JP2006254524A - Winding method of stator of motor, and stator of the motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a winding method that eliminates the loosening of a winding wound to a tooth part of a stator of a motor, reduces the motor in size, and improves performance, and the stator. <P>SOLUTION: In the motor wherein N-pieces of the windings (N is an integer of one or more) are simultaneously wound to an insulating bobbin of the tooth part of the stator of the motor, the winding method of the winding can reduce the loosening of the winding, can obtain stable quality, can reduce the motor in size, and can improve performance, since at least a part of a winding portion concentrically wound to the insulating bobbin is normally wound at pitches of almost N-times the line diameter of the winding in a first process, and the winding is laminated in a form of a bale in N stages at least at a part of the winding portion concentrically wound to the insulating bobbin in and after a second process. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of winding a stator of an electric motor by a concentrated winding method in which an insulating bobbin is attached to a stator tooth portion and a winding is directly wound, and a stator of the electric motor.

  In recent years, electric vehicles equipped with electric motors driven at a low voltage are increasing due to environmental problems and the like. Such a stator of an electric motor is required to be highly efficient from the viewpoint of miniaturization and energy saving from a vehicle mounting space. The winding wound around the stator in response to these requirements has a thick wire diameter and a small number of windings. Specifically, when the voltage is 60 V or less and the driving operation range is 15000 r / min or less, the electric compressor mounted in the electric vehicle is often controlled by a driving device such as an inverter. .

  The winding specification wound around the stator of such an electric motor is manufactured using a winding specification with a small number of turns and a thick wire diameter, a flat wire, or a U-shaped coil. The specification in which the wire diameter of the winding is simply thickened is a thickening of the conventional thin wire, which is no different from the conventional winding method.

  As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-9480 (refer to Patent Document 1), the specification of the flat wire is formed on the insulating bobbin so as to guide the flat wire so that the winding start of the flat wire does not get in the way. And it is wrapped at an angle. In FIG. 3, an insulating bobbin 4c is mounted on the tooth portion 2c of the stator 1c, and a flat wire 3c is wound around the tooth portion 2c. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view in the axial direction so that the substantially central portion of the tooth portion 2c of the stator 1c can be seen from the radial side surface. Insulating bobbins 4c are provided with track portions 5a and 5b extending obliquely from the upper end to the lower end of the stator 1c in order to wind the flat wire 3c.

  In addition, the specification of the U-shaped coil is described in JP 2002-153002 A (see Patent Document 2), and the teeth of the stator in which the ends of the U-shaped coil formed into a U-shape are stacked. Is inserted into a slot with the end of the U-shaped coil connected. In FIG. 4, the insulating bobbin 4d is mounted on the tooth portion 2d of the stator 1d, the U-shaped coil 3d is mounted across the tooth portion 2d of the stator 1d, and the coil ends 6a and 6b are connected by welding or the like. is doing. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view in the axial direction so that the substantially central portion of the tooth portion 2d of the stator 1d can be seen from the side surface in the inner diameter direction.

JP 2003-9480 A JP 2002-153002 A

  For example, when a winding having a large wire diameter is wound around an insulating bobbin around such a low-voltage electric motor, winding thickening occurs. In particular, in the concentrated winding method in which the windings are wound directly around the teeth of the stator, the adjacent windings have different polarities. Further, at the corner portion of the insulating bobbin, the coil end cannot be bent with the minimum radius along the corner portion of the insulating bobbin, and the coil end becomes large. As a result, many windings cannot be wound in the slots of the stator, and the height of the coil ends is increased, making it difficult to achieve miniaturization and high performance of the motor.

  Also, since the wire diameter of the winding is large, the flexibility is poor, and the winding force by pulling the winding (hereinafter referred to as winding tension) must be increased, but if it becomes too strong, the winding will be damaged. Or breakage resulting in poor insulation. Further, by increasing the winding tension, the insulating bobbin itself may be damaged or pulled, leading to deformation of the laminated core. Therefore, the winding speed is reduced to reduce the influence on the winding, the insulating bobbin, and the laminated core as much as possible.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 3, when the winding of the flat wire 3c is used, the same problem as when using a winding with a large wire diameter occurs, and the winding start of the flat wire 3c does not get in the way. In this way, a resin overhang is provided on the insulating bobbin 4c, and the track portions 5a and 5b for guiding the flat wire 3c are formed obliquely. As a result, since the winding is wound obliquely as a whole, there are places where the winding cannot be wound despite the portion where the winding can be wound. Therefore, the flat wire 3c cannot be wound around the slot of the stator 1c as expected.

