CN115111809A - Heat pump system for recovering waste heat of power plant - Google Patents
Heat pump system for recovering waste heat of power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN115111809A CN115111809A CN202210508997.6A CN202210508997A CN115111809A CN 115111809 A CN115111809 A CN 115111809A CN 202210508997 A CN202210508997 A CN 202210508997A CN 115111809 A CN115111809 A CN 115111809A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a heat pump system for waste heat recovery of power plant, including the generator, the condenser, the evaporimeter, the absorber, first cryogen steam storage device and heat exchanger, the generator passes through first cryogen steam pipe way intercommunication with the condenser, the condenser passes through second cryogen steam pipe way intercommunication with the evaporimeter, the evaporimeter passes through third cryogen steam pipe way intercommunication with the absorber, the absorber passes through fourth cryogen steam pipe way intercommunication with the heat exchanger, heat exchanger passes through fifth cryogen steam pipe way intercommunication with the generator, first cryogen steam storage device has first interface and the first interface of giving vent to anger, first interface and the first interface of giving vent to anger all communicate with first cryogen steam pipe way, be provided with first ooff valve on the first interface, be provided with the second ooff valve on the first interface of giving vent to anger. The first refrigerant steam storage device is used for matching the temperature and pressure fluctuation of high-temperature steam through the absorption and release of refrigerant steam so as to improve the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system in the recovery process.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of heat pump systems, in particular to a heat pump system for recovering waste heat of a power plant.
Background
The traditional thermal power plant usually adopts a steam turbine to supply heat in low vacuum, although partial waste heat can be recovered, a large amount of waste heat still exists in high-temperature steam and is not recovered, and at present, a heat pump system is generally adopted to further recover the waste heat of the high-temperature steam of the power plant. However, in the process of recovering the waste heat of the power plant, parameters such as pressure, flow rate and temperature of the high-temperature steam may have certain fluctuation, and at this time, in order to match with the heat load generated by the high-temperature steam, a series of adjustments need to be performed on the parameters in the heat pump system, which affects the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system in the process of recovering the waste heat of the power plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery to solve the technical problem that exists in the correlation technique.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present disclosure provides a heat pump system for recovering waste heat of a power plant, including a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a first refrigerant steam storage device and a heat exchanger, where the generator is communicated with the condenser through a first refrigerant steam pipeline, the condenser is communicated with the evaporator through a second refrigerant steam pipeline, the evaporator is communicated with the absorber through a third refrigerant steam pipeline, the absorber is communicated with the heat exchanger through a fourth refrigerant steam pipeline, the heat exchanger is communicated with the generator through a fifth refrigerant steam pipeline, the first refrigerant steam storage device has a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet and the first air outlet are both communicated with the first refrigerant steam pipeline, and a first switch valve is arranged on the first air inlet, and a second switch valve is arranged on the first air outlet interface.
Optionally, the first refrigerant vapor pipeline includes a first sub-refrigerant vapor pipeline and a second sub-refrigerant vapor pipeline connected in parallel, and a first air inlet interface and a first air outlet interface of the first refrigerant vapor storage device are both communicated with the first sub-refrigerant pipeline.
Optionally, the heat pump system for recovering waste heat of the power plant further includes a first regulating valve, and the first regulating valve is disposed on the second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline and is used for regulating the flow of refrigerant steam flowing through the second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline.
Optionally, the heat pump system for waste heat recovery of power plant further comprises a second refrigerant steam storage device, the second refrigerant steam storage device is provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet, the second air inlet is provided with a third switch valve, the second air outlet is provided with a fourth switch valve, and the second air inlet is communicated with the second air outlet and communicated with the third refrigerant steam pipeline.
Optionally, the third refrigerant vapor pipeline includes a third sub-refrigerant vapor pipeline and a fourth sub-refrigerant vapor pipeline connected in parallel, and both the third interface and the fourth interface of the second refrigerant vapor storage device are communicated with the third sub-refrigerant vapor pipeline.
Optionally, the heat pump system for recovering waste heat of the power plant further includes a second regulating valve, and the second regulating valve is disposed on the fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline and is configured to regulate a flow rate of refrigerant steam flowing through the fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline.
Optionally, the heat pump system for recovering waste heat of the power plant comprises:
a first circulation loop from the generator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, back to the generator;
a second circulation loop from the absorber, heat exchanger, generator, heat exchanger back to the absorber.
