JP2009169495A

JP2009169495A - Vending machine

Info

Publication number: JP2009169495A
Application number: JP2008004061A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Yuuji Fujimoto; 裕地藤本; Yukihiro Takano; 幸裕高野; Toshiaki Tsuchiya; 敏章土屋; Yasutaka Sanuki; 育孝讃岐; Kentetsu Yasujima; 賢哲安嶋; Fumiyasu Yokoyama; 史泰横山; Koji Takiguchi; 浩司滝口; Hisanori Ishita; 尚紀井下; Makoto Ishida; 真石田
Original assignee: Fuji Electric Retail Systems Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fuji Electric Retail Systems Co Ltd
Priority date: 2008-01-11
Filing date: 2008-01-11
Publication date: 2009-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2028-01-11
Also published as: JP5056426B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vending machine which smoothly performs start of heat pump operation in short time and at low cost even in performing heat pump operation at high condensation temperature of a heating heat exchanger and high pressure at a high-pressure side. <P>SOLUTION: Start of a compressor can be smoothly performed in short time and at low cost, since all circuits through which coolant circulates are promptly opened and pressures of an entrance and exit of the compressor are counterbalanced by opening a solenoid valve of entrance side of the evaporator and heating heat exchanger corresponding to operation mode, and fully opening an electronic expansion valve, when starting of a cooling heating operation mode. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、缶、ビン、パック、ペットボトル等の容器に入れた飲料等の商品を冷媒回路にて冷却または加熱して販売に供する自動販売機に関する。 The present invention relates to a vending machine that sells a product such as a beverage, such as a can, a bottle, a pack, or a plastic bottle, which is cooled or heated in a refrigerant circuit for sale.

近年の地球温暖化に対して二酸化炭素の排出量削減が課題となっており、自動販売機も省エネ型が開発されている。その１方式として従来は排熱していた凝縮器の熱を庫内の加熱に利用するヒートポンプ方式の自動販売機が注目されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
しかしながら、この自動販売機は、庫内側の熱交換器を冷却時には蒸発器として使用し、加温時には凝縮器として使用するため、自動販売機の冷却加熱の運転モードによって、冷媒の流し方を変更させる必要がある結果、冷凍回路の配管が複雑になりコスト高を招来するという問題がある。
また、圧縮機の起動時、過負荷状態にあると電動機がロックし電動機の巻線に大電流が流れ、長時間流れると巻線の焼損が生じる。従来はこれを防止するためにロックが起こった時、圧縮機を停止させ圧縮機の吐出側と吸入側との圧力平衡がとれるまでの時間を待って圧縮機を再起動させていた。しかし、この方式では、圧縮機を再起動させるのに圧縮機の吐出側と吸入側との圧力平衡がとれるまでの時間が（例えば５分間）かかり、冷却遅延が起こっていた。
また、冷却遅延を解消させるために冷凍サイクルの高圧側と低圧側をバイパスさせる位置に自在に開閉ができる弁を設け、圧縮機の起動時の過負荷状態の時、ロックが起こると弁を短時間開放し圧力平衡をさせて圧縮機を再起動させる方法もあった（例えば、特許文献２参照）。
特開２００２−２９８２１０号公報特開平１０−３８３９０号公報 Reducing carbon dioxide emissions has become an issue with recent global warming, and energy-saving vending machines have been developed. As one of the methods, a heat pump type vending machine that uses the heat of the condenser, which has been exhausted in the past, to heat the inside of the cabinet is attracting attention (for example, see Patent Document 1).
However, this vending machine uses the heat exchanger inside the cabinet as an evaporator when cooling, and as a condenser when warming, so depending on the cooling heating operation mode of the vending machine, As a result, there is a problem that the piping of the refrigeration circuit becomes complicated and the cost is increased.
In addition, when the compressor is started, if the motor is overloaded, the motor locks and a large current flows through the motor windings. Conventionally, when a lock occurs to prevent this, the compressor is stopped and the compressor is restarted after waiting for a time until the pressure balance between the discharge side and the suction side of the compressor is balanced. However, with this method, it takes time (for example, 5 minutes) until the compressor is restarted to achieve pressure equilibrium between the discharge side and the suction side of the compressor, causing a cooling delay.
In addition, in order to eliminate the cooling delay, a valve that can be freely opened and closed is provided at a position that bypasses the high pressure side and low pressure side of the refrigeration cycle. There was also a method in which the compressor was restarted by releasing the pressure for a short time to achieve pressure equilibrium (for example, see Patent Document 2).
JP 2002-298210 A JP 10-38390 A

しかしながら、ヒートポンプ運転する場合には、冷却のみの運転と比較して加熱熱交換器の凝縮温度が高く、高圧側の圧力が高いために単に電磁弁を短時間開成するだけでは、所望の圧力平衡は得られない。また、電磁弁を付設したバイパス回路を設けることもただでさえ複雑な回路であるため、余分な部品コスト、組立てコストの上昇を招来することになる。
本発明は、上記実情に鑑みなされたもので、短時間で、しかも、低コストでヒートポンプ運転の起動を円滑に行う自動販売機を提供することを目的とする。 However, when operating a heat pump, the heating heat exchanger has a higher condensing temperature and higher pressure on the high pressure side compared to cooling only operation. No equilibrium can be obtained. In addition, the provision of a bypass circuit with a solenoid valve is a complicated circuit, which increases the cost of extra parts and assembly.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a vending machine that smoothly starts heat pump operation in a short time and at a low cost.

