating layer, the adhesion amount of deposition amount 0.5 to 10 mg / m 2, Si of P is 3~60mg / m 2 P and Si A Sn-based plated steel sheet excellent in solderability, corrosion resistance and whisker resistance, characterized by having a chemical conversion film containing.

(2)前記化成皮膜は、Pと、シランカップリング剤およびアルコキシシランの1種または2種以上とを含有する化成処理液を用いて形成することを特徴とする(1)に記載の半田付け性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性に優れるSn系めっき鋼板。   (2) The chemical conversion film is formed by using a chemical conversion treatment solution containing P and one or more of silane coupling agent and alkoxysilane. Soldering according to (1) Sn-plated steel sheet with excellent heat resistance, corrosion resistance and whisker resistance.

(3)鋼板表面上にNi系めっきを施し、次いでSn系めっきを施した後に該鋼板をSnの融点以上に加熱する溶錫処理を施し、次いで化成処理液に該鋼板を接触させる化成処理を施すことを特徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の半田付け性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性に優れるSn系めっき鋼板の製造方法。   (3) After applying Ni plating on the surface of the steel sheet, and then applying Sn-based plating, subjecting the steel sheet to a melting point of heating above the melting point of Sn, then subjecting the steel sheet to a chemical conversion treatment solution. The method for producing a Sn-plated steel sheet having excellent solderability, corrosion resistance and whisker resistance according to (1) or (2), wherein

この発明によれば、鋼板表面上にNi系めっき層を形成後Sn系めっき層を形成した後溶錫処理を施してNiおよびSnを含有するめっき層を形成し、その上層にPとSiを含有した化成皮膜を有することにより、半田濡れ性、耐食性および特に厳しい加工部での耐ホイスカー性に優れたSn系めっき鋼板を提供することができる。   According to this invention, after forming the Ni-based plating layer on the steel sheet surface, forming the Sn-based plating layer, and then performing the hot-tin treatment to form the plating layer containing Ni and Sn, and P and Si on the upper layer By having the chemical conversion film contained, it is possible to provide a Sn-based plated steel sheet having excellent solder wettability, corrosion resistance, and whisker resistance in particularly severely processed parts.

以下に、この発明を詳細に説明する。   The present invention will be described in detail below.

この発明のSn系めっき鋼板は、鋼板表面上にNi系めっき層を形成後Sn系めっき層を形成したもの、すなわちNi系めっき層を介してSn系めっき層を形成したものである。このNi系めっき層の存在により、耐ホイスカー性および耐食性が大きく向上する。すなわち、Ni系めっき層の上にSn系めっき層を形成すると、後述する溶錫処理の際にNiがSn系めっき層中に拡散する。Sn系めっきのホイスカー成長にはSn原子の移動が必要であるが、NiがSnめっき層中に存在するとSn原子の移動が妨げられ、ホイスカー成長が抑制されると考えられる。Ni系めっき層は、公知の電気めっき法または無電解めっき法により形成することができ、Niの付着量は0.02〜4.4g/m2とする。前記Ni系めっき層中のNiの付着量が0.02g/m2未満であると耐ホイスカー性改善の効果が不十分であり、4.4g/m2を超えると半田付け性に悪影響を及ぼす。Niの付着量が多くなると溶錫処理時のSn系めっき層中へのNiの拡散量も多くなる。このNiによりホイスカー成長が抑制されるが、同時にSn系めっき層の液相線温度も高くなる。半田付け時にはSn系めっき層が溶融する必要があるので、液相線温度が高いと半田付け性の点で不利である。 The Sn-based plated steel sheet of the present invention is obtained by forming a Sn-based plated layer after forming a Ni-based plated layer on the surface of the steel sheet, that is, by forming a Sn-based plated layer through the Ni-based plated layer. The presence of this Ni-based plating layer greatly improves whisker resistance and corrosion resistance. That is, when the Sn-based plating layer is formed on the Ni-based plating layer, Ni diffuses into the Sn-based plating layer during the molten tin treatment described later. The movement of Sn atoms is necessary for whisker growth of Sn-based plating. However, if Ni is present in the Sn plating layer, the movement of Sn atoms is hindered and the whisker growth is suppressed. The Ni-based plating layer can be formed by a known electroplating method or electroless plating method, and the adhesion amount of Ni is 0.02 to 4.4 g / m 2 . When the adhesion amount of Ni in the Ni-based plating layer is less than 0.02 g / m 2 , the effect of improving the whisker resistance is insufficient, and when it exceeds 4.4 g / m 2 , the solderability is adversely affected. When the adhesion amount of Ni increases, the diffusion amount of Ni into the Sn-based plating layer during the tin treatment increases. This Ni suppresses whisker growth, but at the same time, the liquidus temperature of the Sn-based plating layer increases. Since the Sn-based plating layer needs to melt at the time of soldering, a high liquidus temperature is disadvantageous in terms of solderability.

