CN220524387U - Absorption heat exchanger unit - Google Patents
Absorption heat exchanger unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN220524387U CN220524387U CN202322152864.2U CN202322152864U CN220524387U CN 220524387 U CN220524387 U CN 220524387U CN 202322152864 U CN202322152864 U CN 202322152864U CN 220524387 U CN220524387 U CN 220524387U
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- heat exchanger
- absorber
- evaporator
- solution
- Prior art date
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 12
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an absorption heat exchanger unit, wherein a part of liquid refrigerant in a vapor-water separator of the unit can flow to an auxiliary absorber under the action of self gravity, the refrigerant absorbs heat in the auxiliary absorber to raise temperature, the refrigerant in a heat exchange tube of the auxiliary absorber is gasified under the internal pressure of the vapor-water separator, a vapor-liquid mixture returns to the inside of the vapor-water separator by virtue of the power, a power part is not required to be arranged on a first circulation loop formed by the vapor-water separator and the auxiliary absorber, the structure is simple, and a refrigerant concentration adjusting pipeline can be used for guiding a part of liquid refrigerant in the first circulation loop to the inside of an evaporator so as to adjust the concentration of salt solution in the evaporator.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchange, in particular to an absorption heat exchanger unit.
Background
Absorption refrigeration is the process of utilizing a substance pair with specific properties to produce a change in state of a substance by absorption and release of another substance, thereby accompanying endothermic and exothermic processes.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a current absorption heat exchanger unit.
The absorption heat exchange unit comprises a generator 4', a condenser 3', an absorber 2', an evaporator 1' and other main components, the working medium with special properties commonly used at present is mainly lithium bromide solution, the cooling water outlet temperature of the lithium bromide unit is related to the cooling water inlet temperature and the outlet solution concentration of the absorber, if lower cold water is required to be obtained, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, namely the evaporation pressure, the solution concentration of the absorber and the cooling water temperature are related, and the evaporation pressure is required to be reduced in the following two ways: the first way is: the second way is to reduce the temperature of the cooling water: the concentration of the solution is increased. While the second one involves a risk of crystallization by increasing the easy concentration, so that the first way is a viable solution to reduce the temperature of the cooling water. The cooling water inlet temperature is basically limited by the actual working condition of a customer, and is usually about 30-32 ℃, at the temperature, even if the risk of freezing the refrigerant is avoided by the way of pollution of the refrigerant of the evaporator, the evaporator of the absorption heat exchanger unit in the conventional process is difficult to reach the dew point temperature below 0 ℃, and cold water below 0 ℃ cannot be prepared.
Therefore, how to prepare cooling water with lower temperature under the same solution concentration is a technical problem facing the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides an absorption heat exchanger unit which can prepare cold water with the temperature lower than zero and has a simple structure.
The utility model provides an absorption heat exchanger unit which comprises a generator, a condenser, a main absorber, an auxiliary absorber, a steam-water separator and an evaporator, wherein the generator, the main absorber and the auxiliary absorber form a main solution circulation loop, and the auxiliary absorber is communicated with a steam outlet of the evaporator;
the vapor-water separator is used for flashing part of the refrigerant from the condenser into gaseous refrigerant and liquid refrigerant, and a vapor outlet of the vapor-water separator is communicated with a vapor inlet of the main absorber;
the steam-water separator is provided with a liquid refrigerant outlet, a heat exchange tube is arranged in the auxiliary absorber, the position of the liquid refrigerant outlet is higher than that of an inlet of the heat exchange tube, a first circulation loop of liquid refrigerant is formed by the steam-water separator and the heat exchange tube through a pipeline, and no power part is arranged on the first circulation loop;
the system further comprises a refrigerant concentration adjusting pipeline for adjusting the concentration of the salt solution in the evaporator, wherein the refrigerant concentration adjusting pipeline is used for guiding part of liquid refrigerant in the first circulation loop to the evaporator.