上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１に係る自動販売機は、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、庫外に設け冷媒を凝縮する凝縮器と、該凝縮器の出口側に冷媒を膨張させる膨張手段と、膨張手段より膨張した冷媒を分配する分配器と、庫内に設け冷媒を蒸発する複数の蒸発器と、冷却加熱兼用の庫内に設け冷媒を凝縮する加熱熱交換器と、該加熱熱交換器の出口側に冷媒を膨張させる電子膨張弁と、前記凝縮器、蒸発器、加熱熱交換器の入口側に電磁弁と、庫内を冷却もしくは加熱する運転モードにより当該電磁弁の切替にて複数の商品収納庫の冷却もしくは加熱し、冷却加熱運転モードの起動時に、前記圧縮機の起動時の圧力を平衡にする圧力平衡調整指令を有する制御手段をもってなる自動販売機において、前記圧力平衡調整指令が、運転モードに対応した前記蒸発器、加熱熱交換器の入口側の電磁弁を開成し、前記電子膨張弁を全開することを特徴とする。
また、本発明の請求項２に係る自動販売機は、請求項１において、商品収納庫内に庫内温度を検出する庫内温度検出手段を有し、前記圧力平衡調整指令を庫内温度がサーモＯＮ温度の直前温度になったときに行うことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a vending machine according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, a condenser that is provided outside the refrigerator and condenses the refrigerant, and a refrigerant on the outlet side of the condenser. Expansion means for expanding the refrigerant, a distributor for distributing the refrigerant expanded by the expansion means, a plurality of evaporators for evaporating the refrigerant provided in the cabinet, and a heating heat exchanger for condensing the refrigerant provided in the cooling and heating cabinet And an electronic expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant on the outlet side of the heating heat exchanger, an electromagnetic valve on the inlet side of the condenser, evaporator, and heating heat exchanger, and the operation mode for cooling or heating the interior A vending machine having a control means having a pressure balance adjustment command that equilibrates the pressure at the start of the compressor when the cooling and heating operation mode is started by cooling or heating a plurality of product storage boxes by switching solenoid valves. In the pressure balancing adjustment finger But the evaporator corresponding to the operation mode, the inlet-side solenoid valve of the heating heat exchanger is opened, it characterized that you fully open the electronic expansion valve.
A vending machine according to a second aspect of the present invention is the vending machine according to the first aspect, further comprising an internal temperature detecting means for detecting the internal temperature in the product storage, and the internal temperature of the pressure balance adjustment command is determined by the internal temperature. This is performed when the temperature is just before the thermo-ON temperature.

本発明に係る請求項１の自動販売機は、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、庫外に設け冷媒を凝縮する凝縮器と、該凝縮器の出口側に冷媒を膨張させる膨張手段と、膨張手段より膨張した冷媒を分配する分配器と、庫内に設け冷媒を蒸発する複数の蒸発器と、冷却加熱兼用の庫内に設け冷媒を凝縮する加熱熱交換器と、該加熱熱交換器の出口側に冷媒を膨張させる電子膨張弁と、前記凝縮器、蒸発器、加熱熱交換器の入口側に電磁弁と、庫内を冷却もしくは加熱する運転モードにより当該電磁弁の切替にて複数の商品収納庫の冷却もしくは加熱し、冷却加熱運転モードの起動時に、前記圧縮機の起動時の圧力を平衡にする圧力平衡調整指令を有する制御手段をもってなる自動販売機において、前記圧力平衡調整指令が、運転モードに対応した前記蒸発器、加熱熱交換器の入口側の電磁弁を開成し、前記電子膨張弁を全開することにより、冷媒が循環するすべての回路を速やかに開放して圧縮機の出入口の圧力を平衡させるので、短時間で、しかも、低コストでヒートポンプ運転の起動を円滑に行うことができる。
また、本発明の請求項２に係る自動販売機は、請求項１において、商品収納庫内に庫内温度を検出する庫内温度検出手段を有し、前記圧力平衡調整指令を庫内温度がサーモＯＮ温度の直前温度になったときに行うことにより、予め圧縮機の出入口の圧力を平衡が行われるので、さらに短時間でヒートポンプ運転の起動を円滑に行うことができる。 The vending machine according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a condenser that is provided outside the refrigerator to condense the refrigerant, an expansion means that expands the refrigerant on the outlet side of the condenser, and an expansion means. A distributor that distributes the more expanded refrigerant, a plurality of evaporators that are provided in the cabinet and evaporates the refrigerant, a heating heat exchanger that is provided in the cooling / heating warehouse and that condenses the refrigerant, and the heating heat exchanger An electronic expansion valve that expands the refrigerant on the outlet side of the heater, a solenoid valve on the inlet side of the condenser, evaporator, and heating heat exchanger, and a plurality of solenoid valves that are switched by the operation mode for cooling or heating the interior In the vending machine having a control means having a pressure balance adjustment command that equilibrates the pressure at the start of the compressor when the product storage is cooled or heated and the cooling heating operation mode is started. Before the balance adjustment command corresponds to the operation mode By opening the solenoid valve on the inlet side of the evaporator and heating heat exchanger and fully opening the electronic expansion valve, all the circuits through which the refrigerant circulates are quickly opened to balance the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the compressor. The heat pump operation can be smoothly started in a short time and at a low cost.
A vending machine according to a second aspect of the present invention is the vending machine according to the first aspect, further comprising an internal temperature detecting means for detecting the internal temperature in the product storage, and the internal temperature of the pressure balance adjustment command is determined by the internal temperature. When the temperature is just before the thermo-ON temperature, the pressure at the inlet / outlet of the compressor is balanced in advance, so that the heat pump operation can be started smoothly in a shorter time.

