JP2006219597A - Carbonizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out problem solving of safety such as diffusion of dry distillation gas from a hopper and improvement of heat efficiency in a carbonizing apparatus for converting waste material chips such as wood chip, bark, home garbage, papermaking sludge, sludge and vegetable waste and the other materials to carbonized products. <P>SOLUTION: The carbonizing apparatus is constituted so as to install a heating chamber and a carbonizing cylinder in a carbonizing furnace equipped with a charcoal material feed mechanism and a discharge gas discharging passage. In the carbonizing apparatus, the heating chamber is made to communicate through a communication passage with the carbonizing cylinder and a heating part is installed in the heating chamber and an agitating shaft having agitating blade and suspended in the carbonizing furnace is hung down into the carbonizing cylinder and the upper part of a wire passing through the interior of the agitating shaft is installed in winding means of the carbonizing furnace and an opening and closing tool is hung down in the lower part of the wire and an opening and closing port of the carbonizing cylinder is opened or closed by the opening and closing tool. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus for converting wood chips, bark, waste chips such as household waste, papermaking sludge, sludge, and vegetable scraps, and other materials into carbides.

  In the conventional method of burning waste materials such as household waste, papermaking sludge, sludge, vegetable waste, etc., the amount of carbon dioxide generated at the time of combustion has been increasing year by year and has become a problem. As part of this problem improvement, this kind of household waste, paper sludge, sludge, vegetable waste, and other waste materials are dewatered and solidified to convert into waste material chips (chip shape), and these waste chips are carbonized by carbonization. An effective utilization method (carbonization method) is being adopted. This is a so-called carbonization device for waste chips. Thereafter, the carbonization apparatus is being adopted for carbonization treatment of wood waste materials such as house waste materials, thinning materials, or household wood wastes, which are new problems, by making various improvements. In order to effectively carbonize this wooden waste material, it is becoming understood that the method of chipping is effective as in the case of the above-mentioned waste material such as household waste.

  In the conventional carbonization treatment system, the batch furnace is mainly used, the processing efficiency (processing capacity) is poor, the improvement of the processing amount cannot be expected, and this processing efficiency is unstable depending on the kind of garbage to be processed. It becomes a problem. Further, there is a problem that the carbide of dust becomes sponge-like and the heat efficiency is poor due to its heat insulating action, and the generation of dioxins is observed. On the other hand, in the carbonization furnace, when the temperature in the furnace becomes high, carburizing corrosion of the metal furnace material due to the presence of carbon may be a problem. As an improvement plan for this carbonization method, a rotary furnace called a continuous furnace method has been developed. However, while this continuous furnace method is suitable for improving the above-mentioned problems, for example, it leads to an increase in the size of the furnace, and the equipment surface is enormous, and the continuous operation method, and There may be a case where scattering of dust containing dioxin becomes a problem due to the fact that the treatment capacity and treatment result of dry distillation gas are not sufficient.

  And this kind of continuous furnace is useful because it achieves the processing efficiency demanded by society and a predetermined amount of treatment is desired, and the conventional literature (prior art) relating to the continuous furnace can be mentioned. This document is “garbage disposal method and apparatus” of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-300049 (referred to as document (1)). The content of this document (1) is to introduce the carbide generated in the vertical heating tower by putting the garbage from the upper part, heating the garbage filled in the heating tower from the outside, and sequentially drying and carbonizing. It is the structure which discharges continuously from the discharge port at the bottom of the heating tower, stirring the sponge-like dust carbide during the drying and / or carbonization treatment in the heating tower, drying and / or carbonization treatment in the heating tower It is characterized by collecting the dry distillation gas generated from the waste inside and using it as a supplementary fuel for heating, and is capable of treating various types of waste stably and efficiently, and is efficient and inexpensive. It is to provide a processing method and apparatus.

