JP2006250427A - Absorption refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an absorption refrigerating machine having improved performance while suppressing the degradation of its reliability. <P>SOLUTION: The absorption refrigerating machine 1 has a high temperature regenerator 3 using the heat of a heat source for heating and a low temperature regenerator 5 using the heat of refrigerant vapor generated by the high temperature regenerator 3 for heating. It comprises refrigerant liquid amount detecting means 33, 41 for detecting the amount of refrigerant liquid residing in the low temperature regenerator 5 and refrigerant flow amount control means 37, 41 for controlling the flow amount of the refrigerant liquid in a refrigerant liquid flow path 29 depending on the amount of the refrigerant liquid detected by the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means 33. Thus, the flow of the refrigerant vapor into a refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is suppressed and the performance is improved. The flow amount of the refrigerant liquid is increased as the amount of the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature regenerator 5 is increased, therefore suppressing the malfunction of the absorption refrigerating machine which is caused by the refrigerant liquid residing in the low temperature regenerator 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly, to an absorption refrigerator having a high-temperature regenerator and a low-temperature regenerator as regenerators.

  In an absorption chiller having a high temperature regenerator and a low temperature regenerator, refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature regenerator is used for heating in the low temperature regenerator. The refrigerant liquid condensed by being used for heating in the low temperature regenerator is guided to the condenser by the refrigerant liquid flow path. The refrigerant liquid flow path provided between the low-temperature regenerator and the condenser exchanges heat with the rare-solution flow path through which a part of the rare solution from the absorber flows, so that the refrigerant liquid There is a refrigerant heat exchanger that collects the heat of the condensed refrigerant liquid flowing through the flow path into a rare solution led to a low-temperature regenerator (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In such an absorption chiller, if the refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator flows into the refrigerant heat exchanger without condensing in the low-temperature regenerator, the performance of the absorption chiller is reduced. For this reason, in order to condense the refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam from a high temperature regenerator with a low temperature regenerator, according to the exit temperature from the refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger of a refrigerant liquid to a refrigerant | coolant liquid flow path like the absorption refrigeration machine of patent document 1. A flow rate control valve for controlling the opening degree, an orifice for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid according to the relationship between the diameter of the bored hole and the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side are provided. Is provided with a flow path resistance.

JP 2003-287315 A (page 3-4, FIG. 1)

  By the way, for example, as the temperature of the coolant supplied to the condenser for condensing and liquefying the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator or the low-temperature regenerator decreases, the pressure in the high-temperature regenerator and the condenser The difference becomes smaller. For this reason, depending on the temperature of the cooling liquid supplied to the condenser, the opening degree is controlled in the refrigerant liquid flow path according to the outlet temperature of the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant heat exchanger as in a conventional absorption refrigerator. If a flow control valve or orifice is provided, the refrigerant liquid may not flow. If the refrigerant liquid stops flowing through the refrigerant liquid flow path, the refrigerant liquid accumulates in the low-temperature regenerator, causing problems such as an increase in the concentration of the absorbing liquid and crystallization, which hinders the operation of the absorption refrigerator. This will reduce the reliability, for example, the absorption refrigerator will stop abnormally.

  On the other hand, in order to suppress such a decrease in reliability, the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid flow path is increased by increasing the opening degree of the flow control valve and the orifice diameter with respect to the outlet temperature of the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant heat exchanger. It is conceivable to set a large value. However, if the opening of the flow control valve or the orifice diameter is increased with respect to the outlet temperature of the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant heat exchanger, the refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator condenses in the low-temperature regenerator during the rated operation of the absorption refrigerator. Without flowing into the refrigerant heat exchanger, the performance of the absorption chiller is degraded. Thus, in the conventional absorption refrigerator, there is a problem that the performance of the absorption refrigerator cannot be improved if it is attempted to suppress a decrease in reliability. For this reason, there is a demand for an absorption refrigerator that can improve performance while suppressing a decrease in reliability.

  The subject of this invention is improving a performance, suppressing the fall of reliability.

  The absorption refrigerator of the present invention includes a high-temperature regenerator that performs heating with heat from a heat source, a low-temperature regenerator that performs heating with heat of refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, and an absorber. Refrigerant that exchanges heat between a refrigerant liquid channel that guides the condensed refrigerant liquid used for heating in the low temperature regenerator to the condenser and a rare solution channel through which a part of the rare solution from the absorber flows. It is an absorption refrigerator provided with a heat exchanger, and according to the amount of refrigerant liquid detecting means for detecting the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator and the amount of refrigerant liquid detected by this refrigerant liquid amount detecting means The above problem is solved by providing a refrigerant flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid flow path.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to appropriately adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid, thereby condensing the refrigerant vapor with the low-temperature regenerator and suppressing the inflow of the refrigerant vapor to the refrigerant heat exchanger, thereby improving the performance. Furthermore, even if the flow of the refrigerant liquid becomes poor due to a condition such as the temperature of the cooling liquid supplied to the condenser being lowered, if the amount of the refrigerant liquid in the low-temperature regenerator increases, The flow rate of can be increased. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low-temperature regenerator and to suppress a decrease in reliability. Therefore, the performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in reliability.