以下に添付図面を参照して、本発明に係る自動販売機の好適な実施例を詳細に説明する。なお、この実施例によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。
（実施例１）
まず、本発明の実施例１に係る自動販売機について図１〜７を参照しつつ説明する。図１は本発明の実施例に係る自動販売機を示す斜視図、図２は、図１に示した自動販売機の断面図であり、図３は、本発明の実施例に係る冷媒回路図である。図４は制御装置のブロック図を示し、図５は、図３の冷媒回路図における冷媒の流れを示し、（ａ）は運転モードＣＣＣの冷媒の流れを示す回路図であり、（ｂ）は運転モードＨＣＣの冷媒の流れを示す回路図であり、（ｃ）は運転モードＨＨＣの冷媒の流れを示す回路図である。図６は、図３の冷媒回路図における冷媒の圧力状態を示し、（ａ）は停止時の圧力状態を説明する回路図であり、（ｂ）は起動時の圧力状態を説明する回路図である。図７は、実施例１に係る起動時のフローチャートを示す。
これら図において、自動販売機は、前面が開口した直方状の断熱体として形成された本体キャビネット１０と、その前面に設けられた外扉２０および内扉３０と、本体キャビネット１０の内部を上下2段に底板１１にて区画形成し、上部を例えば２つの断熱仕切板４０ｗによって仕切られた３つの独立した商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃと、下部に商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃを冷却もしくは加熱する冷却／加熱ユニット６０を収納する機械室５０と、外扉２０の内側に配設され、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃ内の庫内温度センサＴａ、Ｔｂ，Ｔｃにより自動販売機の冷却、加熱運転などを制御する制御手段９０と、を有して構成されている。 Exemplary embodiments of a vending machine according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
Example 1
First, a vending machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a perspective view showing a vending machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the vending machine shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is. 4 shows a block diagram of the control device, FIG. 5 shows the refrigerant flow in the refrigerant circuit diagram of FIG. 3, (a) is a circuit diagram showing the refrigerant flow in the operation mode CCC, and (b). FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow in the operation mode HCC, and FIG. 4C is a circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow in the operation mode HHC. 6 shows the pressure state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit diagram of FIG. 3, (a) is a circuit diagram for explaining the pressure state at the time of stop, and (b) is a circuit diagram for explaining the pressure state at the time of start-up. is there. FIG. 7 is a flowchart at startup according to the first embodiment.
In these drawings, the vending machine includes a main body cabinet 10 formed as a rectangular heat insulator having an open front surface, an outer door 20 and an inner door 30 provided on the front surface, and an interior of the main body cabinet 10 in two directions. The bottom plate 11 is partitioned into stages, and the upper part is cooled by, for example, three independent product storage units 40a, 40b, 40c divided by two heat insulating partition plates 40w, and the lower part product storage units 40a, 40b, 40c are cooled. Alternatively, the machine room 50 for storing the cooling / heating unit 60 to be heated and the inside of the outer door 20 are automatically sold by the internal temperature sensors Ta, Tb, Tc in the product storage boxes 40a, 40b, 40c. And control means 90 for controlling the cooling and heating operation of the machine.