  Further, regarding the discharge port for discharging carbide and material (casting sand), which is also a problem in the prior art and / or document (1), it is essential to eliminate the clogging (bridge) problem of carbide and the like. However, it is not enough to satisfy this condition. And the following literature is mentioned as a solution for ensuring this essential condition. This document is "Sand throwing bucket and filling method of filled sand" disclosed in JP-A-2002-361404 (Reference (2)). The content is the problem of the conventional method of discharging the filled sand, that is, controlling the filling height when filling the nozzle hole with the filled sand with the cylindrical shaped metal fitting placed at the hole edge of the tuyere brick hole. In addition, by controlling the filling height according to each operating condition, it is possible to change the sintered thickness of the filled sand, and to prevent non-open holes due to bridging of the sintered layer, Document (2) is a sand charging bucket in which a shape-retaining cylinder is placed on the peripheral edge of the nozzle hole of the molten metal container, and the nozzle hole is filled with filled sand, and the tank can be moved vertically to a holding stand. The tank is provided with an inlet, an outlet, and a retaining cylinder grip, and the holding stand is provided with a stopper for opening and closing the tank outlet and an opening / closing member for opening and closing the retaining cylinder grip. By the relative movement of , Characterized by being able to open and close the discharge port and the shape retaining cylinder grip, respectively, and a sand charging bucket having a structure capable of automatically charging the filled sand when the molten metal container is filled with the sand It is in providing the filling method of the filled sand.

JP2003-300049

JP 2002-361404 A

  The invention of the above-mentioned document (1) is a continuous type, but the boundary between the garbage throwing device (hopper) and the heating furnace and / or interruption is not sufficient, and there is a risk of fire in the hopper due to the backflow of dry distillation gas, The danger of diffusion of dry distillation gas can be pointed out, and there are problems in terms of improving safety and combustion efficiency.

  Next, the invention of the document (2) is configured to open and close a funnel-shaped discharge port formed below the tank through a substantially inverted trapezoidal stopper, and is problematic in filling and / or discharging sand. It is not considered to be a structure. However, with this structure, it is considered extremely difficult to generate carbides, reliably discharge the carbides, and reliably avoid the bridges generated in the carbonization cylinder.

  The invention of claim 1 is an intermittent type of wood chips, bark, waste material chips such as household garbage, papermaking sludge, sludge, vegetable scrap, and other materials (mainly chipped waste materials, ie, waste material chips), etc. The main purpose is to provide a carbonization device that continuously converts to carbide. To achieve this purpose, waste chips are supplied intermittently, and backflow of dry distillation gas is prevented at the time of supply. While preventing ignition, this dry distillation gas is returned to the heating chamber to ensure thermal efficiency, and the carbonization is promoted through reliable agitation of waste chips supplied to the carbonization cylinder and heat exchange with radiant heat. It is intended to produce high-quality carbide and to discharge the carbide produced in the carbonization cylinder out of the furnace through the opening.

  According to the invention of claim 1, the waste chip supplied to the carbonization cylinder is retained in the carbonization cylinder to promote carbonization, to produce high-quality carbide, and through the stirring of the waste chip in the carbonization cylinder. It is intended to promote heat exchange.

  Furthermore, the invention of claim 1 is to recirculate substantially 100% of the dry distillation gas generated in the carbonization cylinder to the heating chamber and burn it completely in the heating chamber, to effectively use the heat source, increase the efficiency of fuel consumption, and the like. Intended.

The first aspect of the present invention is a carbonization furnace provided with a carbonaceous material supply mechanism on one upper side and an exhaust gas discharge path in a lower tangential direction, and a heating chamber and upper and lower parts surrounded by the heating chamber. And a carbonized cylinder that is opened,
The heating chamber communicates with the carbonizing cylinder through a communication passage, and a heating unit such as a burner is provided in the heating chamber, and a rotatable stirring shaft suspended from the upper part of the carbonizing furnace is suspended from the carbonizing cylinder. The stirring shaft is intermittently provided on the stirring shaft, and the upper part of the wire penetrating the stirring shaft is provided in the outfitting means of the carbonization furnace, and the lower part thereof is led to the lower part of the carbonization cylinder. The carbonization apparatus has a configuration in which an opening / closing tool is suspended at a lower portion, an opening provided at a lower portion of the carbonization cylinder is opened / closed via the opening / closing tool, and a discharge mechanism is provided below the opening.

