JP2006200654A - Four way solenoid valve - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce magnetic resistance by shortening travel distance of a plunger and reduce electric power for driving a four way solenoid valve and holding its condition. <P>SOLUTION: This four way solenoid valve is provided with a valve main body 1 provided with one end connection 1a on a side face on one side, three end connections 1b, 1c, 1d on a side face on the other side, and a circulation chamber R formed in the whole region of a group of end connections among one end connection 1a and three end connections 1b, 1c, 1d in the inside, the plunger 20 moving in the axial direction inside the valve main body 1, and a sliding valve element 3 connected with the plunger 20, brought into pressure-contact with three end connections 1b, 1c, 1d, and arranged to slide. The sliding valve element 3 communicates two end connections among three end connections 1b, 1c, 1d through a recessed part 3a for communication and communicates the other end connections through the circulation chamber R. Three end connections 1b, 1c, 1d are arranged in a triangular shape for its valve seat face. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to the structure of a four-way solenoid valve, and more particularly to a technique for reducing magnetic resistance and reducing the driving of an electromagnetic coil and the electric power for maintaining the state.

  Conventionally, three connection ports are provided on one side of the valve body in parallel in the axial direction, and one connection port is provided at a position facing the substantially middle portion of the other three connection ports. A small-diameter plunger is provided between the one connection port and the three connection ports so as to form an annular flow chamber over the entire connection port group, and a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the plunger A sliding valve body is provided in the through hole of the valve and a coil spring is provided between the sliding valve body and the one connection port of the valve main body so as to be in pressure contact with the three connection port portions. The valve body communicates two adjacent connection ports among the three connection ports through the communication recess, and communicates between the other connection ports through the circulation chamber. There was a solenoid valve (for example, refer to patent documents 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 55-16534 (Scope of claims for utility model registration, drawings)

  In the conventional four-way solenoid valve, the plunger connected to the sliding valve body is sucked using electromagnetic force generated by energizing the electromagnetic coil, and the sliding valve body is also moved by moving the plunger. Thus, the flow paths of three connection ports and one connection port are switched. When returning to the original state, the structure is such that the position of the sliding valve body is returned together with the plunger by stopping the energization of the electromagnetic coil and opening the spring that has been stored in advance when the plunger is sucked. Met.

  In such a four-way solenoid valve, in order to maintain the state in which the sliding valve body is switched, the electromagnetic coil must be energized, and there is a problem that power is continuously consumed.

  In addition, by shortening the distance between the passage holes opened in the sliding direction of the valve body perpendicular to the valve seat surface of the sliding valve body, the suction distance with the electromagnetic coil can be shortened and the state can be maintained with less power. However, there is a problem that the hole interval cannot be reduced because there is a limit to the reduction in the diameter of the pipe connected to the flow path hole on the side opposite to the valve body sliding surface.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described conventional problems, and shortens the plunger moving distance, increases the opposing cross-sectional area of the plunger gap part, or reduces the area of the outer iron core and the plunger opposing part. The object is to reduce the magnetic resistance by increasing, and to reduce the power for driving the four-way solenoid valve and maintaining its state.

  The four-way solenoid valve according to the present invention has one connection port on one side surface and three connection ports on the other side surface, and the connection port group between one connection port and three connection ports. A valve body in which a circulation chamber covering the entire area of the valve body is formed, a plunger that moves in the axial direction in the valve body, and a slide that is connected to the plunger and is pressed against and slides on the three connection ports. A valve body, and the sliding valve body communicates two connection ports among the three connection ports via the communication recess and communicates between the other connection ports via the circulation chamber. The three connection ports are arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface.

  The four-way solenoid valve according to the present invention is provided with one connection port on one side and three connection ports on the other side, and the connection is made between one connection port and three connection ports. A valve body in which a circulation chamber over the entire area of the mouth group is formed, a plunger that moves in the axial direction within the valve body, and a plunger that is connected to the plunger and arranged in pressure contact with and slides A sliding valve body, an inner iron core facing the opposite side of the valve body of the plunger, an electromagnetic coil surrounding the inner iron core, and an outer iron core disposed on the outer periphery of the electromagnetic coil. A cross-sectional area in the vicinity of the gap between the internal iron core and the plunger is communicated with two of the three connection ports through the common recess and with the other connection ports through the circulation chamber. Of the part surrounded by the electromagnetic coil of the inner iron core Taken larger than the area, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the internal core portion facing the substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the gap around the portion of the inner core in the plunger.