より詳細に説明すると、外扉２０は、本体キャビネット１０の前面開口を開閉するためのものであり、図には明示していないが、この外扉２０の前面には、販売する商品の見本を展示する商品展示室、販売する商品を選択するための選択ボタン、貨幣を投入するための貨幣投入口、払い出された商品を取り出すための商品取出口２１等々、商品の販売に必要となる構成が配置してある。
内扉３０は、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃの前面を開閉し、内部の商品を保温するものであり、上下２段に分割され内部に断熱体を有する箱型形状の構造体である。上側の内扉３０ａは、一端を外扉２０に枢軸し、他端を外扉２０に係着して、外扉２０の開放と同時に上側の内扉３０ａを開放させて、商品の補充を容易にするものである。下側の内扉３０ｂは、一端を本体キャビネット１０に枢軸し、他端を本体キャビネット１０に不図示の掛金にて掛着して、外扉２０を開放したときには、閉止した状態であり、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃ内の冷気もしくは暖気が流出することを防ぎ、メンテナンス時など必要に応じて開放できるものである。
商品収納庫４０ａ，４０，４０は、缶入り飲料やペットボトル入り飲料等の商品を所望の温度に維持した状態で収容するためのものであり、その収納庫の容量は商品収納庫４０a、４０ｃ、４０ｂの順番に大きな態様で配分されている。本実施例は、商品収納庫４０aを冷却専用とし、商品収納庫４０ｃ、４０ｂを冷却加熱兼用としている。その商品収納庫４０ａ，４０ｂ，４０ｃには、それぞれ、商品を上下方向に沿って並ぶ態様で収納し、販売信号により1個ずつ商品を排出するための商品搬出機構を備えた商品収納ラックＲ、排出された商品Ｓを内扉３０ｂに取設された搬出扉３１を介して外扉の販売口２１へ搬出する商品搬出シュート４２を有している。 More specifically, the outer door 20 is used to open and close the front opening of the main body cabinet 10 and is not shown in the figure. A product display room for displaying products, a selection button for selecting products to be sold, a money slot for inserting money, a product outlet 21 for taking out paid items, etc. are necessary for selling products. Configuration is in place.
The inner door 30 opens and closes the front surfaces of the product storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c to keep the products in the interior, and is a box-shaped structure that is divided into two upper and lower stages and has a heat insulator inside. The The upper inner door 30a is pivoted at one end to the outer door 20, and the other end is engaged with the outer door 20 so that the upper inner door 30a is opened at the same time as the outer door 20 is opened to facilitate replenishment of goods. It is to make. The lower inner door 30b is closed when one end pivots on the main body cabinet 10 and the other end hooks on the main body cabinet 10 with a latch (not shown) and the outer door 20 is opened. In addition, it is possible to prevent the cool air or warm air in the product storage boxes 40a, 40b, and 40c from flowing out and to be opened as needed during maintenance.
The product storages 40a, 40, 40 are for storing products such as canned beverages and beverages in plastic bottles while maintaining a desired temperature, and the capacity of the storages is the product storage 40a, It is distributed in a large manner in the order of 40c and 40b. In the present embodiment, the product storage 40a is exclusively used for cooling, and the product storages 40c and 40b are also used for cooling and heating. The product storage racks 40a, 40b, and 40c each store products in a manner that they are arranged in the vertical direction, and have a product storage rack R having a product delivery mechanism for discharging the products one by one in response to a sales signal, There is a product carry-out chute 42 for carrying out the discharged product S to the sales port 21 of the outer door via a carry-out door 31 installed in the inner door 30b.

冷却／加熱ユニット６０は、冷凍サイクルを構成する圧縮機６１、凝縮器６２、膨張弁６３、分流器６４と、底板１１を跨いで庫内の蒸発器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃとを冷媒配管で連結した冷却部と，圧縮機６１から加熱熱交換器６６ｂ、６６ｃとを冷媒配管で連結した加熱部から構成され、運転モードに応じて、庫内に冷風または温風を循環させて商品収納ラックＲ内の商品Ｓを冷却または加熱するものである。
凝縮器６２の後部にはファン６２ｆが取設され、ファン６２ｆは機械室５０の前面開口部より空気を吸入し、凝縮器６２による凝縮熱を吸入するとともに、圧縮機６１の排熱を吸収して、機械室５０の背面開口部へ排気するためのものである。
蒸発器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃは、商品収納庫４０ａ，４０ｂ，４０ｃを冷却するためのものであり、各商品収納庫の下部に取設されている。また、加熱熱交換器６６ｂ、６６ｃは、蒸発器６５ｂ、６５ｃの前に取設され、商品収納庫４０ｂ，４０ｃを加熱するためのものである。蒸発器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃ、加熱熱交換器６６ｂ、６６ｃは、各商品収納庫４０ａ，４０ｂ，４０ｃにおいて、風胴６７で囲繞され、その前方にファン６５ｆが取設され、後方にはダクト６７ｄが取設されている。商品収納庫内の冷却／加熱は、蒸発器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃ、加熱熱交換器６６ｂ、６６ｃにより冷却もしくは加熱された空気を商品収納庫内の商品Ｓに送風し、ダクト６７ｄより回収することで行われる。 The cooling / heating unit 60 is composed of a compressor 61, a condenser 62, an expansion valve 63, a flow divider 64, and evaporators 65a, 65b, 65c in the warehouse straddling the bottom plate 11 through a refrigerant pipe. Composed of a connected cooling unit and a heating unit in which the compressor 61 and the heating heat exchangers 66b and 66c are connected by a refrigerant pipe. Depending on the operation mode, cold air or hot air is circulated in the cabinet to store products. The product S in the rack R is cooled or heated.
A fan 62f is installed at the rear of the condenser 62. The fan 62f sucks air from the opening on the front surface of the machine room 50, sucks heat of condensation by the condenser 62, and absorbs exhaust heat of the compressor 61. Thus, the air is exhausted to the rear opening of the machine room 50.
The evaporators 65a, 65b, and 65c are for cooling the product storages 40a, 40b, and 40c, and are installed in the lower part of each product storage. Moreover, the heating heat exchangers 66b and 66c are installed in front of the evaporators 65b and 65c, and are for heating the product storage boxes 40b and 40c. The evaporators 65a, 65b, 65c and the heating heat exchangers 66b, 66c are surrounded by a wind tunnel 67 in each product storage 40a, 40b, 40c, a fan 65f is installed in front of them, and a duct is installed in the rear. 67d is installed. The cooling / heating in the product storage is performed by blowing the air cooled or heated by the evaporators 65a, 65b, 65c and the heating heat exchangers 66b, 66c to the product S in the product storage, and from the duct 67d. It is done by collecting.