ここで、Ni系めっきとは、Niを主体とするめっきであり、耐ホイスカー性確保のためNiを80mass%以上含有することが好ましい。ここでNi以外のめっき組成は特に限定する必要はなく、Ni系めっきとしては、Ni単独をめっきするNiめっきやNi-Feめっきなどがある。   Here, the Ni-based plating is plating mainly composed of Ni, and preferably contains 80 mass% or more of Ni in order to ensure whisker resistance. Here, the plating composition other than Ni is not particularly limited, and examples of the Ni-based plating include Ni plating for plating Ni alone and Ni-Fe plating.

また、Sn系めっき層も公知の電気めっき法により形成することができ、Snの付着量を5.0〜20g/m2の範囲とする。前記Snの付着量が5.0g/m2未満では、十分なPbフリー半田との濡れ性が得られないばかりでなく、耐食性も不十分である。また、前記Snの付着量が20g/m2を超えても、性能の向上は期待できず、めっき層の形成に長時間を要するとともに、コスト高になる。 Further, the Sn-based plating layer can also be formed by a known electroplating method, and the Sn adhesion amount is set in the range of 5.0 to 20 g / m 2 . If the amount of Sn deposited is less than 5.0 g / m 2 , not only sufficient wettability with Pb-free solder can be obtained, but also the corrosion resistance is insufficient. Further, even if the Sn adhesion amount exceeds 20 g / m 2 , no improvement in performance can be expected, and it takes a long time to form the plating layer and the cost is increased.

ここで、Sn系めっきとは、Snを主体とするめっきであり、半田付け性確保のためSnを90mass%以上含有することが好ましい。Sn系めっきとしては、まずSn単独をめっきするSnめっきがある。ここで、Sn以外のめっき組成は特に限定する必要はないが、耐ホイスカー性向上のため、Bi、CuやAgなどを含有させることが好ましい。   Here, the Sn-based plating is plating mainly composed of Sn, and preferably contains 90 mass% or more of Sn in order to ensure solderability. Sn-based plating includes Sn plating for plating Sn alone. Here, the plating composition other than Sn is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to contain Bi, Cu, Ag, or the like in order to improve the whisker resistance.

Sn系めっきを行った後、鋼板をSnの融点(231.9℃)以上に加熱し、一旦めっきを溶融させる溶錫処理(リフロー処理ともいう)を行う。電気めっきされたままのSn系めっき層には、電着応力が存在し、この電着応力を開放しようとするエネルギーによってめっき表面からホイスカーと称される針状結晶が成長する。ホイスカーが成長すると、電気回路での短絡事故を引き起こしかねないため、ホイスカーの成長が無いことが要求される。電気めっきされたSn系めっき層を一旦溶融すると、前述のようにNiがSn系めっき層中に拡散するとともに電着応力が開放されてホイスカーの発生が抑えられるため、ホイスカー防止の観点から本発明では溶錫処理が必須である。また、溶錫処理を行うと、NiがSn系めっき層中に拡散するのでSn系めっき層の密着性が向上する。
なお、Ni、Sn付着量の測定は、蛍光X線による表面分析により行なうことができる。
After the Sn-based plating is performed, the steel sheet is heated to a melting point of Sn (231.9 ° C.) or higher, and a molten tin treatment (also referred to as a reflow treatment) for once melting the plating is performed. Electrodeposition stress is present in the electroplated Sn-based plating layer, and acicular crystals called whiskers grow from the plating surface by energy for releasing the electrodeposition stress. When a whisker grows, it can cause a short circuit accident in an electrical circuit, so it is required that whisker does not grow. Once the electroplated Sn-based plating layer is melted, Ni diffuses into the Sn-based plating layer as described above, and the electrodeposition stress is released to suppress the occurrence of whiskers. Then, molten tin treatment is essential. Further, when the molten tin treatment is performed, since Ni diffuses into the Sn-based plating layer, the adhesion of the Sn-based plating layer is improved.
Note that the amount of Ni and Sn attached can be measured by surface analysis using fluorescent X-rays.