Optionally, the heat pump system for recovering waste heat of the power plant further comprises a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the first switch valve, the second switch valve, the third switch valve and the fourth switch valve, and the controller is configured to control the first switch valve, the second switch valve, the third switch valve and the fourth switch valve to open and close according to the flow state of the refrigerant vapor in the generator, the evaporator and the absorber.
Optionally, the heat pump system for waste heat recovery further comprises a first mass flow meter and a second mass flow meter, the controller is electrically connected with the first mass flow meter and the second mass flow meter, the first mass flow meter is arranged on the air inlet of the generator and is used for measuring a first mass flow value of refrigerant steam flowing into the generator from the air inlet, and the second mass flow meter is arranged on the water inlet of the absorber and is used for measuring a second mass flow value of heating network water flowing into the absorber from the air inlet;
the controller is used for controlling the first switch valve to be opened and the second switch valve to be closed when the ratio of a first mass flow value measured by the first mass flow meter to a second mass flow value measured by the second mass flow meter is larger than a preset threshold value;
the controller is used for controlling the third switch valve to be closed and the fourth switch valve to be opened when the ratio of the first mass flow value measured by the first mass flow meter to the second mass flow value measured by the second mass flow meter is smaller than a preset threshold value.
Optionally, a first pressure measuring instrument is arranged at the gas outlet port of the generator, a second pressure measuring instrument is arranged at the gas outlet port of the evaporator, the first pressure measuring instrument and the second pressure measuring instrument are both electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is configured to control the first switch valve to be opened and the second switch valve to be closed when the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring instrument is greater than a first pressure threshold value, and control the first switch valve to be closed and the second switch valve to be opened when the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring instrument is less than the first pressure threshold value;
the controller is used for controlling the third switch valve to be closed and the fourth switch valve to be opened when the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring instrument is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, and controlling the third switch valve to be opened and the fourth switch valve to be closed when the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring instrument is larger than the second pressure threshold value.
According to the technical scheme, the generator is a power device taking high-temperature steam as a driving heat source, the temperature of a dilute solution of refrigerant water (namely, the liquid form of the refrigerant steam) from the absorber is raised by the heating temperature of the high-temperature steam, the water in the refrigerant water solution is continuously evaporated after rising to a certain degree, superheated refrigerant steam is separated out, the superheated refrigerant steam generated from the generator enters the condenser to be condensed and released to become refrigerant water, and the heat released by the condensation of the steam is absorbed by cooling water flowing through the condenser, so that the recovery of the waste heat of a power plant is realized; when the temperature, the pressure and the like of the high-temperature steam of the power plant fluctuate, the matching of the heat load generated by the high-temperature steam can be realized by opening and closing the first switch valve and the second switch valve of the first refrigerant steam storage device, for example, when the heat load of the high-temperature steam increases, namely the heating speed of the high-temperature steam to the refrigerant water increases, the amount of the superheated refrigerant steam discharged from the generator increases, the temperature and the pressure at the outlet of the generator increase, at the moment, the first switch valve can be opened and the second switch valve can be closed, because the first air inlet interface and the first air outlet interface of the first refrigerant steam storage device are both communicated with the first refrigerant steam pipeline, the superheated refrigerant steam discharged from the generator can enter the first refrigerant steam storage device through the first air inlet interface, so that the superheated refrigerant steam discharged from the generator can be shunted, so as to reduce the fluctuation of the temperature and pressure of coolant vapor in the whole heat pump system; when the heat load of the high-temperature steam is reduced, namely the heating speed of the high-temperature steam to the refrigerant water is reduced, the amount of the superheated refrigerant steam discharged from the generator is reduced, and the temperature and the pressure at the outlet of the generator are reduced, at the moment, the first switch valve can be closed, the second switch valve can be opened, the superheated refrigerant steam stored in the first refrigerant steam storage device can flow out from the second air outlet interface of the first refrigerant steam storage device and enter the condenser through the first refrigerant steam pipeline, so that the temperature and the pressure of the refrigerant steam in the whole heat pump system in the heat pump system are kept stable, the problem of waste heat recovery caused by overhigh or insufficient driving heat source of the high-temperature steam of the power plant is avoided, and the purpose of improving the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system in the waste heat recovery process of the power plant is achieved.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of a controller of a heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the controller being connected to a first switch valve, a second switch valve, a third switch valve, a fourth switch valve, a first mass flow meter, a second mass flow meter, a first pressure measurement instrument, and a second pressure measurement instrument.