冷却／加熱ユニット６０の冷媒回路構成について図３を用いて詳述する。図３に示すように圧縮機６１から出た配管は電磁弁６８を介して凝縮器６２に接続され、凝縮器６２から出た配管は逆止弁７１を介して膨張弁６３（膨張手段、キャピラリでも良い）に接続されている。膨張弁６３から出た配管は分流器６４に接続し、分流器６４より電磁弁７０ａ、７０ｂ、７０ｃを介して蒸発器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃに接続されて、蒸発器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃからの配管は集合してアキュムレータ７８を介して圧縮機６１に接続されている。一方、圧縮機６１から出た配管は電磁弁６８ｂ、６８ｃを介して加熱熱交換器６６ｂ、６６ｃに接続され、加熱熱交換器６６ｂ、６６ｃを出た配管は、逆止弁７１，７１を介して集合し、加熱熱交換器７６に接続されている。また、加熱熱交換器７６から出た配管は、電子膨張弁７９を介して膨張弁６３の下流側に接続されている。
冷媒は、臨界圧力内で使用する冷媒、例えばフロン冷媒でＲ１３４ａを使用している。
制御手段９０は、商品収納庫４０ａ，４０ｂ，４０ｃの運転モードにより冷却もしくは加熱を制御するものであり、図４に示すように内部にＣＰＵ，メモリを有し、運転モード設定ＳＷ９１の設定により冷媒回路の電磁弁開閉の制御を行う。運転モードは、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃの冷却もしくは加熱の運転をＣ、Ｈで示すものであり、商品収納庫の左側から順（４０ｃ、４０ｂ、４０ａ）に、例えば、すべてが冷却の場合にはＣＣＣモード、左の商品収納庫のみが加熱の場合にはＨＣＣモードと記す。制御手段９０は、庫内温度センサＴａ、Ｔｂ，Ｔｃにより各庫内の温度を検知して、サーモサイクル運転を行う。具体的には、庫内温度がサーモＯＦＦ設定温度（例えば、冷却の場合は８℃、加熱の場合は６１℃）になったときにはその庫内の蒸発器、加熱熱交換器に関する電磁弁を閉成し、庫内温度がサーモＯＮ設定温度（例えば、冷却の場合は−２℃、加熱の場合は４１℃）になったときにはその庫内の蒸発器、加熱熱交換器に関する電磁弁を開成して、庫内を適温に制御する。 The refrigerant circuit configuration of the cooling / heating unit 60 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the piping from the compressor 61 is connected to a condenser 62 through an electromagnetic valve 68, and the piping from the condenser 62 is connected to an expansion valve 63 (expansion means, Capillary may be used). The piping from the expansion valve 63 is connected to the flow divider 64, and is connected to the evaporators 65a, 65b, 65c via the electromagnetic valves 70a, 70b, 70c from the flow divider 64, and from the evaporators 65a, 65b, 65c. These pipes are gathered and connected to the compressor 61 via an accumulator 78. On the other hand, the piping from the compressor 61 is connected to the heating heat exchangers 66b and 66c via the electromagnetic valves 68b and 68c, and the piping leaving the heating heat exchangers 66b and 66c is connected to the check valves 71 and 71. And are connected to the heating heat exchanger 76. In addition, the piping from the heating heat exchanger 76 is connected to the downstream side of the expansion valve 63 via the electronic expansion valve 79.
As the refrigerant, R134a is used as a refrigerant used within a critical pressure, for example, a fluorocarbon refrigerant.
The control means 90 controls the cooling or heating according to the operation mode of the product storage 40a, 40b, 40c. As shown in FIG. 4, the control means 90 has a CPU and a memory inside, and the operation mode setting SW 91 is set. The solenoid valve opening / closing of the refrigerant circuit is controlled by setting. In the operation mode, the cooling or heating operation of the product storage 40a, 40b, 40c is indicated by C, H. From the left side of the product storage (40c, 40b, 40a), for example, all are cooled. In the case of CCC mode, when only the left product storage is heated, it is described as HCC mode. The control means 90 detects the temperature in each warehouse by the interior temperature sensors Ta, Tb, Tc, and performs the thermocycle operation. Specifically, when the internal temperature reaches the thermo-off set temperature (for example, 8 ° C for cooling and 61 ° C for heating), the electromagnetic valves related to the evaporator and heating heat exchanger in the storage are turned on. When the chamber temperature reaches the thermo-ON set temperature (for example, -2 ° C for cooling and 41 ° C for heating), the solenoid valve for the evaporator and heating heat exchanger in the chamber is turned on. Open and control the inside of the cabinet at an appropriate temperature.