そして、この発明では、さらに、Sn系めっき層の上層に、好ましくはPと、シランカップリング剤およびアルコキシシランの1種または2種以上とを含有する化成処理液を用いて、PとSiを含有する化成皮膜を形成し、前記化成皮膜中のPの付着量を0.5〜10mg/m2、Siの付着量を3〜60mg/m2の範囲とする。 In the present invention, P and Si are further added to the upper layer of the Sn-based plating layer, preferably using a chemical conversion treatment solution containing P and one or more of a silane coupling agent and an alkoxysilane. The chemical conversion film to be contained is formed, and the adhesion amount of P in the chemical conversion film is in the range of 0.5 to 10 mg / m 2 , and the adhesion amount of Si is in the range of 3 to 60 mg / m 2 .

化成皮膜中のPは、リン酸塩としてSn表面を覆い、SnとSi化合物間のバインダーとして働き、化成皮膜を形成する。化成皮膜中のP付着量は、0.5〜10 mg/m2の範囲とすることが必要である。0.5mg/m2未満では、化成皮膜の被覆が不十分であり、時間の経過とともにSn表面で酸化Snが成長して、半田濡れ性が劣るようになるからである。一方、10mg/m2を超えると、半田とSn系めっき層の接触が阻害されて半田濡れ性が劣るからである。なお、P付着量の測定は、蛍光X線による表面分析により行うことができる。 P in the chemical conversion film covers the Sn surface as a phosphate and acts as a binder between Sn and the Si compound to form a chemical conversion film. The P adhesion amount in the chemical conversion film needs to be in the range of 0.5 to 10 mg / m 2 . If it is less than 0.5 mg / m 2 , the coating of the chemical conversion film is insufficient, and Sn oxide grows on the Sn surface over time, resulting in poor solder wettability. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10 mg / m 2 , the contact between the solder and the Sn-based plating layer is hindered, resulting in poor solder wettability. In addition, the measurement of P adhesion amount can be performed by surface analysis by fluorescent X-rays.

化成皮膜中に含有するSiの付着量は、3mg/m2未満では化成皮膜の被覆が不十分で、時間の経過とともにSn表面で酸化Snが成長して半田濡れ性が劣るようになり、また、耐食性も劣化するため、3mg/m2以上とする必要がある。また、化成皮膜中に含有するSiの付着量が60mg/m2超えであっても、十分な半田濡れ性と耐食性は得られるが、経済性を鑑み、化成皮膜中に含有するSiの付着量は60mg/m2以下とし、より好ましくは30mg/m2以下とする。なお、Si付着量の測定は、蛍光X線による表面分析により行うことができる。 Adhesion amount of Si contained in the chemical conversion film during the insufficient coverage of the conversion coating is less than 3 mg / m 2, is oxidized Sn in Sn surface over time become solderability growing poor, also In addition, since corrosion resistance deteriorates, it is necessary to set it to 3 mg / m 2 or more. In addition, even if the amount of Si deposited in the chemical film exceeds 60 mg / m 2 , sufficient solder wettability and corrosion resistance can be obtained, but in view of economy, the amount of Si deposited in the chemical film Is 60 mg / m 2 or less, more preferably 30 mg / m 2 or less. In addition, the measurement of Si adhesion amount can be performed by surface analysis by fluorescent X-rays.

本発明において、化成皮膜中に含有するSiは、好ましくは、化成処理液中に含有させたシランカップリング剤、アルコキシシランによって含有させる。シランカップリング剤の一般化学式は、X−Si−OR2or3(R:アルコキシ基)であり、アルコキシシランの一般化学式はX−Si−OR4−a(a=0〜3)である。 In the present invention, Si contained in the chemical conversion film is preferably contained by a silane coupling agent or alkoxysilane contained in the chemical conversion solution. The general chemical formula of a silane coupling agent is X-Si- OR2or3 (R: alkoxy group), and the general chemical formula of alkoxysilane is X-Si- OR4 -a (a = 0-3).

