JP2006149319A - Granule spreader - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a granule spreader designed to mutually uniformly spread a granule from a release port of each release pipe without causing clogging of the granule by making a mistake in air flow rate and continuously carry out the mutually uniform spreading of the granule from the release port of each release pipe even when there is a tilt of a vehicle. <P>SOLUTION: The granule spreader is used to jet the granule into a boom 23 equipped with a plurality of jetting holes 23a for jetting the granule delivered from a granule tank 11 with a blowing fan in a blowing unit 24. The amount of the delivered granule from the granule tank 11 or an air flow rate rate is regulated so that values detected with scattering sensors 29a and 29b for detecting contact pressure of the granule just before jetting from the jetting holes 23a and 23a at the base and tip of the boom 23 are equal. Thereby, the granule such as a fertilizer can uniformly be spread over a field, etc., without unevenness of spreading. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a traveling vehicle (hereinafter also referred to as a granular material sprayer) provided with a granular material spraying device for spraying fertilizers, agricultural chemicals, or the like (hereinafter sometimes referred to as powder particles) to a field.

2. Description of the Related Art A spreader equipped with a spraying device for spraying granules while traveling on a crop growing on a farm is provided at the rear of a traveling vehicle.
In Patent Document 1, the powder fed from a powder feed unit attached to the lower part of a granule tank at the rear of the machine body is guided to a powder discharge pipe by a blower fan housed in a fan case, and the discharge pipe The structure which discharge | releases to a farm field from the discharge port of this is disclosed.
JP-A-6-121607

  In the above-described conventional spreader, the discharge amount of the granular material is determined by the air volume of the blower fan. Conventionally, the operator adjusts the shutter opening degree of the fan before the work. It was a thing. For this reason, operators who are unaccustomed to work have problems that the powder volume is clogged by mistake and the powder particles cannot be uniformly sprayed, or that excessive spraying causes unnecessary costs. On slopes, there is a problem that non-uniform spraying continues due to the inclination of the vehicle.

  Therefore, the present invention can disperse uniform powder particles from the discharge port of each discharge pipe without clogging the powder by mistaken air volume, and even if the vehicle is inclined, the discharge port of each discharge pipe. It is to provide a powder particle spreader capable of continuously spraying uniform powder particles from each other.

The above-mentioned problem of the present invention is solved by the following means.
The invention according to claim 1, ejects the powder tank 11, the feeding means (feeding valve) 15 for feeding the powder from the powder tank 11, and the powder fed by the feeding means 15. A boom 23 provided with a plurality of ejection holes 23a, blower means 24 for blowing powder particles fed by the feeding means 15 from the blow holes 23a of the boom 23 by blowing air, and jetting the powder particles of the boom 23 Between the scattering sensor 29a for detecting the contact pressure of the granular material just before being ejected from the base ejection hole 23a in the plurality of ejection holes 23a, and the granular material immediately before being ejected from the ejection hole 23a at the tip. A granular material spraying device comprising a scattering sensor 29b for detecting pressure and a control means 40 for adjusting the amount of powder discharged from the feeding means 15 so that the detection values of the two scattering sensors 29a and 29b are equal. is there.

  The invention according to claim 2, ejects the powder tank 11, the feeding means (feeding valve) 15 for feeding the powder from the powder tank 11, and the powder fed by the feeding means 15. A boom 23 provided with a plurality of ejection holes 23a, blower means 24 for blowing powder particles fed by the feeding means 15 from the blow holes 23a of the boom 23 by blowing air, and jetting the powder particles of the boom 23 Between the scattering sensor 29a for detecting the contact pressure of the granular material just before being ejected from the base ejection hole 23a in the plurality of ejection holes 23a, and the granular material immediately before being ejected from the ejection hole 23a at the tip. It is a granular material spraying device provided with the scattering sensor 29b which detects a pressure, and the control means 40 which adjusts the ventilation volume of the ventilation means 24 so that the detected value of two said scattering sensors 29a and 29b may become equal.

