JP2006234225A - Refrigerant circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a change in a cycle state due to the load fluctuation of an evaporator. <P>SOLUTION: This refrigerant circuit comprises a compressor 51 for compressing refrigerant, a gas cooler 52 for radiating the heat of the refrigerant from the compressor 51, the evaporator 55 for evaporating the refrigerant, an ejector 53 for reducing the pressure of high pressure refrigerant from the gas cooler 52 to suck low pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 55 until mixed therewith and for giving pressure rise to the mixed refrigerant to be discharged, and a gas-liquid separator 54 for separating the mixed refrigerant form the ejector 53 into gas phase refrigerant and liquid phase refrigerant and returning the gas phase refrigerant to the compressor 51 while supplying the liquid phase refrigerant to the evaporator 55. A plurality of evaporators 55a, 55b, 55c are arranged in parallel and connected to one another via solenoid valves 551a, 551b, 551c to form a plurality of refrigerant circulation passage. An internal heat exchanger 56 is provided for heat exchange between the high pressure refrigerant to be supplied to the ejector 53 and the low pressure refrigerant. Thus, the pressure rise on a high pressure side is prevented to optimize the cycling condition. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a refrigerant circuit, and more particularly to a refrigerant circuit using an ejector.

  Conventionally, a refrigeration cycle has been disclosed as a refrigerant circuit. In the refrigeration cycle, a compressor, a condenser, a two-phase flow type ejector, and a gas-liquid separator are sequentially connected in an annular manner, and a throttling device is interposed between the suction port of the ejector and the refrigerant liquid retention part of the gas-liquid separator. An evaporator is provided. This refrigeration cycle circulates the low-pressure refrigerant by the suction action generated by the ejector by the injection energy (driving flow) of the high-pressure refrigerant from the condenser, lowering the evaporation temperature and increasing the heat exchange efficiency, and reducing the work of the compressor This is to be reduced (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 57-129360 A

  The ejector includes a nozzle unit that sucks the low-pressure refrigerant through the evaporator while decompressing the high-pressure refrigerant through the condenser, a mixing unit that mixes the low-pressure refrigerant sucked into the high-pressure refrigerant, and pressurizes the mixed refrigerant. And a diffuser section for discharging. However, in the refrigeration cycle, when a load change occurs in the evaporator and the amount of low-pressure refrigerant on the suction side changes, the flow velocity in the mixing unit and the diffuser unit changes. As a result, there is a problem that the cycle state changes due to a change in pressure in the mixing unit or the diffuser unit. For example, if the refrigerant density increases, the cooling efficiency will decrease. In particular, when a plurality of evaporators are arranged in parallel between the ejector and the gas-liquid separator, such as in a vending machine, and each evaporator is used as a refrigerant circulation path, the number of evaporators that operate. As a result, a significant load fluctuation occurs and the amount of low-pressure refrigerant on the suction side changes, so that the above problem appears remarkably.

  Moreover, in a general vending machine, an evaporator is each arrange | positioned to several (for example, three) goods storage, and each evaporator is operated. The one-side product storage is dedicated to cooling, and a heater or the like is arranged so that the center and the other-side product storage can be cooled and heated. Further, the central product storage is generally smaller in volume than the product storage on both sides. For this reason, when cooling the central product storage case, the evaporation placed in the central product storage case under the influence of intrusion heat, depending on whether the other side product storage case is being cooled or heated. The range of load fluctuations of the vessel increases. Therefore, normally, the refrigerant circulation amount corresponds to a large load of the evaporator in the central product storage (when the other product storage is heated). However, when cooling all the product containers, or when cooling the one and central product containers, the product containers other than the center become the appropriate temperature and the operation of the evaporator is stopped. There is a state in which only the evaporator of the commodity storage is operated. In such a state, since the amount of refrigerant circulating in the evaporator in the central product storage is increased, there is a problem that the evaporation temperature is lowered and the operation efficiency (refrigeration cycle efficiency) is deteriorated.

  In the gas-liquid separator, the mixed refrigerant obtained from the ejector is separated into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant, the gas-phase refrigerant is returned to the compressor, and the liquid-phase refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator. Since the conventional gas-liquid separator has a tank shape having a capacity for temporarily storing the mixed refrigerant, the space efficiency is poor. In particular, when each evaporator is operated by disposing an evaporator in each of a plurality of commodity containers as in the above vending machine, the refrigerant circulation amount varies depending on the number of operating evaporators. To prevent liquid compression, the tank needs to be enlarged.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant circuit that can prevent a change in cycle state due to a load change of an evaporator and can reduce the size of a gas-liquid separator.

  In order to achieve the above object, a refrigerant circuit according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, a radiator that dissipates heat from the refrigerant supplied from the compressor, and an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant. And an ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator, pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and is supplied from the ejector In a refrigerant circuit comprising a gas-liquid separator that separates a mixed refrigerant into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant and returns the gas-phase refrigerant to the compressor while supplying the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator, An internal heat exchanger that performs mutual heat exchange between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant supplied to the ejector is provided.

  The refrigerant circuit according to claim 2 of the present invention is supplied from the compressor that compresses the refrigerant, the radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor, the evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant, and the radiator. An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant, pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and converts the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas phase refrigerant and a liquid phase A gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant into a refrigerant and feeds the gas-phase refrigerant back to the compressor while supplying the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator. The refrigerant circuit that forms a plurality of connected refrigerant circulation paths includes an internal heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant supplied to the ejector.

  The refrigerant circuit according to claim 3 of the present invention is supplied from the compressor that compresses the refrigerant, the radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor, the evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant, and the radiator. An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant, pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and converts the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas phase refrigerant and a liquid phase A gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant into a refrigerant and feeds the gas-phase refrigerant back to the compressor while supplying the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator. In a refrigerant circuit that forms a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths connected, a predetermined evaporator is connected in series to another evaporator via an open / close valve.

  The refrigerant circuit according to claim 4 of the present invention is supplied from the compressor that compresses the refrigerant, the radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor, the evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant, and the radiator. An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant, pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and converts the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas phase refrigerant and a liquid phase A gas-liquid separator including a gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant and returns the gas-phase refrigerant to the compressor and supplies the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator. A through hole is formed in the outer diameter of the spiral connected to the ejector, and an inner pipe having a terminal end connected to the compressor is covered, and a portion where the through hole of the inner pipe is provided on the start end side is covered. Formed in a spiral with the inner tube That there is terminating branched from the inner tube, characterized in that it consists of an outer tube connected to the evaporator.

  The refrigerant circuit according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the refrigerant circuit according to the fourth aspect, wherein the gas-liquid separator is provided with a trap portion that sends the refrigerant downward while temporarily sending the refrigerant downward on the terminal end side of the outer pipe. The lower part of the trap part is connected to the terminal side of the inner pipe below the lower part.

  The refrigerant circuit according to claim 6 of the present invention is supplied from the compressor that compresses the refrigerant, the radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor, the evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant, and the radiator. An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant, pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and converts the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas phase refrigerant and a liquid phase A gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant into a refrigerant and feeds the gas-phase refrigerant back to the compressor while supplying the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator. In a refrigerant circuit that forms a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths connected, a nozzle valve that adjusts the flow rate of refrigerant in the decompression portion of the ejector, an expansion valve that adjusts the flow rate of refrigerant supplied to the evaporator, and each of the evaporators Entrance side An evaporator inlet temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerant, and the opening degree of the nozzle valve and the expansion valve in such a manner that the temperature of the refrigerant detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor is within a predetermined range. It is characterized by adjusting.

  The refrigerant circuit according to claim 7 of the present invention is supplied from the compressor that compresses the refrigerant, the radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor, the evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant, and the radiator. An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant, pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and converts the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas phase refrigerant and a liquid phase A gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant into a refrigerant and feeds the gas-phase refrigerant back to the compressor while supplying the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator. In a refrigerant circuit that forms a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths connected, a nozzle valve that adjusts the flow rate of refrigerant in the decompression portion of the ejector, an expansion valve that adjusts the flow rate of refrigerant supplied to the evaporator, and each of the evaporators Entrance side An evaporator inlet temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerant that is provided respectively, and an evaporator outlet temperature sensor that is provided on the outlet side of each evaporator and detects the temperature of the refrigerant. The opening degree of the nozzle valve and the expansion valve is adjusted in such a manner that the temperature difference between the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator and the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator outlet temperature sensor is within a predetermined range. To do.

  The refrigerant circuit according to claim 8 of the present invention is supplied from the compressor that compresses the refrigerant, the radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor, the evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant, and the radiator. An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant, pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and converts the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas phase refrigerant and a liquid phase A gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant into a refrigerant and feeds the gas-phase refrigerant back to the compressor while supplying the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator. In a refrigerant circuit that forms a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths connected, an expansion valve that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator, a high-pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant, and a low-pressure that detects the pressure of the low-pressure refrigerant Sensor An evaporator outlet temperature sensor that is provided on the outlet side of each evaporator and detects the temperature of the refrigerant, and an internal temperature sensor that detects the temperature inside the adiabatic atmosphere in which the evaporator is disposed, and the high pressure The refrigerant pressure detected by the pressure sensor and the low pressure sensor, the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor, and the refrigerant density estimated from the temperature detected by the internal temperature sensor, and the high pressure sensor and low pressure sensor The opening degree of the expansion valve is adjusted in such a manner that the estimated refrigerant density falls within a predetermined range by comparing with a refrigerant density setting value set in advance according to the refrigerant pressure detected in step (b).