  Further, at least a part of the refrigerant liquid flow path is branched into two flow paths in parallel, and an orifice is provided in one of the branched portions of the refrigerant liquid flow path. And an on-off valve that opens and closes according to the amount of refrigerant liquid detected by the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means. By adopting such a configuration, a flow path provided with an opening / closing valve in parallel with the orifice is installed in an absorption refrigerator having a configuration with a conventional orifice while suppressing a decrease in reliability. Performance can be improved.

  At this time, the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means is a coolant that liquefies the combustion amount of the high temperature regenerator and the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator as a value correlated with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator. The temperature of the outlet from the condenser is detected. Even with such a configuration, the flow rate of the refrigerant can be adjusted according to the amount of the refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator.

  The refrigerant flow rate adjusting means includes a proportional valve that is provided in the refrigerant liquid flow path and whose opening degree is variable in proportion to the amount of refrigerant liquid detected by the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means. Even in such a configuration, the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid can be appropriately adjusted according to the condensed state of the refrigerant vapor in the low-temperature regenerator, so that the performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in reliability.

  At this time, the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means is configured to detect the combustion amount of the high temperature regenerator and the pressure in the high temperature regenerator as a value correlated with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator. Even with such a configuration, the flow rate of the refrigerant can be adjusted according to the amount of the refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator.

  The refrigerant liquid amount detection means has a float that moves according to the liquid level of the refrigerant liquid reservoir where the refrigerant liquid condensed by the low temperature regenerator accumulates, and the refrigerant flow rate adjustment means opens in conjunction with the movement of the float. The float has a variable valve, and the float and the valve are connected by a connecting member that transmits the movement of the float to the valve. With such a configuration, the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid can be controlled in accordance with the amount of the refrigerant liquid with only a mechanical configuration.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to improve performance while suppressing a decrease in reliability.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of an absorption chiller to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of an absorption chiller to which the present invention is applied.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the absorption refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment includes a high temperature regenerator 3, a low temperature regenerator 5, a condenser 7, an evaporator 9, and an absorber 11. The high-temperature regenerator 3 is a direct-fired regenerator that heats a heat medium by combustion of a boiler, a regenerator that uses a heated heat medium as a heat source, or the like. The high temperature regenerator 3 includes a first refrigerant vapor line 13 through which refrigerant vapor generated by heating of the rare solution in the high temperature regenerator 3 flows, and a concentrated solution in which the concentration of the absorbing liquid is increased by generation of the refrigerant vapor. Are connected to the first concentrated solution line 15 through which the refrigerant flows and the first diluted solution line 17 for returning the diluted solution accumulated at the bottom of the evaporator 7 and the absorber 11 to the high-temperature regenerator 3. . The rare solution is, for example, a solution composed of lithium bromide and water. In this case, water serves as a refrigerant and lithium bromide serves as an absorbing solution.

  The low temperature regenerator 5 heats the rare solution by exchanging heat between the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature regenerator 3 and the rare solution from the evaporator 9 and the absorber 11. A flowing heat transfer tube 5a is provided inside. The first refrigerant vapor line 13 from the high temperature regenerator 3 is connected to one end of the heat transfer tube 5 a of the low temperature regenerator 5. Since the heat transfer tube 5a is a plurality of conduits, members such as a header tube and a manifold connected to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 5a are provided at both ends of the heat transfer tube 5a. Therefore, one end of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 5a is connected to a header tube (not shown) or the like, and the first refrigerant vapor line 13 is connected to the header tube (not shown) or the like.

  Similarly, in the low temperature regenerator 5 of the present embodiment, the other ends of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 5a are connected to a manifold 19 in which the refrigerant liquid condensed in the low temperature regenerator 5 is accumulated. Further, in the low-temperature regenerator 5, the concentration of the absorbing liquid is increased due to the generation of the refrigerant vapor, the second refrigerant vapor line 21 through which the refrigerant vapor generated by heating the rare solution in the low-temperature regenerator 5 flows. A second concentrated solution pipe 23 through which the concentrated solution flows and merges with the first concentrated solution pipe 15, and a rare solution accumulated at the bottom of the evaporator 9 and the absorber 11 is returned to the low temperature regenerator 5. A second dilute solution line 25, a third dilute solution line 27 and the like branched from the 1 dilute solution line 17 are connected. Further, the low temperature regenerator 5 is connected to the manifold 19 and is connected to the condenser 7 by a first refrigerant liquid line 29 that guides the refrigerant liquid in the manifold 19 into the condenser 7.

  The manifold 19 that functions as a refrigerant liquid reservoir in which the refrigerant liquid condensed in the low temperature regenerator 5 accumulates is detected, and the amount of the refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5 is detected by detecting the liquid level in the manifold 19. Is provided with a liquid level detector 33. The first refrigerant liquid line 29 is subjected to low temperature regeneration by exchanging heat between the refrigerant liquid flowing through the first refrigerant liquid line 29 and the rare solution flowing through the second dilute solution line 25. A refrigerant heat exchanger 31 is provided for recovering the heat of the refrigerant liquid condensed in the vessel 5 into a dilute solution.