  Furthermore, the four-way solenoid valve according to the present invention has one connection port on one side and three connection ports on the other side, and the connection is made between one connection port and three connection ports. A valve body in which a circulation chamber over the entire area of the mouth group is formed, a plunger that moves in the axial direction within the valve body, and a plunger that is connected to the plunger and arranged in pressure contact with and slides A sliding valve body, an inner iron core facing the opposite side of the valve body of the plunger, an electromagnetic coil surrounding the inner iron core, and an outer iron core disposed on the outer periphery of the electromagnetic coil. Two of the three connection ports communicate with each other through the common recess, and the other connection ports communicate with each other through the circulation chamber. It should be larger than the plate thickness area of And butterflies.

  According to the four-way solenoid valve of the present invention, the three connection ports, which are flow passage holes, are arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface, thereby reducing the sliding distance of the sliding valve body and the suction gap by the electromagnet. The power required for switching and maintaining the state of the four-way solenoid valve can be reduced.

  Further, according to the four-way solenoid valve of the present invention, the cross-sectional area in the vicinity of the gap between the inner iron core and the plunger is larger than the cross-sectional area of the portion surrounded by the electromagnetic coil of the inner iron core, and is opposed to the inner iron core in the plunger. By making the cross-sectional area of the part to be nearly equal to the cross-sectional area of the inner core near the gap, the magnetic resistance of the plunger gap can be reduced, reducing the power required for switching and maintaining the state of the four-way solenoid valve. can do.

  Furthermore, according to the four-way solenoid valve according to the present invention, the magnetic resistance in the magnetic circuit can be reduced by making the area of the part facing the plunger of the external iron core larger than the plate thickness area of the other part, Electric power necessary for switching and maintaining the state of the four-way solenoid valve can be reduced.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a cross-sectional view showing a four-way solenoid valve according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 (a) is a front cross-sectional view and FIG. 1 (b) is a partial side cross-sectional view. In the four-way solenoid valve of the present embodiment, the valve body 1 has a cylindrical shape in which a circulation space R is formed, and is made of a nonmagnetic material such as brass. The valve body 1 is formed with a connection port 1a on one side surface, and on the other side surface opposite to the valve seat portion, the valve seat portion has three connection ports 1b, 1c, 1d arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface. 2 is brazed. Further, the pipe 4 is brazed to the flow path hole of the connection port 1a, the large diameter portions 1b1, 1c1, 1d1 are provided in the flow path holes of the connection ports 1b, 1c, 1d, and the large diameters thereof. A pipe 5 is inserted into the part and brazed.

  A plunger case 21 is joined to the inner diameter portion on the upper side of the valve body 1 by brazing or the like and integrated with the valve body 1. A plunger 20 made of a magnetic material is movably accommodated in the plunger case 21. A small diameter portion 20a is formed on the valve body 1 side of the plunger 20, a connecting plate 11 is inserted into a hole 20b provided inside the small diameter portion 20a, and the connecting plate 11 is planed by caulking the small diameter portion 20a. It is connected to the jar 20. The connecting plate 11 is formed with a through hole 11a orthogonal to the axial direction. The through hole 11a is made of a rubber, polyfluorinated ethylene (or polytetrafluoroethylene), polyacetal (or polyacetal copolymer), or the like. A valve body 3 is attached. A communicating recess 3a is formed in a portion of the sliding valve body 3 facing the plurality of connection ports 1b, 1c, 1d. Further, a leaf spring 13 attached to the connecting plate 11 with a rivet 12 is provided on the rear surface of the sliding valve body 3, and the leaf spring 13 causes the sliding valve body 3 to connect to the valve seat surfaces of the connection ports 1 b, 1 c and 1 d. It is pressed against.

  On the other hand, an inner iron core 22 is disposed on the opposite side of the plunger 20 from the valve body 1, and a return compression coil spring 23 is disposed between the plunger 20 and the inner iron core 22. Further, around the plunger 20 and the inner iron core 22, an external iron core 24 made of a magnetic material also serving as an outer box and an electromagnetic coil 25 surrounded by the outer iron core 24 are disposed.

  Next, the operation of the four-way solenoid valve of the present embodiment will be described. When the electromagnetic coil 25 is not energized, the plunger 20 is pressurized by the compression coil spring 23, and the sliding valve body 3 is connected to the connection port 1c by the communication recess 3a via the connecting plate 11 fixed to the plunger 20. 1d is communicated, and the connection ports 1a and 1b are communicated by the flow space R inside the valve body 1. When the electromagnetic coil 25 is energized, the plunger 20 is attracted and moved to the inner iron core 22 side while compressing the compression coil spring 23 by the generated electromagnetic force. Along with this, the sliding valve body 3 also moves upward through the connecting plate 11 that is caulked and fixed to the plunger 20, and the connection ports 1 c and 1 b are communicated by the communication recess 3 a of the sliding valve body 3. At the same time, the connection ports 1 a and 1 d are communicated with each other through the circulation space R inside the valve body 1.