Description of the reference numerals
1-a generator; 2-a condenser; 3-an evaporator; 4-an absorber; 5-a first cryogen vapor storage device; 6-a heat exchanger; 7-a first on-off valve; 8-a second on-off valve; 9-a first regulating valve; 10-a second cryogen vapor storage means; 11-a third on/off valve; 12-a fourth switching valve; 13-a second regulating valve; 14-a throttle valve; 15-solution pump; 16-a third regulating valve; 17-a first mass flow meter; 18-a second mass flow meter; 19-a first pressure gauge; 20-a second pressure gauge; 100-a controller.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "inside and outside" means inside and outside of the outline of the corresponding structure, and "far and near" means far and near from the corresponding structure. The above directional terms are merely for convenience in describing the present disclosure, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the present disclosure. In addition, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for distinguishing one element from another, and are not necessarily order nor importance.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present disclosure provides a heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery, including a generator 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, an absorber 4, a first refrigerant vapor storage device 5, and a heat exchanger 6, where the generator 1 is communicated with the condenser 2 through a first refrigerant vapor pipeline, the condenser 2 is communicated with the evaporator 3 through a second refrigerant vapor pipeline, the evaporator 3 is communicated with the absorber 4 through a third refrigerant vapor pipeline, the absorber 4 is communicated with the heat exchanger 6 through a fourth refrigerant vapor pipeline, the heat exchanger 6 is communicated with the generator 1 through a fifth refrigerant vapor pipeline, the first refrigerant vapor storage device 5 has a first air inlet interface and a first air outlet interface, both the first air inlet interface and the first air outlet interface are communicated with the first refrigerant vapor pipeline, and a first switch valve 7 is arranged on the first air inlet connector, and a second switch valve 8 is arranged on the first air outlet connector.
Through the technical scheme, the generator 1 is a power device taking high-temperature steam as a driving heat source, the temperature of a dilute refrigerant water solution (namely, the liquid form of the refrigerant steam) from the absorber 4 is raised by the heating of the high-temperature steam, the water in the refrigerant water solution is continuously evaporated after rising to a certain degree, superheated refrigerant steam is separated out, the superheated refrigerant steam generated from the generator 1 enters the condenser 2 to be condensed and release heat to become refrigerant water, and the heat released by condensation of the refrigerant steam is absorbed by cooling water flowing through the condenser 2, so that the recovery of the waste heat of a power plant is realized; when the temperature, the pressure and the like of the high-temperature steam of the power plant fluctuate, the matching of the heat load generated by the high-temperature steam can be realized by opening and closing the first switch valve 7 and the second switch valve 8 of the first refrigerant steam storage device 5, for example, when the heat load of the high-temperature steam increases, namely the heating speed of the high-temperature steam to the refrigerant water increases, the amount of the superheated refrigerant steam discharged from the generator 1 increases, and the temperature and the pressure at the outlet of the generator 1 increase, at this time, the first switch valve 7 can be opened and the second switch valve 8 can be closed, because the first air inlet interface and the first air outlet interface of the first refrigerant steam storage device 5 are both communicated with the first refrigerant steam pipeline, the superheated refrigerant steam discharged from the generator 1 can enter the first refrigerant steam storage device 5 through the first air inlet interface, thereby realizing the shunting of the superheated steam flowing from the generator 1, so as to reduce the fluctuation of the temperature and pressure of coolant vapor in the whole heat pump system; when the heat load of the high-temperature steam is reduced, that is, the heating rate of the refrigerant water by the high-temperature steam becomes slow, the amount of the superheated refrigerant steam discharged from the generator 1 is reduced, the temperature and the pressure at the outlet of the generator 1 are reduced, and at this time, the first switch valve 7 can be closed, the second switch valve 8 can be opened, the superheated refrigerant vapor stored in the first refrigerant vapor storage device 5 can flow out of the second outlet port of the first refrigerant vapor storage device 5 and enter the condenser 2 through the first refrigerant vapor pipeline, therefore, the temperature and the pressure of coolant steam in the whole heat pump system in the heat pump system are kept stable, the decoupling of a high-temperature steam end is achieved, the problem of waste heat recovery caused by overhigh or insufficient driving heat source of high-temperature steam of a power plant is avoided, and the purpose of improving the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system in the waste heat recovery process of the power plant is achieved.