The liquid refrigerant in the vapor-water separator can flow to the auxiliary absorber under the action of gravity, the refrigerant absorbs heat in the auxiliary absorber to raise temperature, the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube of the auxiliary absorber can be gasified under the internal pressure of the vapor-water separator, the vapor-liquid mixture returns to the inside of the vapor-water separator by the power, and a power component is not required to be arranged on a first circulation loop formed by the vapor-water separator and the auxiliary absorber, so that the structure is simple.
The salt solution in the evaporator may be lithium bromide solution or other salt solution, the main purpose of which is to lower the freezing point of the cryogen.
Optionally, a level gauge is also included for measuring the level of the solution inside the evaporator.
Optionally, the system further comprises a regulating valve, wherein the refrigerant concentration regulating pipeline is used for guiding part of liquid refrigerant in the first circulation loop to the evaporator; the regulating valve is arranged on the refrigerant concentration regulating pipeline and used for controlling the disconnection or the connection of the refrigerant concentration regulating pipeline.
Optionally, the refrigerant concentration adjusting pipeline is connected between the liquid refrigerant outlet and the inlet of the heat exchange tube.
Optionally, the system further comprises a dilution pipeline and a dilution valve, wherein the dilution pipeline is used for guiding the liquid refrigerant to the auxiliary absorber, and the dilution valve is arranged on the dilution pipeline and used for controlling the disconnection or the connection of the dilution pipeline.
Optionally, the steam-water separator and the absorber are integrated inside a first housing, the auxiliary absorber and the evaporator are integrated inside a second housing, and the first housing is located above the second housing.
Optionally, the system further comprises a low-temperature heat exchanger and a high-temperature heat exchanger, wherein the low-temperature heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the auxiliary absorber and the solution flowing out of the main absorber;
the high-temperature heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the low-temperature heat exchanger and the solution flowing out of the generator.
Optionally, a solution pump is further included and disposed in the solution line between the auxiliary absorber and the generator to provide solution flow motive force.
Optionally, the generator, the auxiliary absorber and the main absorber are connected in series to form the main solution circulation loop.
Optionally, the evaporator further comprises a refrigerant circulation pipeline, the evaporator comprises a liquid outlet and a liquid inlet, the refrigerant circulation pipeline is connected between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and a refrigerant pump is arranged on the refrigerant pipeline and used for providing refrigerant flowing power for the refrigerant circulation pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a current absorption heat exchanger unit;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of an absorption heat exchanger unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Wherein, the one-to-one correspondence between each reference numeral and the component in fig. 1 to 2 is as follows:
1' an evaporator; a 2' absorber; a 3' condenser; a 4' generator;
1-an evaporator; 2-auxiliary absorber; 3-a steam-water separator; a 4-absorber; a 5-condenser;
a 6-generator; 7, a water receiving disc; 8-high temperature heat exchanger; 9-cryogenic heat exchanger; 10-refrigerant pump; 11-a solution pump; 12-dilution valve; 13-a regulating valve; 14-level gauge.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present utility model better understood by those skilled in the art, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a block diagram of an absorption heat exchanger unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
The absorption heat exchanger unit provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a generator 6, a condenser 5, a main absorber 4, an auxiliary absorber 2, a steam-water separator 3 and an evaporator 1.
The absorption heat exchanger unit can be used as a refrigerator or a heat pump.
When the absorption heat exchanger unit works as a refrigerator, the interface A is a low-temperature cold water inlet, the interface B is a low-position cold water outlet, the interface C is a cooling water inlet, and the interface D is a cooling water absorber outlet or a cooling water condenser 5 inlet; the working principle is as follows: the heat of the low-temperature cold water flowing through the evaporator 1 is absorbed by the unit; the heat is absorbed by the unit after the heat source is driven to flow through the generator 6; the cooling water flows through the absorber and the condenser 5 to take away the heat in the unit, and flows out after the temperature is raised.