  In addition, when the U-shaped coil 3d is used as shown in FIG. 4, the winding and insulation bobbin 4d due to the thickening or winding tension generated in the winding 3c having a large wire diameter or the rectangular wire 3c, the laminated There is almost no effect on the core, etc., but before inserting the coil into the slot, the coil is formed into a U shape in advance, or after inserting the tooth portion 2d of the laminated stator 1d into the adjacent slot, The ends 6a and 6b of the U-shaped coil 3d must be connected by welding or the like, resulting in poor work efficiency and high cost.

  In addition, when used with a motor for a vehicle, a large current flows through the winding of the stator, so that the winding generates heat and deteriorates the performance of the motor.

  In view of this, the present invention reduces the size of the motor by increasing the space factor (ratio of the winding in the slot) by winding as many windings used in the stator of the low-voltage motor as much as possible in the slots of the stator. Achieve high performance. In addition, the stator of an electric motor aimed at improving the quality by reducing the loss and damage to the winding accompanying the heat generation of the winding, reducing the damage and deformation of the insulating bobbin and laminated core, etc. The winding method and the stator of the motor.

  An insulating bobbin is mounted on a tooth portion of the stator of the electric motor, and the insulating bobbin is an electric motor in which N (N is an integer of 1 or more) windings are concentrated and wound simultaneously. In the winding method of winding around the insulating bobbin, in the first step, at least a part of the winding portion concentratedly wound on the insulating bobbin is aligned and wound at a pitch of about N times the wire diameter of the winding. After the second step, the winding method of the stator of the motor in which the winding is piled up in N stages in at least a part of the winding portion concentratedly wound on the insulating bobbin, and the stator of the motor.

  Further, the winding advance direction of the winding in the second step advances the winding in a direction opposite to the winding advance direction of the winding in the first step, and the winding advance direction of the winding in the subsequent steps is The winding method of the stator of the electric motor performed alternately and the stator of the electric motor are used.

  In particular, the present invention relates to a winding method used for a stator of a low-voltage electric motor, and does not use a winding having a large wire diameter, a rectangular wire, a U-shaped coil, etc. As the space factor increases, the coil end can be reduced. Thereby, miniaturization and high performance of the electric motor can be achieved. In addition, loss due to heat generation of the winding, damage to the winding, and breakage can be reduced, and breakage and deformation of the insulating bobbin and laminated core can be reduced to improve quality.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a tooth portion 2a in a concentrated winding method in which an insulating bobbin 4a is mounted on a tooth portion 2a of the stator 1a of the electric motor of FIG. 1 and a winding 3a is wound directly from above the insulating bobbin 4a. . N (N is an integer of 1 or more) windings 3a wound directly from above the insulating bobbin 4a are simultaneously drawn from one nozzle of the winding machine and wound directly on the teeth 2a of the stator 1a. Two windings 3a are drawn out from one nozzle of the winding machine in this embodiment, and the two windings are simultaneously wound around the insulating bobbin 4a attached to the tooth portion 2a of the stator 1a. ing.

  The winding method of the stator of the motor with such a low voltage specification is such that a winding having a considerably large cross-sectional area such as a winding having a large wire diameter or a flat wire 3c in FIG. Although the flexibility is poor and winding is easy, the windings wound around the adjacent tooth portions 2c contact each other in the slot, resulting in poor insulation, and the finished height of the coil end is increased. As shown, a winding 3a having a small wire diameter, specifically, a multiple winding 3a having a diameter of φ1.5 or less, facilitates handling and improves flexibility.

  Further, the winding 3a is familiar with the corner portion of the insulating bobbin 4a, and the windings 3a wound around the adjacent tooth portions 2a of the stator 1a do not contact each other in the slot. Further, the finished height of the coil end can be reduced.