In order to facilitate the storage and release of the refrigerant vapor by the first refrigerant vapor storage device 5, in the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, optionally, the first refrigerant vapor pipeline includes a first sub-refrigerant vapor pipeline and a second sub-refrigerant vapor pipeline connected in parallel, and both the first air inlet interface and the first air outlet interface of the first refrigerant vapor storage device 5 are communicated with the first sub-refrigerant vapor pipeline. That is, when the fluctuation of the thermal load generated by the high-temperature steam of the power plant is small, the first switch valve 7 and the second switch valve 8 may both be in a closed state, the superheated refrigerant steam discharged from the generator 1 flows normally through the second sub-refrigerant steam line, and when the fluctuation of the thermal load generated by the high-temperature steam of the power plant is large, as described above, the first switch valve 7 or the second switch valve 8 may be opened, at which time, the first air inlet port may divide and store the refrigerant steam, or the first air outlet port may discharge the refrigerant steam stored in the first refrigerant steam storage device 5, so as to realize the flow of the refrigerant steam in the first refrigerant steam storage device 5 and the first refrigerant steam line (including the first sub-refrigerant steam line and the second sub-refrigerant steam line), and, because the first refrigerant steam line includes two steam lines connected in parallel, therefore, the flow of the refrigerant steam between the two is less interfered by each other, and the device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.
In addition, optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system for recovering waste heat of the power plant may further include a first regulating valve 9, and the first regulating valve 9 is disposed on the second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline and is configured to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant steam flowing through the second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline. The first regulating valve 9 is arranged on the second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline, so that the flow of the refrigerant steam flowing through the second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline can be regulated, for example, when the heat load generated by high-temperature steam of a power plant is large, the flow of the refrigerant steam in the second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline can be regulated by the first regulating valve 9, on one hand, the temperature and the pressure near the outlet of the generator 1 can be kept to reach a predicted value, on the other hand, the refrigerant steam originally flowing in the second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline can be favorably shunted to the first sub-refrigerant steam pipeline, and the refrigerant steam can be favorably fed into the first refrigerant steam storage device 5 for storage; when the heat load generated by the high-temperature steam of the power plant is small, the flow rate of the refrigerant steam in the second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline can be adjusted to be large through the first adjusting valve 9 (the first adjusting valve 9 is fully opened), and the second switching valve 8 of the first refrigerant steam storage device 5 is fully opened, so that the temperature and the pressure near the outlet of the evaporator 3 can be kept to reach a predicted value, and the discharge of the refrigerant steam stored in the first refrigerant steam storage device 5 is facilitated.
In the above process, in order to further increase the redundancy between the heat pump system and the waste heat source (low-temperature heat source) to improve the capability of the heat pump system to respond to the fluctuation of parameters such as temperature and pressure of the waste heat source, optionally, in an embodiment provided by the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system for recovering waste heat of the power plant may further include a second refrigerant steam storage device 10, the second refrigerant steam storage device 10 has a second air inlet interface and a second air outlet interface, the second air inlet interface is provided with a third on-off valve 11, the second air outlet interface is provided with a fourth on-off valve 12, and both the second air inlet interface and the second air outlet interface are communicated with a third refrigerant steam pipeline.