  The refrigerant circuit according to claim 9 of the present invention is supplied from the compressor that compresses the refrigerant, the radiator that radiates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor, the evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant, and the radiator. An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant, pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and converts the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas phase refrigerant and a liquid phase A gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant into a refrigerant and feeds the gas-phase refrigerant back to the compressor while supplying the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator. In the refrigerant circuit that forms a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths connected, an evaporator fan that blows the evaporator, a high-pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant, a low-pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the low-pressure refrigerant, evaporation Provided at the outlet side of the evaporator, and an evaporator outlet temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant, and an internal temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside the adiabatic atmosphere in which the evaporator is disposed, the high pressure sensor and the low pressure The refrigerant pressure detected by the pressure sensor, the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor, and the refrigerant density estimated from the temperature detected by the internal temperature sensor, and the refrigerant detected by the high pressure sensor and the low pressure sensor The flow rate of the evaporator fan is adjusted in such a manner that the estimated refrigerant density falls within a predetermined range by comparing with a refrigerant density setting value set in advance according to the pressure of the refrigerant.

  A refrigerant circuit according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is supplied from a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor, an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant, and the radiator. An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant, pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and converts the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas phase refrigerant and a liquid phase A refrigerant circuit comprising a gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant and returns the gas-phase refrigerant to the compressor while supplying the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator; and the ejector and the gas-liquid separator The high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator is decompressed to suck and mix the mixed refrigerant discharged from the ejector and pressurize and discharge the mixed refrigerant. Characterized in that a further ejector supplying a liquid separator.

  A refrigerant circuit according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to tenth aspects, the refrigerant is carbon dioxide.

  The refrigerant circuit according to the present invention includes an internal heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant supplied to the ejector. That is, even when the load fluctuates in the evaporator and the amount of low-pressure refrigerant on the suction side changes, the latent heat of the low-pressure refrigerant surplus by the internal heat exchanger is used to cool the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the radiator. Thus, the pressure increase on the high pressure side is prevented. As a result, since the density of refrigerant sucked in the ejector is made constant by adding superheat to the low-pressure refrigerant and evaporating it, the cycle state can be optimized.

  In particular, in a refrigerant circuit having a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of evaporators are connected in parallel via an on-off valve, the evaporator operated by reducing the number of evaporators operated by opening / closing of the on-off valves. Although a large load fluctuation occurs, by performing heat exchange between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant by the internal heat exchanger, it is possible to optimize the cycle state while keeping the suction refrigerant density at the ejector constant.

  In the refrigerant circuit according to the present invention, a predetermined evaporator is connected in series to another evaporator via an on-off valve. That is, when only a predetermined evaporator is operated, surplus refrigerant in the evaporator is evaporated by another evaporator, so that the predetermined operation of the predetermined evaporator is eliminated. As a result, since the surplus refrigerant can be utilized without being discarded, the operation efficiency can be improved.

  In the gas-liquid separator, the refrigerant circuit according to the present invention is provided with an inner pipe provided with a through hole in a spiral outer shape formed between the ejector and the compressor, and a through hole of the inner pipe. The part was covered and formed with a spiral together with the inner tube, and an outer tube branched from the inner tube and connected to the evaporator. That is, the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector is passed through the inner pipe, the liquid refrigerant of the mixed refrigerant passing through the spiral portion is biased to the outside by centrifugal force, and the liquid refrigerant is passed through the through hole to the outer pipe. The gas phase refrigerant and the liquid phase refrigerant are separated by being transferred. As described above, the spiral double tube structure can be miniaturized and space efficiency can be improved. In particular, in a refrigerant circuit having a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of evaporators are connected in parallel via an on-off valve, the amount of refrigerant circulation varies depending on the number of evaporators that operate by opening and closing the on-off valve. And since it respond | corresponds with the length of the spiral of an outer tube | pipe, it does not enlarge.

  Further, in the gas-liquid separator, a trap part is provided on the terminal end side of the outer pipe to send the refrigerant downward while temporarily sending the refrigerant downward, and the lower end of the trap part and the terminal end side of the inner pipe below the lower part And connected. That is, in the trap part, the refrigeration oil contained in the liquid phase refrigerant is sunk to the lower part by its specific gravity and transferred to the terminal end side of the inner pipe, thereby separating the liquid phase refrigerant and the refrigeration oil. Thus, the structure provided with the trap portion can achieve downsizing compared to the conventional oil separator having a tank that stores the refrigerant and separates it into the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil, thereby improving the space efficiency. In particular, since the configuration for separating the refrigerating machine oil is integrated into the inner pipe and the outer pipe of the gas-liquid separator, the gas, liquid, and oil can be separated efficiently.

  The refrigerant circuit according to the present invention adjusts the opening degree of the nozzle valve and the expansion valve in such a manner that the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor is within a predetermined range. That is, in a refrigerant circuit having a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of evaporators are connected in parallel via an on-off valve, an evaporator that operates by opening / closing of the on-off valve is selected. For this reason, there is a case where one evaporator is operated or a plurality of evaporators are operated. As described above, when the operating state of the evaporator changes, the evaporation temperature and the high pressure change greatly. Therefore, if the opening of the nozzle valve and the expansion valve is adjusted in such a manner that the temperature of the refrigerant detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor is within a predetermined range, the change in the evaporation temperature and the high pressure due to the change in the operation state of the evaporator Therefore, it is possible to optimize the amount of heat exchanged in the evaporator and the operation efficiency of the compressor.

  In the refrigerant circuit according to the present invention, the difference between the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor and the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator outlet temperature sensor is within a predetermined range. Adjust the opening. That is, in a refrigerant circuit having a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of evaporators are connected in parallel via an on-off valve, an evaporator that operates by opening / closing of the on-off valve is selected. For this reason, there is a case where one evaporator is operated or a plurality of evaporators are operated. As described above, when the operating state of the evaporator changes, the evaporation temperature and the high pressure change greatly. Therefore, if the opening degree of the nozzle valve and the expansion valve is adjusted in such a manner that the difference between the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor and the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator outlet temperature sensor is within a predetermined range. Since the change in the evaporation temperature and the high pressure due to the change in the operation state of the evaporator is suppressed, the exchange heat amount in the evaporator and the operation efficiency of the compressor can be optimized.

  A refrigerant circuit according to the present invention includes a refrigerant density estimated from a refrigerant pressure detected by a high pressure sensor and a low pressure sensor, a refrigerant temperature detected by an evaporator inlet temperature sensor, and a temperature detected by the internal temperature sensor. The opening degree of the expansion valve and the evaporator fan in such a manner that the estimated refrigerant density falls within a predetermined range by comparing with a preset refrigerant density setting value according to the refrigerant pressure detected by the high pressure sensor and the low pressure sensor. Adjust the airflow. That is, in a refrigerant circuit having a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of evaporators are connected in parallel via an on-off valve, an evaporator that operates by opening / closing of the on-off valve is selected. For this reason, there is a case where one evaporator is operated or a plurality of evaporators are operated. As described above, when the operating state of the evaporator changes, the evaporation temperature and the high pressure change greatly. Therefore, if the opening of the expansion valve and the air flow rate of the evaporator fan are adjusted so that the estimated refrigerant density is within the predetermined range, the change in the evaporation temperature and the high pressure due to the change in the operation state of the evaporator is suppressed. The amount of heat exchanged in the compressor and the operating efficiency of the compressor can be optimized.

  Since the refrigerant circuit according to the present invention is provided with another ejector, the refrigerant pressure is increased by the multi-stage ejector, so the burden on the compressor is reduced and the cycle can be made more efficient.

  The refrigerant circuit according to the present invention is particularly effective when carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant.

  Exemplary embodiments of a refrigerant circuit according to the present invention will be explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

  First, a vending machine to which the refrigerant circuit according to the present invention is applied will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state in which the inside of a vending machine to which the refrigerant circuit according to the present invention is applied is opened, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the vending machine shown in FIG.

  The vending machine illustrated here is for selling commodities such as canned drinks and plastic bottled drinks, and includes a main body cabinet 1, an inner door 2, and a main door 3, as shown in FIG.

  The main body cabinet 1 is constructed firmly by appropriately combining a plurality of steel plates, and has a rectangular shape with an open front surface. Inside the main body cabinet 1, three product housings 4a, 4b, 4c having independent heat insulation structures are arranged in parallel. Moreover, the only machine room 5 is provided in the position which becomes the downward direction of goods storage 4a, 4b, 4c.

  The product containers 4a, 4b, 4c are for storing beverage cans and plastic bottles in a state maintained at a desired temperature, and column-like racks 6a, 6b, 6c are arranged in the upper portions of the containers. is there. In the present embodiment, two rows of racks 6a are arranged in the product storage case 4a located on the left side of the front in FIG. 1, and the rack 6b is placed in the product storage case 4b located in the center of the front view. Are arranged in one row, and the rack 6c is arranged in two rows in the product storage case 4c located on the right side when viewed from the front. In addition, the product containers 4 a, 4 b, 4 c are partitioned by a shooter 7 at the lower part of the racks 6 a, 6 b, 6 c. The refrigerant circuit according to the present invention is disposed so as to straddle the machine compartment 5 and the portion of the commodity storage 4a, 4b, 4c partitioned by the shooter 7. Details will be described later.