  In addition, since the wire diameter is thin, the pulling force and winding tension of the winding 3a can be made weaker than that of a winding having a large wire diameter or a flat wire 3c. The damage and breakage of 4a can be reduced, and damage and deformation to the laminated core can be eliminated. Further, before inserting into the slot like the U-shaped coil 3d in FIG. 4, the coil is formed into a U-shape in advance, or inserted into an adjacent slot with the tooth portion 2d of the laminated stator 1d interposed therebetween. After that, the operation of connecting the end portions 6a and 6b of the U-shaped coil 3d is not required.

  In addition, when N windings drawn from one nozzle of the winding machine are wound around the insulating bobbin 4a without regularity, the winding having a larger wire diameter, the rectangular wire 3c, etc. The same problem occurs. In the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention, the two windings 3a are regularly wound around the insulating bobbin 4a.

The two windings 3a in FIG. 1 are, for example, a case where two windings of φ0.9 to φ1.5 are provided. It is.
The first stage of the insulating bobbin 4a attached to the tooth portion 2a of the stator 1a is wound in alignment with two in parallel as the first step. Accordingly, two windings 3a are wound at the same time, and the winding pitch is wound at an interval approximately twice the wire diameter.

  Specifically, referring to FIG. 1, as the first step, the winding pitch from the first turn winding (1, 1 ′) to the fourth turn winding (4, 4 ′) is approximately twice the wire diameter. Windings 3a are wound in alignment at intervals. As the first step from the outer diameter side to the inner diameter side of the stator 1a of the slot surrounded by the insulating bobbin 4a, the first turn windings (1, 1 ') are sequentially wound in order and the fourth turn winding is performed. Winding up to line (4, 4 ').

  Next, as a second step on the first step, the second step and the third step are wound in the direction opposite to the winding advance direction of the windings (1 to 4, 1 ′ to 4 ′) of the first step. Wind the line (5-11, 5'-11 ', 12). In the second step, one of the two windings (5 to 11) is sequentially arranged on the windings (1 to 4, 1 'to 4') aligned and wound in the first stage, It is wound so as to be positioned in a gap between the first-stage windings. The other one of the two holding wires (5 ′ to 11 ′, 12) is wound as the third stage, and is positioned so as to be positioned in the gap between the second stage windings. The third stage is wound simultaneously with the windings (5 to 11) wound around the stage. Accordingly, the third stage windings (5 ′ to 11 ′, 12) are wound at the same time as the second stage windings (5 to 11), and have a slight angle with the second stage windings (5 to 11). They are piled up and wound diagonally.

  Also, the winding advance direction is such that the winding (5) of the first turn of the second stage and the winding (5 ') of the first turn of the third stage have a slight angle and are piled diagonally. The insulation bobbin 4a is wound from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side of the stator 1a. One of the two windings (5 to 11) is the other of the two windings from the first winding (5) of the second stage to the seventh winding (11). The one winding (5 ′ to 11 ′) is wound from the first turn (5 ′) of the third stage to the seventh turn (11 ′). A winding (12) that is a continuation of the second-stage winding is wound next to the third-stage seventh turn.

  Furthermore, the fourth stage and the fifth stage are the fourth stage in the direction opposite to the winding advance direction of the windings (5 to 11) and (5 ′ to 11 ′, 12) wound around the second stage and the third stage. Wind the fifth-stage windings (12 ′ to 18 ′) and (13 to 19 and 19 ′). (The same as the winding advance direction of the first-stage windings (1 to 4, 1 ′ to 4 ′)). However, the first winding (12, 12 ') at the beginning of the fourth and fifth windings is one of the two windings (12) at the final turn of the third. It is caught in a gap next to a winding (11 ') of a certain 7th turn. Therefore, the first turn of the 4th stage becomes the winding (12 ′), and then the winding (18 ′) is wound, and the winding of the next turn of the winding (12) wound on the 3rd stage ( 13) is wound as the winding (13) of the first turn of the fifth stage.

  As a result, similarly to the windings (5 to 11) and (5 ′ to 11 ′, 12) wound in the second stage and the third stage, they are positioned in the gap between the windings. The fourth-stage windings (12 ′ to 18 ′) are wound, and the fifth-stage windings (13 to 19, 19 ′) are wound at the same time. The windings (5-11) and (5′-11 ′, 12) stacked obliquely of the windings wound in the second and third stages are the two windings stacked. The distance between them will be a little wider, but it looks the same. After that, the two windings (19, 19 ') of the final turn of the fifth stage are simultaneously wound, and the winding method of the second stage to the fifth stage is repeated from the sixth stage thereafter. become.