  Further, the downstream portion of the first refrigerant liquid conduit 29 with respect to the refrigerant flow with respect to the refrigerant heat exchanger 31 has a hole diameter and a relationship between the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side. An orifice 35 for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid is provided. Further, the portion of the first refrigerant liquid conduit 29 downstream of the refrigerant heat exchanger 31 with respect to the refrigerant flow branches from the first refrigerant liquid conduit 29 in parallel to the orifice 35 and merges again. A parallel pipe line 29a is provided, and an electric on-off valve 37 is provided in the parallel pipe line 29a. The liquid level detector 33 and the electric on-off valve 37 are each electrically connected to the control unit 41 via the wiring 39.

  As the liquid level detector 33, an electrode bar type liquid level detector, a float type liquid level detector, or the like is used. When the liquid level in the manifold 19 rises above a preset position, the liquid level detector 33 turns on the upper switch by detecting the liquid level with the electrode rod or raising the float, and the signal is sent to the control unit 41. Send to. When the control unit 41 receives a signal from the liquid level detector 33 notifying that the liquid level in the manifold 19 has risen above a preset position, the control unit 41 opens the electric on-off valve 37. Send an open signal to command. As a result, the electric on-off valve 37 is opened.

  On the other hand, when the liquid level in the manifold 19 falls below a preset position, the liquid level detector 33 turns on the lower switch by detecting the liquid level with the electrode rod or lowering the float, It transmits to the control part 41. When the control unit 41 receives a signal from the liquid level detector 33 notifying that the liquid level in the manifold 19 has fallen below a preset position, the control unit 41 causes the electric on-off valve 37 to close the valve. Sends a close signal to command As a result, the electric on-off valve 37 is closed. Thus, in the present embodiment, the liquid level detector 33 and the control unit 41 constitute a refrigerant liquid amount detection means, and the electric on-off valve 37 and the control unit 41 constitute a refrigerant flow rate adjustment means.

  The condenser 7 includes therein a heat transfer tube 7a through which a coolant, for example, water, cooled by a cooling tower (not shown) flows. Therefore, in this embodiment, the cooling water becomes the cooling liquid of the condenser 7. A cooling water pipe 43 is connected to the heat transfer pipe 7a so that the cooling water can circulate between the heat transfer pipe 7a and a cooling tower (not shown). Further, the condenser 7 includes a second refrigerant vapor line 21 from the low-temperature regenerator 5, a first refrigerant liquid line 29 from the manifold 19, and a first liquid that leads the refrigerant liquid in the condenser 7 to the evaporator 9. Two refrigerant liquid lines 45 and the like are connected. When the operation of cooling the fluid by the evaporator 9 is performed, the refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the low-temperature regenerator 5 flowing into the condenser 7 is cooled by the cooling water flowing through the heat transfer pipe 7a. Condensed and liquefied.

  The evaporator 9 includes therein a heat transfer tube 9a through which a fluid cooled by the absorption refrigerator 1 such as water flows. The heat transfer pipe 9a is connected to a fluid circulation pipe 47 for circulating the fluid between equipment and equipment (not shown) that uses a fluid such as cooled water. Further, the evaporator 9 absorbs the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator 9 by allowing the refrigerant liquid dropped or sprayed on the heat transfer pipe 9a through the second refrigerant liquid pipe 45 to evaporate. 11 communicates.

  The absorber 11 includes therein a heat transfer tube 11a through which cooling water cooled by a cooling tower (not shown) flows. Further, the absorber 11 is connected to the first concentrated solution line 15, and the concentrated solution generated in the high temperature regenerator 3 and the second concentrated solution line 23 that merges with the first concentrated solution line 15. The concentrated solution produced by the low temperature regenerator 5 is dropped or spread on the heat transfer tube 11a of the absorber 11. The heat transfer pipe 11a is connected to a cooling water pipe 43 so that the cooling water can circulate between the heat transfer pipe 11a and a cooling tower (not shown). And since the heat exchanger tube 11a of the absorber 11 and the heat exchanger tube 7a of the condenser 7 are connected in series with respect to the cooling water pipe 43, the cooling water cooled with the cooling tower which is not shown in figure is a cooling water pipe. From the cooling tower (not shown), the heat transfer pipe 11a of the absorber 11, the heat transfer pipe 7a of the condenser 7, and the cooling tower (not shown) are circulated through the passage 43 in this order.

  A pump 49 is provided at the outlet of the first diluted solution pipe 17 from the absorber 11, and the diluted solution accumulated at the bottom of the evaporator 9 and the absorber 11 passes through the first diluted solution pipe 17. To the high temperature regenerator 3 via the second dilute solution line 25 and the third dilute solution line 27 branched from the first dilute solution line 17. From the junction with the second concentrated solution line 23, the downstream side of the flow of the dilute solution with respect to the flow of the dilute solution from the branch part between the pump 49 and the second dilute solution line 25 of the first dilute solution line 17. Also, the concentrated solution from the high temperature regenerator 3 and the low temperature regenerator 5 flowing through the portion of the first concentrated solution pipe 15 on the downstream side with respect to the flow of the concentrated solution and the inside of the first dilute solution pipe 17 are passed. A heat exchanger 51 for exchanging heat with the flowing rare solution is provided.

  Furthermore, the second concentrated solution line 23 and the downstream part of the dilute solution flow from the branch of the first dilute solution line 17 with the heat exchanger 51 and the third dilute solution line 27 are The concentrated solution from the high-temperature regenerator 3 that flows in the portion of the first concentrated solution pipe 15 upstream of the concentrated solution flow with respect to the flow of the concentrated solution and the first diluted solution pipe 17 A heat exchanger 53 is provided for exchanging heat with the diluted solution.