When the absorption heat exchanger unit works as a heat pump, the interface A is a heat source water inlet, the interface B is a heat source water outlet, and the interface C is a hot water inlet; the interface D is a hot water absorber outlet or a hot water condenser 5 inlet, the interface E is a hot water outlet, and the interface F is a driving heat source inlet; the G interface is a driving heat source outlet; the working distance is as follows: the heat source water is absorbed by the unit after passing through the evaporator 1; the heat is absorbed by the unit after the heat source is driven to flow through the generator 6; the hot water flows through the absorber and the condenser 5, takes away the heat in the unit, and flows out after the temperature is raised.
The generator 6, the main absorber 4 and the auxiliary absorber 2 form a main solution circulation loop, the solution can be a salt solution such as lithium bromide or calcium chloride, the generator 6, the main absorber 4 and the auxiliary absorber 2 can form the main solution circulation loop in a serial or parallel connection mode, and the embodiment of the application shows that the three are connected in series to form the main solution circulation loop.
The evaporator 1 is provided with a salt solution, namely the salt solution added with salt solute and the refrigerant circularly flows in the evaporator 1, wherein the salt solution can be lithium bromide solution or other salt solutions, and the main purpose is to lower the freezing point of the refrigerant. The amount of solute in the salt solution in the evaporator 1 will normally not change during operation, mainly the amount of refrigerant (water).
In the embodiment of the application, the auxiliary absorber 2 is communicated with a steam outlet of the evaporator 1, and the evaporator 1 can provide steam for the auxiliary absorber 2; the internal pressure of the auxiliary absorber 2 substantially coincides with the internal pressure of the evaporator 1. In this embodiment, the auxiliary absorber 2 and the evaporator 1 are designed as an integral structure, that is, the auxiliary absorber 2 and the evaporator 1 are integrated inside the second housing 40, the second housing 40 includes two chambers, and the two chambers have channels for steam to pass through.
In this embodiment, the vapor-water separator 3 is configured to flash a portion of the refrigerant from the condenser 5 into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant, and the temperature of the liquid refrigerant is relatively low after the refrigerant is separated by the vapor-water separator 3. The steam outlet of the steam-water separator 3 is communicated with the steam inlet of the main absorber 4, and the gaseous refrigerant in the steam-water separator 3 can enter the main absorber 4 and can be absorbed by the solution flowing through the main absorber 4, and the solution is diluted to emit heat. The main absorber 4 and the steam-water separator 3 may be of integrated design, i.e. the main absorber 4 and the steam-water separator 3 are integrated inside the first housing 30, the first housing 30 comprising two chambers with channels for the passage of steam.
In this embodiment of the application, the vapor-water separator 3 has a liquid refrigerant outlet, the auxiliary absorber 2 has a heat exchange tube inside, the position of the liquid refrigerant outlet is higher than the inlet of the heat exchange tube, and the vapor-water separator 3 forms a first circulation loop of liquid refrigerant with the heat exchange tube through a pipeline.
The liquid refrigerant separated by the vapor-water separator 3 in the application can exchange heat with the solution inside the auxiliary absorber 2 through the heat exchange tube, cool the solution flowing through the auxiliary absorber 2, cool the solution inside the auxiliary absorber 2, reduce the internal temperature of the auxiliary absorber 2, reduce the internal pressure of the auxiliary absorber 2 correspondingly, and reduce the internal cavity pressure of the evaporator 1 communicated with the auxiliary absorber 2. The air pressure in the evaporator 1 is positively correlated with the cold water outlet temperature, and the air pressure in the evaporator 1 is reduced so as to reduce the cold water outlet temperature, thus the preparation of cold water with lower temperature, especially the preparation of cold water in the interval from minus five ℃ to zero degree can be realized.
In this embodiment, the liquid refrigerant in the vapor-water separator 3 exchanges heat with the solution in the auxiliary absorber 2 during the process of flowing through the heat exchange tube, and the liquid refrigerant after heat exchange enters the vapor-water separator 3 again for flash separation. That is, the steam-water separator 3 forms self-circulation through the heat exchange tube, and has a simple structure.