Specifically, when the temperature, the pressure and the like of the waste heat source of the power plant fluctuate, the matching of the heat load required by the waste heat source can be realized by opening and closing the third switch valve 11 and the fourth switch valve 12 of the second refrigerant steam storage device 10, for example, when the waste heat source is too high, the pressure and the temperature at the outlet of the evaporator 3 can be obviously increased, at the moment, the third switch valve 11 can be opened, the fourth switch valve 12 can be closed, and at the moment, because the second air inlet interface and the second air outlet interface of the second refrigerant steam storage device 10 are both communicated with the third refrigerant steam pipeline, the second refrigerant steam storage device 10 can absorb and store the refrigerant steam, so that the safety problem that the temperature and the pressure at the outlet of the evaporator 3 are too high and the quality balance is unmatched is caused is solved; when the waste heat source is too low, the pressure and the temperature at the outlet of the evaporator 3 are obviously reduced, and the problem of excessive condensation of the recovered refrigerant steam is caused, at this time, the third switch valve 11 can be closed, and the fourth switch valve 12 can be opened, because the second air inlet and the second air outlet of the second refrigerant steam storage device 10 are both communicated with the third refrigerant steam pipeline, at this time, the second refrigerant steam storage device 10 releases a part of refrigerant steam, so that the purpose of keeping the temperature and the pressure of the evaporator 3 stable is achieved, in the whole process, the pressure and the temperature of the whole loop of the heat pump system do not need to be adjusted, and therefore, the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system in the waste heat recovery process of a power plant can be further improved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the third refrigerant vapor line includes a third sub-refrigerant vapor line and a fourth sub-refrigerant vapor line connected in parallel, and the third interface and the fourth interface of the second refrigerant vapor storage device 10 are both communicated with the third sub-refrigerant vapor line. That is, when the fluctuation of the heat load generated by the waste heat source of the power plant is small, the third on-off valve 11 and the fourth on-off valve 12 may both be in a closed state, the superheated refrigerant vapor discharged from the evaporator 3 may flow normally through the third sub-refrigerant vapor line, and when the fluctuation of the heat load generated by the waste heat source of the power plant is large, as described above, the third on-off valve 11 or the fourth on-off valve 12 may be opened, at which time, the third air inlet port may split and store the refrigerant vapor, or the fourth air outlet port may discharge the refrigerant vapor stored in the second refrigerant vapor storage device 10, so as to realize the flow of the refrigerant vapor in the second refrigerant vapor storage device 10 and the third refrigerant vapor line (including the third sub-refrigerant vapor line and the fourth sub-refrigerant vapor line), and, because the third refrigerant vapor line includes two vapor lines connected in parallel, therefore, the flow of the refrigerant steam between the two is less interfered by each other, and the device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation.
In addition, optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system for recovering waste heat of the power plant may further include a second regulating valve 13, and the second regulating valve 13 is disposed on the fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline and is configured to regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant steam flowing through the fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline. The second regulating valve 13 is arranged on the fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline, so that the flow of the refrigerant steam flowing through the fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline can be regulated, for example, when a waste heat source of a power plant is too high, the flow of the refrigerant steam in the fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline can be reduced through the first regulating valve 9, on one hand, the temperature and the pressure near the outlet of the evaporator 3 can be kept to reach a predicted value, on the other hand, the refrigerant steam originally flowing in the fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline can be favorably shunted to the third sub-refrigerant steam pipeline, and the refrigerant steam can be favorably fed into the second refrigerant steam storage device 10 for storage; when the waste heat source of the power plant is too low, the flow rate of the refrigerant steam in the fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline can be adjusted by the second adjusting valve 13 (the second adjusting valve 13 is fully opened) to keep the temperature and the pressure near the outlet of the evaporator 3 to reach a predicted value, and the fourth switch valve 12 of the second refrigerant steam storage device 10 is fully opened, so that the discharge of the refrigerant steam stored in the second refrigerant steam storage device 10 is facilitated.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the heat pump system for recovering waste heat of the power plant comprises: a first circulation loop and a second circulation loop, wherein the first circulation loop returns to the generator 1 from the generator 1, the condenser 2, the evaporator 3 and the absorber 4; the second circulation loop returns to the absorber 4 from the absorber 4, the heat exchanger 6, the generator 1 and the heat exchanger 6.
Specifically, the working principle of the first circulation loop is as follows: the dilute solution of refrigerant water (i.e. the liquid form of refrigerant steam) from the absorber 4 is heated by high-temperature steam to raise the temperature, the water in the refrigerant water solution rises to a certain degree and is continuously evaporated, the superheated refrigerant steam is separated, the superheated refrigerant steam generated from the generator 1 enters the condenser 2 to be condensed to realize first heat release, the superheated refrigerant steam is cooled by the condenser 2 to finish first heat release and is changed into refrigerant water, the heat released by the steam condensation is absorbed by the cooling water flowing through the condenser 2, in addition, the heat pump system also comprises a throttle valve 14, the cooling water enters the evaporator 3 after being depressurized by the throttle valve 14, the refrigerant water enters the evaporator 3 to be rapidly expanded and evaporated, and simultaneously absorbs the energy from a low-temperature heat source (such as circulating water of a power plant) to lower the temperature of the low-temperature heat source, so as to realize the refrigeration effect on the low-temperature heat source, subsequently, the refrigerant water flowing out of the evaporator 3 is returned to the absorber 4.