  The invention according to claim 3, ejects the powder tank 11, the feeding means (feeding valve) 15 for feeding the powder from the powder tank 11, and the powder fed by the feeding means 15. The booms 23, 23 provided on the right and left of the powder tank 11 and the powder granules fed by the feeding means 15 are blown out from the jet holes 23 a of the boom 23 by blowing air. Dispersion sensor 29a for detecting the contact pressure between the blowing means 24 and the granular material just before being ejected from the base ejection hole 23a in the plurality of ejection holes 23a for ejecting the granular material of the boom 23, and the tip portion The scattering sensor 29b for detecting the contact pressure of the granular material immediately before being ejected from the ejection hole 23a, the scattering sensors 29a, 29a at the base of each of the left and right booms 23, and the detection of the scattering sensors 29b, 29b at the distal ends When there is a deviation in the ejection amount of each granular material from the booms 23, 23 provided on the left and right sides of the granular material tank 11 calculated based on the value, a control device 40 that issues an alarm with a separate alarm means is provided. It is the provided powder particle distribution device.

  According to invention of Claim 1, the scattering sensor which detects the contact pressure of the granular material immediately before ejecting from the base ejection hole 23a in the several ejection holes 23a ... which ejects the granular material of the boom 23. Since the amount of the granular material fed by the feeding means 15 is adjusted so that the detection value of the scattering sensor 29b for detecting the contact pressure of the granular material 29a just before being ejected from the ejection hole 23a at the tip end portion 29a becomes equal, it is dispersed in the field or the like. It can evenly disperse powders such as fertilizer evenly.

  According to invention of Claim 2, the scattering sensor which detects the contact pressure of the granular material immediately before ejecting from the base ejection hole 23a in the several ejection holes 23a ... which ejects the granular material of the boom 23. The amount of air blown by the air blowing means 24 is adjusted so that the detection value of the scattering sensor 29b for detecting the contact pressure of the particulate matter immediately before being ejected from the ejection hole 23a at 29a and the tip end portion is equal. It is possible to disperse powders such as fertilizer.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, if there is a deviation in the ejection amount of each granular material from the left and right booms 23, 23, the alarm means issues an alarm. Can be prevented.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 shows a side view of a tabular spreader with a powder and particle spreader attached to the front, Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the tabular spreader, and Fig. 3 shows a rear view of the tabular spreader. . In addition, in this specification, the left-right direction which went to the advancing direction of the tabla type granular material spreader is called left and right, respectively.

  The passenger management machine is provided with front wheels 2 and 2 and rear wheels 3 and 3 respectively in the front and rear portions of the fuselage 1, and appropriately reduces the rotational power of the engine (not shown) with a transmission in the mission case 5. The reduced rotational power is transmitted to the front wheels 2, 2 and the rear wheels 3, 3.

  Further, the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3 are steered left and right by rotating the steering handle 6, a pilot seat 7 is provided behind the steering handle 6, and both left and right sides of a floor 9 provided below the pilot seat 7. The part is provided with a step 10 installed in a suspended manner. By step 10, the operator can get on and off the floor 9 safely and easily.

In addition, a powder tank (tabler) 11 filled with granules such as fertilizer and medicine is detachably mounted on the airframe 1 at the rear of the cockpit 7.
The powder tank 11 has a funnel shape, and the front side is concave in plan view. A lid 11 a that can be freely opened and closed is provided at the ceiling of the powder tank 11, and the powder 11 can be filled into the tank 11 by opening the lid 11 a.

  The granular material tank 11 is supported from both left and right sides by a pentagonal support member 12 fixed to the body 1 in a side view. A feeding valve (feeding means) 15 driven by an electric motor 13 is provided at the lower part of the powder tank 11, and a flexible feeding pipe 16 is continuously provided below the feeding valve 15. The rotational speed of the feeding valve 15 can be arbitrarily adjusted, and can be changed to a desired speed by a spray control on / off switch 20 (FIG. 4) on a control panel 19 provided at a position where the hand of the cockpit 7 can be reached.