  The operation | movement regarding the characteristic part of this invention of the absorption refrigerator with such a structure is demonstrated. The operation of other absorption refrigerators is the same as that of a general absorption refrigerator. Further, here, when the fluid in the heat transfer tube 9a is cooled by the evaporator 9, for example, the absorption refrigeration machine 1 of the present embodiment is an outdoor unit of the air conditioning equipment, and the refrigerant supplied to the indoor unit is used as the evaporator 9 A description will be given of the case of cooling operation in which cooling is performed. However, the present invention can be applied not only to absorption refrigerators for air conditioning but also to absorption refrigerators for various purposes. In addition, the evaporator 9 only cools the fluid in the heat transfer tube 9a. The present invention can be applied to absorption refrigerators having various configurations such as those capable of cooling and heating the fluid in the heat pipe 9a.

  In the absorption refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant vapor generated by evaporating the refrigerant absorbed in the dilute solution by heating in the high temperature regenerator 3 flows into the first refrigerant vapor line 13. To the low-temperature regenerator 5. The refrigerant vapor guided to the low temperature regenerator 5 is rarely flowing into the low temperature regenerator 5 from the second rare solution pipe 25 or the third rare solution pipe 27 while flowing through the heat transfer pipe 5a. Heat exchange with solution. Thereby, the heat | fever of the refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam guide | induced to the low temperature regenerator 5 is collect | recovered by a rare solution, and a refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam condenses into a refrigerant | coolant liquid.

  At this time, in the absorption refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant liquid condensed from the refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator 3 led to the low-temperature regenerator 5 is accumulated in the manifold 19 and the liquid level in the manifold 19 is changed. When it rises above the preset position, the control unit 41 opens the valve on the electric on-off valve 37 by a signal from the liquid level detector 33. Thereby, for example, even when the pressure difference between the high temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 7 is reduced by operation under a condition where the temperature of the cooling water is relatively low, and the refrigerant liquid does not flow easily through the orifice 35, When the liquid level of the refrigerant liquid accumulated in the manifold 19 rises, the electric on-off valve 37 opens, so that the refrigerant liquid flows to the condenser 7 through the parallel conduit 29a, and the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid can be increased.

  Therefore, it is possible to suppress the refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low temperature regenerator 5 regardless of the operating conditions such as the temperature variation of the cooling water. Further, by preventing the refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low-temperature regenerator 5, it is possible to suppress an increase in the concentration of the absorbing liquid included in the rare solution circulating in the absorption refrigerator, the occurrence of crystallization, and the like. It is possible to prevent troubles in the operation of the refrigerator and the abnormal stop of the absorption refrigerator.

  On the other hand, if the liquid level in the manifold 19 is equal to or less than a preset position, the control unit 41 closes the electric open / close valve 37 in response to a signal from the liquid level detector 33. Thus, the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid is adjusted by the orifice 35 according to the pressure difference between the high temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 7, and the refrigerant vapor from the high temperature regenerator 3 is condensed in the low temperature regenerator 5. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the refrigerant vapor from the high temperature regenerator 3 to flow into the refrigerant heat exchanger 31, and the performance can be improved by improving the thermal efficiency and COP.

  Thus, in the absorption refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment, the amount of refrigerant liquid such as the liquid level detector 33 provided in the manifold 19 in order to detect the amount of refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5. In order to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid in accordance with the position of the liquid level detected by the detection means and the liquid level detector 33, that is, the amount of the refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5, Refrigerant flow rate adjusting means such as an electric on-off valve 37 provided in a parallel pipe line 29a piped in parallel is provided.

  For this reason, the refrigerant vapor is condensed in the low temperature regenerator 5 by appropriately adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid in the first refrigerant liquid line 29 even if there is a change in operating conditions such as the temperature change of the cooling water. Thus, the inflow of the refrigerant vapor to the refrigerant heat exchanger can be suppressed, and the performance can be improved. Further, since the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid can be increased by opening the electric on-off valve 37 when the amount of the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature regenerator 5 increases, the absorption refrigerator generated by the accumulation of the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature regenerator 5. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of defects that reduce the reliability of the device. That is, the performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in reliability.

  Further, in the absorption refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means is configured by an electric on-off valve 37 provided in a parallel pipe line 29 a piped in parallel with the orifice 35. For this reason, a simple modification such as installing a flow path with an on-off valve in parallel with the orifice in a conventional absorption refrigerator having a configuration with an orifice can improve performance while suppressing a decrease in reliability. It can be improved.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the structure which provided the liquid level detector 33 in the refrigerant | coolant liquid reservoir part like the manifold 19 was shown as a refrigerant | coolant liquid amount detection means. However, the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means is not limited to the configuration in which the liquid level detector is provided in the refrigerant liquid reservoir, and various configurations can be used as long as it can detect the amount of the refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator. For example, instead of directly detecting the amount of refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5, it is condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5 using a value correlated with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5. The refrigerant liquid amount detecting means for detecting the amount of the refrigerant liquid can also be used.

