JP2006262879A - Fruit vegetable raising system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an economical and simple fruit vegetable hydroponic system for producing tasty fruit vegetables with high saccharinity without causing cracks/bursts in the fruits to be harvested. <P>SOLUTION: The system is a vertical-type fruit vegetable hydroponic system designed to cultivate a plant(fruit vegetable) by arranging as appropriate a vertically extended cylindrical body with multiple hydroponic beds and feeding the hydroponic beds with a nutritious liquid in drips from the top of the cylindrical body. In this system, prior to the vertically downward growth of the root hair of the fruit vegetable planted in the hydroponic beds and the root hair's immersion in a nutritious liquid pool, the cylindrical body is vertically inverted upside down to control the immersion. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fruit and vegetable growing system by hydroponics. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system for growing fruit vegetables by hydroponics that has a high sugar content of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes and has a sweet taste and is less likely to cause cracks or bursting.

  Various hydroponics cultivation methods and methods for tomato cultivation have been proposed. For example, a hydroponic cultivation method for tomatoes has been proposed in which hydroponic cultivation beds are arranged in a plurality of stages, and tomatoes grown on the hydroponic cultivation beds are grown downward. (See Patent Document 1)

  Moreover, the hydroponic cultivation method of the tomato using the support body for hydroponic cultivation which consists of a polyurethane which has specific physical properties, such as an apparent density and a water absorption speed, is proposed. (See Patent Document 2)

  In addition, one or more implanting members arranged to be orthogonal to the support cylinder arranged in the vertical direction, a nutrient solution tank located at the lower part of the support cylinder, and pumping water for pumping and dripping this nutrient solution to the upper part of the support cylinder A hydroponic cultivation method using a vertical hydroponic cultivation apparatus having means has been proposed. (See Patent Documents 3, 4, and 5)

  However, in the proposed hydroponics method of the above-mentioned patent document 1 or 2, when the seedling of the planted vegetables such as tomato grows and the fruit of the vegetables such as tomato grows large, the vegetables such as tomato In addition to cracking and rupture of the fruits, there was a problem that it was not possible to produce delicious fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes because the sugar content of the collected fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes was low. According to the knowledge of the present inventor, if the root hair remains immersed in the nutrient solution until the fruits of the fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes are collected, the fruits of the fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes absorb the nutrient solution more than necessary, resulting in cracks and It has been found that rupture occurs.

  Moreover, in soil cultivation of melon, draining is stopped to stop watering for 1-2 weeks before harvesting in order to increase the sugar content of the fruit. However, since the soil contains water, There is a problem that the sugar content of the harvested fruit varies.

  Moreover, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present inventors have proposed the hydroponic cultivation method using the vertical hydroponic cultivation apparatus based on patent documents 3, 4, and 5. However, in the initial stage of growth of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, the root hairs of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes can be prevented from immersing in the nutrient solution retention part, but as the fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes grow, the root hairs are hydrated and are nourished vertically It grows toward the nutrient solution retention part installed at the bottom of the liquid cultivation device, and the root hair is immersed in the nutrient solution until the fruits of the fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes are collected. There was a problem of causing cracks and ruptures. And, in order to solve this problem, if the root hair of tomato and other fruit vegetables is cut to prevent soaking in the nutrient solution, there will be a further problem that the growth of the tomato and other fruit vegetables will decay or die. Become.

  Therefore, in hydroponic cultivation of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, it is economical to produce fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes with high sugar content of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes without causing cracks and ruptures in the fruits and vegetables to be collected. In addition, development of a simple hydroponic cultivation system for fruit vegetables such as tomatoes has been desired.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has intensively studied hydroponics of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes, and as a result has completed the present invention.

  JP-A-8-47334   Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-81189   Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-327675   Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-319584   Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-126951

  In the hydroponics of fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes, the present invention is for producing fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes that have a high sugar content of fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes without causing cracks or rupture in the fruits and vegetables to be collected. It is an object to provide an economical and simple hydroponic cultivation system for fruit vegetables such as tomatoes.

  The first aspect of the present invention is a vertical type in which a plurality of hydroponics floors are appropriately arranged in a cylindrical body extending vertically, and a nutrient solution is supplied dropwise from the top of the cylinder to the hydroponics floor to grow a plant. It is a hydroponic cultivation system, and the root hairs of fruit vegetables grown on the hydroponic cultivation floor are grown vertically downward and immersed in the nutrient solution retention part by turning the cylinder upside down. The present invention relates to a fruit and vegetable growing system characterized by controlling the soaking in the nutrient solution retention part.

  A second aspect of the present invention relates to the fruit and vegetable growing system according to the first aspect, wherein moisture stress is applied to the root hair of the fruit and vegetable.