シランカップリング剤およびアルコキシシランは、アルコキシシリル基(Si−OR)が水により加水分解されてシラノール基を生成し、金属表面のOH基との脱水縮合反応により密着し強固な皮膜を形成する。   In the silane coupling agent and alkoxysilane, an alkoxysilyl group (Si-OR) is hydrolyzed with water to form a silanol group, and adheres to the OH group on the metal surface by a dehydration condensation reaction to form a strong film.

なお、シランカップリング剤としては、3−メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、2−(3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシラン、3−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N−(2−アミノエチル)−3−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、3−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N−フェニル−3−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3−メルカプトプロピルメトキシシラン、3−クロロプロピルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリス(2−メトキシエトキシ)シランなどが使用できる。アルコキシシランとしては、テトラメトキシシラン、メチルトリメトキシシラン、ジメチルジメトキシシラン、フェニルトリメトキシシラン、ジフェニルジメトキシシラン、テトラエトキシシラン、メチルトリエトキシシラン、ジメチルジエトキシシラン、フェニルトリエトキシシラン、ジフェニルジエトキシシラン、ヘキシルトリメトキシシラン、ヘキシルトリエトキシシラン、デシルトリメトキシシラン、トリフルオロプロピルトリメトキシシランなどが使用できる。   As silane coupling agents, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) ) -3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercapto Propylmethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris (2-methoxyethoxy) silane and the like can be used. As alkoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, diphenyldiethoxysilane Hexyltrimethoxysilane, hexyltriethoxysilane, decyltrimethoxysilane, trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane and the like can be used.

また、PとSiを含有する化成皮膜の形成方法としては、例えば、リン酸系化成処理によって行うことが好ましく、この場合、化成処理液中のPの供給源としては、リン酸イオン換算で1〜80g/lのリン酸、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸アルミニウム、リン酸カリウム等の金属塩、および/または、1水素リン酸塩などを使用することがより好適である。また、Siの供給源としては、該リン酸系化成処理液に前述したシランカップリング剤やアルコキシシランの1種または2種以上を添加した化成処理液を用いることが好ましいが、かかる場合、化成処理液中のpHを1.5〜5.5の範囲に調整すれば、シランカップリング剤やアルコキシシランを化成処理液中に均一に溶解することができる。   Moreover, as a method for forming a chemical conversion film containing P and Si, for example, it is preferable to carry out by a phosphoric acid-based chemical conversion treatment. In this case, as a supply source of P in the chemical conversion treatment liquid, 1 in terms of phosphate ions is used. It is more preferable to use ˜80 g / l of a metal salt such as phosphoric acid, sodium phosphate, aluminum phosphate, potassium phosphate and / or monohydrogen phosphate. Further, as the Si supply source, it is preferable to use a chemical conversion treatment solution obtained by adding one or more of the above-mentioned silane coupling agents and alkoxysilanes to the phosphoric acid chemical conversion treatment solution. If the pH in the treatment liquid is adjusted to a range of 1.5 to 5.5, the silane coupling agent or alkoxysilane can be uniformly dissolved in the chemical conversion treatment liquid.

なお、化成処理液には、Sn、Fe、Niの金属塩、例えば、SnCl2、FeCl2、NiCl2、SnSO4、FeSO4、NiSO4などの金属塩を適宜添加することができる。リン酸系化成処理は、リン酸イオンと金属イオンが反応して不溶性のリン酸塩皮膜を形成することによるものであるが、これらSn、Fe、Niの金属塩を処理液に添加することにより、リン酸塩皮膜の形成がより速やかに行われる。この場合には、促進剤として塩素酸ナトリウム、亜硝酸塩などの酸化剤、フッ素イオンなどのエッチング剤を適宜添加してもよい。また、化成処理液の均一処理性を向上させる目的で、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウムやアセチレングリコールなどの界面活性剤を適宜添加しても良い。 Note that a metal salt of Sn, Fe, Ni, for example, a metal salt such as SnCl 2 , FeCl 2 , NiCl 2 , SnSO 4 , FeSO 4 , and NiSO 4 can be appropriately added to the chemical conversion solution. Phosphoric acid-based chemical conversion treatment is based on the reaction between phosphate ions and metal ions to form an insoluble phosphate film. By adding these metal salts of Sn, Fe, and Ni to the treatment liquid, The phosphate film is formed more rapidly. In this case, an oxidizing agent such as sodium chlorate or nitrite, or an etching agent such as fluorine ion may be added as an accelerator. In addition, a surfactant such as sodium lauryl sulfate or acetylene glycol may be appropriately added for the purpose of improving the uniform processability of the chemical conversion treatment liquid.