  Here, a description will be given of a modification of the present embodiment using the refrigerant liquid amount detection means that uses a value that correlates with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5. In the case of using the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means using a value correlated with the amount of the refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5, the liquid level detector 33 or the like is not provided in the member that becomes the refrigerant liquid reservoir such as the manifold 19, Although not shown in FIG. 1, as a refrigerant liquid amount detection means, a combustion amount detector for detecting the combustion amount of the high-temperature regenerator 3, a temperature detector for detecting the outlet temperature of the cooling water from the condenser, and the combustion The controller 41 is configured to control the opening / closing of the electric on-off valve corresponding to the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5 based on the combustion amount and temperature detected by the amount detector and the temperature detector.

  The refrigerant liquid pool in the low temperature regenerator 5 and the refrigerant vapor loss to the refrigerant heat exchanger 31 are the amount of refrigerant, that is, the amount of refrigerant vapor flowing into the low temperature regenerator 5, and the high temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 7. Affected by the pressure difference between. Therefore, it is assumed that the amount of refrigerant vapor flowing into the low temperature regenerator 5 is substantially proportional to the combustion amount of the high temperature regenerator 3, that is, the ratio (%) of the combustion amount at that time to the maximum combustion amount in the high temperature regenerator 3. Capture. Further, the pressure difference between the high temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 7 was regarded as corresponding to the outlet temperature from the condenser 7 of the cooling water.

  And when cooling the fluid in the heat transfer tube 9a with the evaporator 9 as in the cooling operation in the case of air conditioning, when the combustion amount is considered to be fixed, the outlet temperature from the condenser 7 of the cooling water is high. When the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, refrigerant vapor escape from the low-temperature regenerator 5 to the refrigerant heat exchanger 31 occurs. On the contrary, when the outlet temperature from the condenser 7 of the cooling water becomes low and reaches a predetermined temperature, a refrigerant liquid pool in the low temperature regenerator 5 that causes a problem in the operation of the absorption chiller 1 occurs.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, a refrigerant liquid pool limit line that is a straight line showing the relationship between the amount of combustion in the high temperature regenerator 3 and the temperature at which the refrigerant liquid pool in the low temperature regenerator 5 causes a problem. 201, and a refrigerant vapor escape limit line 203, which is a straight line showing the relationship between the amount of combustion in the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the temperature at which refrigerant vapor escape occurs, is experimentally determined and stored in the control unit 41. And the control part 41 from the condenser 7 of the cooling water detected with the temperature detector which is not illustrated with respect to the combustion amount in the high temperature regenerator 3 detected with the combustion amount detector which is not illustrated at that time When the outlet temperature of the refrigerant drops below the refrigerant liquid accumulation limit line 201, the electric on-off valve 37 is controlled to open. On the other hand, the control unit 41 detects the amount of combustion in the high-temperature regenerator 3 detected by a combustion amount detector (not shown) from the condenser 7 of the cooling water detected by a temperature detector (not shown) at that time. When the outlet temperature of the refrigerant rises above the refrigerant vapor escape limit line 203, control is performed to close the electric on-off valve 37.

  As described above, the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low-temperature regenerator 5 is not directly detected, and the value correlating with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low-temperature regenerator 5 is used as a value correlated with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low-temperature regenerator 5. By detecting the outlet temperature from the condenser 7 and controlling the opening and closing of the electric on-off valve 37, the performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in reliability. Furthermore, the conventional absorption type is simply installed by detecting the combustion amount of the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the outlet temperature from the condenser 7 of the cooling water and controlling the opening / closing of the electric on-off valve 37. Since the configuration of the refrigerator can be used as it is, processing such as installing the liquid level detector 33 is not required. For this reason, by performing a simple modification to the conventional absorption refrigerator, the performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in reliability.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of an absorption refrigerator to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of an absorption chiller to which the present invention is applied. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and configurations and features that are different from those in the first embodiment will be described.

  The difference between the absorption refrigerator of the present embodiment and the first embodiment resides in the configuration of the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means. That is, in the absorption chiller 55 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means is an electric motor provided at a portion downstream of the refrigerant heat exchanger 31 in the first refrigerant liquid conduit 29 with respect to the refrigerant flow. The proportional valve 57 includes a control unit 59 that controls the opening degree of the proportional valve 57. The control unit 59 is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor 33 provided in the manifold 19 serving as a refrigerant liquid storage unit in which the refrigerant liquid condensed in the low temperature regenerator 5 is stored, and the proportional valve 57 via the wiring 39. It is connected.

In the present embodiment, the liquid level detector 33 constituting the refrigerant liquid level detection means can detect the liquid level at as many positions as possible, or can detect the liquid level continuously. Use a vessel. The liquid level detector 33 transmits a signal corresponding to the liquid level position of the refrigerant liquid accumulated in the manifold 19. The control unit 59 stores a signal from the liquid level detector 33 experimentally determined in advance, that is, data of the opening degree of the proportional valve 57 with respect to the liquid level position of the refrigerant liquid. Then, the control unit 59
The opening degree of the proportional valve 57 is determined based on the signal from the liquid level detector 33 and the stored opening degree data of the proportional valve 57, and a signal corresponding to the determined opening degree is transmitted to the proportional valve 57. To do.