  A third aspect of the present invention relates to the fruit and vegetable growing system according to the first or second aspect, wherein the dropping supply of the nutrient solution is intermittently performed.

  The fruit vegetable growing system of the present invention is such that the root of fruit vegetables such as tomato planted on a hydroponics cultivation floor grows vertically downward and is immersed in the nutrient solution retention part, and the tomato is turned upside down. Since the root hairs of the fruit and vegetables are controlled to be immersed in the nutrient solution retention part, the fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes at the time of harvesting have an excellent effect of preventing cracks and bursting.

  In addition, the fruit vegetable growing system of the present invention controls the soaking of root hairs of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes in the nutrient solution retention part, and gives tomatoes obtained by applying moisture stress to the hair roots of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes. It has an excellent effect that fruits and vegetables such as sweet tomatoes can be obtained with high sugar content.

  Further, the fruit and vegetable cultivation system of the present invention is a simple cultivation system that does not require a complicated operation and controls the root hairs of fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes to be immersed in the nutrient solution retention portion by turning the tube upside down. And has the effect of being economical.

  In addition, since the fruit vegetable growing system of the present invention is easy to grow, even beginners can obtain fruit vegetables such as tomatoes with high sugar content without causing cracks or rupture of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes. Has an excellent effect.

  Moreover, since the fruit and vegetable growing system of the present invention does not cause cracks or rupture of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, the harvested fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes can be shipped as products with a good yield.

  Moreover, since the fruit vegetable cultivation system of this invention directly temperature-controls with respect to root hair, it has the outstanding effect that it is not necessary to temperature-control the whole house, and energy saving cultivation can be performed.

    The present invention will be specifically described below.

    The fruit and vegetable growing system of the present invention cultivates a plant by arranging a plurality of hydroponics floors in a cylindrical body that extends vertically and supplying a nutrient solution dropwise from the top of the cylinder to the hydroponics floor. It is a vertical hydroponic cultivation system, where the root hair of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes planted on the hydroponic cultivation floor grows vertically downward and is immersed in the nutrient solution retention part, and the cylinder is turned upside down. It is characterized by controlling the root hairs of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes to be immersed in the nutrient solution retention part.

  As a result of intensive research on the cultivation of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes, the present inventor found that in the hydroponic cultivation of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes, the root hairs remained immersed in the nutrient solution until the fruits of the fruit vegetables such as tomatoes were collected. It was found that fruits of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes that were harvested had low sugar content, as well as the fruits of the fruits absorbed more nutrients than necessary, resulting in cracks and rupture. As described above based on this knowledge, before the root hair of fruit vegetables such as tomato planted on hydroponic cultivation floor grows vertically downward and soaks in the nutrient solution retention part, the tube is turned upside down tomato It controls that the root hairs of the fruit and vegetables are immersed in the nutrient solution retention part.

  In addition, it is not preferable to cut the root hairs of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes to prevent soaking in a nutrient solution, because this causes a problem that the growth of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes deteriorates or withers.

  The fruit vegetable growing system of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the cultivation status of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes according to a conventional example. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the cultivation situation of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes according to the present invention. First, as shown in FIG. 1, when seedlings of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes are planted on the hydroponics floor 1 and the nutrient solution is dropped and supplied from the upper part of the cylinder 2 by a pump (not shown), the root hair 6 grows along with the growth of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes. As shown in the figure, the root hairs 6 are immersed in the nutrient solution 4 of the nutrient solution retention part 3 to be in the state A, but before the state of A in FIG. By reversing the above, the tip of the root hair 6 can be brought into the B state, and the root hair 6 can be controlled to be immersed in the nutrient solution 4, and the fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes at the time of harvest can be cracked or ruptured. It can be prevented.

  Then, the root hairs 6 make a U-turn toward the lower part of the cylindrical body 2 while absorbing the nutrients of the nutrient solution 4 dripped and supplied from the state of B in FIG. If the tube 2 is reversed again before the tip of the tip is immersed in the nutrient solution 6, the root hair 6 can be controlled to be immersed in the nutrient solution 4. By repeating this operation while harvesting fruits such as tomatoes, it is possible to prevent cracks and ruptures in the fruits of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes as described above.

  The nutrient solution retention part 3 referred to in the present invention is a nutrient solution tank or a nutrient solution tank provided in a lower part of the cylinder 2 in pairs with the cylinder 2, and a plurality of cylinders 2 are cylinders. 2 is integrated with the lower part of 2 and means a nutrient solution circulation pipe or the like.

  In addition, the fruit vegetables referred to in the present invention are fruit vegetables whose sugar content is required when eating fruit vegetables, and mean fruit vegetables such as tomatoes, melons, and cucumbers.