Also, in the embodiments of the present application, there is no power component on the first circulation loop.
Therefore, the liquid refrigerant in the vapor-water separator 3 can flow to the auxiliary absorber 2 under the action of gravity, the refrigerant absorbs heat in the auxiliary absorber 2 to raise the temperature, the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube of the auxiliary absorber 2 can be gasified under the pressure in the vapor-water separator 3, the vapor-liquid mixture returns to the inside of the vapor-water separator 3 by the power, and a power part is not required to be arranged on a first circulation loop formed by the vapor-water separator 3 and the auxiliary absorber 2, so that the structure is simple.
In order to ensure the reliability of the system operation, the concentration inside the evaporator 1 needs to be monitored.
In this embodiment, the absorption heat exchanger unit further comprises a level gauge 14 for measuring the level of the solution inside the evaporator 1. For embodiments having a drip tray 7 at the bottom of the evaporator 1, the level gauge 14 detects the level of liquid in the drip tray 7. In this embodiment, the evaporator 1 is provided with the liquid level meter 14, and the concentration of the solution in the evaporator 1 can be indirectly obtained by measuring the liquid level of the mixed solution in the evaporator 1, and compared with the arrangement of the concentration detection device, the arrangement of the liquid level meter 14 is simple in structure and low in cost. The level gauge 14 may be an electrode rod or a float valve or the like.
In the embodiment of the application, the absorption heat exchanger unit further comprises a refrigerant concentration adjusting pipeline 3c and an adjusting valve 13, wherein the refrigerant concentration adjusting pipeline 3c is used for guiding part of liquid refrigerant in the first circulation loop 3a to the evaporator 1; the regulating valve 13 is provided to the refrigerant concentration regulating pipe 3c for controlling the disconnection or connection of the refrigerant concentration regulating pipe 3 c. The refrigerant concentration adjusting line 3c is connected between the liquid refrigerant outlet and the inlet of the heat exchange tube.
The opening and closing of the regulating valve 13 can be controlled by a numerical value detected by the liquid level gauge 14, and when the liquid level is lower than a preset value, the concentration of the solution in the evaporator 1 is higher, and the regulating valve 13 can be opened to introduce a part of the refrigerant into the evaporator 11.
In this embodiment, the unit further includes a dilution pipeline 3b and a dilution valve 12, the dilution pipeline is used for draining the liquid refrigerant to the auxiliary absorber 2, and the dilution valve 12 is disposed on the dilution pipeline 3b and is used for controlling disconnection or communication of the dilution pipeline 3 b. When the refrigerant is required to be diluted, the diluting valve 12 is opened, and the liquid refrigerant in the vapor-water separator 3 is introduced into the auxiliary absorber 2 to realize the diluting function, so that the solute content of the salt solution in the evaporator 1 is not affected.
Of course, in order to avoid heat loss of the unit and improve the working efficiency of the unit, the absorption heat exchanger unit may further include a low-temperature heat exchanger 9 and a high-temperature heat exchanger 8, where the low-temperature heat exchanger 9 is used to assist the solution flowing out of the absorber 2 to exchange heat with the solution flowing out of the main absorber 4.
The high temperature heat exchanger 8 is used for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the low temperature heat exchanger 9 and the solution flowing out of the generator 6.
Of course, the absorption heat exchanger unit may also comprise a solution pump 11, a solution line arranged between the auxiliary absorber 2 and the generator 6, to provide solution flow dynamics.
In this embodiment, the absorption heat exchanger unit further includes a refrigerant circulation line 1a, the evaporator 1 includes a liquid outlet and a liquid inlet, the refrigerant circulation line 1a is connected between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, and the refrigerant circulation line 1a is provided with a refrigerant pump 10. I.e. the solution inside the evaporator 1 is self-circulating.
In the above embodiment, the main absorber 4 and the condenser 5 may be connected in series or parallel or series-parallel to the cooling water circuit.