  In the absorption refrigerator 55 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant liquid condensed from the refrigerant vapor from the high temperature regenerator 3 led to the low temperature regenerator 5 accumulates in the manifold 19 and the liquid level in the manifold 19 rises. Accordingly, the control unit 59 increases the opening of the proportional valve 57 by the signal from the liquid level detector 33. Thus, for example, even if the pressure difference between the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 7 is reduced due to, for example, operation under a condition where the temperature of the cooling water is relatively low, the refrigerant liquid flows to the condenser 7 and the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid is reduced. Can increase. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low temperature regenerator 5 regardless of the operating conditions such as the temperature variation of the cooling water. Further, by preventing the refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low-temperature regenerator 5, it is possible to suppress an increase in the concentration of the absorbing liquid included in the rare solution circulating in the absorption refrigerator, the occurrence of crystallization, and the like. It is possible to prevent troubles in the operation of the refrigerator and the abnormal stop of the absorption refrigerator.

  On the other hand, as the liquid level in the manifold 19 is lowered, the control unit 59 reduces the opening degree of the proportional valve 57 by a signal from the liquid level detector 33. As a result, the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid is reduced, and the refrigerant vapor from the high temperature regenerator 3 is condensed in the low temperature regenerator 5, so that the refrigerant vapor from the high temperature regenerator 3 is less likely to flow into the refrigerant heat exchanger 31. The performance can be improved by improving COP and COP.

  Thus, in the absorption refrigerator 55 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant liquid amount such as the liquid level detector 33 provided in the manifold 19 in order to detect the amount of the refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5. In order to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid according to the position of the liquid level detected by the detection means and the liquid level detector 33, that is, the amount of the refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5, the first refrigerant liquid pipe Refrigerant flow rate adjusting means such as an electric proportional valve 57 provided in the passage 29 is provided.

  For this reason, even in the absorption chiller 55 of the present embodiment, the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid in the first refrigerant liquid conduit 29 can be appropriately adjusted even when there are fluctuations in operating conditions such as fluctuations in the temperature of the cooling water. The refrigerant vapor is condensed by the low-temperature regenerator 5 to suppress the inflow of the refrigerant vapor to the refrigerant heat exchanger, and the performance can be improved. Furthermore, since the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid can be increased by increasing the opening degree of the proportional valve 57 as the amount of the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature regenerator 5 increases, the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature regenerator 5 accumulates. Generation | occurrence | production of the malfunction which reduces the reliability of the absorption refrigerator which generate | occur | produces can be suppressed. That is, the performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in reliability.

  Furthermore, in the absorption refrigerator 55 of this embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, it is not necessary to provide a pipeline for providing an orifice and a pipeline for providing an electric on-off valve in parallel. Can be

  Also in this embodiment, the configuration in which the liquid level detector 33 is provided in the refrigerant liquid reservoir such as the manifold 19 as the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means is shown. However, the refrigerant liquid amount detection means is not limited to a configuration in which a liquid level detector is provided in the refrigerant liquid reservoir, and various configurations can be used as long as it can detect the amount of refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator. For example, instead of directly detecting the amount of refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low-temperature regenerator 5, it is condensed and accumulated in the low-temperature regenerator 5 using a value correlated with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low-temperature regenerator 5. The refrigerant liquid amount detecting means for detecting the amount of the refrigerant liquid can also be used.

  Here, a description will be given of a modification of the present embodiment using the refrigerant liquid amount detection means that uses a value that correlates with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5. In the case of using the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means using a value correlated with the amount of the refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5, the liquid level detector 33 or the like is not provided in the member that becomes the refrigerant liquid reservoir such as the manifold 19, Although not shown in FIG. 1, as a refrigerant liquid amount detection means, a combustion amount detector for detecting the combustion amount of the high temperature regenerator 3, a pressure detector for detecting the pressure of the high temperature regenerator 3, and a combustion amount detector And a controller 59 for controlling the opening of the proportional valve in accordance with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5 based on the combustion amount and pressure detected by the pressure detector.

  The refrigerant liquid pool in the low temperature regenerator 5 and the refrigerant vapor loss to the refrigerant heat exchanger 31 are the amount of refrigerant, that is, the amount of refrigerant vapor flowing into the low temperature regenerator 5, and the high temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 7. Affected by the pressure difference between. Therefore, it is assumed that the amount of refrigerant vapor flowing into the low temperature regenerator 5 is substantially proportional to the combustion amount of the high temperature regenerator 3, that is, the ratio (%) of the combustion amount at that time to the maximum combustion amount in the high temperature regenerator 3. Capture. Further, the pressure difference between the high temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 7 was regarded as corresponding to the pressure of the high temperature regenerator 3.

  When the correlation value correlating with the combustion amount of the high temperature regenerator 3 and the pressure of the high temperature regenerator 3 is X, the liquid value pool increases as the correlation value X increases. As the value of X increases, the opening degree of the proportional valve 57 is increased. On the other hand, as the correlation value X decreases, it becomes easier for the refrigerant vapor to escape, so the opening of the proportional valve 57 decreases as the correlation value X decreases. The correlation value X can be expressed as a function of the combustion amount of the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the pressure of the high-temperature regenerator 3, and the opening degree of the proportional valve 57 is obtained as a function of the correlation value X. be able to.