  What is characteristic in the present embodiment is that the three connection ports 1b, 1c, and 1d formed on the other side surface of the valve body 1 facing the connection port 1a are arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface. That is. FIGS. 2A and 2B are views showing the arrangement of the present embodiment and the conventional sliding valve body and three connection ports. As described above, the large-diameter portions 1b1, 1c1, and 1d1 are provided in the flow path holes of the connection ports 1b, 1c, and 1d, and the pipe 5 is inserted into the large-diameter portions 1b1, 1c1, and 1d1. Here, since there is a limit to downsizing the pipe diameter of the pipe 5, there is a limit to downsizing the diameters of the large diameter portions 1b1, 1c1, 1d1. Further, when trying to bring the pipes 5 closer to each other, the partition wall thickness between the large diameter portions becomes thin, and there is a limit to the processing for narrowing the interval between the large diameter portions. Therefore, when the connection ports 1b, 1c, and 1d are arranged in parallel as in the conventional example of FIG. 2B, the diameter restrictions of the large diameter portions 1b1, 1c1, and 1d1 and the partition wall thickness between the large diameter portions are reduced. Due to the limit, the stroke length h2 of the sliding valve body 3 also increases. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the connection ports 1b, 1c, and 1d are arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface. As a result, the stroke length h1 of the sliding valve element 3 can be made shorter than the conventional stroke length h2 even if there are restrictions on the diameters of the large diameter portions 1b1, 1c1, 1d1 and limitations on the partition wall thickness between the large diameter portions. It is possible to suppress power consumption when the electromagnetic coil 25 is attracted.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, by arranging the connection ports 1b, 1c, and 1d in a triangular shape with respect to the valve seat surface, the distance can be arranged closest without changing the diameter of the pipe 5, Therefore, the connection ports 1b and 1d can also be arranged closest. Thereby, since the hole pitch of a connection port can be made small compared with linearly arrange | positioning with respect to the conventional sliding direction, the sliding distance of the plunger 20 can be shortened. As a result, since the plunger 20 can be attracted with a small magnetomotive force, the electric power for driving the four-way solenoid valve and maintaining the state can be reduced.

  Further, when the four-way electromagnetic valve according to the present embodiment is incorporated in a cooling system and used, the operating power of the electromagnetic coil that does not contribute to the cooling or heating operation can be reduced, so that COP (Coefficient Of Performance) can be improved.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a four-way solenoid valve according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, FIG. 3 (a) is a side cross-sectional view showing a state before plunger suction, and FIG. 3 (b) is a view after plunger suction. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows a state. In the four-way solenoid valve of the present embodiment, the valve main body 1 has a cylindrical shape in which a circulation space R is formed, and is made of a nonmagnetic material such as brass. The valve body 1 is formed with a connection port 1a on one side surface, and on the other side surface opposite to the valve seat portion, the valve seat portion has three connection ports 1b, 1c, 1d arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface. 2 is installed. Further, the pipe 4 is brazed to the flow path hole of the connection port 1a, the large diameter portions 1b1, 1c1, 1d1 are provided in the flow path holes of the connection ports 1b, 1c, 1d, and the large diameters thereof. A pipe 5 is inserted into the part and brazed.

  A plunger case 21 is joined to the inner diameter portion on the upper side of the valve body 1 by brazing or the like and integrated with the valve body 1. A plunger 20 made of a magnetic material is movably accommodated in the plunger case 21. A small diameter portion 20a is formed on the valve body 1 side of the plunger 20, a connecting plate 11 is inserted into a hole 20b provided inside the small diameter portion 20a, and the connecting plate 11 is planed by caulking the small diameter portion 20a. It is connected to the jar 20. The connecting plate 11 is formed with a through hole 11a orthogonal to the axial direction. The through hole 11a is made of a rubber, polyfluorinated ethylene (or polytetrafluoroethylene), polyacetal (or polyacetal copolymer), or the like. A valve body 3 is attached. A communicating recess 3a is formed in a portion of the sliding valve body 3 facing the plurality of connection ports 1b, 1c, 1d. Further, a leaf spring 13 attached to the connecting plate 11 with a rivet 12 is provided on the rear surface of the sliding valve body 3, and the leaf spring 13 causes the sliding valve body 3 to connect to the valve seat surfaces of the connection ports 1 b, 1 c and 1 d. It is pressed against.

  On the other hand, an inner iron core 22 is disposed on the opposite side of the plunger 20 from the valve body 1, and a return compression coil spring 23 is disposed between the plunger 20 and the inner iron core 22. In addition, an outer iron core 24 made of a magnetic material and an electromagnetic coil 25 surrounded by the outer iron core 24 are disposed around the inner iron core 22.