In addition, the driving heat source of the generator 6 in the present application may be steam, hot water, heat conducting oil, flue gas, natural gas, artificial gas, light oil, heavy oil, etc., and any medium that can heat and concentrate a dilute solution may be regarded as the driving heat source.
Please refer to the current technology for other structures of the absorption heat exchanger unit, and the description thereof is omitted.
The absorption heat exchanger unit provided by the utility model is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present utility model have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present utility model and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the utility model can be made without departing from the principles of the utility model and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the utility model as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The absorption heat exchanger unit is characterized by comprising a generator, a condenser, a main absorber, an auxiliary absorber, a steam-water separator and an evaporator, wherein the generator, the main absorber and the auxiliary absorber form a main solution circulation loop, and the auxiliary absorber is communicated with a steam outlet of the evaporator;
the vapor-water separator is used for flashing part of the refrigerant from the condenser into gaseous refrigerant and liquid refrigerant, and a vapor outlet of the vapor-water separator is communicated with a vapor inlet of the main absorber;
the steam-water separator is provided with a liquid refrigerant outlet, a heat exchange tube is arranged in the auxiliary absorber, the position of the liquid refrigerant outlet is higher than that of an inlet of the heat exchange tube, a first circulation loop of liquid refrigerant is formed by the steam-water separator and the heat exchange tube through a pipeline, and no power part is arranged on the first circulation loop;
the system further comprises a refrigerant concentration adjusting pipeline for adjusting the concentration of the salt solution in the evaporator, wherein the refrigerant concentration adjusting pipeline is used for guiding part of liquid refrigerant in the first circulation loop to the evaporator.
2. The absorption heat exchanger unit as recited in claim 1 further comprising a level gauge for measuring the level of solution within said evaporator.
3. The absorption heat exchanger unit as recited in claim 2 further comprising a regulating valve disposed in said refrigerant concentration regulating line for controlling the disconnection or connection of said refrigerant concentration regulating line.
4. An absorption heat exchanger unit as recited in claim 3 wherein said refrigerant concentration adjustment line is connected between said liquid refrigerant outlet and said heat exchange tube inlet.
5. The absorption heat exchanger unit as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a dilution line for draining the liquid refrigerant to the auxiliary absorber and a dilution valve provided to the dilution line for controlling disconnection or connection of the dilution line.
6. The absorption heat exchanger unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the steam-water separator and the absorber are integrated inside a first housing, the auxiliary absorber and the evaporator are integrated inside a second housing, and the first housing is located above the second housing.
7. The absorption heat exchanger unit as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a low temperature heat exchanger and a high temperature heat exchanger, the low temperature heat exchanger being used for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the auxiliary absorber and the solution flowing out of the main absorber;
the high-temperature heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the solution flowing out of the low-temperature heat exchanger and the solution flowing out of the generator.
8. The absorption heat exchanger unit as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4 further comprising a solution pump disposed in a solution line between the auxiliary absorber and the generator to provide solution flow motive force.
9. The absorption heat exchanger unit as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the generator, the auxiliary absorber and the main absorber are connected in series to form the main solution circulation loop.
10. The absorption heat exchanger unit as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4 further comprising a refrigerant circulation line, said evaporator including a liquid outlet and a liquid inlet, said refrigerant circulation line being connected between said liquid inlet and said liquid outlet, said refrigerant circulation line being provided with a refrigerant pump for providing refrigerant flow power in said refrigerant circulation line.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202322152864.2U CN220524387U (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Absorption heat exchanger unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202322152864.2U CN220524387U (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Absorption heat exchanger unit |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN220524387U true CN220524387U (en) | 2024-02-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
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CN202322152864.2U Active CN220524387U (en) | 2023-08-10 | 2023-08-10 | Absorption heat exchanger unit |
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CN (1) | CN220524387U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-10 CN CN202322152864.2U patent/CN220524387U/en active Active
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