  The inner door 2 and the main door 3 of the vending machine are each supported on one side edge of the main body cabinet 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the inner door 2 has a size sufficient to cover the front surfaces of the commodity containers 4 a, 4 b, 4 c provided in the main body cabinet 1, and is made of a steel material. In the illustrated example, the inner door 2 is divided into upper and lower parts so that each can be opened and closed individually.

  The main door 3 has a size sufficient to cover the front opening of the main body cabinet 1 and is made of a solid steel material. As shown in FIG. 2, the main door 3 is provided with a display window 8, a selection button 9, a coin insertion slot 10, a bill insertion slot 11, an integrated display 12, a coin return slot 13, and a commodity outlet 14 on the surface side. It is. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, a coin processor 15, a coin collection box 16, a bill processor 17, a display door 18, and a main control box 19 are provided on the back side of the main door 3. The display window 8 is a window for allowing the user to visually recognize the product sample 8a and the lighting board 8b arranged on the display door 18. The selection button 9 is a push button switch for the user to select a purchased product, and is prepared for each product sample 8 a visually recognized through the display window 8. The coin slot 10 is an opening through which a user inserts coins. The coins inserted through the coin insertion slot 10 are identified by the coin processor 15 and then stored in the coin collection box 16. The bill insertion slot 11 is an opening for a user to insert a bill. The banknote inserted through the banknote insertion slot 11 is identified in the banknote processing machine 17 by its denomination. The bill insertion slot 11 also has a function for returning bills that could not be identified by the bill processor 17. The integrated display 12 is a display means for displaying various types of information to the user, such as the amount of money inserted, whether or not it is being sold, and whether or not there is change. The coin return port 13 is an opening for returning to the user a coin that could not be identified by the coin processor 15 or a coin to be changed. The product outlet 14 is an opening through which a user receives the product paid out from the racks 6a, 6b, 6c. The main control box 19 is a box containing a control board (not shown) that performs various controls of the vending machine.

  In the above-described vending machine, a user inserts money from the coin insertion slot 10 or inserts a banknote from the banknote insertion slot 11, and selects when the amount recognized by the money is an amount necessary for product sales. Activate button 9. When the user presses the selection button 9, the product corresponding to the selection button 9 is cut out from the lower part of the rack 6a (or 6b, 6c) in the product storage 4a (or 4b, 4c). The product cut out from the rack 6a (or 6b, 6c) is carried out to the product take-out port 14 that has rolled on the shooter 7. Then, the user receives the product conveyed to the product outlet 14.

  Next, the refrigerant circuit according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a refrigerant circuit according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the refrigerant circuit mainly connects the compressor 51, the gas cooler (heat radiator) 52, the ejector 53, the gas-liquid separator 54, the evaporator 55, and the internal heat exchanger 56 to circulate the refrigerant. It forms a possible refrigerant circulation path. In the present embodiment, for example, HFC refrigerant (hydrofluorocarbon) or carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant. In particular, carbon dioxide is a refrigerant that has non-flammability, safety, and non-corrosion properties, and has little influence on the ozone layer.

  The compressor 51 compresses the refrigerant and supplies it to the gas cooler 52 in a high temperature and high pressure state. Examples of the compressor 51 include a reciprocating compressor, a rotary compressor, a scroll compressor, and an inverter compressor capable of adjusting the compression capacity thereof. And what is necessary is just to apply suitably the compressor corresponding to the object which arrange | positions a refrigerant circuit, an environment, or the cost of a refrigerant circuit.

  Moreover, the compressor 51 also has the structure which performs two steps of compression operation | movement using the intermediate heat exchanger 511. FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, a compressor 51 that performs a two-stage compression operation includes a first compressor 51a that performs a first-stage compression operation and a second stage that performs a second-stage compression operation. An intermediate heat exchanger 511 is provided between the compressor 51b. And the intermediate heat exchanger 511 cools the refrigerant | coolant in the state which the 1st compressor 51a compressed after the compression operation of the 1st step by the 1st compressor 51a, and returns it to the 2nd compressor 51b. In this way, the compressor 51 performs a two-stage compression operation via the intermediate heat exchanger 511, thereby obtaining high compression efficiency with low power consumption and compressing the refrigerant to a desired high temperature and high pressure state. It becomes possible. The compressor 51 that performs the two-stage compression operation shown in FIG. 4 is particularly useful when carbon dioxide is applied as the refrigerant.

  The gas cooler 52 radiates the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the compressor 51 to liquefy the refrigerant. As the gas cooler 52, for example, a fin tube type composed of a copper tube and an aluminum fin is used. Although not clearly shown in FIG. 3, the gas cooler 52 is provided with a gas cooler fan. The gas cooler fan blows the gas cooler 52 and is driven by a fan motor.

  The ejector 53 sucks the refrigerant from the evaporator 55 side by the suction action using the refrigerant supplied from the gas cooler 52 and increases the suction pressure reaching the compressor 51 by the pressure raising action. As shown in FIG. 3, the ejector 53 uses a two-phase flow ejection type ejector, and includes a nozzle portion 531, a mixing portion 532, and a diffuser portion 533. The nozzle unit 531 sucks the low-pressure refrigerant via the evaporator 55 by depressurizing and accelerating the high-pressure refrigerant via the gas cooler 52. The nozzle portion 531 has a nozzle valve 531a that adjusts the nozzle diameter for decompressing the high-pressure refrigerant. The mixing unit 532 mixes the low-pressure refrigerant with the high-pressure refrigerant. The diffuser unit 533 pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant.

  The gas-liquid separator 54 separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector 53 into a liquid-phase refrigerant and a gas-phase refrigerant, returns the gas-phase refrigerant to the compressor 51, and supplies the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator 55. Is. In general, the gas-liquid separator 54 has a tank-shaped storage section that stores a mixed refrigerant, although it is not clearly shown in the drawing, and the gas-phase refrigerant that has accumulated in the upper part of the storage section is returned to the compressor 51 while being stored. Some supply the liquid phase refrigerant staying at the lower part of the section to the evaporator 55. In the present embodiment, the gas-liquid separator 54 shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the gas-liquid separator 54 includes a gas-liquid separator 541 and a liquid oil separator 542. The gas-liquid separator 541 has an inner tube 541A and an outer tube 541B. The inner tube 541A has a tube member formed in a spiral shape. The inner pipe 541A has a start end side 541Aa connected to the discharge side (diffuser portion 533) of the ejector 53, and a terminal end side 541Ab connected to the suction side of the compressor 51 (first compressor 51a). In addition, the inner tube 541A has a through hole 541Ac provided at the outer diameter side formed in a spiral shape. The outer tube 541B is made of a tube member, and is formed in a spiral shape together with the inner tube 541A so as to cover a portion where the through hole 541Ac of the inner tube 541A is provided on the starting end side 541Ba. The outer pipe 541B is branched from the inner pipe 541A and connected to the inlet side of the evaporator 55.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the gas-liquid separator 541 passes the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector 53 through the inner tube 541A, and biases the liquid refrigerant of the mixed refrigerant passing through the spiral portion to the outside of the diameter by centrifugal force. . Then, the liquid-phase refrigerant is transferred to the outer tube 541B through a through hole 541Ac provided outside the spiral diameter. As a result, the gas-phase refrigerant and the liquid-phase refrigerant are separated, and the gas-phase refrigerant is sent to the inner tube 541A and the liquid-phase refrigerant is sent to the outer tube 541B. In FIG. 5, the spiral shapes of the inner tube 541A and the outer tube 541B are shown facing sideways, but they may be directed vertically.

  The liquid oil separator 542 is provided on the terminal side 541Ab of the branched inner pipe 541A and the terminal side 541Bb of the outer pipe 541B. As shown in FIG. 5, a trap portion 541Bc is provided on the end side 541Bb of the outer tube 541B. Trap part 541Bc is configured to send the liquid phase refrigerant upward while temporarily sending the liquid refrigerant downward. Specifically, the lower end of the spiral shape is formed as a trap portion 541Bc by forming the end side 541Bb of the outer tube 541B spirally toward the side. The lower portion of the trap portion 541Bc is connected to the terminal side 541Ab of the inner tube 541A below the lower portion via a connecting tube 542A.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the liquid oil separator 542 causes the trap part 541Bc to sink oil contained in the liquid phase refrigerant to the lower part due to the specific gravity of the oil. This oil is refrigerating machine oil for reducing mechanical friction in the compressor 51. The refrigerating machine oil that has sunk in the lower portion of the trap portion 541Bc is transferred to the terminal side 541Ab of the inner tube 541A through the connecting tube 542A. As a result, the liquid phase refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil are separated, the liquid phase refrigerant is sent to the outer pipe 541B, and the refrigerating machine oil is sent to the inner pipe 541A together with the gas phase refrigerant.

  The evaporator 55 is for cooling the ambient temperature by evaporating the liquid-phase refrigerant supplied from the gas-liquid separator 54 and absorbing ambient heat. The evaporator 55 in this Embodiment is using the fin tube type thing comprised, for example with the copper pipe and the aluminum fin. Although not clearly shown in FIG. 3, the evaporator 55 is provided with an evaporator fan. The evaporator fan is for blowing the evaporator 55 and is driven by a fan motor.