The working principle of the second circulation loop is as follows: the concentration of the refrigerant water solution in the generator 1 is continuously increased, the refrigerant water solution flows out of the generator 1, a part of heat is released to the dilute refrigerant water solution in the heat exchanger 6, then the dilute refrigerant water solution enters the absorber 4 through the third adjusting valve 16, the refrigerant water solution of the absorber 4 continuously absorbs the refrigerant steam from the evaporator 3, the concentration is gradually reduced, the refrigerant water solution enters the heat exchanger 6 through the solution pump 15 to absorb heat, the temperature is increased, the heat is transmitted to hot water return water of a primary unit, the circulation of the solution and the heating and warming of the interior of the unit are completed, and therefore heating is achieved.
In addition, the heat pump system further comprises a cooling water circulation loop, and the generator 1, the condenser 2, the evaporator 3 and the absorber 4 form a circulation loop of cooling water.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the heat pump system for recovering waste heat of a power plant may further include a controller 100, the controller 100 being electrically connected to the first, second, third and fourth switching valves 7, 8, 11 and 12, the controller 100 being configured to control the first, second, third and fourth switching valves 7, 8, 11 and 12 to be opened and closed according to the flow state of refrigerant vapor in the generator 1, the evaporator 3 and the absorber 4. The controller 100 can more precisely control the first, second, third, and fourth switching valves 7, 8, 11, and 12, thereby further reducing fluctuations in temperature and pressure within the heat pump system.
Of course, the operator may manually open or close the first on-off valve 7, the second on-off valve 8, the third on-off valve 11, and the fourth on-off valve 12 according to the observed state of the refrigerant vapor, which is not limited by the present disclosure.
For example, in an embodiment provided by the present disclosure, optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the heat pump system for waste heat recovery further includes a first mass flow meter 17 and a second mass flow meter 18, the controller 100 is electrically connected to the first mass flow meter 17 and the second mass flow meter 18, the first mass flow meter 17 is disposed on an air inlet of the generator 1 and is used for measuring a first mass flow value of refrigerant vapor flowing into the generator 1 from the air inlet, and the second mass flow meter 18 is disposed on an air inlet of the absorber 4 and is used for measuring a second mass flow value of heat supply network water flowing into the absorber 4 from the air inlet; a preset threshold value is arranged in the controller 100, and the controller 100 is used for controlling the first switch valve 7 to be opened and the second switch valve 8 to be closed when the ratio of a first mass flow value measured by the first mass flow meter 17 to a second mass flow value measured by the second mass flow meter 18 is greater than the preset threshold value; the controller 100 is configured to control the third on-off valve 11 to close and the fourth on-off valve 12 to open when a ratio of the first mass flow value measured by the first mass flow meter 17 to the second mass flow value measured by the second mass flow meter 18 is smaller than a preset threshold.
A first mass flow value entering the generator 1 from an air inlet port of the generator 1 can be measured through the first mass flow meter 17, a second mass flow value entering the heat supply network water in the absorber 4 from an water inlet port of the absorber 4 can be measured through the second mass flow meter 18, when the ratio of the first mass flow value to the second mass flow value is greater than a preset threshold value, the refrigerant steam entering the generator 1 is too much, or the heat supply network water entering the absorber 4 is too little, which indicates that a phenomenon that a driving heat source is too high exists, based on which the controller 100 can control the first switch valve 7 to be opened and the second switch valve 8 to be closed, and at the moment, part of the superheated refrigerant steam flowing out of the generator 1 can enter the interior of the first refrigerant storage device through the first air inlet port of the first refrigerant steam storage device 5; similarly, when the ratio of the first mass flow value to the second mass flow value is smaller than the preset threshold, it indicates that too little refrigerant steam enters the generator 1, or too much heat supply network water enters the absorber 4, which indicates that too low a driving heat source exists at this time, based on this, the controller 100 may control the first switch valve 7 to close and the second switch valve 8 to open, at this time, the refrigerant steam stored in the first refrigerant steam storage device 5 may be released into the condenser 2 through the first outlet port, so as to implement the supplement of the refrigerant steam, so as to reduce the fluctuation of the whole heat pump system, and achieve the decoupling of the regulation and control driving heat source end.