かかる構成で運転モードをＣＣＣモードに設定すると、制御手段９０は、電磁弁６８、７０ａ、７０ｂ、７０ｃを開成し、電磁弁６８ｂ、６８ｃを閉成し、電子膨張弁７９を全開する。図５（ａ）で示すように圧縮機６１で圧縮された高温冷媒は、凝縮器６２に凝縮され液冷媒となり、膨張弁６３で膨張して低温の気液２相流となり、分流器６４で３方に分流され蒸発器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃで蒸発し、商品収納庫４０ａ，４０ｂ，４０ｃが冷却される。気体となった冷媒は、気液分離させて液冷媒を貯留するアキュムレータ７８を介して圧縮機６１に戻る。この運転は、庫内温度センサＴａ、Ｔｂ，Ｔｃによる庫内温度が適温（サーモＯＦＦ温度）になるまで継続される。庫内温度がサーモＯＦＦ温度になった庫内の電磁弁が順次閉成され、すべての庫内温度がサーモＯＦＦ温度になった時点で圧縮機６１の運転を停止し、最後の商品収納庫に対応する電磁弁が閉成される。
やがて、庫内温度が上昇をしてサーモＯＮ温度となった時に、すべての電磁弁６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃを開成する。開成すると圧縮機６１の出入口側の圧力が徐々に平衡するので、少しの時間(例えば２分間)遅延後に圧縮機６１を起動する。
次に、運転モードをＨＣＣモードに設定すると、制御手段９０は、電磁弁６８ｃ、７０ｂ、７０ａを開成し、電磁弁６８、６８ｂ、７０ｃを閉成する。図５（ｂ）で示すように圧縮機６１で圧縮された高温冷媒は、加熱熱交換器６６ｃに流入して凝縮され、商品収納庫４０ｃを加熱する。加熱熱交換器６６ｃで凝縮され高温冷媒は、さらに庫外熱交換器７６で凝縮され、電子膨張弁７９で膨張される。電子膨張弁７９で膨張された冷媒は、低温の気液２相流となり、分流器６４で分流され蒸発器６５ａ、６５ｂで蒸発し、商品収納庫４０ａ，４０ｂが冷却される。蒸発器６５ａ、６５ｂで気体となった冷媒は、圧縮機６１に戻る。この運転は、庫内温度センサＴａ、Ｔｂ，Ｔｃによる庫内温度が適温（サーモＯＦＦ温度）になるまで継続される。庫内温度がサーモＯＦＦ温度になった庫内の電磁弁が順次閉成され、すべての庫内温度がサーモＯＦＦ温度になった時点で圧縮機６１の運転を停止し、最後の商品収納室の電磁弁が閉成され、電子膨張弁７９を全閉にする。このとき、回路内の圧力は図６（ａ）に示すように太い実線で示す高圧部の回路部と、破線で示す低圧の回路部に分かれ、圧縮機６１の出口は高圧に、入口は低圧に保持される。 When the operation mode is set to the CCC mode in such a configuration, the control means 90 opens the electromagnetic valves 68, 70a, 70b, 70c, closes the electromagnetic valves 68b, 68c, and fully opens the electronic expansion valve 79. As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 61 is condensed in the condenser 62 to become liquid refrigerant, expands in the expansion valve 63, and becomes a low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase flow. Is divided into three directions and evaporated in the evaporators 65a, 65b, and 65c, and the product storage boxes 40a, 40b, and 40c are cooled. The refrigerant that has become gas returns to the compressor 61 via an accumulator 78 that separates gas and liquid and stores the liquid refrigerant. This operation is continued until the internal temperature by the internal temperature sensors Ta, Tb, and Tc reaches an appropriate temperature (thermo OFF temperature). The solenoid valves in the cabinet that have reached the thermo-off temperature are closed in sequence, and when all the chamber temperatures have reached the thermo-off temperature, the compressor 61 stops operating and the last product storage The corresponding solenoid valve is closed.
Eventually, when the internal temperature rises and reaches the thermo-ON temperature, all the solenoid valves 65a, 65b, 65c are opened. When opened, the pressure on the inlet / outlet side of the compressor 61 gradually balances, so the compressor 61 is started after a short delay (for example, 2 minutes).
Next, when the operation mode is set to the HCC mode, the control unit 90 opens the electromagnetic valves 68c, 70b, 70a, and closes the electromagnetic valves 68, 68b, 70c. As shown in FIG. 5B, the high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 61 flows into the heating heat exchanger 66c and is condensed to heat the commodity storage 40c. The high-temperature refrigerant condensed by the heating heat exchanger 66 c is further condensed by the external heat exchanger 76 and expanded by the electronic expansion valve 79. The refrigerant expanded by the electronic expansion valve 79 becomes a low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase flow, is divided by the flow divider 64 and is evaporated by the evaporators 65a and 65b, and the product storage boxes 40a and 40b are cooled. The refrigerant that has become a gas in the evaporators 65 a and 65 b returns to the compressor 61. This operation is continued until the internal temperature by the internal temperature sensors Ta, Tb, Tc reaches an appropriate temperature (thermo OFF temperature). When the internal temperature of the internal chamber reaches the thermo-off temperature, the internal solenoid valves are closed sequentially, and when all the internal chamber temperatures reach the thermo-off temperature, the compressor 61 stops operating and the last product The electromagnetic valve in the storage chamber is closed, and the electronic expansion valve 79 is fully closed. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the pressure in the circuit is divided into a high pressure circuit portion indicated by a thick solid line and a low pressure circuit portion indicated by a broken line, and the outlet of the compressor 61 is at a high pressure and the inlet is at a low pressure. Retained.