  The evaporator 55 is disposed in a heat-insulated refrigerator in, for example, a vending machine, a refrigerator, a freezer / refrigerated showcase, or a beverage dispenser. In particular, in the present embodiment, in the vending machine, in order to cool each of a plurality (three) of the product storage containers (cooling storages) 4a, 4b, 4c independently, each of the product storage containers 4a, 4b, 4c. Are provided with evaporators 55 (55a, 55b, 55c), respectively. That is, the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c are connected in parallel to the respective paths branched in three directions from the end side 541Ab of the inner pipe 541A of the gas-liquid separator 54. In addition, electromagnetic valves 551a, 551b, and 551c as on-off valves are provided on the inlet sides of the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c in the branched paths. Then, by selectively opening the solenoid valves 551a, 551b, and 551c, the liquid phase refrigerant from the gas-liquid separator 54 is supplied to the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c. Further, the outlet-side paths of the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c are gathered together and connected to the suction side of the nozzle portion 531 in the ejector 53.

  The internal heat exchanger 56 is for performing heat exchange between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant supplied to the ejector 53. The internal heat exchanger 56 is provided between the gas cooler 52 and the ejector 53 and between the evaporator 55 and the ejector 53. As shown in FIGS. 8 to 12, the internal heat exchanger 56 is provided with a high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561 between the gas cooler 52 and the ejector 53. Further, the internal heat exchanger 56 is provided with a low-pressure refrigerant pipe 562 between the evaporator 55 and the ejector 53. The high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561 is disposed inside the low-pressure refrigerant pipe 562. The high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561 is provided by bundling a plurality of (three in this embodiment) pipes having high thermal conductivity. Thus, the internal heat exchanger 56 has a double-pipe structure in which the high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561 is disposed inside the low-pressure refrigerant pipe 562.

  The internal heat exchanger 56 is formed in a form in which a plurality of high-pressure refrigerant pipes 561 are arranged in the low-pressure refrigerant pipe 562 in a spiral shape in the vertical direction. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561 is provided with an inlet 561 a of the high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561 at the lower end spiraled in a form in which a plurality of pipes are bundled, and has a spiral upper end. Is provided with an outlet 561b of the high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561. The inlet portion 561a and the outlet portion 561b are formed in a single mouth in which the ports of the plurality of high-pressure refrigerant pipes 561 are converged. On the other hand, the low-pressure refrigerant pipe 562 is provided so as to cover the high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561 as shown in FIG. 12, and is formed in a spiral shape together with the high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561 as shown in FIGS. This low-pressure refrigerant pipe 562 is provided with an inlet portion 562a on the spiral upper end side and an outlet portion 562b on the spiral lower end side. Thus, the internal heat exchanger 56 is provided in such a mode that the high-pressure refrigerant pipe 561 sends the refrigerant from below to above, and the low-pressure refrigerant pipe 562 is provided in a form that sends the refrigerant from above to below. Counter flow is generated between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant.

  Furthermore, a flexible tube-shaped heat insulating material 563 is provided on the outer periphery of the low-pressure refrigerant pipe 562 so that heat exchange between the low-pressure side and the high-pressure side is not affected by outside air. It is.

  The internal heat exchanger 56 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and although not clearly shown in the figure, the internal heat exchanger 56 is connected by brazing or the like in such a manner that the high-pressure refrigerant pipe and the low-pressure refrigerant pipe having thermal conductivity are in contact with each other. There may be.

  By the way, as described above, when the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c) is arranged in each of the commodity storages 4a, 4b, 4c of the vending machine, all the three stores are cooled only by two stores or only one store. The operation of each of the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c corresponding to the above can be considered. And when all the (three) evaporators 55 operate | move, when one evaporator 55 operate | moves, the surplus of a low pressure refrigerant | coolant will increase. That is, a large load fluctuation occurs in the evaporator 55, the amount of low-pressure refrigerant on the suction side changes, the refrigerant pressure in the ejector 53 changes, and the cycle state changes. Specifically, the pressure in the circulation path of the compressor 51, the gas cooler 52, the ejector 53, and the gas-liquid separator 54 on the high pressure side rises, and the liquid phase refrigerant returns to the compressor 51. As a result, the cooling efficiency is lowered, and in some cases, the compressor 51 is damaged. Therefore, by using the latent heat of the low-pressure refrigerant surplus by the internal heat exchanger 56 for cooling the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the gas cooler 52, an increase in pressure on the high-pressure side is prevented. That is, by performing heat exchange between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant by the internal heat exchanger 56, the suction refrigerant density in the ejector 53 is made constant, and the cycle state is optimized.

  FIG. 13 is a view showing heat exchange between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant by the internal heat exchanger 56. In FIG. 13, the case where all the three evaporators 55 are operated is indicated by a solid line, and the case where only one evaporator is operated is indicated by a broken line. When heat is exchanged by the internal heat exchanger 56, the low-pressure refrigerant first changes its latent heat without increasing its temperature and then changes its sensible heat to cool the high-pressure refrigerant as shown in FIG. For this reason, since the suction refrigerant density in the ejector 53 is made constant by adding a degree of superheat to the low-pressure refrigerant and evaporating it, the cycle state is optimized. The internal heat exchanger 56 performs heat exchange when all three evaporators 55 operate and when two or only one evaporator 55 operates. Since a large distance (length) is required until the heat exchange is completed, the desired length L is set for one case. Further, in the present embodiment, the internal heat exchanger 56 has a spiral shape, thereby obtaining a desired length L in a space-saving manner.

  In the refrigerant circuit described above, each evaporator 55 (55a, 55a, 55) is disposed between the gas-liquid separator 54 and the evaporator 55 and on the outlet side of the inner pipe 541A of the gas-liquid separator 54 as shown in FIG. An electronic expansion valve 57 is provided in a portion before branching to 55b and 55c). The electronic expansion valve 57 depressurizes the low-pressure refrigerant supplied from the gas-liquid separator 54 and controls the evaporation temperature and flow rate. In the refrigerant circuit described above, a capillary tube 58 is provided between each electromagnetic valve 551a, 551b, 551c and each evaporator 55a, 55b, 55c. The capillary tube 58 has a resistance line formed in a spiral shape, and depressurizes the low-pressure refrigerant supplied from the gas-liquid separator 54 corresponding to each of the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c. This capillary tube 58 is supplied to each of the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c particularly when the sizes (volumes) of the respective product containers 4a, 4b, and 4c in which the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c are arranged are different. It is suitable for reducing the pressure of the low-pressure refrigerant. Further, both the electronic expansion valve 57 and the capillary tube 58 may be provided, or one of them may be provided.

  Further, when the above-described refrigerant circuit is applied to the vending machine, as shown in FIGS. 3, 14 and 15, the refrigerant circuit is divided into a lower part divided by the shooter 7 of the commodity storages 4a, 4b, 4c, and It is disposed across the machine room 5. An evaporator 55 and an evaporator fan (not shown) are arranged in the commodity storage 4a, 4b, 4c, and a compressor 51, a gas cooler 52, a gas cooler fan (not shown), and a solenoid valve are arranged in the machine room 5. 551a, 551b, 551c, an internal heat exchanger 56, an electronic expansion valve 57, and a capillary tube 58 are arranged. In this Embodiment, the predetermined | prescribed goods storage 4a located in the left side toward the front among goods storage 4a, 4b, 4c is only for cooling. An ejector 53 and a gas-liquid separator 54 are arranged in a predetermined commodity storage 4a dedicated to cooling. Moreover, the product storage 4b located in the center and the product storage 4c located on the right side can be switched between cooling and heating, and a heater 59 is arranged. Note that only the gas-liquid separator 54 of the ejector 53 and the gas-liquid separator 54 may be arranged in the predetermined commodity storage 4 a.

  Further, the product storage 4b located in the center of the front is compared with the other product storages 4a and 4c in which the rack 6b is arranged in one row and the rack 6a is arranged in two rows as described above. And the volume is small. For this reason, when cooling the central product storage case, the evaporation placed in the central product storage case under the influence of intrusion heat, depending on whether the other side product storage case is being cooled or heated. The range of load fluctuations of the vessel increases. Therefore, the refrigerant circulation amount is made to correspond to a large load of the evaporator in the central product storage (when the other product storage is heated). Furthermore, in this Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, it is between the exit side of the evaporator 55b arrange | positioned in the merchandise container 4b, and the entrance side of the evaporator 55a arrange | positioned in the merchandise container 4a only for cooling. Further, they are connected in series by a bypass path 60 with an electromagnetic valve 61 as an on-off valve interposed therebetween. In addition, an electromagnetic valve 62 as an on-off valve is provided on the outlet side of the evaporator 55b and a path between the part where the other evaporators 55a and 55c meet and the bypass path 60. That is, when cooling all the product containers 4a, 4b, 4c, or when cooling the left and center product containers 4a, 4b, the product containers 4a, 4c other than the center become the appropriate temperature and the evaporator. There is a state in which the operation of 55a, 55c is stopped and only the evaporator 55b of the central commodity storage 4b having a small volume is operated. Even in such a state, since the outlet side of the evaporator 55b and the inlet side of the evaporator 55a are connected in series, excess refrigerant in the evaporator 55b is evaporated by the evaporator 55a. The single operation of the evaporator 55b is eliminated. Further, the refrigerant density before the internal heat exchanger 56 is reduced. As a result, it is possible to optimize the cycle state while keeping the suction refrigerant density of the ejector 53 constant.