  In addition, a blower unit 24 that supplies powder particles fed from a feed valve 15 to a spreading boom (side boom) 23 provided on both sides of the machine body 1 is provided below the powder tank 11.

Next, the specific structure of the powder delivery device such as the feed valve 15, the powder pipe 16, and the blower unit 24 such as a blower fan will be described.
The wind sucked from the air inlet (not shown) of the blower unit 24 is sent from the feed pipe 16 to the side boom 23 via the blower shutter 26 having a substantially spiral opening / closing portion in front view. The feeding pipe 16 of the granular material fed out from the granular material tank 11 is joined at an intermediate portion of the feeding pipe 16, and a feeding valve 15 is provided at the joining portion. The feeding valve 15 is configured such that a notched portion is formed at a predetermined interval in a cylindrical tube body, and the powdered fertilizer accumulated in the notched portion is dropped into the pipe 16 by rotating the notched portion. ing.

  The granular material dropped from the granular material tank 11 is guided to the boom base through the feeding pipe 16. Two bases of the feed pipe 16 are arranged in parallel at a position facing the blower fan in the blower unit 24, merge below the feed valve 15, and then split into two to communicate with the left and right booms, respectively. Yes.

  The left and right booms 23 can be opened and closed in the horizontal direction, and can be switched between a working state and a storage state.

  On the lower surface of the side boom 23, that is, the surface on the ground side, an appropriate number of ejection holes 23a for ejecting powder particles are formed. Further, a pipe 27 for ejecting the attached granular material is connected to the base side of the side boom 23, and the granular material can be supplied to the field scene behind the back of the machine body 1.

Therefore, when the blower fan in the blower unit 24 is driven, the blower shutter 26 is opened, and the feed valve 15 is operated, the powder that has fallen from the powder tank 11 is ejected from the ejection holes 23a of the side boom 23 and the powder. It is ejected from the use pipe 27 to the field. The blower shutter 26 is driven by the transmission motor 13.
Moreover, as another form of the said delivery valve | bulb 15, it is good also as a bucket type or an extrusion type using a piston.

  Next, the structure of the granular material dispersion | distribution control apparatus of the tabla type | formula spreader of a present Example is shown in FIG. The control means 40 according to the present embodiment detects the amount of the powder and granular material corresponding to the vehicle speed detected by the vehicle speed sensor 32 by the scattering sensor 29 provided in the ejection hole 23a of the boom 23, and supplies the powder according to the detected value. In this configuration, the rotational speed of the motor 13 is corrected.

  As shown in FIG. 4, based on input signals such as the spray control on / off switch 20, the vehicle speed sensor 32, the feed valve rotation sensor 34, the scattering sensor 29, and the blower fan rotation sensor 36, the controller 40 is fed with the feed motor 13, the air volume adjustment shutter (blower shutter). ) Operation control of the opening / closing electric motor 41, display on the liquid crystal monitor 42, operation of the warning buzzer 44 and lighting of the pilot lamp 45 are performed.

  Differences in specific gravity and particle size are large depending on the type of powder, and the set rotation speed of the delivery valve 15 is set according to the type of each powder. Will occur.

  Therefore, as shown in the schematic vertical sectional view of the side boom 23 in FIG. 5, the granular material sent by the blower fan to the scattering sensor (impact sensor) 29 attached to the swash plate 47 provided in the ejection hole 23 a of the side boom 23 is provided. It is set as the structure which hits. Since the voltage of the scattering sensor 29 changes in accordance with the number of grains hitting the scattering sensor 29, the rotational speed of the feeding motor 13 and / or the blowing amount of the blower fan is corrected according to the output value of the scattering sensor 29, and the granular material Adjust the feed amount.