Here, it should be noted that the above-mentioned preset threshold value is a specific range value, that is, when the controller 100 receives the first mass flow value and the second mass flow value measured by the first mass flow meter 17 and the second mass flow meter 18, a ratio of the first mass flow value and the second mass flow value is calculated and compared with the specific range value, when the ratio of the first mass flow value and the second mass flow value is greater than the specific range value (i.e., the preset threshold value), the controller 100 controls the corresponding on-off valve action, and when the ratio of the first mass flow value and the second mass flow value is less than the specific range value (i.e., the preset threshold value), the controller 100 controls the corresponding on-off valve action. Similarly, the same is true for the first pressure threshold, the second pressure threshold, the first temperature threshold, and the second temperature threshold mentioned below, and the detailed description of the disclosure is omitted here.
Furthermore, in another embodiment provided by the present disclosure, optionally, as shown in fig. 2, a first pressure measuring instrument 19 may be disposed at the gas outlet port of the generator 1, a second pressure measuring instrument 20 is disposed at the gas outlet port of the evaporator 3, both the first pressure measuring instrument 19 and the second pressure measuring instrument 20 are electrically connected to the controller 100, and the controller 100 is configured to control the first on-off valve 7 to be opened and the second on-off valve 8 to be closed when the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring instrument 19 is greater than a first pressure threshold, and control the first on-off valve 7 to be closed and the second on-off valve 8 to be opened when the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring instrument 19 is less than the first pressure threshold; the controller 100 is configured to control the third switch valve 11 to close and the fourth switch valve 12 to open when the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring instrument 20 is smaller than the second pressure threshold, and the controller 100 is configured to control the third switch valve 11 to open and the fourth switch valve 12 to close when the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring instrument 20 is larger than the second pressure threshold.
Alternatively, pressure sensors may be disposed at both the outlet port of the generator 1 and the outlet port of the evaporator 3, the pressure sensors are electrically connected to the controller 100, and when the pressure measured by the pressure sensors is greater than a specific value, the controller 100 controls the absorption and release of the first refrigerant vapor storage device 5 and the second vapor storage device.
Of course, in other embodiments provided by the present disclosure, the first switch valve 7, the second switch valve 8, the third switch valve 11, and the fourth switch valve 12 mentioned above may all be pressure control valves, that is, the pressure control valves may open and close the switch valves according to the pressure in the heat pump circuit, so as to absorb and release the refrigerant device by the first refrigerant vapor storage device 5.
In addition, since the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant vapor flowing in the heat pump system are in positive correlation, that is, when the temperature of the refrigerant vapor flowing out from the outlet port of the generator 1 is increased, the pressure of the generator is correspondingly increased, and based on this, in other embodiments provided by the present disclosure, a first temperature measuring instrument may be disposed at the gas outlet port of the generator 1, a second temperature measuring instrument may be disposed at the gas outlet port of the evaporator 3, both the first temperature measuring instrument and the second temperature measuring instrument are electrically connected to the controller 100, and the controller 100 is used for controlling the first switch valve 7 to be opened and the second switch valve 8 to be closed when the temperature measured by the first temperature measuring instrument is greater than the first temperature threshold value, and when the controller 100 is used for controlling the first switch valve 7 to be closed and the second switch valve 8 to be opened when the temperature measured by the first temperature measuring instrument is less than the first temperature threshold value; the controller 100 is configured to control the third switch valve 11 to close and the fourth switch valve 12 to open when the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring instrument is less than the second temperature threshold, and the controller 100 is configured to control the third switch valve 11 to open and the fourth switch valve 12 to close when the temperature measured by the second temperature measuring instrument is greater than the second temperature threshold. That is to say, through measuring the temperature at the gas outlet of the generator 1 and the gas outlet of the evaporator 3, the fluctuation of high-temperature steam and waste heat source can be monitored in time, the stability of the temperature and pressure of coolant steam in the whole heat pump system in the heat pump system is kept, and the problem of waste heat recovery caused by insufficient driving heat source of high-temperature steam or waste heat source in the power plant is avoided.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various combinations that are possible in the present disclosure are not described again.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A heat pump system for waste heat recovery of a power plant is characterized by comprising a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a first refrigerant steam storage device and a heat exchanger, wherein the generator is communicated with the condenser through a first refrigerant steam pipeline, the condenser is communicated with the evaporator through a second refrigerant steam pipeline, the evaporator is communicated with the absorber through a third refrigerant steam pipeline, the absorber is communicated with the heat exchanger through a fourth refrigerant steam pipeline, the heat exchanger is communicated with the generator through a fifth refrigerant steam pipeline, the first refrigerant steam storage device is provided with a first air inlet interface and a first air outlet interface, the first air inlet interface and the first air outlet interface are communicated with the first refrigerant steam pipeline, and a first switch valve is arranged on the first air inlet interface, and a second switch valve is arranged on the first air outlet interface.