  The invention of claim 2 is intended to achieve the object of claim 1 and to provide an exhaust gas exhaust passage and a structure of a secondary combustion chamber that are optimal for achieving the object.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, a secondary combustion chamber is formed in the exhaust gas discharge passage according to the first aspect, and a carbonization unit is configured such that a blower unit and / or a combustion air supply pipe / suction air supply pipe are provided in the secondary combustion chamber. Device.

  The invention of claim 3 achieves the object of claim 1, provides an optimum stirring shaft for achieving the object, and provides an easy-to-replace stirring shaft that facilitates cleaning of the stirring shaft. It is intended to do.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the stirring shaft of the first aspect is extended through a heat-resistant means provided in the carbonization furnace, and a connecting flange is provided at the extended upper end, and the connection flange opens and closes to the carbonization furnace. A carbonizing apparatus that can be connected to a connecting shaft that is supported by a tower frame that is freely provided, and that is connected to a driving portion via a chain on a gear provided to the connecting shaft, and the driving portion is provided on the tower frame. It is.

  The invention of claim 4 achieves the object of claim 1, provides a carbonaceous material supply mechanism that is optimal for achieving this object, and prevents the backflow of dry distillation gas through the provision of this carbonaceous material supply mechanism. , Troubles due to this back flow, for example, preventing ignition of waste chips, and ensuring thermal efficiency in this heating chamber, promoting carbonization through heat exchange, producing high-quality carbides, etc. Intended.

  In a fourth aspect of the present invention, the carbonaceous material supply mechanism (waste material chip supply mechanism) according to the first aspect includes a hopper, an intermediate chamber similar to the converging port provided at the converging port of the hopper, and driving of the intermediate chamber. A first cylinder for controlling the opening, a shutter for opening and closing the intermediate chamber provided at the moving end of the intermediate chamber, a supply path provided with a communication port communicating with the shutter provided at a lower portion of the shutter, This is a carbonization apparatus comprising a piston-type sliding chamber that moves in a supply path and a third cylinder that moves the sliding chamber.

  The invention of claim 5 is intended to achieve the object of claim 1 and to provide an intermediate chamber and / or a sliding chamber which are optimal for achieving this object.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbonizing apparatus in which the volume of the sliding chamber is increased with respect to the volume of the intermediate chamber according to the fourth aspect.

In the first aspect of the present invention, a heating chamber and a heating chamber are provided so as to be surrounded by the heating chamber and the heating chamber. A structure in which a carbonized cylinder with an open portion is provided,
The heating chamber and the carbonizing cylinder are communicated via a communication passage, and a heating unit such as a burner is provided in the heating chamber, and a rotatable stirring shaft suspended from the upper part of the carbonization furnace is suspended from the carbonizing cylinder, and the stirring shaft In addition, the stirring blades are intermittently provided, and the upper part of the wire penetrating the stirring shaft is provided in the equipment of the carbonization furnace, and the lower part is brought to the lower part of the carbonization cylinder, and the opening / closing tool is suspended below the wire. And a carbonizing device that opens and closes an opening provided at a lower portion of the carbonizing cylinder via an opening / closing tool and provides a discharge mechanism at a lower portion of the opening.

  Accordingly, claim 1 provides a carbonization device that continuously converts wood chips, bark, waste chips such as household garbage, papermaking sludge, sludge, vegetable scraps, and other materials into carbide continuously. The main purpose. In order to achieve this purpose, waste chips are supplied intermittently, and during this supply, the dry distillation gas is prevented from flowing back, and the waste chips are ignited and returned to the heating chamber. It is possible to ensure thermal efficiency, to ensure the agitation of waste chips supplied to the carbonization cylinder, to promote carbonization through heat exchange with radiant heat, to produce high-quality carbide, and to be produced in the carbonization cylinder There is a feature that the carbide can be discharged out of the furnace through the opening.