  Next, the control system of the refrigerant circuit described above will be described. FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a control system of the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit has a refrigerant circuit control unit 100 as shown in FIG. In the operation of the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant circuit control unit 100 operates in accordance with a program and data stored in advance in the memory 101 in order to maintain the cooling capacity of the refrigerant circuit in a suitable state at all times. The valves 551a, 551b, 551c, 61, 62, the nozzle valve 531a of the ejector 53, the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, 63c provided in the evaporators 55a, 55b, 55c and the gas cooler fan 64 provided in the gas cooler 52 are controlled. . The refrigerant circuit control unit 100 includes a high pressure sensor 71, an intermediate pressure sensor 72, a low pressure sensor 73, a gas cooler outlet temperature sensor 74, in order to perform control to maintain the cooling capacity of the refrigerant circuit in an appropriate state at all times. Outside temperature sensor 75, first evaporator inlet temperature sensor 76a, second evaporator inlet temperature sensor 76b, third evaporator inlet temperature sensor 76c, first evaporator outlet temperature sensor 77a, second evaporator outlet temperature sensor 77b, A third evaporator outlet temperature sensor 77c, a first internal temperature sensor 78a, a second internal temperature sensor 78b, a third internal temperature sensor 78c, and an internal heat exchanger outlet temperature sensor 79 are connected.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the high-pressure sensor 71 is provided between the compressor 51 and the gas cooler 52 and detects the pressure of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 51. The intermediate pressure sensor 72 is provided between the ejector 53 and the gas-liquid separator 54 and detects the pressure of the refrigerant boosted by the ejector 53. The low pressure sensor 73 is provided between the electronic expansion valve 57 and the evaporator 55 and detects the pressure of the refrigerant decompressed by the electronic expansion valve 57. The gas cooler outlet temperature sensor 74 is provided at the outlet of the gas cooler 52 and detects the outlet temperature of the gas cooler 52. The outside air temperature sensor 75 is provided outside the vending machine, for example, and detects the outside air temperature of the vending machine. The first evaporator inlet temperature sensor 76a is provided at the inlet of the evaporator 55a and detects the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55a. The second evaporator inlet temperature sensor 76b is provided at the inlet of the evaporator 55b and detects the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55b. The third evaporator inlet temperature sensor 76c is provided at the inlet of the evaporator 55c and detects the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55c. The first evaporator outlet temperature sensor 77a is provided at the outlet of the evaporator 55a and detects the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55a. The second evaporator outlet temperature sensor 77b is provided at the outlet of the evaporator 55b and detects the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55a. The third evaporator outlet temperature sensor 77c is provided at the outlet of the evaporator 55c and detects the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55c. The 1st store | warehouse | chamber interior temperature sensor 78a is provided in the goods storage 4a which makes | forms a heat insulation atmosphere, and detects the temperature in the goods storage 4a. The second internal temperature sensor 78b is provided in the commodity storage 4b that forms an adiabatic atmosphere, and detects the internal temperature of the commodity storage 4b. The third internal temperature sensor 78c is provided in the commodity storage 4c that forms an adiabatic atmosphere, and detects the internal temperature of the commodity storage 4c. The internal heat exchanger outlet temperature sensor 79 is provided at the low-pressure refrigerant outlet in the internal heat exchanger 56 and detects the temperature of the low-pressure refrigerant.

  FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the control operation of the refrigerant circuit control unit. When operating a refrigerant circuit as shown in FIG. 17, the compressor 51 is started (step S1). That is, in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant compressed to a high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 51 is radiated by the gas cooler 52 to obtain a high pressure refrigerant. The high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c) are heat-exchanged by the internal heat exchanger 56, and the high-pressure refrigerant is cooled by the latent heat of the excess low-pressure refrigerant. The ejector 53 depressurizes the high-pressure refrigerant from the gas cooler 52, thereby sucking and mixing the low-pressure refrigerant from the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c). The gas-liquid separator 54 separates the gas-phase refrigerant, the liquid-phase refrigerant, and the refrigerating machine oil, and supplies the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c). Return to the compressor 51. For this reason, the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c) absorbs heat by evaporating the liquid-phase refrigerant and cools the interiors of the product containers 4a, 4b, 4c.

  Thus, when starting the compressor 51 and operating the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant circuit control unit 100 detects the pressure data detected by the pressure sensors 71, 72, 73 and the temperature sensors 74, 75, 76a, The temperature data detected by 76b, 76c, 77a, 77b, 77c, 78a, 78b, 78c, 79 and the operating status of each solenoid valve 551a, 551b, 551c, 61, 62 and the nozzle valve 531a are acquired (step S2). ).

  When the refrigerant circuit control unit 100 acquires the internal temperature of the product storage containers 4a, 4b, and 4c and the internal temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, the refrigerant circuit control unit 100 closes the solenoid valves 551a, 551b, and 551c to close the evaporators 55a, The operations of 55b and 55c are stopped. For this reason, there is a case where one evaporator 55 is operated or two or all evaporators 55 are operated. Thus, when the operating state of the evaporator 55 changes, the evaporation temperature and the high pressure change greatly. When the evaporation temperature becomes high, the temperature difference from the interior atmosphere of the product containers 4a, 4b, 4c becomes small, and the amount of heat exchanged in the evaporator 55 becomes small. On the other hand, if the evaporation temperature is too low, the operation efficiency of the compressor 51 is lowered, so that the power consumption increases, the refrigerant circulation amount decreases, and the cooling capacity decreases. Therefore, the refrigerant circuit control unit 100 adjusts the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 and the nozzle valve 531a from each acquired pressure state and each temperature state.

  Then, the refrigerant circuit control unit 100 determines whether or not the opening degrees of the electronic expansion valve 57 and the nozzle valve 531a are changed, and when there is a change (step S3: there is a change), the refrigerant circuit control unit 100 An opening change amount is acquired (step S4), and the opening is changed (step S5).

  The determination and the opening change amount are illustrated in FIGS. 18 and 19. FIG. 18 shows a chart of constant evaporation temperature control for adjusting the opening degrees of the electronic expansion valve 57 and the nozzle valve 531a according to the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55. As shown in FIG. 18, when the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is within a predetermined range (for example, −9 ° C. to −12 ° C.), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 is set to “maintain current (no change)”. And the opening is maintained according to preset data. Further, when the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is equal to or higher than a predetermined range (for example, −8 ° C. or higher), it is determined that the opening of the electronic expansion valve 57 is “throttle” and the opening change amount “−P (plus ) ”. When the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is below a predetermined range (for example, −13 ° C. or higher), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 is determined to be “open”, and the opening degree change amount “+ P (plus)” Is obtained. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 18, when the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is within a predetermined range (for example, −9 ° C. to −12 ° C.), the opening degree of the nozzle valve 531a is set to “maintain current (no change)”. And the opening degree is maintained in accordance with preset data. Further, when the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is equal to or higher than a predetermined range (for example, −8 ° C. or higher), the opening degree of the nozzle valve 531a is determined to be “throttle” and the opening degree change amount “−P (plus)”. Is obtained. When the inlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is not more than a predetermined range (for example, −13 ° C. or more), the opening degree of the nozzle valve 531a is determined to be “open” and the opening degree change amount “+ P (plus)”. To get.

  FIG. 19 shows a chart of constant superheat control for adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 according to the difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55. As shown in FIG. 19, the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is optimized within a predetermined range (for example, 5 ° C. to 10 ° C.). ) "And the opening amount" 0 "is acquired. Further, when the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is not less than the predetermined range (for example, 15 ° C.), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 is determined to be “open” and the opening amount “+10”. (Plus) ". When the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is not more than the predetermined range (for example, 2 ° C.), it is determined that the opening of the electronic expansion valve 57 is “throttle” and the opening amount “− 10 (plus) ". On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 19, the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is optimized within a predetermined range (for example, 5 ° C. to 10 ° C.). None) ”and the opening amount“ 0 ”is acquired. Further, when the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is not less than the predetermined range (for example, 15 ° C.), the opening degree of the nozzle valve 531a is determined to be “open” and the opening amount “+5 ( plus) ”. When the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the evaporator 55 is not more than the predetermined range (for example, 3 ° C.), it is determined that the opening degree of the nozzle valve 531a is “throttle” and the opening degree amount “−5”. (Plus) ".

  FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing another control operation of the refrigerant circuit control unit. When operating a refrigerant circuit as shown in FIG. 20, the compressor 51 is started (step S21). That is, in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant compressed to a high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 51 is radiated by the gas cooler 52 to obtain a high pressure refrigerant. The high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c) are heat-exchanged by the internal heat exchanger 56, and the high-pressure refrigerant is cooled by the latent heat of the excess low-pressure refrigerant. The ejector 53 depressurizes the high-pressure refrigerant from the gas cooler 52, thereby sucking and mixing the low-pressure refrigerant from the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c). The gas-liquid separator 54 separates the gas-phase refrigerant, the liquid-phase refrigerant, and the refrigerating machine oil, and supplies the liquid-phase refrigerant to the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c). Return to the compressor 51. For this reason, the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c) absorbs heat by evaporating the liquid-phase refrigerant and cools the interiors of the product containers 4a, 4b, 4c.

  Thus, when starting the compressor 51 and operating the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant circuit control unit 100 detects the pressure data detected by the pressure sensors 71, 72, 73 and the temperature sensors 74, 75, 76a, The temperature data detected by 76b, 76c, 77a, 77b, 77c, 78a, 78b, 78c, 79 is acquired (step S22).

  In the refrigerant circuit controller 100, the density of the refrigerant flowing into the ejector 53 is estimated from the high pressure, the low pressure, the evaporator outlet temperature, and the internal temperature (step S23). At this time, when the refrigerant is in a critical state, the refrigerant density is estimated from the pressure and temperature. On the other hand, when the refrigerant is in a subcritical state, the refrigerant circulation amount is estimated from the high pressure and constant pressure, and the exchange heat amount of the evaporator 55 is calculated from the internal temperature to estimate the dryness of the refrigerant. Then, the refrigerant density is calculated from the refrigerant circulation amount and the refrigerant dryness.