ＨＣＣモードにおいて、庫内温度センサＴａ、Ｔｂ，Ｔｃにより検出する庫内温度が低下もしくは上昇してサーモＯＮ温度に達して圧縮機６１を起動させるときは、図７のフローチャートを参照にしつつ説明をする。まず、運転モードに関係する電磁弁６８ｃ，７０ｂ，７０ａを開成し（Ｓ１１）、電子膨張弁７９を全開にする（Ｓ１２）圧力平衡調整指令を行い、冷媒の循環する回路に高圧を開放する。所定時間（例えば２分間）後（Ｓ１３）には、図６（ａ）と比較して図６（ｂ）に示すようにやや太い実線で示される中圧状態で圧縮機６１の吸込みおよび吐出しの圧力が平衡になる。しかるのちに、電子膨張弁７９を所定開度に設定し（Ｓ１４）、圧縮機を起動させる（Ｓ１５）。
次に、運転モードをＨＨＣモードに設定すると、制御手段９０は、電磁弁６８ｂ、６８ｃ、７０ａを開成し、電磁弁６８、７０ｂ、７０ｃを閉成する。図５（ｃ）で示すように圧縮機６１で圧縮された高温冷媒は、加熱熱交換器６６ｂ、６６ｃに流入して凝縮され、商品収納庫４０ｂ、４０ｃを加熱する。加熱熱交換器６６ｂ、６６ｃで凝縮され高温冷媒は、さらに庫外熱交換器７６で凝縮され、冷媒配管７７を経由して電子膨張弁７９で膨張される。電子膨張弁７９で膨張された冷媒は、低温の気液２相流となり、分流器６４を経由して蒸発器６５ａで蒸発し、商品収納庫４０ａが冷却される。蒸発器６５ａで気体となった冷媒は、圧縮機６１に戻り冷凍サイクル運転がされる。そして、前述のようにサーモサイクル運転が行われ、圧縮の起動に関しても図７に示すフローチャートのように行われる。 In the HCC mode, when the internal temperature detected by the internal temperature sensors Ta, Tb, and Tc decreases or rises to reach the thermo ON temperature and starts the compressor 61, an explanation will be given with reference to the flowchart of FIG. To do. First, the solenoid valves 68c, 70b and 70a related to the operation mode are opened (S11), the electronic expansion valve 79 is fully opened (S12), and a pressure balance adjustment command is issued to open a high pressure to the circuit in which the refrigerant circulates. After a predetermined time (for example, 2 minutes) (S13), the suction and suction of the compressor 61 in the medium pressure state shown by a slightly thicker solid line as shown in FIG. 6 (b) compared to FIG. 6 (a). The discharge pressure is balanced. Thereafter, the electronic expansion valve 79 is set to a predetermined opening degree (S14), and the compressor is started (S15).
Next, when the operation mode is set to the HHC mode, the control unit 90 opens the electromagnetic valves 68b, 68c, and 70a and closes the electromagnetic valves 68, 70b, and 70c. As shown in FIG. 5C, the high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressor 61 flows into the heating heat exchangers 66b and 66c and is condensed to heat the product storage boxes 40b and 40c. The high-temperature refrigerant condensed by the heating heat exchangers 66 b and 66 c is further condensed by the external heat exchanger 76 and expanded by the electronic expansion valve 79 via the refrigerant pipe 77. The refrigerant expanded by the electronic expansion valve 79 becomes a low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase flow, evaporates by the evaporator 65a via the flow divider 64, and the commodity storage 40a is cooled. The refrigerant turned into a gas in the evaporator 65a returns to the compressor 61, and the refrigeration cycle operation is performed. Then, the thermocycle operation is performed as described above, and the compression start is also performed as shown in the flowchart of FIG.

このように冷却加熱運転の起動時に運転モードに対応した前記蒸発器、加熱熱交換器の入口側の電磁弁を開成し、電子膨張弁７９を全開にすることにより、圧縮機６１の出入口で圧力が平衡するので、圧縮機の起動時に過負荷状態の時、ロックが起こることなく、ヒートポンプ運転の起動を円滑に行うことができる。
（実施例２）
本発明の実施例２に係る自動販売機について説明する。実施例１と相違する点は、冷却加熱運転時の圧縮機の起動に関する制御方法が、庫内温度を検知して行う点であり、その説明を図８のフローチャートを用いて詳述し、その他は実施例１と実質的に同一であるので、その説明を省略する。
冷却加熱運転時の圧縮機の起動に関する制御は、図８に示すようにまず庫内温度がサーモＯＮ温度の直前であるかを判定する（Ｓ２１）。具体的には、庫内温度が加熱室ならサーモＯＮ設定温度直前のやや高い温度（例えば＋１℃高い４２℃）、冷却室ならサーモＯＮ温度直前のやや低い温度（例えば１℃低い７℃）で判定をする。庫内温度がサーモＯＮ温度の直前でなければ（Ｓ２１／Ｎ）、始めに戻り、庫内温度がサーモＯＮ温度の直前であれば（Ｓ２１／Ｙ）、運転モードに関係する電磁弁６８ｃ，７０ｂ，７０ａを開成し（Ｓ２２）、電子膨張弁７９を全開にする（Ｓ２３）圧力平衡調整指令を行い、冷媒の循環する回路に高圧を開放する。そして、庫内温度がサーモＯＮ設定温度なったときに（Ｓ２４／Ｙ）、電子膨張弁７９を所定開度に設定し（Ｓ２５）、圧縮機を起動させる（Ｓ２６）。 As described above, when the cooling and heating operation is started, the electromagnetic valve on the inlet side of the evaporator and the heat exchanger corresponding to the operation mode is opened, and the electronic expansion valve 79 is fully opened, so that the pressure at the inlet / outlet of the compressor 61 is increased. Therefore, the heat pump operation can be started smoothly without being locked when the compressor is overloaded when the compressor is started.
(Example 2)
A vending machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The difference from Example 1 is that the control method related to the start of the compressor during the cooling and heating operation is performed by detecting the internal temperature, which will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The rest of the configuration is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in FIG. 8, the control relating to the start of the compressor during the cooling and heating operation first determines whether the internal temperature is immediately before the thermo-ON temperature (S21). Specifically, if the internal temperature is a heating chamber, it is a slightly high temperature (for example, 42 ° C higher by + 1 ° C) just before the thermo-ON set temperature. Make a decision. If the internal temperature is not immediately before the thermo-ON temperature (S21 / N), return to the beginning, and if the internal temperature is immediately before the thermo-ON temperature (S21 / Y), the solenoid valve 68c related to the operation mode. , 70b, 70a are opened (S22), and the electronic expansion valve 79 is fully opened (S23), a pressure balance adjustment command is issued, and the high pressure is released to the refrigerant circulating circuit. When the internal temperature reaches the thermo-ON set temperature (S24 / Y), the electronic expansion valve 79 is set to a predetermined opening degree (S25), and the compressor is started (S26).