In the winding method shown in FIG. 2, the two windings 3b fit in the first stage of the insulating bobbin 4b without any gap, but one of the two windings 3b in the final turn is in the upper stage. The winding method in the case of winding is shown.
The first stage of the insulating bobbin 4b attached to the tooth portion 2b of the stator 1b is wound in alignment with the two in parallel as the first step. Since two windings 3b are wound at the same time, the winding pitch of the winding 3b is wound at an interval approximately twice the wire diameter.

  This will be specifically described with reference to FIG. As a first step, the winding 3b is aligned with the winding pitch from the winding (1, 1 ') of the first turn to the winding (4, 4') of the fourth turn at an interval approximately twice the wire diameter. It is wrapped around As the first step from the outer diameter side to the inner diameter side of the stator 1b in the slot surrounded by the insulating bobbin 4b, the first turn winding (1, 1 ') is sequentially wound in order and the fifth turn winding is performed. Winding up to the line (5, 5 '). However, since the winding (5) of the fifth turn cannot be accommodated in the first stage of the insulating bobbin 4b, it has shifted to the upper stage.

  Next, as a second step on the first step, the second step and the third step are wound in the direction opposite to the winding advance direction of the windings (1-5, 1′-5 ′) of the first step. Wind the line (5-12, 6'-13 ', 13). In the second step, one of the two windings (5 to 12) is sequentially placed on the windings aligned and wound in the first stage, and the first stage winding and the winding It is wound so as to be located in the gap between them. The other one of the two holding wires (6 ′ to 13 ′, 13) is wound as the third stage, and is positioned so as to be positioned in the gap between the second stage windings. The third stage is wound simultaneously with the windings (5 to 12) wound around the stage. Therefore, the third-stage windings (6 ′ to 13 ′ and 13) are wound at the same time as the second-stage windings (5 to 12). It will be piled up and wrapped around. In FIG. 1, the windings can be arranged on the insulating bobbin without any gaps. However, in FIG. 2, one of the two windings (5) is placed in the first stage of the insulating bobbin 4b. Since it is not possible, it has moved to the upper stage.

  In FIG. 2, the first turn winding (5) in the second stage is a winding that has been moved to the upper stage, and two of the two windings (5) in the gap next to the first turn winding (5) Winding from winding (6) to winding 8 of turn 8 (12) after the second turn of one winding (5), winding (6 ') to winding 8 of the third turn The second and third stages are wound from the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the insulating bobbin 4b so that the second and third stages have a slight angle and are stacked diagonally. Two windings (13, 13 ') are simultaneously wound in the final turn of the third stage.

  Furthermore, the fourth stage and the fifth stage are the fourth stage and the fifth stage in the direction opposite to the winding advance direction of the windings (5 to 12, 6 'to 13', 13) wound on the second stage and the third stage. Winding the windings (14, 14 'to 20', 15 to 21, 21 ', 22') of the stage (winding advance direction of the windings (1 to 4, 1 'to 5') of the first stage) the same). However, the winding (14) of the first turn at the beginning of the 4th stage also winds the winding (14 ') of the other winding of the two at the same time. Windings (14) and (14 ') are caught in the eyes. The fourth stage and the fifth stage are wound at the same time from the second turn winding (15 ') of the fourth stage and the first turn winding (15) of the fifth stage. The fourth stage is wound up to the winding (20 ') of the seventh turn. The winding (21) and the winding (21 ′) are wound at the same time on the seventh turn of the fifth stage. In addition, the winding (22 ') of the eighth turn is wound in the gap adjacent to the winding (21'), but the other winding (22) of the two has five stages of the insulating bobbin 4b. Since it cannot fit in the eyes, it has moved to the top.