  Moreover, the fruit vegetable growth system of this invention is characterized by giving a water stress with respect to root hair of fruit vegetables, such as a tomato. As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, it was found that the sugar content of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes at the time of harvesting increases when moisture stress is applied to fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes. That is, the sugar content of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes at the time of harvesting is increased by controlling the dropping supply of nutrient solution to such an extent that fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes do not die. For this reason, it is desirable to give water stress to fruit vegetables such as tomatoes because fruit vegetables such as tomatoes having a high sugar content and high sugar content can be obtained.

  For example, in hydroponic cultivation of tomatoes, the sugar content of tomatoes obtained when grown without applying water stress is about 6 to 7, but when water stress according to the present invention is applied, the sugar content is 9 The tomato fruit that is raised from 10 to 10 is obtained.

  In addition, the fruit vegetable growing system of the present invention is characterized in that the feeding of the nutrient solution is intermittently performed. As described above, it is desirable to intermittently supply a nutrient solution as a method of applying moisture stress to fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes, which is desirable.

  Moreover, as for the fruit vegetable growth system of this invention, it is desirable to perform temperature management of root hair by blowing a warm air or a cold wind directly with respect to root hair. As a result of the inventor's earnest research on the growth of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes, fruit vegetables such as tomatoes grow without being greatly affected by the temperature in the air where leaves and fruits are present if the temperature of root hair is controlled. I found. That is, it has been found that fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes wither and that growth of fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes is not greatly affected by controlling the temperature of root hairs, whether hot or cold. Therefore, by controlling the temperature of the root hair by directly sending warm or cold air to the root hair, it is possible not only to grow and harvest fruit vegetables such as tomatoes relatively stably throughout the year in summer and winter, but also the whole house. This is desirable because energy-saving cultivation is possible without the need for strict temperature control.

  Moreover, as for the fruit vegetable growth system of this invention, it is desirable that management of a nutrient solution is performed by temperature, PH (acidic alkalinity), and EC (electrical conductivity). According to the knowledge of the present inventor, the nutrient solution supplied dropwise to the root hairs of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes is controlled by controlling the physical properties of temperature, pH (acidic alkalinity) and EC (electric conductivity). It is desirable because stable growth and yield can be increased.

  As described above, the fruit and vegetable growing system according to the present invention is configured so that the roots of fruit and vegetables such as tomato planted on the hydroponics floor grow vertically downward and are immersed in the nutrient solution retention portion before and after Since the root hairs of tomatoes and other fruits and vegetables are controlled to be immersed in the nutrient solution retention portion, the fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes and other fruits and vegetables at the time of harvest have an excellent effect of preventing cracks and bursting. .

  In addition, the fruit vegetable growing system of the present invention controls the soaking of root hairs of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes in the nutrient solution retention part, and gives tomatoes obtained by applying moisture stress to the hair roots of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes. It has an excellent effect that fruit vegetables such as sweet tomatoes can be obtained with high sugar content.

  In addition, the fruit vegetable growing system of the present invention is a simple cultivation system that does not require a complicated operation and controls the tomato root hair to be immersed in the nutrient solution retention portion by turning the tube upside down and is economical. Has the effect of

  In addition, since the fruit vegetable growing system of the present invention is easy to grow, even beginners can obtain fruit vegetables such as tomatoes with high sugar content without causing cracks or rupture of fruit vegetables such as tomatoes. Has an excellent effect.

  In addition, since the fruit and vegetables growing system of the present invention does not cause cracks or rupture of fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes, the harvested fruit and vegetables such as tomatoes can be shipped as a product with a high yield.

  Moreover, since the fruit vegetable breeding system of this invention is directly temperature-controlling with respect to root hair, it has the outstanding effect that it is not necessary to manage the temperature of the whole house strictly, and energy-saving cultivation can be performed.

It is a schematic diagram of the cultivation condition of fruit berries such as tomatoes according to a conventional example. It is a schematic diagram of the cultivation condition of fruit berries such as tomatoes according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroponics floor 2 Cylinder 3 Nutrient solution retention part 4 Nutrient solution 5 Liquid surface 6 Root hair A Root hair tip B under immersion B Root hair tip under air

Claims (3)

  A vertical hydroponics system for cultivating plants by arranging a plurality of hydroponics floors in a vertically extending cylinder and supplying the nutrient solution dropwise from the top of the cylinder to the hydroponics floor. Before the roots of fruit vegetables planted on hydroponics grow vertically and soak in the nutrient solution retention part, the roots of fruit vegetables are immersed in the nutrient solution retention part upside down. Fruit and vegetable growing system characterized by controlling   The fruit vegetable growing system according to claim 1, wherein moisture stress is applied to the root hair of the fruit vegetable.   The fruit vegetable growing system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dripping supply of the nutrient solution is intermittently performed.

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