  Further, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the waste material chips supplied to the carbonization cylinder can be retained in the carbonization cylinder to promote carbonization and high quality carbide can be generated, and heat exchange can be performed through agitation of the waste material chips in the carbonization cylinder. There is a feature such as being able to promote.

  Further, according to claim 1, the dry distillation gas generated in the carbonization cylinder is recirculated to the heating chamber approximately 100% and completely combusted in the heating chamber, so that the heat source can be effectively used and the fuel consumption can be improved. There are features.

  A second aspect of the present invention is a carbonization device in which a secondary combustion chamber is formed in the exhaust gas discharge passage of claim 1, and a blower unit and / or a combustion air supply pipe, a suction air supply pipe and the like are provided in the secondary combustion chamber. .

  Therefore, the second aspect is characterized in that the object of the first aspect can be achieved, and the structure of the exhaust gas discharge passage and the secondary combustion chamber that are optimal for achieving the object can be provided.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the stirring shaft of the first aspect is extended through a heat-resistant means provided in the carbonization furnace, and a connecting flange is provided at the extended upper end. It can be connected to a connecting shaft that is supported by a tower frame that can be freely opened and closed, and is connected to a driving portion via a chain on a gear provided on the connecting shaft, and this driving portion is provided on the tower frame. It is a carbonization device.

  Accordingly, the third aspect of the present invention can achieve the object of the first aspect, provides an optimum stirring shaft for achieving the object, and can facilitate the cleaning of the stirring shaft and provide a stirring shaft that can be easily replaced. There are features such as.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carbonaceous material supply mechanism according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising a hopper, an intermediate chamber similar to a converging port provided at the converging port of the hopper, and a first cylinder that controls the driving of the intermediate chamber. In addition, a shutter for opening and closing the intermediate chamber provided at the moving end of the intermediate chamber, a supply path provided with a communication port communicating with the shutter provided at the lower part of the shutter, and a piston-type sliding chamber that moves in the supply path And a carbonization device comprising a third cylinder that moves the sliding chamber.

  Accordingly, claim 4 can achieve the object of claim 1, provides a carbon material supply mechanism that is optimal for achieving this object, and prevents the backflow of dry distillation gas through the provision of this carbon material supply mechanism. Troubles based on this reverse flow, for example, prevention of ignition of waste chips, and ensuring thermal efficiency in this heating chamber, promotion of carbonization through heat exchange, and generation of high quality carbides, etc. There is.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is a carbonization apparatus that increases the volume of the sliding chamber with respect to the volume of the intermediate chamber according to the fourth aspect.

  Therefore, claim 5 is characterized in that the object of claim 1 can be achieved, and that an intermediate chamber and / or a sliding chamber optimal for achieving the object can be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments (forms) of the present invention will be described.

  First, the drawings will be explained. FIG. 1 is an overall front view including necessary equipment such as a frame, a roof, a fence (not shown) attached to the carbonization apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 3 is a plan view of the main part of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the main part of the heating chamber, carbonization cylinder, stirring shaft and the like shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is an overall side view of FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main parts of the carbonization cylinder and the stirring shaft shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main part of the carbonization cylinder and the stirring shaft shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a back view of FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a plan view of FIG. 8, FIG. 11 is a left side view of FIG. 8, and FIG. 12 is a right side view of FIG. FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a partial cutout showing a tower frame provided above the carbonization furnace, a connecting shaft, a drive unit, and a wire, and FIG. 14 shows a tower frame, a connecting shaft, a drive unit, and the like shown in FIG. Wai FIG. 15 is an enlarged left side view showing the tower frame and connecting shaft, drive unit, wires, etc. shown in FIG. 13, and FIG. 16 is a tower frame, connecting shaft and drive shown in FIG. It is the expansion right view which showed a part, a wire, etc.

  The present invention includes a carbonization furnace C having a heat-resistant and / or refractory structure provided in a frame A, a carbon material supply mechanism B (waste material chip supply mechanism) provided on one side above the carbonization furnace C, and the carbonization furnace. Exhaust gas discharge passage D (dry distillation gas discharge passage) provided in the tangential direction below C, and a heat-resistant and / or refractory exhaust gas secondary combustion chamber E (dry distillation gas second passage) connected to the exhaust gas discharge passage D The main combustion chamber) and the tower frame F provided above the carbonization furnace C are main components. Hereinafter, it demonstrates individually.