  Next, the operation of the four-way solenoid valve of the present embodiment will be described. When the electromagnetic coil 25 is not energized, the plunger 20 is pressurized by the compression coil spring 23 so that the sliding valve body 3 communicates with the connection ports 1c and 1d through the communication recess 3a and the flow space inside the valve body 1 The connection ports 1a and 1b are communicated by R. When the electromagnetic coil 25 is energized, the plunger 20 is attracted and moved to the inner iron core 22 side while compressing the compression coil spring 23 by the generated electromagnetic force. Along with this, the sliding valve body 3 also moves upward through the connecting plate 11 that is caulked and fixed to the plunger 20, and the connection ports 1 c and 1 b are communicated by the communication recess 3 a of the sliding valve body 3. At the same time, the connection ports 1 a and 1 d are communicated with each other through the circulation space R inside the valve body 1.

  What is characteristic in the present embodiment is that the cross-sectional area of the portion 22A in the vicinity of the gap with the plunger 20 in the shape of the internal iron core 22 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the portion 22B surrounded by the electromagnetic coil 25 of the internal iron core 22. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the large-diameter portion 20 </ b> A facing the internal iron core 22 in the shape of the plunger 20 is made substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the gap vicinity portion 22 </ b> A of the internal iron core 22. In order to reduce magnetic loss due to sudden expansion at the boundary portion between the large diameter portion 22A and the small diameter portion 22B of the internal iron core 22, it is desirable to provide R of about R1 to R2 at the root portion. Further, the plunger 20 is provided with a hollow portion 200 and a gas vent hole 201, so that even when a high-viscosity material such as sludge enters the gap 205 between the plunger 20 and the valve body 1, the plunger 20 The gas body existing in the space 206 between the plunger case 21 and the plunger case 21 is discharged to prevent the plunger 20 from sliding.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the gap vicinity portion 22 </ b> A of the internal iron core 22 is made larger than the cross-sectional area of the portion 22 </ b> B surrounded by the electromagnetic coil 25 of the internal iron core 22 and faces the internal iron core 22. By making the cross-sectional area of the large-diameter portion 20A of the plunger 20 substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the gap vicinity portion 22A of the internal iron core 22, the plunger 20 and the internal iron core 22 are not increased without increasing the coil winding diameter. Therefore, the plunger 20 can be attracted with a small magnetomotive force, so that the driving of the four-way solenoid valve and the electric power for maintaining the state can be reduced.

  Further, when the four-way solenoid valve according to the present embodiment is incorporated in a cooling system and used, the operating power of the electromagnetic coil that does not contribute to cooling or heating operation can be reduced, so that COP (Coefficient Of Performance) can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, the example in which the three connection ports 1b, 1c, and 1d are arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface has been described. However, the three connection ports 1b, 1c, and 1d are provided on the valve seat surface. On the other hand, it may be arranged in a straight line.

  In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the plunger 20 and the inner iron core 22 are configured as an integral part. However, as shown in FIG. It is configured as a separate part of the main body side portion 20B, and the internal iron core 22 is configured as a separate part of the gap vicinity portion 22A and the main body side portion 22B, and is joined by press fitting, brazing, welding, etc., respectively, so as to improve the material yield. Anyway. In this case, it is possible to prevent the magnetic resistance from increasing as compared with the integrated component by setting the joint area between the separate components to be larger than the component cross-sectional area on the small diameter side.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the cylindrical plunger case 21 has a structure in which the diameters of both open ends are changed by contraction, expansion, pressing, or the like, so that the gap vicinity portion 20A and the valve body side portion 20B have different diameters. You may make it accommodate the plunger 20 which has it so that sliding is possible. According to this, the yield of the material of the valve body 1 can be improved. In this case, the gap vicinity portion 20A and the valve body side portion 20B of the plunger 20 may be composed of two or more parts, or may be formed as an integral part by cutting or the like.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 16, the different diameter portions of the plunger 20 and the inner iron core 22 are made as separate parts, and the large diameter portions 20A and 22A are manufactured by processing such as pressing or sheet metal, respectively, so that a cheaper device can be obtained. Can be provided.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view showing a four-way solenoid valve according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, FIG. 4 (a) is a side cross-sectional view showing a state before plunger suction, and FIG. 4 (b) is a view after plunger suction. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows a state. In the four-way solenoid valve of the present embodiment, the valve body 1 has a cylindrical shape in which a circulation space R is formed, and is made of a nonmagnetic material such as brass. The valve body 1 is formed with a connection port 1a on one side surface, and on the other side surface opposite to the valve seat portion, the valve seat portion has three connection ports 1b, 1c, 1d arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface. 2 is installed. Further, the pipe 4 is brazed to the flow path hole of the connection port 1a, the large diameter portions 1b1, 1c1, 1d1 are provided in the flow path holes of the connection ports 1b, 1c, 1d, and their large diameters. A pipe 5 is inserted into the part and brazed.