リン酸系化成処理を用いた化成皮膜の形成は、上記化成処理液の鋼板への塗布または浸漬処理などにより鋼板と上記化成処理液を接触させる化成処理を施した後、乾燥させることによって行えば良い。なお、反応性の観点からは、鋼板を上記化成処理液に浸漬して化成処理を施すことが好ましい。   The formation of the chemical conversion film using the phosphoric acid-based chemical conversion treatment may be performed by applying a chemical conversion treatment in which the steel plate and the chemical conversion treatment solution are brought into contact with each other by, for example, applying the chemical conversion treatment solution to the steel plate or dipping treatment, followed by drying. good. In addition, from a reactive viewpoint, it is preferable to perform a chemical conversion treatment by immersing a steel sheet in the chemical conversion solution.

以上のことから、この発明では、鋼板表面にNi系めっき層を形成後Sn系めっき層を形成した後溶錫処理を施してNiおよびSnを含有するめっき層を形成しその上に、PおよびSiを上記適正範囲で含有する化成皮膜を形成することによって、Pbフリー半田との濡れ性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性の全ての性能を満足させ、特に厳しい加工部での耐ホイスカー性をも満足させることに成功したのである。   From the above, in this invention, after forming the Ni-based plating layer on the steel sheet surface, after forming the Sn-based plating layer, the tin-plating process is performed to form a plating layer containing Ni and Sn, and P and By forming a chemical conversion film containing Si in the appropriate range, all the performances of wettability with Pb-free solder, corrosion resistance and whisker resistance are satisfied, and whisker resistance is also satisfied especially in severely processed parts. It was a success.

次にこの発明に従う具体的な製造方法の一例を説明する。   Next, an example of a specific manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described.

冷延鋼板に電気Ni系めっきを施した後、電気Sn系めっきを施す。Sn系めっき終了後、鋼板をSnの融点(231.9℃)以上に加熱して溶錫処理を行い、Sn系めっき層を一旦溶融させ、次いで冷却してSn系めっき層を凝固させた後、引き続き浸漬処理によって化成処理を行う。なお、溶錫処理後に表面に生成したSn酸化物を除去するため、炭酸ナトリウム水溶液中で陰極電解処理を行ってもよい。なお、溶錫処理はSn系めっき層が一旦溶融しさえすればよく、ぶりき(電気Snめっき鋼板)の製造の際に行われるようなSnの融点以上に昇温する常法にて行えばよい。なお表面に生成するSn酸化物の除去性の観点から溶錫処理温度としてはSnの融点〜270℃、処理時間としては、0.05〜5秒程度とすることが好ましい。   After the electric Ni-based plating is applied to the cold-rolled steel sheet, the electric Sn-based plating is applied. After Sn-based plating is completed, the steel sheet is heated to a melting point of Sn (231.9 ° C.) or higher to perform a tin treatment, once the Sn-based plating layer is melted and then cooled to solidify the Sn-based plating layer, and then Chemical conversion treatment is performed by immersion treatment. In addition, in order to remove the Sn oxide produced | generated on the surface after a tin solution process, you may perform a cathode electrolytic process in sodium carbonate aqueous solution. In addition, the tin treatment only needs to once melt the Sn-based plating layer, and if it is performed by a conventional method for raising the temperature to the melting point of Sn or more as performed in the manufacture of tinplate (electrical Sn plated steel sheet). Good. From the viewpoint of removability of Sn oxide formed on the surface, it is preferable that the tin treatment temperature is the melting point of Sn to 270 ° C., and the treatment time is about 0.05 to 5 seconds.