  The carbonization furnace C is composed of a lower main body C1 and a converged upper cylinder C2. The lower main body C1 is provided with a heating chamber 1 and a carbonization cylinder 2 surrounded by the heating chamber 1, and The lower body C1 is provided with a burner 3, an opening 4 for the carbonizing cylinder 2, and an exhaust gas discharge passage 4. The opening 200 of the carbonization cylinder 2 and the heating chamber 1 are communicated with each other via the opening 4 and / or the communication path 201, and substantially all of the dry distillation gas from the carbonization cylinder 2 is sent to the heating chamber 1. Then, it is recombusted through the burner 3 and converted into hot air, and the waste chip W1 put into the carbonizing cylinder 2 is carbonized by heat exchange with the hot air. By reburning the dry distillation gas, fuel is saved, carbon dioxide is avoided and / or the amount is reduced. Further, a cylindrical stirring shaft 5 is suspended (hanging down) on the carbonization cylinder 2, and the stirring blade 500 is provided on the stirring shaft 5 intermittently. The stirring blade 500 can stir and flow down the waste material chip W1 and / or the carbide W, and can promote heat exchange through the movement of the waste material chip W1 and / or the carbide W to the wall surface of the carbonization cylinder 2. Is beneficial. Further, by providing the stirring blades 500 intermittently, it is possible to secure the residence time of the waste material chips W1 and / or the carbides W existing in the carbonizing cylinder 2, and to increase the efficiency of carbonization. The agitation shaft 5 extends above the carbonization cylinder 2, the upper part thereof reaches the outside of the cylinder, and a connecting flange 501 is provided at the upper end thereof. A hopper-shaped discharge port 6 is detachably provided between the opening 202 of the carbonization cylinder 2 and the closing portion C3 of the carbonization furnace C. A conical damper 7 (opening / closing tool) is provided at the discharge port 6 (opening provided in the lower portion of the carbonizing cylinder 2), and is closed when the damper 7 is lowered and opened when the damper 7 is raised. . The lowering / raising of the damper 7 is operated by a wire 8 (which can be adopted by a suspension means such as a chain). Therefore, one end of the wire 8 is fixed to the damper 7. Further, since the wire 8 passes through the stirring shaft 5 and the other end is mounted on the mounting means 9 (winding device) provided on the tower frame F, the wire 8 is loosened by the operation of the mounting means 9. (Rewinding) or tension (winding). This is a structure in which the damper 7 is lowered and raised by the relaxation or tension of the wire 8. The carbonization furnace C has a configuration in which the upper cylinder part C2 is formed from the lower body part C1 through the converging part, so that it is possible to easily exhaust the dry distillation gas from the carbonization cylinder 2 to the upper cylinder part C2, There is an advantage that the dry distillation gas can flow down into the heating chamber 1. In the figure, reference numeral 600 denotes a pedestal for receiving the outlet 6.

  The opening C3 of the carbonization furnace C is provided with a carbide cooling chamber G (a water-cooling type may be simple, but an air-cooling type or the like is also possible) and a transfer conveyor H. In the figure, G1 indicates an open / close lid of the carbide cooling chamber G. The carbide W that is connected in the carbide cooling chamber G is sent to a predetermined yard and / or container by the conveyor H for conveyance.

  Since the exhaust gas secondary combustion chamber E communicates with the exhaust gas discharge passage D (dry distillation gas discharge passage) provided in the tangential direction of the carbonization furnace C, the dry distillation gas reaching the heating chamber 1 as described above. The exhaust gas is heated by a plurality of burners 3 and exchanged with the hot air, and exhaust gas that has finished working is subjected to secondary combustion of exhaust gas from an exhaust gas discharge path D (exhaust gas discharge path D provided in the tangential direction of the carbonization furnace C). It is led to the chamber E and subjected to secondary combustion under the atmosphere in the introduced air. The final exhaust gas that has become substantially odorless and / or substantially colorless and harmless after the secondary combustion is diffused into the air through the chimney 10. Therefore, effective utilization of dry distillation gas and avoidance of pollution can be achieved. In addition, the exhaust gas that has finished working can be reliably and smoothly blown into the exhaust gas discharge passage D provided in the tangential direction.