  Further, after two dust sensors (impact sensors) 29a and 29b are installed in the ejection holes 23a and 23a at the base part and the tip part of the left and right booms 23, respectively, and the spraying of the granular material is started, the dust sensor 29a per unit time. , 29b is detected, and the value is compared with a constant set in advance according to the type of powder, and if less, the powder feed rotation speed is increased. If more, the feed rotation speed is increased. It can also be configured to reduce the.

  Further, when the scattering sensor 29 is provided on the base of the left and right booms 23 and the swash plate 47 at the distal end, the blowing amount of the blowing fan is set so that the ratio of the particle number detection values of the two scattering sensors 29a and 29b is substantially equal. By adjusting the rotation speed of the feeding motor 13, it is possible to control the amount of the granular material sprayed with high accuracy.

  The ratio of the particle number detection values of the two scattering sensors 29a and 29b is to detect the number of particles colliding with the scattering sensors 29a and 29b every predetermined time, and the ratio of the number of particles is approximately a predetermined value (depending on how the scattering sensor 29 is attached). The amount of air blown by the blower fan and the number of rotations of the feed motor 13 are adjusted so that the particle hitting method is different and the ratio of the number of particles is used as a criterion.

  According to the present embodiment, with respect to the conventional tabular spraying device, it is possible to feed out the granular material only by adding a configuration in which the scattering sensors 29a and 29b are provided on the swash plate 47 at the base part and the tip part of the left and right booms 23. The amount is revealed.

  In addition, the tabular powder particle spreader (boom tabla) of the present embodiment can be diverted to a chemical liquid sprayer (boom sprayer). At this time, it is necessary to replace the chemical tank and the side boom 23 with a liquid spraying device. However, as shown in a terminal connection diagram (FIG. 6A) of the connector 50a of the machine body 1 in FIG. The connector 50b for the chemical solution spraying device and the connector 50c for the powder particle spraying device are of the same type, and the model discrimination signal destination of the spraying device is incorporated in the connector. Then, as shown in the display panel 51 in FIG. 6B, the color of the characters is reversed so that it can be distinguished whether the currently connected spreader is a tabla type powder or powder spreader. Are displayed.

  With the configuration of the controller connecting connectors 50a to 50c, it is possible to prevent the controller 40 from erroneously recognizing the spreader when the tabular powder and powder spreader and the chemical liquid spreader are replaced.

At this time, the spraying controller 40 is configured to determine the type of the spraying device mounted on the body 1 and automatically execute the control program for the spraying device, and the display items of the display panel 51 are mounted. It is configured to be limited to items corresponding to the type of the spraying device (sprayer set amount / set pressure / sprayed amount cumulative, etc. for sprayer, rotation speed of feed valve, specific gravity, weight, etc. for tabular).
If the display item is made to correspond to the type of the spraying device in this way, erroneous recognition can be prevented, and erroneous workability due to incorrect settings or the like can be prevented.

7 and 8 show a flow such as control of the feed amount of the granular material by the spraying controller 40.
In FIG. 7, it is determined in step 1 whether the engine is started and sprayed by the sprayer or sprayed by the sprayer, and then either control mode is entered. This step 1 is performed only once, and thereafter, when the spray control on / off switch 20 is turned on, the control mode for spraying the granular material (tabler) is entered.

Next, the flow of the granular material (tabler) dispersion control will be described with reference to FIG.
When the vehicle speed sensor 32 detects the traveling of the machine body, the driving of the feeding motor 13 is started. Then, it is determined whether or not the deviation of the spreading amount of the left and right booms 23 is within a predetermined range based on the detection values of the scattering sensors 29 between the distal ends and the proximal ends of the left and right booms 23, and the deviation of the spreading amount is within a predetermined range. If exceeded, the alarm buzzer 44 sounds.