  A plunger case 21 is joined to the inner diameter portion on the upper side of the valve body 1 by brazing or the like and integrated with the valve body 1. A plunger 20 made of a magnetic material is movably accommodated in the plunger case 21. A small diameter portion 20a is formed on the valve body 1 side of the plunger 20, a connecting plate 11 is inserted into a hole 20b provided inside the small diameter portion 20a, and the connecting plate 11 is planed by caulking the small diameter portion 20a. It is connected to the jar 20. The connecting plate 11 is formed with a through hole 11a orthogonal to the axial direction. The through hole 11a is made of a rubber, polyfluorinated ethylene (or polytetrafluoroethylene), polyacetal (or polyacetal copolymer), or the like. A valve body 3 is attached. A communicating recess 3a is formed in a portion of the sliding valve body 3 facing the plurality of connection ports 1b, 1c, 1d. Further, a leaf spring 13 attached to the connecting plate 11 with a rivet 12 is provided on the rear surface of the sliding valve body 3, and the leaf spring 13 causes the sliding valve body 3 to connect to the valve seat surfaces of the connection ports 1 b, 1 c and 1 d. It is pressed against.

  On the other hand, an inner iron core 22 is disposed on the opposite side of the plunger 20 from the valve body 1, and a return compression coil spring 23 is disposed between the plunger 20 and the inner iron core 22. In addition, an outer iron core 24 made of a magnetic material and an electromagnetic coil 25 surrounded by the outer iron core 24 are disposed around the inner iron core 22.

  Further, in the shape of the inner iron core 22, the cross-sectional area of the portion 22 </ b> A near the gap with the plunger 20 is made larger than the cross-sectional area of the portion 22 </ b> B surrounded by the electromagnetic coil of the inner iron core 22. The cross-sectional area of the large-diameter portion 20A facing the internal iron core 22 is made substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the gap vicinity portion 22A of the internal iron core 22. Here, in order to reduce magnetic loss due to sudden expansion at the boundary between the large-diameter portion 22A and the small-diameter portion 22B of the internal iron core 22, it is desirable to provide R of about R1 to R2 at the root portion. Further, the plunger 20 is provided with a hollow portion 200 and a gas vent hole 201, so that even when a high-viscosity material such as sludge enters the gap 205 between the plunger 20 and the valve body 1, the plunger 20 The gas body existing in the space 206 between the plunger case 21 and the plunger case 21 is discharged to prevent the plunger 20 from sliding.

  Next, the operation of the four-way solenoid valve of the present embodiment will be described. When the electromagnetic coil 25 is not energized, the plunger 20 is pressurized by the compression coil spring 23 so that the sliding valve body 3 communicates with the connection ports 1c and 1d through the communication recess 3a and the flow space inside the valve body 1 The connection ports 1a and 1b are communicated by R. When the electromagnetic coil 25 is energized, the plunger 20 is attracted and moved to the inner iron core 22 side while compressing the compression coil spring 23 by the generated electromagnetic force. Along with this, the sliding valve body 3 also moves upward through the connecting plate 11 that is caulked and fixed to the plunger 20, and the connection ports 1 c and 1 b are communicated by the communication recess 3 a of the sliding valve body 3. At the same time, the connection ports 1 a and 1 d are communicated with each other through the circulation space R inside the valve body 1.

  What is characteristic in the present embodiment is that in the shape of the external iron core 24, the area of the portion 24A facing the plunger 20 is made larger than the cross-sectional area of the other plate thickness portions. Here, the enlarged portion 24A of the external iron core 24 is formed by burring the external iron core 24, joining another ring-shaped part by brazing, welding, or the like, or by pre-attaching the external iron core 24 with a thick part. This is done by manufacturing and machining.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the area of the portion 24A facing the plunger 20 of the external iron core 24 is made larger than the cross-sectional area of the other plate thickness portions, so the magnetic resistance at the facing portion is reduced. The plunger 20 can be attracted with a small magnetomotive force. Thereby, the electric power for driving and maintaining the state of the four-way solenoid valve can be reduced.

  Further, when the four-way solenoid valve according to the present embodiment is incorporated in a cooling system and used, the operating power of the electromagnetic coil that does not contribute to cooling or heating operation can be reduced, so that COP (Coefficient Of Performance) can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, the example in which the three connection ports 1b, 1c, and 1d are arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface has been described. However, the three connection ports 1b, 1c, and 1d are provided on the valve seat surface. On the other hand, it may be arranged in a straight line.