化成処理液(リン酸系化成処理液)としては、リン酸イオン換算で1〜80g/lのリン酸、Snイオン換算で0.001〜10g/lの塩化第一錫、0.1〜1.0g/lの塩素酸ナトリウムを含有し、さらにシランカップリング剤およびアルコキシシランの1種または2種以上を合計で0.5〜20mass%添加した水溶液を用いる。化成処理の条件は、温度を40〜80℃、処理(浸漬)時間を1〜5秒間とすることが好ましい。化成処理液中に浸漬した後のめっき鋼板は、80〜150℃で乾燥させ、その後、水洗し、温風で乾燥する。   As a chemical conversion treatment liquid (phosphate-based chemical conversion treatment liquid), 1 to 80 g / l phosphoric acid in terms of phosphate ion, 0.001 to 10 g / l stannous chloride in terms of Sn ion, 0.1 to 1.0 g / l An aqueous solution containing sodium chlorate and further added with one or more of a silane coupling agent and an alkoxysilane in a total amount of 0.5 to 20 mass% is used. The conditions for the chemical conversion treatment are preferably a temperature of 40 to 80 ° C. and a treatment (immersion) time of 1 to 5 seconds. The plated steel sheet after being immersed in the chemical conversion solution is dried at 80 to 150 ° C., then washed with water and dried with warm air.

なお、上述したところは、この発明の実施形態の一例を示したに過ぎず、請求の範囲において種々の変更を加えることができる。   The above description is merely an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims.

次に、この発明の実施例について詳細に説明する。
[実施例1〜10]
板厚0.3〜1.8mmの低炭素鋼または極低炭素鋼からなる冷延鋼板の両面に、電気めっき法によりNi系めっきを施した。引き続き電気めっき法によりSn系めっきを施した後、溶錫処理を施した。続いて、表2に示す3種類の化成処理液A〜Cから選んだ表1に示す化成処理液を用いて種々のPおよびSi付着量の化成皮膜を形成した。なお、表1の示したNi、Sn、化成皮膜の付着量、含有量は片面あたりの値である。ここで、Niめっき、Ni−Feめっき、Snめっき、Sn−Biめっき、Sn−Cuめっき、溶錫処理の条件を以下に示す。
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
[Examples 1 to 10]
Ni-based plating was performed by electroplating on both surfaces of a cold-rolled steel plate made of low-carbon steel or ultra-low-carbon steel having a thickness of 0.3 to 1.8 mm. Subsequently, Sn-based plating was performed by electroplating, followed by hot metal treatment. Subsequently, chemical conversion films having various P and Si adhesion amounts were formed using the chemical conversion liquid shown in Table 1 selected from the three types of chemical conversion liquids A to C shown in Table 2. In addition, the adhesion amount and content of Ni, Sn, and chemical conversion film shown in Table 1 are values per side. Here, the conditions of Ni plating, Ni-Fe plating, Sn plating, Sn-Bi plating, Sn-Cu plating, and molten tin treatment are shown below.

(Niめっき)
硫酸ニッケル:240g/L
塩化ニッケル:45g/L
ホウ酸:30g/L
浴温:50℃
電流密度:8A/dm2
(Ni plating)
Nickel sulfate: 240g / L
Nickel chloride: 45g / L
Boric acid: 30g / L
Bath temperature: 50 ℃
Current density: 8A / dm 2

(Ni−Feめっき)
硫酸ニッケル:105g/L
塩化ニッケル:60g/L
硫酸第一鉄:10g/L
ホウ酸:45g/L
浴温:60℃
電流密度:10A/dm2
(Ni-Fe plating)
Nickel sulfate: 105g / L
Nickel chloride: 60g / L
Ferrous sulfate: 10g / L
Boric acid: 45g / L
Bath temperature: 60 ℃
Current density: 10A / dm 2

(Snめっき)
塩化第一スズ:75g/L
フッ化ナトリウム:25g/L
フッ化水素カリウム:50g/L
塩化ナトリウム:45g/L
pH:2.7
浴温:65℃
電流密度:48A/dm2
(Sn plating)
Stannous chloride: 75g / L
Sodium fluoride: 25g / L
Potassium hydrogen fluoride: 50 g / L
Sodium chloride: 45g / L
pH: 2.7
Bath temperature: 65 ℃
Current density: 48A / dm 2