2. The heat pump system for recovering waste heat of a power plant according to claim 1, wherein the first refrigerant steam pipeline comprises a first sub-refrigerant steam pipeline and a second sub-refrigerant steam pipeline which are connected in parallel, and a first air inlet interface and a first air outlet interface of the first refrigerant steam storage device are both communicated with the first sub-refrigerant steam pipeline.
3. The heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery of claim 2, further comprising a first regulating valve disposed on the second sub-refrigerant steam line and configured to regulate a flow rate of refrigerant steam flowing through the second sub-refrigerant steam line.
4. The heat pump system for recovering waste heat of a power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a second refrigerant steam storage device, wherein the second refrigerant steam storage device is provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet, a third on-off valve is arranged on the second air inlet, a fourth on-off valve is arranged on the second air outlet, and the second air inlet and the second air outlet are both communicated with the third refrigerant steam pipeline.
5. The heat pump system for recovering waste heat of a power plant according to claim 4, wherein the third refrigerant steam pipeline comprises a third sub-refrigerant steam pipeline and a fourth sub-refrigerant steam pipeline which are connected in parallel, and a third interface and a fourth interface of the second refrigerant steam storage device are both communicated with the third sub-refrigerant steam pipeline.
6. The heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery according to claim 5, further comprising a second regulating valve disposed on the fourth sub-refrigerant steam line and configured to regulate a flow rate of the refrigerant steam flowing through the fourth sub-refrigerant steam line.
7. The heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery of claim 1, comprising:
a first circulation loop from the generator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, back to the generator;
a second circulation loop from the absorber, heat exchanger, generator, heat exchanger back to the absorber.
8. The heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery of claim 4, further comprising a controller electrically connected to the first, second, third and fourth switching valves, wherein the controller is configured to control the opening and closing of the first, second, third and fourth switching valves according to the flow state of the refrigerant vapor in the generator, the evaporator and the absorber.
9. The heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery of claim 8, further comprising a first mass flow meter and a second mass flow meter, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the first mass flow meter and the second mass flow meter, the first mass flow meter is disposed on an inlet port of the generator and is configured to measure a first mass flow value of refrigerant vapor flowing into the generator from the inlet port, and the second mass flow meter is disposed on an inlet port of the absorber and is configured to measure a second mass flow value of heating network water flowing into the absorber from the inlet port;
the controller is used for controlling the first switch valve to be opened and the second switch valve to be closed when the ratio of a first mass flow value measured by the first mass flow meter to a second mass flow value measured by the second mass flow meter is larger than a preset threshold value;
the controller is used for controlling the third switch valve to be closed and the fourth switch valve to be opened when the ratio of the first mass flow value measured by the first mass flow meter to the second mass flow value measured by the second mass flow meter is smaller than a preset threshold value.
10. The heat pump system for power plant waste heat recovery according to claim 8, wherein a first pressure measuring instrument is arranged at an air outlet port of the generator, a second pressure measuring instrument is arranged at an air outlet port of the evaporator, the first pressure measuring instrument and the second pressure measuring instrument are both electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is configured to control the first switch valve to be opened and the second switch valve to be closed when the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring instrument is greater than a first pressure threshold value, and to control the first switch valve to be closed and the second switch valve to be opened when the pressure measured by the first pressure measuring instrument is less than the first pressure threshold value;
the controller is used for controlling the third switch valve to be closed and the fourth switch valve to be opened when the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring instrument is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, and controlling the third switch valve to be opened and the fourth switch valve to be closed when the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring instrument is larger than the second pressure threshold value.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210508997.6A CN115111809A (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Heat pump system for recovering waste heat of power plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210508997.6A CN115111809A (en) | 2022-05-10 | 2022-05-10 | Heat pump system for recovering waste heat of power plant |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN114251743A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-29 | 珠海拓芯科技有限公司 | Air conditioner and air conditioner refrigerant recovery control method |
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| US4505123A (en) * | 1982-02-04 | 1985-03-19 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Absorption heat pump system |
| CN103168204A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2013-06-19 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Device for estimating flowrate of heating medium, heat source device, and method for estimating flowrate of heating medium |
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