  In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the plunger 20 and the inner iron core 22 are formed as an integral part. However, as shown in FIG. 17, the plunger 20 includes the gap vicinity portion 20A and the valve. It is configured as a separate part of the main body side portion 20B, and the internal iron core 22 is configured as a separate part of the gap vicinity portion 22A and the main body side portion 22B, and is joined by press fitting, brazing, welding, etc., respectively, so as to improve the material yield. Anyway. In this case, it is possible to prevent the magnetic resistance from increasing as compared with the integrated component by setting the joint area between the separate components to be larger than the component cross-sectional area on the small diameter side.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 18, the cylindrical plunger case 21 has a structure in which the diameters of both open ends are changed by contraction, expansion, pressing, or the like, so that the gap vicinity portion 20A and the valve body side portion 20B have different diameters. You may make it accommodate the plunger 20 which has it so that sliding is possible. According to this, the yield of the material of the valve body 1 can be improved. In this case, the gap vicinity portion 20A and the valve body side portion 20B of the plunger 20 may be composed of two or more parts, or may be formed as an integral part by cutting or the like.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 19, the different diameter portions of the plunger 20 and the inner iron core 22 are made as separate parts, and the large diameter portions 20A and 22A are manufactured by processing such as pressing or sheet metal, so that a cheaper device can be obtained. Can be provided.

  In FIG. 4, the cross-sectional area of the gap vicinity portion 22 </ b> A between the inner iron core 22 and the plunger 20 is made larger than the cross-sectional area of the portion 22 </ b> B surrounded by the electromagnetic coil 25 of the inner iron core 22. In this shape, the cross-sectional area of the large-diameter portion 20A facing the internal iron core 22 is made substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the gap vicinity portion 22A of the internal iron core 22, but as shown in FIG. Needless to say, the present invention can also be applied to the four-way solenoid valve having the same cross-sectional area of the inner core 20 and the inner core 22.

Theoretical and numerical verification examples.
Plunger-driven four-way solenoid valves have existed in the past, but their power efficiency has not been studied much. However, in response to the recent demand for power saving, the inventor conducted a detailed study for the first time. The specific shape is as described in the above embodiment, and the theoretical and numerical effects supporting the structure of the present invention are as follows.

(1) Relationship between Plunger Gap and Plunger Diameter and Magnetic Resistance A magnetic circuit in the plunger attracting part of the four-way solenoid valve is represented as shown in FIG. Here, when the gap length is 1 (m), the magnetic permeability is μ (H / m), and the cross-sectional area s (m ² ), the magnetoresistance R is defined as shown in Equation (1).

Therefore, the magnetoresistance R _M1 (1 / H) due to the stroke length is such that the gap length is x (m), the vacuum permeability is μ ₀ = 4π × 10 ⁻⁷ (H / m), and the plunger diameter is D ₁ (m ), It is expressed as in equation (2).

Next, the magnetic resistance R _M2 (1 / H) by the spring is expressed by Expression (3) when the wire diameter of the spring is 0.5 mm and the relative permeability of iron is 760.

Further, the magnetic resistance R _M3 (1 / H) due to the space gap is 2 mm for the thickness of the outer iron core, 2 for the magnetic flux passage area ratio α, D ₂ (m) for the outer iron core diameter, and D ₁ (for the plunger diameter). m), and defining the gap length as d = (D ₂ −D ₂ ) / 2 (m), it is expressed by the formula (4).

On the other hand, the total magnetic resistance _RM is expressed by Expression (5).

(2) Calculation of the attractive force by the electromagnetic coil Since the attractive force by the electromagnetic coil cannot be calculated directly, it is obtained from the energy change. Considering a coil that is simply connected to the battery, assuming that the power supply voltage is E (V), the self-inductance is L (1 / H), and the internal resistance of the coil is R (Ω), the switch turns on and becomes a steady state. Until then, the following equation (6) is established by Kirchhoff's second law.

  Now, if i and dt are multiplied by both sides of the equation (6) and integrated, the following equation (7) is obtained.

  Therefore, the total energy (equation (8)) is obtained by integrating the equation (7) from the switch ON to the state where the steady current flows, that is, the current value from 0 to I.

The first term on the right side of Equation (8) is energy lost as heat, and the second term is electromagnetic energy. Therefore, when the electromagnetic energy is W _m , W _m is expressed by Equation (9).

  On the other hand, when the suction force is F, the work W performed by the plunger when the plunger gap is x is expressed by Expression (10).

  Here, since the mechanical energy change amount and the electromagnetic energy change amount are equal, the attractive force F is expressed by Equation (11).