  Therefore, the first turn of the fourth stage winding (14) and (14 ') are simultaneously wound, and the next turn (21) and (21 of the winding (20) wound on the fifth stage. ') Is also wound on the fifth stage, and one of the two windings (22') is also wound on the eighth turn of the final turn of the fifth stage. The other one of the two holding wires (22) is wound in the sixth stage. Note that the windings (5-12, 6'-13 ', 13) stacked diagonally in the second and third stages are slightly wider than the distance between the two windings. Will look the same.

  As a result, the last turn of the fifth stage becomes the winding (22 ') and the winding (22) of the first turn of the sixth stage. Thereafter, the second to fifth winding methods are repeated from the second turn of the sixth stage.

  In this embodiment, the number of windings drawn from one nozzle of the winding machine is two, but even in the case of having more than one, the first step of the first step is the same. At least a part of the winding portion of the concentrated winding wound on the insulating bobbin is aligned winding at a pitch of about N times the wire diameter of the winding, and the winding portion of the concentrated winding on the insulating bobbin after the second step. The winding method used for the stator of a low-voltage motor is to use a winding wire with a large wire diameter, a rectangular wire, a U-shaped coil, etc. The coil end can be made smaller at the same time by winding as many windings as possible in the stator slots without increasing the space factor. Miniaturization and high performance of the electric motor can be achieved. In addition, loss due to heat generation of the winding, damage to the winding, and breakage can be reduced, and breakage and deformation of the insulating bobbin and the laminated core can be reduced to improve quality.

  In addition, many motors manufactured as stators for low-voltage motors require a small number of windings, and are required for motors manufactured with thick wire diameters, rectangular wires, U-shaped coils, etc. It is difficult to cope with characteristics by changing the number of turns and the wire diameter of the winding finely. In the winding method in which a plurality of thin wire diameter windings are simultaneously wound as in the present invention, the number of turns and the wire diameter of the windings can be finely adjusted, so that the required performance of the motor is easily satisfied. be able to. In this embodiment, the winding machine has one nozzle, but a plurality of nozzles may be used. In particular, when the number of nozzles of the winding machine is one, the winding can be easily wound without requiring difficult control of the winding machine. In addition, the number of parts of the winding machine can be reduced.

The partial cross-sectional view of the slot by the winding method of the stator of the electric motor by this invention. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a slot according to another winding method of a stator of an electric motor according to the present invention. The fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view of the slot by the winding method of the rectangular wire in the past. The fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view of the slot by the winding method of the conventional U-shaped coil.

Explanation of symbols

  1a, 1b, 1c, 1d ... Stator, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d ... Tooth, 3a, 3b, 1-30, 1'-30 '... Winding, 3c ... Flat angle Wires, 3d, U-shaped coils, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, bobbins for insulation, 5a, 5b, overhang of the track portion, 6a, 6b, end portions.

Claims (4)

An insulating bobbin is mounted on a tooth portion of the stator of the electric motor, and the insulating bobbin is an electric motor in which N (N is an integer of 1 or more) windings are simultaneously concentrated and wound. In the winding method of winding around the insulating bobbin, in the first step, at least a part of the winding portion concentratedly wound on the insulating bobbin is aligned and wound at a pitch of about N times the wire diameter of the winding. A method for winding a stator of an electric motor, characterized in that, after step 2, at least a part of a winding portion concentrated and wound on the insulating bobbin has an N-stage winding. The winding advance direction of the winding in the second step advances the winding in a direction opposite to the winding advance direction of the winding in the first step, and the winding advance direction of the winding is alternate in the subsequent steps. 2. The method for winding a stator of an electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator winding is performed by replacement. An insulating bobbin is mounted on a tooth portion of the stator of the electric motor, and the insulating bobbin is an electric motor in which N (N is an integer of 1 or more) windings are simultaneously concentrated and wound. In the winding method of winding around the insulating bobbin, in the first step, at least a part of the winding portion concentratedly wound on the insulating bobbin is aligned and wound at a pitch of about N times the wire diameter of the winding. A stator for an electric motor characterized in that, after the step 2, the winding is piled up in N stages in at least a part of the winding portion concentratedly wound on the insulating bobbin. The winding advance direction of the winding in the second step advances the winding in a direction opposite to the winding advance direction of the winding in the first step, and the winding advance direction of the winding is alternate in the subsequent steps. The stator for an electric motor according to claim 3, wherein the stator is replaced.

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