  Therefore, the value of the correlation value X that correlates with the combustion amount of the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the pressure of the high-temperature regenerator 3, and a proportional valve that causes refrigerant liquid accumulation and refrigerant vapor escape in the low-temperature regenerator 5 that cause problems. The relationship with the opening degree of 57 is obtained experimentally, and as a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the proportionality to the value of X that does not cause a problem of refrigerant liquid accumulation or refrigerant vapor escape in the low temperature regenerator 5 as shown in FIG. Data on the relationship with the opening degree of the valve 57 is obtained and stored in the control unit 59. And the control part 59 is based on the combustion amount in the high temperature regenerator 3 detected with the combustion amount detector which is not illustrated, and the pressure of the high temperature regenerator 3 detected with the pressure detector which is not illustrated at that time, By obtaining the correlation value X, the opening degree of the proportional valve 57 corresponding to the obtained correlation value X is determined from data as shown in FIG. 4, and a signal corresponding to the determined opening degree is transmitted to the proportional valve 57. The opening degree of the proportional valve 57 is controlled.

  In this way, the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low-temperature regenerator 5 is not directly detected, but the combustion amount and pressure of the high-temperature regenerator 3 are detected as values that correlate with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low-temperature regenerator 5. Also, the performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in reliability by adopting a configuration in which the opening degree of the proportional valve 57 is controlled. Furthermore, the configuration of the conventional absorption refrigerator can be used as it is simply by installing the control unit 59 for detecting the combustion amount and pressure of the high-temperature regenerator 3 and controlling the opening degree of the proportional valve 57. No processing such as installing the liquid level detector 33 is required. For this reason, by performing a simple modification to the conventional absorption refrigerator, the performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in reliability. In addition, with the configuration using the proportional valve 57, a configuration in which the proportional valve 57 only performs an opening / closing operation can be used as in the case of the electric on / off valve 37 described in the first embodiment. At this time, for example, the control unit such as the control unit 41 described in the first embodiment opens and closes the proportional valve 57 using the refrigerant liquid pool limit line 201, the refrigerant vapor escape limit line 203, and the like shown in FIG. Control.

(Third embodiment)
Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the absorption refrigerator to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of an absorption chiller to which the present invention is applied. In the present embodiment, the same components and the like as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and the configurations and features that are different from those in the first and second embodiments are described. explain.

  The difference between the absorption refrigerator of the present embodiment and the first and second embodiments is that the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means does not include an electrical control unit and is mechanically configured with respect to the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated. That is, only the refrigerant flow rate is adjusted. That is, the absorption refrigerator 61 of the present embodiment includes a ball tap type flow rate adjusting mechanism 63 that also serves as a refrigerant liquid amount detecting unit and a refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit. The ball tap type flow rate adjusting mechanism 63 is located in the manifold 19 of the low-temperature regenerator 5, and floats 63 a that move up and down according to the liquid level in the manifold 19, an arm part 63 b that is connected to the float 63 a, and a float part 63 a. It consists of a valve part 63c whose opening degree changes in conjunction with movement.

  In the ball tap type flow rate adjusting mechanism 63 of the present embodiment, the float 63a is attached to one end of the arm portion 63b, and the valve body 63d of the valve portion 63c is connected to the other end of the arm portion 63b. ing. Further, the end portion of the arm portion 63b on the side to which the valve body 63d is connected is pivotally supported so that the arm portion 63b can rotate. The valve portion 63 c is provided in a portion downstream of the refrigerant heat exchanger 31 in the first refrigerant liquid conduit 29 with respect to the refrigerant flow. The flow path in the valve portion 63c is partitioned by a partition plate 63e provided with a valve seat, and the valve is closed by fitting the valve body 63d into a hole in the valve seat portion formed in the partition plate 63e. When the valve body 63d is separated from the valve seat, the valve is opened, and the opening degree of the valve is increased as the valve body 63d is separated from the valve seat.

  Thus, the float 63a and the valve body 63d serve as a connecting member that transmits the movement of the float 63a to the valve body 63d of the valve part 63c, and are supported by the arm part 63b pivotally supported at the end part on the valve body 63d side. It is connected. For this reason, as the liquid level in the manifold 19 rises and the float 63a rises, the valve body 63d also rises. As a result, the valve body 63d moves away from the valve seat, and the valve opening increases. On the other hand, as the liquid level in the manifold 19 descends and the float 63a descends, the valve body 63d also descends. Thereby, the valve body 63d moves in the direction approaching the valve seat, and the opening degree of the valve is reduced.

  Therefore, in the absorption refrigerator 61 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant liquid condensed from the refrigerant vapor from the high temperature regenerator 3 led to the low temperature regenerator 5 is accumulated in the manifold 19 and the liquid level in the manifold 19 rises. Accordingly, the float 63a rises and the opening of the valve portion 63c increases. Thus, for example, even if the pressure difference between the high-temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 7 is reduced due to, for example, operation under a condition where the temperature of the cooling water is relatively low, the refrigerant liquid flows to the condenser 7 and the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid is reduced. Can increase. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low temperature regenerator 5 regardless of the operating conditions such as the temperature variation of the cooling water. Further, by preventing the refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low-temperature regenerator 5, it is possible to suppress an increase in the concentration of the absorbing liquid included in the rare solution circulating in the absorption refrigerator, the occurrence of crystallization, and the like. It is possible to prevent troubles in the operation of the refrigerator and the abnormal stop of the absorption refrigerator.