  Then, the refrigerant circuit control unit 100 compares the estimated refrigerant density with a preset refrigerant density setting value to determine whether or not the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 is changed or the air volume of the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, and 63c is changed. When it is determined that there is a change (step S24: change), the opening degree change amount of the electronic expansion valve 57 and the air volume change amounts of the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, 63c are acquired (step S25), and the opening degree Or the air volume is changed (step S26).

  In step S24, the refrigerant density setting value varies depending on the value of the high pressure or the low pressure. That is, as shown in FIG. 21A, the upper limit of the refrigerant density set value according to the high pressure range (P <Pl1, Pl1 ≦ P <Pl2, Pl3 ≦ P <Pl4, Pl4 ≦ P <Pl5, P ≧ Pl5). (Ρ1, ρ3, ρ5, ρ7, ρ9) and the lower limit (ρ2, ρ4, ρ6, ρ8, ρ10) are preset. Further, as shown in FIG. 21-2, the upper limit of the refrigerant density set value according to the low pressure range (P <Pl1, Pl1 ≦ P <Pl2, Pl3 ≦ P <Pl4, Pl4 ≦ P <Pl5, P ≧ Pl5). (Ρ11, ρ13, ρ15, ρ17, ρ19) and lower limits (ρ12, ρ14, ρ16, ρ18, ρ20) are set in advance.

  In step S24, as shown in FIG. 22, the estimated refrigerant density ρ with respect to the refrigerant density set value lower limit ρlo and the refrigerant density set value upper limit ρhi is a predetermined value between the refrigerant density set value lower limit ρlo and the refrigerant density set value upper limit ρhi. (Ρlo ≦ ρ ≦ ρhi), and in this case, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 is determined to be “maintenance maintained (no change)” and the opening degree is maintained. When the estimated refrigerant density ρ is equal to or lower than the refrigerant density set value lower limit ρlo (ρ <ρlo), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 is determined to be “open” and the opening amount “+ P (plus)” is acquired. To do. When the estimated refrigerant density ρ is equal to or higher than the refrigerant density set value upper limit ρhi (ρhi <ρ), the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 is determined to be “throttle”, and the opening amount “−P (plus)” is set. get.

  In step S24, as shown in FIG. 23, the estimated refrigerant density ρ with respect to the refrigerant density set value lower limit ρlo and the refrigerant density set value upper limit ρhi is a predetermined value between the refrigerant density set value lower limit ρlo and the refrigerant density set value upper limit ρhi. The range (ρlo ≦ ρ ≦ ρhi) is optimal. At this time, the airflows of the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, and 63c are determined to be “currently maintained (no change)” and the airflow is maintained. Further, when the estimated refrigerant density ρ is equal to or lower than the refrigerant density set value lower limit ρlo (ρ <ρlo), the air volume of the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, and 63c is determined as “reduced” and the air volume “−Q” is acquired. To do. When the estimated refrigerant density ρ is equal to or higher than the refrigerant density set value upper limit ρhi (ρhi <ρ), the air volume of the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, and 63c is determined to be “increase”, and the air volume “+ Q” is acquired. . Here, the change in the air volume of the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, and 63c includes a change in applied voltage and a change in duty ratio (hereinafter referred to as duty ratio). When the applied voltage is changed, the low voltage “−Q” or the high voltage “+ Q” is set. When the duty ratio is changed, “−Q” is set to decrease the duty ratio, or “+ Q” is set to increase the duty ratio. As shown in FIG. 24, the duty ratio is a ratio (duty ratio = ON time / (ON + OFF time)) when the applied voltage is turned ON / OFF at a constant period when the evaporator fan is turned ON.

  As described above, the refrigerant circuit described above includes the internal heat exchanger 56 that performs heat exchange between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant supplied to the ejector 53. That is, even when load fluctuation occurs in the evaporator 55 and the amount of low-pressure refrigerant on the suction side changes, the latent heat of the low-pressure refrigerant surplus by the internal heat exchanger 56 is used to cool the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the gas cooler 52. By doing so, the pressure rise on the high pressure side is prevented. As a result, the supercooling degree of the low-pressure refrigerant is evaporated and the suction refrigerant density in the ejector 53 becomes constant, so that the cycle state can be optimized.

  In particular, in the case where the evaporators 55 (55a, 55b, 55c) are respectively disposed in the plurality of commodity storages 4a, 4b, 4c as in a vending machine, the number of operating evaporators 55 is reduced. Although a large load fluctuation occurs in the operating evaporator 55, the internal heat exchanger 56 performs heat exchange between the high-pressure refrigerant and the low-pressure refrigerant, so that the suction refrigerant density in the ejector 53 is made constant and the cycle state is changed. It becomes possible to optimize.

  In the refrigerant circuit described above, the evaporator 55b disposed in the central product storage 4b having a small volume is connected in series via the solenoid valve 61 to the evaporator 55a disposed in the left product storage 4a dedicated to cooling. Connected. That is, since the surplus refrigerant in the evaporator 55b is evaporated by the evaporator 55a, the single operation of the evaporator 55b is eliminated. Further, the refrigerant density before the internal heat exchanger 56 is reduced. As a result, the refrigerant circulation amount of the evaporator 55b is reduced, so that the evaporation temperature is lowered and the operation efficiency can be improved.

  In the refrigerant circuit described above, in the gas-liquid separator 54, the inner tube 541A provided between the ejector 53 and the compressor 51 and having a through hole 541Ac formed in a spiral shape formed in a spiral shape, and the inner tube 541A The portion provided with the through hole 541Ac was covered with the inner tube 541A to form a spiral shape, and the terminal side 541Bb branched from the inner tube 541A was constituted by the outer tube 541B connected to the evaporator 55. That is, the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector 53 is passed through the inner pipe 541A, and the liquid refrigerant of the mixed refrigerant passing through the spiral portion is biased to the outside by a centrifugal force and is passed through the through hole 541Ac to the outer pipe 541B. By transferring the liquid phase refrigerant, the gas phase refrigerant and the liquid phase refrigerant are separated, the gas phase refrigerant is sent to the compressor 51, and the liquid phase refrigerant is sent to the evaporator 55. As a result, the spiral double tube structure is used to reduce the size compared to the conventional gas-liquid separator having a tank that stores the mixed refrigerant and separates it into a liquid-phase refrigerant and a gas-phase refrigerant. It becomes possible. In particular, as described above, when the gas-liquid separator 54 is arranged inside the commodity storage 4a of the vending machine, space efficiency can be improved by downsizing the gas-liquid separator 54.

  Further, in the gas-liquid separator 54, a trap portion 541Bc is provided on the end side of the outer tube 541B, and this trap portion 541Bc and the end side 541Ab of the inner tube 541A below the trap portion 541Bc are connected via a connecting tube 542A. Connected. That is, in the trap part 541Bc, the refrigerating machine oil contained in the liquid phase refrigerant sinks to the lower part by its own specific gravity and is transferred to the terminal side 541Ab of the inner pipe 541A through the connection pipe 542A. And the liquid phase refrigerant is sent to the evaporator 55, and the refrigerating machine oil is sent to the compressor 51 together with the gas phase refrigerant. As a result, with the configuration provided with the trap portion 541Bc, it is possible to reduce the size as compared with the conventional oil separator having a tank that stores the refrigerant and separates it into the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil. In particular, since the structure for separating the refrigerating machine oil is integrated into the inner pipe 541A and the outer pipe 541B of the gas-liquid separator 54, it is possible to efficiently separate the gas, liquid, and oil. Further, as described above, when the gas-liquid separator 54 is disposed inside the commodity storage 4a of the vending machine, space efficiency can be improved by downsizing the gas-liquid separator 54.

  In the refrigerant circuit described above, in the refrigerant circuit control unit 100, the temperature of the refrigerant detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensors 76a, 76b, and 76c is within a predetermined range, and the nozzle valve 531a and the electronic expansion valve 57 of the ejector 53 Adjust the opening. Alternatively, in the refrigerant circuit control unit 100, the difference between the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensors 76a, 76b, and 76c and the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator outlet temperature sensors 77a, 77b, and 77c is within a predetermined range. The opening degree of the nozzle valve 531a and the electronic expansion valve 57 is adjusted in an inward manner. That is, in the case where the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c) is arranged in each of the plurality of commodity storages 4a, 4b, 4c as in a vending machine, the inside of the commodity storages 4a, 4b, 4c When the temperature is acquired and the internal temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, the operation of the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c is stopped by closing the electromagnetic valves 551a, 551b, and 551c related to the corresponding evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c. Let For this reason, there is a case where one evaporator 55 is operated or two or all evaporators 55 are operated. Thus, when the operating state of the evaporator 55 changes, the evaporation temperature and the high pressure change greatly. The refrigerant circuit control unit 100 adjusts the opening temperature of the electronic expansion valve 57 and the nozzle valve 531a from each acquired pressure state and each temperature state, and therefore changes in the evaporation temperature and high pressure due to changes in the operating state of the evaporator 55. Therefore, the amount of heat exchanged in the evaporator 55 and the operation efficiency of the compressor 51 can be optimized.