(Sn−Biめっき)
めっき液:石原薬品株式会社製HTB−005
浴温:30℃
電流密度:20A/dm2
(Sn-Bi plating)
Plating solution: HTB-005 manufactured by Ishihara Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Bath temperature: 30 ℃
Current density: 20A / dm 2

(Sn−Cuめっき)
めっき液:石原薬品株式会社製HTC−601
浴温:45℃
電流密度:20A/dm2
(Sn-Cu plating)
Plating solution: HTC-601 manufactured by Ishihara Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Bath temperature: 45 ℃
Current density: 20A / dm 2

(溶錫処理)
温度:240℃
時間:0.5sec
(Molten tin treatment)
Temperature: 240 ° C
Time: 0.5sec

[比較例1〜6]
なお、比較のため、この発明の適正範囲外であるSn系めっき鋼板についても製造した。
[Comparative Examples 1-6]
For comparison, an Sn-based plated steel sheet outside the proper range of the present invention was also manufactured.

Ni系めっき中のNiの付着量、Sn系めっき中のSnの付着量および化成皮膜に含有されるP、Siの付着量は蛍光X線分析により測定した。   The amount of Ni deposited in the Ni-based plating, the amount of Sn deposited in the Sn-based plating, and the amounts of P and Si contained in the chemical conversion film were measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis.

(性能評価)
実施例および比較例の各Sn系めっき鋼板について、Pbフリー半田濡れ性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性の性能評価を行った。
(Performance evaluation)
For each Sn-based plated steel sheet of Examples and Comparative Examples, performance evaluation of Pb-free solder wettability, corrosion resistance, and whisker resistance was performed.

(1)半田濡れ性(半田付け性)の評価
Pbフリー半田として、千住金属工業株式会社製のSn−3.5%Ag−0.75%Cu半田を用いた。半田温度を245℃とし、株式会社レスカ製「SAT−5100」装置を用いてウェッティングバランス法にて、半田が濡れるまでのゼロクロスタイムを測定し、半田濡れ性の評価とした。なお、サンプルは板厚0.6mmのものを用い、温度105℃、湿度100%RHで圧力1.22×105Paの試験槽に8時間曝して加速劣化させた後評価した。サンプルの半田槽への浸漬は、浸漬速度3mm/sec、浸漬深さ3mmとした。ゼロクロスタイムは3秒以下が合格レベルである。表1にその評価結果を示す。
(1) Evaluation of solder wettability (solderability)
As the Pb-free solder, Sn-3.5% Ag-0.75% Cu solder manufactured by Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. was used. The soldering temperature was set to 245 ° C., and the zero crossing time until the solder was wet was measured by a wetting balance method using a “SAT-5100” apparatus manufactured by Reska Co., Ltd. to evaluate the solder wettability. A sample having a thickness of 0.6 mm was used and evaluated after being accelerated and deteriorated by being exposed to a test tank having a temperature of 105 ° C., a humidity of 100% RH and a pressure of 1.22 × 10 5 Pa for 8 hours. The sample was immersed in the solder bath at an immersion speed of 3 mm / sec and an immersion depth of 3 mm. The zero cross time is acceptable for 3 seconds or less. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.

(2)耐食性の評価
塩水噴霧(JIS Z 2371準拠)8時間と噴霧休止16時間とを1サイクルとするサイクル腐食試験を3サイクル行い、発生した赤錆の面積率(%)で耐食性を評価した。なお、赤錆面積率は3%以下が合格レベルである。表1にその評価結果を示す。
(2) Evaluation of corrosion resistance Three cycles of a cyclic corrosion test in which salt spray (based on JIS Z 2371) 8 hours and spray cessation 16 hours were performed in one cycle were evaluated, and the corrosion resistance was evaluated by the area ratio (%) of the generated red rust. The red rust area ratio is 3% or less. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.