(3) Relationship between the attractive force of the electromagnetic coil, the plunger diameter and the magnetic resistance The relationship between the magnetomotive force of the electromagnetic coil and the magnetic field lines is obtained. Consider a uniform and infinitely long solenoid as shown in FIG. A rectangular path as shown in FIG. 6 is selected so that one side AB is in the solenoid and parallel to the axis, and the opposite side CD is outside, and the length is set to one each. Here, when Ampere's law is applied to a rectangle in which the side CD is driven infinitely far away, assuming that the current flowing through the coil is J and the strength of the magnetic field is H, the work W is expressed by Equation (12).

  Here, n is the number of turns per unit length.

  Therefore, the following equation (14) is established.

  On the other hand, the line of magnetic force φ per unit length is expressed by Equation (15).

  Here, the electromotive force ε is expressed by the following equation (16) where the coil length is 1 and the magnetic permeability is μ.

  On the other hand, the electromotive force ε is defined by Expression (17).

  Therefore, Expression (18) is established from Expression (16) and Expression (17).

Here, when the magnetic resistance R _M = l / μS and the number of coil turns is N, Expression (18) is expressed by Expression (19).

  Therefore, the suction force F of the equation (11) is expressed as the equation (20).

(4) Relationship between parameters and required power The current required for plunger adsorption is almost determined by the magnetic resistance of the plunger gap. The parameters for reducing the magnetic resistance of the gap are limited to the plunger gap length and the cross-sectional area of the plunger gap. The following describes these two parameters and the required power.

(4.1) Relationship between plunger gap length and required power Conventional plunger diameter D1 = 9.8 × 10 ⁻³ (m), attractive force F = 5.35 (N), coil turns N = 4300 (times) The relationship between the gap length x (m) and the current I (A) is obtained.
Substituting the above parameters into the aforementioned equations (5) and (20), the following equation (21) is established.

  Solving I from the above equation (21) yields the following equation (22).

However, x: Plunger gap length (m), I: Required current (A). When this result is graphed, the relationship between the plunger gap length and the required current as shown in FIG. 7 is established. Here, for example, by changing the plunger gap length from 2 mm to 1 mm, the required current becomes 152 mA to 106 mA, and the power consumption is expressed as W = RI ² when the internal resistance R of the coil is constant. Since (106/152) ² = 0.4863, it can be seen that it is less than half.

(4.2) Relationship between cross-sectional area of plunger gap portion and required power Plunger gap length = 2.0 × 10 ⁻³ (m), attractive force F = 5.35 (N), coil winding number N = 4300 ( And the conventional product, and the relationship between the plunger diameter D ₁ (m) and the current I (A) is obtained. Substituting the above parameters into the above equation yields equation (23).

  From the above equation (23), when I is solved, equation (24) is obtained.

However, _{D 1:} plunger diameter (m), I: a necessary amount of current (A). FIG. 8 is a graph showing the result. Moreover, when it graphs with a plunger gap part cross-sectional area, it will become like FIG. From these figures, it can be seen that the required current is greatly reduced up to around 2000 mm ² (plunger diameter 25 mm), but the effect is reduced thereafter. For example, if the current plunger diameter is increased from 9.8 mm to 25 mm, the required current will be from 152 mA to 96 mA, and if the specific resistance of the coil is constant, the required power is proportional to the square of the current (96/152) ² = 0.3989 and it can be seen that it is 40% or less.

Moreover, the relationship between plunger gap part cross-sectional area ratio and required electric current is shown in FIG. Here, the plunger gap part cross-sectional area ratio used was obtained by dividing each plunger gap part cross-sectional area by 78.5 mm ^{2 on the} basis of φ10. Moreover, the relationship between plunger gap part cross-sectional area ratio and required electric power is shown in FIG. Here, the required power was calculated as R = 260 from W = I ² R because the coil resistance value was 260Ω.

  From the graphs of FIGS. 10 and 11, even if the plunger gap cross-sectional area ratio exceeds 25, the reduction of the required current / required power is small. Therefore, it is preferable that the cross-sectional area near the gap of the plunger does not exceed 25 times the cross-sectional area of the portion surrounded by the electromagnetic coil of the inner iron core.

(4.3) Relationship between burring height and required power Plunger gap length: x = 2.0 × 10 ⁻³ (m), plunger diameter: D ₁ = 9.8 × 10 ⁻³ (m), suction force When F = 5.35 (N), the number of coil turns N = 4300 (times), and calculating the magnetic resistance of the above equations (1), (2), (3), the following equations (25), (26) (27).

Here, a: burring height (m), t: diffusion amount = 2 × 10 ⁻³ (mm), d: gap width = 0.8 × 10 ⁻³ (m).
Therefore, the total magnetic resistance _RM is expressed by the following equation (28).

  On the other hand, the suction force F is expressed by the following equation (29) by substituting parameters into the equation (20).