  If the deviation of the spray amount is within a predetermined range, it is next determined whether or not the deviation between the detection values of the scattering sensor 29b at the tip of the boom 23 and the scattering sensor 29a at the boom base is within a predetermined range. If the deviation between the detection values of the scattering sensors 29a and 29b is within a predetermined range, whether or not the spray amount is in accordance with the vehicle speed based on the vehicle speed detection value by the vehicle speed sensor 32 is compared with a preset spray amount. Judge by. When the spraying amount is small, the rotational speed of the feeding motor 13 is gradually increased, and when the spraying amount is too large, the rotational speed of the feeding motor 13 is gradually decreased. The process is a return.

Moreover, the spreader of a present Example can equip the rear part of the body 1 with the weeding cult 55 shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the case where the soybean weed cult 55 is arranged will be described.
At present, the use of pesticide-free is also promoted in the weeding of fields where soybeans are growing, and farmers are weeding using a backpack-type brush cutter before harvesting. However, this weeding work is a heavy labor and a heavy burden. Further, if the weeding operation is neglected, weeds are mixed at the time of harvest and become dirty, resulting in a problem that the value of soybean is lowered.

In the soybean weed cult 55 shown in FIG. 9, it is important to arrange the nail arrangement in accordance with the groove shape between soybean meals.
FIG. 9A shows a rear view of the soybean weed cult 55, and FIG. 9B shows a side view of the soybean weed cult 55. FIG.

  The claw holder 56 of the soybean weed cultivar 55 is provided with claw holders 56a to 56c having three stages of length, medium and short. The claw holder 56 has a shorter holder 56c attached to the outer side of the groove in accordance with the shape of the groove between the ribs. In addition, the nails 57a and 57b having two types of lengths are used. At this time, the claw 57 itself is used in combination with the short claw holder 56 that is shorter toward the outer side of the ridge groove. With the combination of the claw holder 56 and the claw 57, a plurality of claws 57 can be arranged so as to match the groove shape between soybean meals.

  As shown in FIG. 9 (a), when the array of soybean weed cultivating claw 57 is arranged so as to be substantially the same as the shape of the groove between soybean pods in a rear view, the grooves are formed along the soybean ridge without breaking the ridge. Can be weeded.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, the soybean weed cultivating claw 57 is a rotary type, and the sprocket 59 provided on the cultivating claw driving shaft 58 is driven by the chain 60. The chain 60 is the engine power of the spreader. It is driven by a sprocket (not shown) inside the power transmission unit 61 driven by

In the soybean weed cultivate 55, a weed removing scraper 62 on the top and side of the straw is arranged in front of the cultivating claw rotating portion. The scraper 62 is an L-shaped steel member in rear view in accordance with the shape of the upper surface and side surface of the heel, and is supported by a support member 63 with a spring 64 attached to the rear side of the power transmission unit 61. . The scraper 62 is inclined so that the soil and weed removed by the scraper 62 are sent to the rotating portion side of the cultivating claw 57. Therefore, weeds and soil extracted by the scraper 62 enter the rotating part and are discharged backward.
Thus, the scraper 62 can weed the weeds on the upper surface of the culm, which is the largest cause of dirt during soybean harvest.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a traveling vehicle provided with a powder and particle material spraying device that sprays fertilizer or agricultural chemicals on a farm field.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] It is a side view of the tabular spreader which attached the granular material spreading | spreading apparatus of the Example of this invention to the front part. It is a top view of the spreader of FIG. It is a rear view of the spreader of FIG. It is a block diagram of the granular material spreading | diffusion control apparatus of the spreading machine of FIG. It is a figure explaining the function of the granular material dispersion | distribution boom of the spreading machine of FIG. The terminal connection diagram of the connector of the spreader of FIG. 1 (FIG. 6 (a)) and a screen for displaying that the currently connected spreader shown in the display panel is a tabla type powder spreader (boom tabla), etc. (FIG. 6B). It is a flowchart of the granular material dispersion | distribution control of the spreading machine of FIG. It is a flowchart of the granular material dispersion | distribution control of the spreading machine of FIG. It is the rear view (FIG. 9 (a)) of the weeding cult attached to the rear part of the spreading machine of FIG. 1, and the side view (FIG. 9 (b)) of the weeding cultivar for soybeans.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airframe 2 Front wheel 3 Rear wheel 5 Mission case 6 Steering handle 7 Pilot seat 9 Floor 10 Step 11 Granule tank 11a Lid 12 Support member 13 Electric motor 15 Feeding valve 16 Feeding pipe 19 Control panel 20 Spray control On / off switch 23 Sprinkling boom 23a Blowout hole 24 Blower unit 26 Blower shutter 27 Pipe 29 Splash sensor 32 Vehicle speed sensor 34 Feed valve rotation sensor 36 Blower fan rotation sensor 40 Controller 41 Blower shutter opening / closing motor 42 LCD monitor 44 Warning buzzer 45 Pilot Lamp 47 Swash plate 50a to 50c Controller connection connector 51 Display panel 55 Soybean weed culti 56 Culch claw holder 57 Culch claw 58 Culch claw drive shaft 59 Sprocket 60 Chain 61 Power transmission unit 62 Grass removal scraper 63 support member 64 spring