  On the other hand, as the liquid level in the manifold 19 is lowered, the float 63a is lowered and the valve body 63d is also lowered. Thereby, the valve body 63d moves in a direction approaching the valve seat, and the opening degree of the valve portion 63c is reduced. As a result, the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid is reduced, and the refrigerant vapor from the high temperature regenerator 3 is condensed in the low temperature regenerator 5, so that the refrigerant vapor from the high temperature regenerator 3 is less likely to flow into the refrigerant heat exchanger 31. The performance can be improved by improving COP and COP.

  As described above, in the absorption chiller 61 of the present embodiment, the ball tap type flow rate adjusting mechanism 63 that serves as both the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means and the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means is used for the refrigerant liquid condensed and accumulated in the low temperature regenerator 5. The position of the liquid level corresponding to the amount is detected, and the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid is adjusted according to the detected position of the liquid level. For this reason, even in the absorption chiller 61 of the present embodiment, the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid in the first refrigerant liquid conduit 29 can be appropriately adjusted even when there are fluctuations in operating conditions such as fluctuations in the temperature of the cooling water. The refrigerant vapor is condensed by the low-temperature regenerator 5 to suppress the inflow of the refrigerant vapor to the refrigerant heat exchanger, and the performance can be improved. Furthermore, since the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid can be increased by increasing the opening of the valve portion 63c of the flow rate adjusting mechanism 63 as the amount of the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature regenerator 5 increases, the refrigerant in the low temperature regenerator 5 can be increased. Generation | occurrence | production of the malfunction which reduces the reliability of the absorption refrigerator which generate | occur | produces when a liquid accumulates can be suppressed. That is, the performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in reliability.

  Further, in the absorption refrigerator 61 of the present embodiment, the amount of refrigerant liquid condensed in the low-temperature regenerator is converted into a corresponding electric signal, and the valve opening is set according to the electric signal corresponding to the amount of refrigerant liquid. A configuration for electrical control such as control can be eliminated.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the absorption refrigeration machine having the configuration of the first to third embodiments, and the heat of the refrigerant liquid from the high temperature regenerator, the low temperature regenerator, and the low temperature regenerator is diluted with the refrigerant heat exchanger. If it is the structure collect | recovered in a part, it can apply to the absorption refrigeration machine of various structures.

It is a block diagram which shows typically the schematic structure of 1st Embodiment of the absorption refrigerator which applies this invention. It is a figure explaining the control of opening / closing of the on-off valve in the modification of 1st Embodiment of the absorption refrigerator which applies this invention. It is a block diagram which shows typically schematic structure of 2nd Embodiment of the absorption refrigerator which applies this invention. It is a figure explaining control of the opening degree of the proportional valve in the modification of 2nd Embodiment of the absorption refrigerator which applies this invention. It is a block diagram which shows typically schematic structure of 3rd Embodiment of the absorption refrigerator which applies this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Absorption Refrigerator 3 High Temperature Regenerator 5 Low Temperature Regenerator 7 Condenser 9 Evaporator 11 Absorber 29 First Refrigerant Liquid Pipe 29a Parallel Pipe 31 Refrigerant Heat Exchanger 33 Liquid Level Detector 35 Orifice 37 Open / Close Valve 41 Control unit

Claims (6)

A high-temperature regenerator that heats by the heat of the heat source, a low-temperature regenerator that heats by the heat of the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, and an absorber, are used for heating in the low-temperature regenerator A refrigerant heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant liquid channel that guides the condensed refrigerant liquid to the condenser and a rare solution channel through which a part of the rare solution from the absorber flows is provided. Absorption refrigerator,
Refrigerant liquid amount detecting means for detecting the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator, and adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid flow path according to the amount of refrigerant liquid detected by the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means. An absorption refrigerator having a refrigerant flow rate adjusting means. At least a part of the refrigerant liquid flow path is branched into two flow paths in parallel, and an orifice is provided in one of the branched portions of the refrigerant liquid flow path. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, further comprising an on-off valve provided on the other of the branched portions of the path, which opens and closes according to the amount of refrigerant liquid detected by the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means. The refrigerant liquid amount detecting means liquefies the combustion amount of the high temperature regenerator and the refrigerant vapor generated by the high temperature regenerator and the low temperature regenerator as a value correlated with the amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 2, wherein an outlet temperature of the coolant from the condenser is detected. 2. The refrigerant flow rate adjusting means includes a proportional valve that is provided in the refrigerant liquid flow path and whose opening degree is variable in proportion to the amount of refrigerant liquid detected by the refrigerant liquid amount detecting means. Absorption type refrigerator as described in 1. The refrigerant liquid amount detecting means detects a combustion amount of the high temperature regenerator and a pressure in the high temperature regenerator as a value correlated with an amount of refrigerant liquid accumulated in the low temperature regenerator. Item 5. The absorption refrigerator according to Item 4. The refrigerant liquid amount detection means has a float that moves according to the liquid level of the refrigerant liquid reservoir where the refrigerant liquid condensed in the low-temperature regenerator accumulates, and the refrigerant flow rate adjustment means is interlocked with the movement of the float. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the float and the valve are connected by a connecting member that transmits movement of the float to the valve.

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