  The carbonaceous material supply mechanism B moves (slidably moves) in a substantially tight state in the supply path 11 provided in a biased manner in the frame A1 communicating with the introduction pipe C20 protruding from the upper cylindrical portion C2. The sliding chamber 12, the third cylinder 13 that moves the sliding chamber 12, the intermediate chamber 14 that is movably provided on the frame A1, and the open bottom 140 of the intermediate chamber 14 are concealed at a certain location. A bottom plate 15 provided on the frame A1, a shutter 16 for opening and closing the opening 140 of the intermediate chamber 14, a second cylinder 17 for moving the shutter 16, and a first cylinder 18 for moving the intermediate chamber 14. Further, the intermediate chamber 14 includes a hopper 19 for supplying the waste chip W1. Accordingly, the waste chip W1 supplied to the hopper 19 is introduced into the intermediate chamber 14 that also serves as a part of the hopper 19. The open bottom portion 140 of the intermediate chamber 14 communicates with the hopper 19 and is closed by the bottom plate 15 in a positional relationship (a center position of the frame A1 “position indicated by a broken line in FIG. 10”) that becomes a part of the hopper 14. ing. Therefore, the waste material chip W <b> 1 in the hopper 14 is accommodated (filled) in the intermediate chamber 14. The first cylinder 18 is moved in the state where the waste chip W1 is filled, and the intermediate chamber 14 is positioned at the opening 150 provided in the bottom plate 15 when the intermediate chamber 14 reaches the moving end. The open bottom 140 is opened, and the waste chip W1 is dropped into the sliding chamber 12 (the left end position of the frame A1 “position indicated by the broken line in FIG. 12”). Then, the volume of the sliding chamber 12 is made larger than the volume of the intermediate chamber 14, and the waste chip W1 is dropped into the sliding chamber 12 in a mountain shape. The carbonaceous material supply mechanism B accommodates the sliding chamber 12 in a substantially tight contact state with the supply path 11 and prevents the shutter 16 and / or intermediate in order to prevent backflow of the dry distillation gas existing in the upper cylindrical portion C2. This is a structure to prevent through the chamber 14. In addition, this backflow prevention has the characteristics that an efficient utilization of dry distillation gas can be aimed at, the temperature fall of dry distillation gas, etc. can be avoided. Further, when the sliding chamber 12 reaches the upper cylinder portion C2 and the waste chip W1 to be accommodated falls into the carbonization cylinder 2, the intermediate chamber 14 is directly below the hopper 19 (center position of the frame A1), and this supply path 11 and / or the opening 150 and completely separated from the carbonization cylinder 2. Therefore, there is no ignition to the waste material chip W1 in the hopper 19 and it is safe. In addition, there is a feature that can avoid danger such as explosion. The carbonaceous material supply mechanism B is an example, and although a simple structure is not shown, a screw conveyor method, a drop method, a bucket supply method, or the like can be employed.