Claims (3)

A powder tank 11;
A feeding means 15 for feeding out the granular material from the granular material tank 11;
A boom 23 provided with a plurality of ejection holes 23a for ejecting the granular material fed by the feeding means 15;
A blowing means 24 for blowing the powder particles fed by the feeding means 15 from the blowing holes 23a of the boom 23 by blowing;
From the scattering sensor 29a which detects the contact pressure of the granular material just before ejecting from the base ejection hole 23a in the plurality of ejection holes 23a ... which ejects the granular material of the boom 23, and the ejection hole 23a at the distal end. A scattering sensor 29b for detecting the contact pressure of the granular material immediately before jetting;
A powder particle spraying device, comprising: a control means 40 for adjusting the amount of powder powder fed out by the feeding means 15 so that the detection values of the two scattering sensors 29a and 29b are equal. A powder tank 11;
A feeding means 15 for feeding out the granular material from the granular material tank 11;
A boom 23 provided with a plurality of ejection holes 23a for ejecting the granular material fed by the feeding means 15;
A blowing means 24 for blowing the powder particles fed by the feeding means 15 from the blowing holes 23a of the boom 23 by blowing;
From the scattering sensor 29a which detects the contact pressure of the granular material just before ejecting from the base ejection hole 23a in the plurality of ejection holes 23a ... which ejects the granular material of the boom 23, and the ejection hole 23a at the distal end. A scattering sensor 29b for detecting the contact pressure of the granular material immediately before jetting;
A granular material spraying device, comprising: a control unit 40 that adjusts the blowing amount of the blowing unit 24 so that the detection values of the two scattering sensors 29a and 29b are equal. A powder tank 11;
A feeding means 15 for feeding out the granular material from the granular material tank 11;
Booms 23, 23 provided with a plurality of ejection holes 23 a for ejecting the granular material fed by the feeding means 15, and provided on the left and right of the granular material tank 11, respectively;
A blowing means 24 for blowing the powder particles fed by the feeding means 15 from the blowing holes 23a of the boom 23 by blowing;
From the scattering sensor 29a which detects the contact pressure of the granular material just before ejecting from the base ejection hole 23a in the plurality of ejection holes 23a ... which ejects the granular material of the boom 23, and the ejection hole 23a at the distal end. A scattering sensor 29b for detecting the contact pressure of the granular material immediately before jetting;
From the booms 23, 23 provided on the left and right sides of the powder tank 11 calculated based on the detection values of the scattering sensors 29a, 29a at the bases of the left and right booms 23 and the scattering sensors 29b, 29b at the distal ends. A granular material spraying device comprising: a control device 40 that issues a warning by a separate alarm means when there is a deviation in the ejection amount of each granular material.

Images