(3)厳しい加工部での耐ホイスカー性評価
図1に模式的に示すように、供試材1を、ポンチ径:50mmφ、クリアランス:板厚+0.4mm、ポンチ肩曲率:3mmR、ダイス肩曲率:3mmRのポンチ2とダイス3でプレス速度(絞り速度):50mm/minで深さ15mmのプレス絞り加工を行い、−25℃と120℃の繰り返し熱サイクルを500回行った後、図1に示した供試材1の加工部4の化成皮膜が損傷を受けた表面を走査型電子顕微鏡で観察し、ホイスカーの発生状況を観察した。ホイスカーの発生有無および長さで耐ホイスカー性を評価した。表1にその評価結果を示す。なお、ホイスカーの発生が無い場合を、耐ホイスカー性に優れるものとして評価した。
(3) Whisker resistance evaluation in severely processed parts As shown schematically in Fig. 1, the specimen 1 is punch diameter: 50mmφ, clearance: plate thickness + 0.4mm, punch shoulder curvature: 3mmR, die shoulder curvature : Pressing speed (drawing speed) with 3mmR punch 2 and die 3: Press drawing with a depth of 15mm at 50mm / min, 500 cycles of -25 ° C and 120 ° C repeated, then Fig. 1 The surface where the chemical conversion film of the processed part 4 of the specimen 1 shown was damaged was observed with a scanning electron microscope, and the occurrence of whiskers was observed. Whisker resistance was evaluated by the presence and length of whisker. Table 1 shows the evaluation results. In addition, the case where no whisker was generated was evaluated as having excellent whisker resistance.

Figure 2006265637
Figure 2006265637

Figure 2006265637
Figure 2006265637

表1の評価結果から明らかなように、実施例1〜10はいずれも、半田付け性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性の全性能について優れていた。一方、比較例1〜6はいずれも、半田付け性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性のいずれかの性能が悪く、実用レベルにないことがわかる。   As is clear from the evaluation results in Table 1, all of Examples 1 to 10 were excellent in terms of all the performances of solderability, corrosion resistance, and whisker resistance. On the other hand, it can be seen that Comparative Examples 1 to 6 have poor performance in any of solderability, corrosion resistance, and whisker resistance, and are not at a practical level.

厳しい加工部での耐ホイスカー性評価試験を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the whisker-proof evaluation test in a severe process part.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 供試材
2 ポンチ
3 ダイス
4 供試材の加工部
1 Specimen 2 Punch 3 Die 4 Processed part of specimen

Claims (3)

鋼板表面上に、Niの付着量を0.02〜4.4g/m2としてNi系めっき層を形成後Snの付着量を5.0〜20g/m2としてSn系めっき層を形成した後溶錫処理を施して得たNiおよびSnを含有するめっき層と、該めっき層上に、Pの付着量が0.5〜10mg/m2、Siの付着量が3〜60mg/m2であるPとSiを含有する化成皮膜を有することを特徴とする半田付け性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性に優れるSn系めっき鋼板。 On the surface of the steel sheet, subjected to溶錫treatment after the formation of the Sn-based plating layer deposited amount of Ni-based plating layer formed after Sn adhesion amount as 0.02~4.4g / m 2 of Ni as 5.0~20g / m 2 a plating layer containing Ni and Sn obtained by, in the plating layer, the adhesion amount of P adhesion amount of 0.5 to 10 mg / m 2, Si contains P and Si is 3~60mg / m 2 Sn-based plated steel sheet with excellent solderability, corrosion resistance and whisker resistance, characterized by having a chemical conversion film. 前記化成皮膜は、Pと、シランカップリング剤およびアルコキシシランの1種または2種以上とを含有する化成処理液を用いて形成することを特徴とする請求項1記載の半田付け性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性に優れるSn系めっき鋼板。 2. The solderability, corrosion resistance, and chemical conversion film according to claim 1, wherein the chemical conversion film is formed using a chemical conversion treatment solution containing P and one or more of silane coupling agent and alkoxysilane. Sn-plated steel sheet with excellent whisker resistance. 鋼板表面上にNi系めっきを施し、次いでSn系めっきを施した後に該鋼板をSnの融点以上に加熱する溶錫処理を施し、次いで化成処理液に該鋼板を接触させる化成処理を施すことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の半田付け性、耐食性および耐ホイスカー性に優れるSn系めっき鋼板の製造方法。 Applying Ni-based plating on the surface of the steel sheet, then applying Sn-based plating, then subjecting the steel sheet to a melting point treatment that heats the steel sheet to the melting point of Sn or higher, and then subjecting the steel sheet to chemical conversion treatment liquid. The method for producing a Sn-based plated steel sheet having excellent solderability, corrosion resistance, and whisker resistance according to claim 1 or 2.
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