  The tower frame F is provided above the carbonization furnace C so as to be detachable or movable. The tower frame F can be temporarily separated from the carbonization furnace C when the stirring shaft 5 is attached or removed. The tower frame F is partitioned into a first space 21 to a third space 21n through several stages of partition plates F1 to Fn. A rotatable connecting shaft 22 is suspended from the first space 21 to the third space 21n. The suspending of the connecting shaft 22 is ensured through the bearings 23 to 23n provided on the partition plates F1 and F2. The sprocket 24 provided on the connecting shaft 22 is rotated via a suspended chain 25 and / or a motor 26. The connecting flange 220 provided at the lower end of the connecting shaft 22 is combined with the connecting flange 501 provided on the agitation shaft 5 and fixed by a fastening tool (not shown). Thereby, the stirring shaft 5 rotates simultaneously with the connecting shaft 22. The connecting shaft 22 is provided with a wire 8 that suspends the damper 7. The wire 8 is mounted on the mounting means 9 via a pulley 27 provided on the tower frame F. With this configuration, the operation (drive) of the rigging means 9 relaxes or tensions the wire 8 to lower and raise the damper 7 and open / close the discharge port 6. When the agitation shaft 5 and / or the agitation splash 500 is repaired or replaced, when the agitation shaft 5 is removed, the coupling of the connecting flange 501 and the connected flange 220 is opened, and the tower The frame F is removed from the carbonization furnace C and separated. Since the upper cylindrical portion C2 of the carbonization furnace C is opened by the separation of the tower frame F, after the stirring shaft 5 is pulled out from the carbonization furnace C, repair and / or replacement can be achieved. In the figure, 28 indicates an asbestos case which is an example of a heat insulating means, and 29 similarly indicates a heat insulating fiber which is an example.

  In the figure, I represents a roof, J represents a blower unit, and K represents an air supply pipe.

  Next, the operation of the carbonization apparatus of the present invention will be outlined. After the waste chip W1 supplied to the hopper 19 is introduced into the intermediate chamber 14 (chamber similar to the converging port) via the converging port of the hopper 19. The intermediate chamber 14 filled with the waste chip W1 is dropped into the sliding chamber 12 through the opening 150 provided in the bottom plate 15 when reaching the moving end by the first cylinder 18. It has become. The dropped waste material chip W1 is moved forward in the supply path 11 by the sliding chamber 12 being pressed by the third cylinder 13 and reaches the forward end thereof. It reaches C2. Waste material chips W1 are put into the carbonization cylinder 2 from the front surface and / or the bottom of the tip of the sliding chamber 12. The waste material chips W <b> 1 thrown into the carbonization cylinder 2 are sequentially fed downward while being unwound by the stirring blades 500 (not in a dumpling shape). While being carbonized in this process, the waste chip W1 is led to the peripheral wall portion of the carbonization cylinder 2, and efficiently and at a high temperature (approximately 700 ° C. to 850 ° C.) through heat exchange with the dry distillation gas (hot air). ° C) is carbonized in the atmosphere. Therefore, the carbide W has high quality, strong thermal power, physical properties excellent in deodorizing and adsorbing properties, and has substantially the same physical properties as the original charcoal. And in this invention, the carbide | carbonized_material W provided with the physical property which was impossible with the conventional carbonization apparatus can be manufactured.

  The carbonized gas generated in the carbonization cylinder 2 is almost entirely sent to the heating chamber 1 through the communication path 201, recombusted through the burner 3 and converted into hot air, and as described above, The waste chip W1 charged into the carbonization cylinder 2 by heat exchange is carbonized. The carbide W generated in the carbonization cylinder 2 reaches the lower side of the carbonization cylinder 2 and reaches the discharge port 6. Then, the carbide W falls by opening the damper 7 that closes the discharge port 6 and is sent to the carbide cooling chamber G. Then, it conveys, accommodates, etc. in a predetermined location with the conveyor H for conveyance. The hot air generated in the heating chamber 1 is used for heat exchange (the dry distillation gas that has finished its work), and is then led from the exhaust gas discharge passage D to the exhaust gas secondary combustion chamber E to be subjected to secondary combustion. Is done. The secondary combustion exhaust gas is diffused into the air through the chimney 10. Although the supply of the waste chip W1 and the discharge of the carbide W described above are performed intermittently, the carbonization apparatus is operated continuously.