実施例２のように、商品収納庫内に庫内温度を検出する庫内温度検出手段を有し、前記圧力平衡調整ステップを庫内温度がサーモＯＮ温度の直前温度になったときに行うことにより、予め圧縮機の吸込みおよび吐出しの圧力を平衡が行われるので、さらに短時間でヒートポンプ運転の起動を円滑に行うことができる。 As in the second embodiment, the commodity storage has an internal temperature detecting means for detecting the internal temperature, and the pressure balance adjustment step is performed when the internal temperature is just before the thermo-ON temperature. As a result, the suction and discharge pressures of the compressor are balanced in advance, so that the heat pump operation can be started smoothly in a shorter time.

以上のように、本発明に係る自動販売機は、缶、ビン、パック、ペットボトル等の容器に入れた飲料等の商品を冷媒回路にて冷却または加熱するのに適している。 As described above, the vending machine according to the present invention is suitable for cooling or heating a product such as a beverage in a container such as a can, a bottle, a pack, or a plastic bottle in a refrigerant circuit.

本発明の実施例１に係る自動販売機を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the vending machine which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 図１に示した自動販売機の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the vending machine shown in FIG. 本発明の実施例に係る冷媒回路図である。It is a refrigerant circuit figure concerning the example of the present invention. 制御装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of a control apparatus. 図３の冷媒回路図における冷媒の流れを示し、（ａ）は運転モードＣＣＣの冷媒の流れを示す回路図であり、（ｂ）は運転モードＨＣＣの冷媒の流れを示す回路図であり、（ｃ）は運転モードＨＨＣの冷媒の流れを示す回路図である。FIG. 3 shows a refrigerant flow in the refrigerant circuit diagram of FIG. 3, (a) is a circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow in the operation mode CCC, (b) is a circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow in the operation mode HCC, (C) is a circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow in the operation mode HHC. 図６は、図３の冷媒回路図における冷媒の圧力状態を示し、（ａ）は停止時の圧力状態を説明する回路図であり、（ｂ）は起動時の圧力状態を説明する回路図である。6 shows the pressure state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit diagram of FIG. 3, (a) is a circuit diagram for explaining the pressure state at the time of stop, and (b) is a circuit diagram for explaining the pressure state at the time of start-up. It is. 本発明の実施例１に係る圧縮機の起動に関するフローチャートである。It is a flowchart regarding starting of the compressor which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例２に係る圧縮機の起動に関するフローチャートである。It is a flowchart regarding starting of the compressor which concerns on Example 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

１０本体キャビネット
２０外扉
３０内扉
４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃ商品収納庫
６０冷却／加熱ユニット
６１圧縮機
６２凝縮器
６３膨張弁（膨張手段）
６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃ蒸発器
６８ｂ、６８ｃ電磁弁
７２電子膨張弁
９０制御装置
９１運転モード選択ＳＷ
Ｔａ、Ｔｂ，Ｔｃ庫内温度センサ

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Main body cabinet 20 Outer door 30 Inner door 40a, 40b, 40c Product storage 60 Cooling / heating unit 61 Compressor 62 Condenser 63 Expansion valve (expansion means)
65a, 65b, 65c Evaporator 68b, 68c Solenoid valve 72 Electronic expansion valve 90 Controller 91 Operation mode selection SW
Ta, Tb, Tc Internal temperature sensor

Claims

A compressor for compressing the refrigerant; a condenser for condensing the refrigerant provided outside the warehouse; expansion means for expanding the refrigerant on the outlet side of the condenser; a distributor for distributing the refrigerant expanded by the expansion means; A plurality of evaporators for evaporating the refrigerant, a heating heat exchanger for condensing the refrigerant provided in a cooling and heating cabinet, an electronic expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant on the outlet side of the heating heat exchanger, and the condensation Cooling or heating a plurality of product storage boxes by switching the solenoid valve according to the operation mode for cooling or heating the inside of the chamber, the evaporator, the heating heat exchanger, and the cooling or heating mode. In the vending machine having a control means having a pressure balance adjustment command for balancing the pressure at the start of the compressor at the time of start-up,
The vending machine characterized in that the pressure balance adjustment command opens the electromagnetic valve on the inlet side of the evaporator and heating heat exchanger corresponding to the operation mode, and fully opens the electronic expansion valve.

It has a chamber temperature detection means for detecting the chamber temperature in the product storage,
The vending machine according to claim 1, wherein the pressure balance adjustment command is issued when the inside temperature reaches a temperature immediately before the thermo-ON temperature.