  From the above equations (28) and (29), when I is solved, the following equation (30) is obtained.

  FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show the relationship between the thickness ratio of the external iron core, the required current and the required power when only the burring height is changed in the conventional product having a gap length of 2 mm and a plunger diameter of 9.8 mm.

  As apparent from the theoretical and numerical results as described above, the plunger stroke is shortened by arranging the three connection ports provided on one side of the four-way solenoid valve in a triangular shape with respect to the valve seat surface. The magnetic resistance in the gap portion can be reduced, and the power reduction during operation and holding of the solenoid valve can be reduced. In addition, by increasing the cross-sectional area of the plunger in the plunger gap and the opposing iron core, the magnetic resistance of the plunger gap can be reduced, reducing the power reduction during operation and holding of the solenoid valve. Can do. Furthermore, by increasing the facing area between the external iron core and the plunger, it is possible to reduce the magnetic resistance of the gap between the external iron cores, and to reduce power consumption during operation and holding of the solenoid valve.

It is sectional drawing which shows the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the sliding valve body and three connection port of the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the magnetic circuit in the plunger attraction | suction part of a solenoid valve. It is explanatory drawing for deriving work from the magnetomotive force of an electromagnetic coil. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the plunger gap length and required current of the four-way solenoid valve by the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the plunger diameter and required current of the four-way solenoid valve by the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the plunger cross-sectional area and required current of the four-way solenoid valve by the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the plunger cross-sectional area ratio of a four-way solenoid valve and required current by the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the plunger cross-sectional area ratio of the four-way solenoid valve by Example of this invention, and required power. It is a figure which shows the board thickness ratio of the external iron core of the four-way solenoid valve by the Example of this invention, and the relationship of required current. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the plate | board thickness ratio of the external iron core of a four-way solenoid valve by Example of this invention, and required electric power. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the four-way solenoid valve by Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 valve body, 1a 1 connection port, 1b, 1c, 1d 3 connection ports,
2 valve seat part, 3 sliding valve body, 3a recess for communication, 20 plunger,
22 internal iron core, 23 coil spring, 24 external iron core, 25 electromagnetic coil.

Claims (4)

One connection port is provided on one side surface and three connection ports are provided on the other side surface, and a circulation chamber extending over the entire connection port group is provided between the one connection port and the three connection ports. A valve body formed on the valve body, a plunger that moves in the axial direction inside the valve body, a sliding valve body that is connected to the plunger and is in pressure contact with the three connection ports and arranged to slide. With
The sliding valve body communicates two connection ports among the three connection ports through the communication recess and communicates between the other connection ports through the circulation chamber.
The three-way solenoid valve is characterized in that the three connection ports are arranged in a triangle with respect to the valve seat surface. One connection port is provided on one side surface and three connection ports are provided on the other side surface, and a circulation chamber extending over the entire connection port group is provided between the one connection port and the three connection ports. A valve body formed on the valve body, a plunger that moves in the axial direction inside the valve body, a sliding valve body that is connected to the plunger and is in pressure contact with the three connection ports and arranged to slide. An inner iron core facing the valve body opposite the plunger, an electromagnetic coil surrounding the inner iron core, and an outer iron core disposed on the outer periphery of the electromagnetic coil,
The sliding valve body communicates two connection ports among the three connection ports through the communication recess and communicates between the other connection ports through the circulation chamber.
The cross-sectional area of the inner iron core near the gap with the plunger is larger than the cross-sectional area of the inner iron core surrounded by the electromagnetic coil, and the cross-sectional area of the plunger facing the inner iron core is A four-way solenoid valve characterized by being substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the portion near the gap of the internal iron core. The ratio P (= S1 / S2) of the cross-sectional area S1 in the vicinity of the gap with the plunger in the internal iron core and the cross-sectional area S2 of the portion surrounded by the electromagnetic coil of the internal iron core is 1 <P ≦ 25. The four-way solenoid valve according to claim 2, wherein: One connection port is provided on one side surface and three connection ports are provided on the other side surface, and a circulation chamber extending over the entire connection port group is provided between the one connection port and the three connection ports. A valve body formed on the valve body, a plunger that moves in the axial direction inside the valve body, a sliding valve body that is connected to the plunger and is in pressure contact with the three connection ports and arranged to slide. An inner core facing the opposite side of the valve body of the plunger, an electromagnetic coil surrounding the inner core, and an outer core disposed on the outer periphery of the electromagnetic coil,
The sliding valve body communicates two connection ports among the three connection ports through the communication recess and communicates between the other connection ports through the circulation chamber.
A four-way solenoid valve characterized in that an area of a portion of the outer iron core facing the plunger is larger than a plate thickness area of other portions.

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