  In the refrigerant circuit described above, the refrigerant pressure detected by the high pressure sensor 71 and the low pressure sensor 73, the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensors 76a, 76b, and 76c, and the internal temperature sensors 78a, 78b, and 78c. The refrigerant density ρ estimated from the temperature detected in step 1 and the refrigerant density set values ρlo and ρhi set in advance according to the refrigerant pressure detected by the high pressure sensor 71 and the low pressure sensor 73 are compared, and the estimated refrigerant density ρ Is adjusted within a predetermined range to adjust the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 and the air volume of the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, 63c. That is, in the case where the evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c) is arranged in each of the plurality of commodity storages 4a, 4b, 4c as in a vending machine, the commodity storages 4a, 4b, 4c When the internal temperature is acquired and the internal temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, the operation of the evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c is performed by closing the electromagnetic valves 551a, 551b, and 551c related to the corresponding evaporators 55a, 55b, and 55c. Stop. For this reason, there is a case where one evaporator 55 is operated or two or all evaporators 55 are operated. Thus, when the operating state of the evaporator 55 changes, the evaporation temperature and the high pressure change greatly. In the refrigerant circuit control unit 100, when the estimated refrigerant density ρ is equal to or lower than the refrigerant density set value lower limit ρlo, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 is opened, and the air volume of the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, 63c is reduced. The refrigerant circulation amount is increased to make it difficult for the evaporator 55 to vaporize the refrigerant, thereby increasing the refrigerant density. On the contrary, when the estimated refrigerant density ρ is equal to or higher than the refrigerant density set value upper limit ρhi, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 57 is reduced, the air volume of the evaporator fans 63a, 63b, 63c is increased, It makes it easier to vaporize and lowers the refrigerant density. As a result, since changes in the evaporation temperature and high pressure due to changes in the operating state of the evaporator 55 are suppressed, the amount of heat exchanged in the evaporator 55 and the operation efficiency of the compressor 51 can be optimized.

  The refrigerant circuit described above is particularly effective when carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, and the above-described effect can be obtained when the carbon dioxide refrigerant is used.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the commodity storages 4a, 4b, 4c of the vending machine are cooled as the refrigerant circuit has been described. However, it is also possible to heat a desired product storage. FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit when an evaporator is used as a heating means.

  First, the cooling system will be described. As shown in FIG. 25, the compressor 51 is configured to perform a two-stage compression operation using an intermediate heat exchanger 511. That is, an intermediate heat exchanger 511 is provided between the first compressor 51a that performs the first stage compression operation and the second compressor 51b that performs the second stage compression operation. The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 51 is supplied to the gas cooler 52 to dissipate heat, and is heat-exchanged by the internal heat exchanger 56 and passes through the ejector 53, the gas-liquid separator 54, and the electronic expansion valve 57. And the refrigerant | coolant supplied from the electronic expansion valve 57 reaches each evaporator 55 (55a, 55b, 55c, 55d) selected by opening / closing of each electromagnetic valve 551a, 551b, 551c, 551d, and evaporates each commodity. The container (not shown in FIG. 25) is cooled. The refrigerant that has passed through the evaporator 55 is heat-exchanged by the internal heat exchanger 56 and sucked into the ejector 53. This configuration is the same as the refrigerant circuit described above.

  Next, the heating system will be described. Here, the evaporator 55c is used as a heating means. In this case, they are connected as follows. The discharge side of the compressor 51 (51b) and the inlet side of the evaporator 55c are connected via an electromagnetic valve 80. The outlet side of the evaporator 55 c and the outlet side of the gas cooler 52 are connected via an electromagnetic valve 81. The outlet side of the evaporator 55 c and the inlet side of the gas cooler 52 are connected via an electromagnetic valve 82. An electromagnetic valve 83 is provided between the compressor 51 (51b) and the gas cooler 52. Further, an electromagnetic valve 84 is provided between a branch portion that is the outlet side of the evaporator 55 c and reaches the outlet side and the inlet side of the gas cooler 52, and the collecting portion of each evaporator 55. In addition, a check valve 91 is provided on the inlet side of the evaporator 55c and between the joining portion from the compressor 51 (51b) and the electromagnetic valve 551c to prevent the reverse flow toward the electromagnetic valve 551c. Further, a check valve 92 for preventing a back flow to the evaporator 55c side is provided at a position before the electromagnetic valve 81 and the electromagnetic valve 82 from the outlet side of the evaporator 55c to the gas cooler 52.

  According to the heating system, the evaporator 55c is used as a heating means by closing the solenoid valves 551c and 84 and opening the solenoid valve 80. At this time, if the solenoid valves 82 and 83 are closed and the solenoid valve 81 is opened, a refrigerant circuit that does not pass refrigerant through the gas cooler 52 is obtained. If the electromagnetic valve 83 is closed and the electromagnetic valves 81 and 82 are opened, a refrigerant circuit that passes the refrigerant from the evaporator 55c to the inlet side and the outlet side of the gas cooler 52 is obtained. If the solenoid valve 82 is closed and the solenoid valves 81 and 83 are opened, a refrigerant circuit is obtained that passes the refrigerant from the evaporator 55c to the outlet side of the gas cooler 52 while passing the refrigerant to the evaporator 55c and the gas cooler 52, respectively. When the electromagnetic valve 81 is closed and the electromagnetic valves 82 and 83 are opened, a refrigerant circuit is obtained that passes the refrigerant from the evaporator 55c to the inlet side of the gas cooler 52 while passing the refrigerant to the evaporator 55c and the gas cooler 52, respectively. If the electromagnetic valves 81 and 83 are closed and the electromagnetic valve 82 is opened, a refrigerant circuit that passes the refrigerant from the evaporator 55c to the inlet side of the gas cooler 52 is obtained. When the solenoid valves 81, 82, 83 are opened, a refrigerant circuit is obtained through the refrigerant from the evaporator 55c to the inlet side and the outlet side of the gas cooler 52 through the refrigerant to the evaporator 55c and the gas cooler 52, respectively.

  Another heating system will be described. Here, the evaporator 55b is used as a heating means. In this case, they are connected as follows. The discharge side of the compressor 51 (51a) and the inlet side of the evaporator 55b are connected via an electromagnetic valve 85. The outlet side of the evaporator 55 b and the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 511 are connected via an electromagnetic valve 86. The outlet side of the evaporator 55 c and the inlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 511 are connected via an electromagnetic valve 87. An electromagnetic valve 88 is provided between the compressor 51 (51a) and the intermediate heat exchanger 511. Further, an electromagnetic valve 89 is provided between the branching portion on the outlet side of the evaporator 55 b and reaching the outlet side and the inlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 511 and the collecting portion of each evaporator 55. Further, a check valve 93 is provided on the inlet side of the evaporator 55b and between the joining portion from the compressor 51 (51a) and the electromagnetic valve 551b to prevent the reverse flow toward the electromagnetic valve 551b. Furthermore, a check valve 94 for preventing a backflow to the evaporator 55b side is provided at a portion before the solenoid valve 86 and the solenoid valve 87 from the outlet side of the evaporator 55b to the intermediate heat exchanger 511.

  According to the other heating system, the evaporator 55b is used as the heating means by closing the solenoid valves 551b and 89 and opening the solenoid valve 85. At this time, if the electromagnetic valves 87 and 88 are closed and the electromagnetic valve 86 is opened, a refrigerant circuit that does not pass through the refrigerant is obtained in the intermediate heat exchanger 511. If the electromagnetic valve 88 is closed and the electromagnetic valves 86 and 87 are opened, a refrigerant circuit is obtained through the refrigerant from the evaporator 55b to the inlet side and the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 511. If the electromagnetic valve 87 is closed and the electromagnetic valves 86 and 88 are opened, the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant from the evaporator 55b to the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 511 while passing through the refrigerant to the evaporator 55b and the intermediate heat exchanger 511, respectively. A circuit is obtained. If the solenoid valve 86 is closed and the solenoid valves 87 and 88 are opened, a refrigerant circuit that passes the refrigerant from the evaporator 55b to the inlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 511 while passing the refrigerant to the evaporator 55b and the intermediate heat exchanger 511, respectively. Is obtained. If the electromagnetic valves 86 and 88 are closed and the electromagnetic valve 87 is opened, a refrigerant circuit that passes the refrigerant from the evaporator 55b to the inlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 511 is obtained. When the solenoid valves 86, 87, 88 are opened, a refrigerant circuit that passes the refrigerant from the evaporator 55b to the inlet side and the outlet side of the intermediate heat exchanger 511 while passing the refrigerant to the evaporator 55b and the intermediate heat exchanger 511, respectively. can get.

  Thus, even when the evaporator 55 is used as a heating means, it is possible to obtain the effects of the internal heat exchanger 56 and the gas-liquid separator 54.

  FIG. 26 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the refrigerant circuit according to the present invention. In FIG. 26, another ejector 53 ′ is provided between the ejector 53 and the gas-liquid separator 54 described above. The other ejector 53 ′ sucks the mixed refrigerant discharged from the ejector 53 by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the gas cooler 52 as a radiator, and further mixes and mixes with the high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the gas cooler 52. The refrigerant is pressurized and discharged, and supplied to the gas-liquid separator 54.

  When the other ejector 53 ′ is not provided, for example, even if the efficiency of the ejector 53 is improved by the internal heat exchanger 56, the refrigerant pressure due to the pressurizing action may be limited. On the other hand, when another ejector 53 'is provided, the refrigerant pressure is increased by the multistage ejectors 53, 53', so that the burden on the compressor 51 is reduced and the cycle can be made more efficient. .