Fig. 1 is an overall front view showing necessary equipment such as frames and roofs attached to the carbonization equipment. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 3 is a plan view of the main part of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the main parts of the heating chamber, carbonization cylinder, stirring shaft, etc. shown in FIG. 5 is an overall side view of FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main parts such as the carbonization cylinder and the stirring shaft shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main parts of the carbonization cylinder and the stirring shaft shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is an enlarged front view showing the entire carbonaceous material supply mechanism. 9 is a rear view of FIG. 10 is a plan view of FIG. 11 is a left side view of FIG. 12 is a right side view of FIG. FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a partially cutout showing a tower frame, a connecting shaft, a drive unit, wires, and the like provided above the carbonization furnace FIG. 14 is an enlarged plan view showing the tower frame, the connecting shaft, the drive unit, the wires, etc. shown in FIG. FIG. 15 is an enlarged left side view showing the tower frame, the connecting shaft, the drive unit, the wires, etc. shown in FIG. 16 is an enlarged right side view showing the tower frame, the connecting shaft, the drive unit, the wires, etc. shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

A Frame A1 Frame B Carbonaceous material supply mechanism C Carbonization furnace C1 Lower body C2 Upper cylinder C3 Opening C20 Inlet pipe D Exhaust gas discharge path E Exhaust gas secondary combustion chamber F Tower frame F1 to Fn Partition plate G Carbide cooling chamber G1 Opening / closing lid H Conveyor I Roof J Air supply unit K Air supply pipe W Carbide W1 Waste material chip 1 Heating chamber 2 Carbonization cylinder 200 Opening 201 Communication path 202 Opening part 3 Burner 4 Opening part 5 Stirring shaft 500 Stirring blade 501 Connecting flange 6 Discharge port 600 Pedestal 7 Damper 8 Wire 9 Fitting means 10 Chimney 11 Supply path 12 Sliding chamber 13 Third cylinder 14 Intermediate chamber 140 Open bottom 15 Bottom plate 150 Opening 16 Shutter 17 Second cylinder 18 First cylinder 19 Hoppers 21 to 21n First space to third space 22 Connecting shaft 2 20 Connected flanges 23 to 23n Bearing 24 Sprocket 25 Chain 26 Motor 27 Pulley 28 Asbestos case 29 Insulating fiber

Claims (5)

Inside a carbonization furnace equipped with a carbonaceous material supply mechanism on one upper side and an exhaust gas discharge path in the lower tangential direction, a heating chamber and a carbonization cylinder with upper and lower parts opened so as to be surrounded by the heating chamber It is the structure formed by providing
The heating chamber communicates with the carbonizing cylinder through a communication passage, and a heating unit such as a burner is provided in the heating chamber, and a rotatable stirring shaft suspended from the upper part of the carbonizing furnace is suspended from the carbonizing cylinder. The stirring shaft is intermittently provided on the stirring shaft, and the upper part of the wire penetrating the stirring shaft is provided in the outfitting means of the carbonization furnace, and the lower part thereof is led to the lower part of the carbonization cylinder. A carbonization apparatus having a configuration in which an opening / closing tool is suspended at a lower portion, an opening provided at a lower portion of the carbonization cylinder is opened / closed via the opening / closing tool, and a discharge mechanism is provided below the opening.   A carbonization apparatus having a structure in which a secondary combustion chamber is formed in the exhaust gas discharge passage according to claim 1 and a blower unit and / or a combustion air supply pipe / suction air supply pipe are attached to the secondary combustion chamber.   The stirring shaft according to claim 1 is extended through a heat-resistant means provided in the carbonization furnace, and a connecting flange is provided at the extended upper end, and the connection flange is provided in the carbonization furnace so as to be openable and closable. A carbonization apparatus configured to be connectable to a connecting shaft supported by a tower frame, and to be connected to a driving unit via a chain on a gear provided on the connecting shaft, and to provide the driving unit on the tower frame.   The carbonaceous material supply mechanism according to claim 1 includes a hopper, an intermediate chamber similar to the converging port provided at the converging port of the hopper, a first cylinder that controls the driving of the intermediate chamber, and the intermediate A shutter for opening and closing the intermediate chamber provided at the moving end of the chamber, a supply path provided with a communication port communicating with the shutter provided at the lower part of the shutter, and a piston-type sliding moving in the supply path A carbonization device comprising a chamber and a third cylinder that moves the sliding chamber.   A carbonization apparatus configured to increase the volume of the sliding chamber with respect to the volume of the intermediate chamber according to claim 4.

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