It is a perspective view which shows the state which open | released the inside of the vending machine to which the refrigerant circuit which concerns on this invention was applied. It is a front view of the vending machine shown in FIG. It is the schematic which shows embodiment of the refrigerant circuit which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic which shows a two-stage compressor. It is a block diagram which shows a gas-liquid separator. It is sectional drawing which shows the effect | action of a gas-liquid separator. It is sectional drawing which shows the effect | action of a gas-liquid separator. It is a top view which shows an internal heat exchanger. It is a front view which shows an internal heat exchanger. It is a side view which shows an internal heat exchanger. It is a perspective view which shows an internal heat exchanger. It is sectional drawing of an internal heat exchanger. It is a figure which shows heat exchange with the high pressure refrigerant | coolant and low-pressure refrigerant | coolant by an internal heat exchanger. It is a sectional side view of the vending machine to which the refrigerant circuit concerning the present invention is applied. It is the schematic of the vending machine to which the refrigerant circuit which concerns on this invention is applied. It is a block diagram which shows the control system of a refrigerant circuit. It is a flowchart which shows the control action of a refrigerant circuit control part. It is a chart which shows evaporation temperature fixed control. It is a graph which shows superheat degree constant control. It is a flowchart which shows the other control action of a refrigerant circuit control part. It is a graph which shows the refrigerant density setting value in a high pressure. It is a graph which shows the refrigerant density setting value in low pressure. It is a chart which shows electronic expansion valve control. It is a chart which shows evaporator fan control. It is a figure which shows Duty control of an evaporator fan. It is the schematic of a refrigerant circuit at the time of using an evaporator as a heating means. It is the schematic which shows other embodiment of the refrigerant circuit which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

51 (51a, 51b) Compressor 511 Intermediate heat exchanger 52 Gas cooler (radiator)
53, 53 'Ejector 531 Nozzle part 531a Nozzle valve 532 Mixing part 533 Diffuser part 54 Gas-liquid separator 541 Gas-liquid separation part 541A Inner pipe 541Aa Starting end 541Ab Ending side 541Ac Through hole 541B Outer pipe 541B Starting end 541Ba Part 542 liquid oil separating part 542A connecting pipe 55 (55a, 55b, 55c) evaporator 551a, 551b, 551c solenoid valve 56 internal heat exchanger 561 high pressure refrigerant pipe 561a inlet part 561b outlet part 562 low pressure refrigerant pipe 562a inlet part 562b outlet Part 563 Heat insulation material 57 Electronic expansion valve (expansion valve)
58 Capillary tube 59 Heater 60 Bypass path 61 Solenoid valve 62 Solenoid valve 63a, 63b, 63c Evaporator fan 64 Gas cooler fan 71 High pressure sensor 72 Medium pressure sensor 73 Low pressure sensor 74 Gas cooler outlet temperature sensor 75 Outside air temperature sensor 76a, 76b, 76c Evaporator inlet temperature sensor 77a, 77b, 77c Evaporator outlet temperature sensor 78a, 78b, 78c Internal temperature sensor 79 Internal heat exchanger outlet temperature sensor 100 Refrigerant circuit control unit 101 Memory

Claims (11)

A compressor that compresses the refrigerant; a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator to depressurize and discharge from the evaporator An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant that has been mixed and pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant, and compresses the gas-phase refrigerant. In the refrigerant circuit comprising a gas-liquid separator that supplies liquid phase refrigerant to the evaporator while returning to the machine,
A refrigerant circuit comprising an internal heat exchanger for performing mutual heat exchange between a high-pressure refrigerant and a low-pressure refrigerant supplied to the ejector. A compressor that compresses the refrigerant; a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator to depressurize and discharge from the evaporator An ejector that sucks and mixes the generated low-pressure refrigerant and pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant to compress the gas-phase refrigerant A refrigerant circuit comprising a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of the evaporators are connected in parallel through an on-off valve. ,
A refrigerant circuit comprising an internal heat exchanger for performing mutual heat exchange between a high-pressure refrigerant and a low-pressure refrigerant supplied to the ejector. A compressor that compresses the refrigerant; a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator to depressurize and discharge from the evaporator An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant that has been mixed and pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant, and compresses the gas-phase refrigerant. A refrigerant circuit comprising a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of the evaporators are connected in parallel through an on-off valve. ,
A refrigerant circuit, wherein a predetermined evaporator is connected in series to another evaporator via an on-off valve. A compressor that compresses the refrigerant; a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator to depressurize and discharge from the evaporator An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant that has been mixed and pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant, and compresses the gas-phase refrigerant. In the refrigerant circuit comprising a gas-liquid separator that supplies liquid phase refrigerant to the evaporator while returning to the machine,
The gas-liquid separator has an inner pipe in which a through hole is provided at a radially outer position formed in a spiral shape with a start end side connected to the ejector and a terminal end side is connected to the compressor. A refrigerant circuit comprising: an outer tube which is formed in a spiral shape with the inner tube so as to cover a portion provided with a through hole, and which is connected to the evaporator at a terminal end branched from the inner tube.   The gas-liquid separator is provided with a trap part that sends the refrigerant downward while temporarily sending the refrigerant downward on the terminal end side of the outer pipe, and a terminal part of the inner pipe located below the trap part and below the lower part. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 4, wherein the refrigerant circuit is connected to the side. A compressor that compresses the refrigerant; a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator to depressurize and discharge from the evaporator An ejector that sucks and mixes the generated low-pressure refrigerant and pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant to compress the gas-phase refrigerant A refrigerant circuit comprising a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of the evaporators are connected in parallel through an on-off valve. ,
A nozzle valve that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant at the decompression portion of the ejector;
An expansion valve for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator;
An evaporator inlet temperature sensor that is provided on the inlet side of each of the evaporators and detects the temperature of the refrigerant. The nozzle is configured so that the temperature of the refrigerant detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor is within a predetermined range. A refrigerant circuit, wherein the opening degree of the valve and the expansion valve is adjusted. A compressor that compresses the refrigerant; a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator to depressurize and discharge from the evaporator An ejector that sucks and mixes the generated low-pressure refrigerant and pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant to compress the gas-phase refrigerant A refrigerant circuit comprising a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of the evaporators are connected in parallel through an on-off valve. ,
A nozzle valve that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant at the decompression portion of the ejector;
An expansion valve for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator;
An evaporator inlet temperature sensor provided on the inlet side of each evaporator for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant;
An evaporator outlet temperature sensor that is provided on the outlet side of each evaporator and detects the temperature of the refrigerant. The temperature of the refrigerant detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor and the temperature detected by the evaporator outlet temperature sensor A refrigerant circuit characterized in that the opening degree of the nozzle valve and the expansion valve is adjusted in such a manner that the temperature difference from the temperature of the refrigerant falls within a predetermined range. A compressor that compresses the refrigerant; a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator to depressurize and discharge from the evaporator An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant that has been mixed and pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant, and compresses the gas-phase refrigerant. A refrigerant circuit comprising a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of the evaporators are connected in parallel through an on-off valve. ,
An expansion valve for adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant supplied to the evaporator;
A high-pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant;
A low-pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the low-pressure refrigerant;
An evaporator outlet temperature sensor that is provided on the outlet side of each evaporator and detects the temperature of the refrigerant;
An internal temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside the adiabatic atmosphere in which the evaporator is disposed, and the refrigerant pressure detected by the high pressure sensor and the low pressure sensor, and the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor. And the estimated refrigerant density by comparing the refrigerant density estimated from the temperature detected by the internal temperature sensor with the refrigerant density set value preset according to the pressure of the refrigerant detected by the high pressure sensor and the low pressure sensor. The refrigerant circuit is characterized in that the opening degree of the expansion valve is adjusted in such a manner that is within a predetermined range. A compressor that compresses the refrigerant; a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator to depressurize and discharge from the evaporator An ejector that sucks and mixes the generated low-pressure refrigerant and pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant to compress the gas-phase refrigerant A refrigerant circuit comprising a plurality of refrigerant circulation paths in which a plurality of the evaporators are connected in parallel through an on-off valve. ,
An evaporator fan for blowing the evaporator;
A high-pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant;
A low-pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the low-pressure refrigerant;
An evaporator outlet temperature sensor that is provided on the outlet side of each evaporator and detects the temperature of the refrigerant;
An internal temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside the adiabatic atmosphere in which the evaporator is disposed, and the refrigerant pressure detected by the high pressure sensor and the low pressure sensor, and the refrigerant temperature detected by the evaporator inlet temperature sensor. And the estimated refrigerant density by comparing the refrigerant density estimated from the temperature detected by the internal temperature sensor with the refrigerant density set value preset according to the pressure of the refrigerant detected by the high pressure sensor and the low pressure sensor. The refrigerant circuit is characterized in that the air volume of the evaporator fan is adjusted in such a manner that is within a predetermined range. A compressor that compresses the refrigerant; a radiator that dissipates the refrigerant supplied from the compressor; an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant; and a high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator to depressurize and discharge from the evaporator An ejector that sucks and mixes the low-pressure refrigerant that has been mixed and pressurizes and discharges the mixed refrigerant, and separates the mixed refrigerant supplied from the ejector into a gas-phase refrigerant and a liquid-phase refrigerant, and compresses the gas-phase refrigerant. In the refrigerant circuit comprising a gas-liquid separator that supplies liquid phase refrigerant to the evaporator while returning to the machine,
It is provided between the ejector and the gas-liquid separator, and by depressurizing the high-pressure refrigerant supplied from the radiator, the mixed refrigerant discharged from the ejector is sucked and mixed, and the mixed refrigerant is pressurized. Then, another ejector that is discharged and supplied to the gas-liquid separator is provided.   The refrigerant circuit according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is carbon dioxide.

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