JP6786218B2 - Direct seeding machine - Google Patents

Description

According to the present invention, in a direct sowing machine in which seeds are dropped and sown at the bottom of each sowing groove having a V-shaped cross section formed by a large number of groove rings, large-sized seeds such as soybeans are sown in the sowing groove. those concerning the direct seeder that allow seeding in a portion close to the bottom.
In the following description, the term "V-shaped" in the "V-shaped sowing groove" means that the beak of a wild bird is prevented from reaching the bottom of the sowing groove, and the seeds that have fallen into the groove bottom are prevented. Refers to a V-shape having an opening width and depth that can prevent predation by the wild bird.

As shown in Patent Document 1, the direct sowing machine forms a large number of seeding grooves having a V-shaped cross section in a field scene at predetermined intervals along a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the machine body, and sows the seeds. A type of sowing machine that drops seeds to the bottom immediately after the formation of the groove and covers the seeds immediately after the seeds fall, and is a groove making device for forming the sowing groove and the bottom of the sowing groove. It is provided with a sowing device for dropping seeds together with fertilizer as needed, and a soil covering device for covering the seeds dropped on the bottom of the sowing groove.

First, a schematic configuration of a direct seeder will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, which are drawings of examples of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention relates to a seeding groove widening device in a direct seeding machine, and the seeding groove widening device is characterized, and the main body of the direct seeding machine has no features as it is in the conventional configuration. Regarding the description of the main body of the direct sowing machine, in order to keep it to the minimum necessary, the driving mechanism of the seed and fertilizer feeding mechanism in the drive shaft 63 and the hopper 64 of the direct sowing machine will not be described in detail. The direct seeder is mounted and towed on the rear part of the tractor (not shown) via a three-point hitch link L composed of a pair of lower links 61 and an upper link 62, and is towed by the aircraft B. A drive shaft 63 is supported along a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction P, and a large number of groove rings W are attached to the drive shaft 63 at intervals corresponding to the gaps between the seeding grooves V to be formed. In this configuration, the corresponding hopper 64 is attached to the upper part of each groove ring W after being obliquely inclined. The groove making device E has a configuration in which a large number of groove making wheels W are attached to the drive shaft 63.

The groove ring W has various structures, and one example shown in FIG. 4 is given as an example. In this groove ring W, the outer peripheral portions of a pair of large-diameter and small-diameter curved disks 81 and 82 having a central hole are welded 83 on the side of the small-diameter curved disk 82, and the pair of curved disks 81, 82 are integrated, a short cylindrical mounting cylinder 84 is fitted into the center holes 81a, 82a of the pair of curved disks 81, 82, and integrated by welding 83, and finally, The split collar ring body 85 is fitted to the outside of the pair of curved disks 81 and 82, respectively, and integrated by welding 83. The shape in which the pair of curved disks 81 and 82 are integrated by welding 83 is similar to the shape of the abacus ball, including having a central hole. As a result, a groove-making protrusion 90 having a V-shaped cross section extends over the entire circumference at the central portion in the width direction of the regulation collar ring body 86 for depth regulation, which is composed of a pair of split collar ring bodies 85. It becomes a groove ring W having a structure that is projected. A large number of mounting cylindrical bodies 84 integrally provided with the groove ring W are fitted to the outside of the drive shaft 63, and both are integrated by the connecting pin 87, so that the drive shaft 63 can be used in a field scene. The sowing groove V of a large number of rows to be formed is integrally attached at intervals corresponding to the spacing (pitch) [Q] [see FIG. 2] to form the groove making device E. A nut 88 is fixed to the mounting cylinder 84 by welding, and the tip of a bolt 89 screwed into the nut 88 is inserted into a through hole 84a provided in the mounting cylinder 84 to drive a shaft. By contacting the outer peripheral surface of 63, rattling between the drive shaft 63 and the mounting cylinder 84 is prevented.

The drive shaft 63 is driven by transmitting the power taken out from the PTO shaft (not shown) of the tractor via the universal joint 65 via the bevel gear mechanism (not shown) and the chain gear mechanism 66. Rotate. On the other hand, the hopper 64 constituting the sowing device F is separated into a seed storage chamber 68 and a fertilizer storage chamber 69 by a separation plate 67 provided inside the hopper 64, and the storage chambers 68 and 69 are directly below the hopper 64. A receiver 71 capable of accommodating seeds and fertilizer separately fed from the above is arranged, and a sowing hose 72 for guiding the fall of the mixture of seeds and fertilizer is connected to each receiver 71. The lower end of each seeding hose 72 faces the opening of each seeding groove V formed by each groove ring W by the drive rotation of the drive shaft 63. In front of the body B, a pair of grounding wheels 73 for generating power for driving a seed and fertilizer feeding mechanism (not shown) arranged between the hopper 64 and the receiver 71 are arranged. The power generated by the rotation of the pair of ground wheels 73 is transmitted to the feeding mechanism described above via the universal joint 65 and the chain gear mechanism 66. Note that, in FIG. 2, reference numeral 75 denotes a chain gear that is attached to one end of the drive shaft 63 and constitutes the chain gear mechanism 66.

Then, in the machine B in the working state, a pair of grounding wheels 73 and each of the regulated flange ring bodies 86 of a large number of groove rings W attached to the drive shaft 63 are grounded to the field scene A, and the machine B is in this state. As it progresses, the depth of penetration of the groove protrusion 90 into the field scene A is regulated by the regulation flange ring body 86 by the drive rotation of the drive shaft 63, and the groove protrusion 90 of each groove ring W regulates the penetration depth. In the field scene, a large number of seeding grooves V having a V-shaped cross section corresponding to the groove protrusion 90 are formed at a constant pitch (Q). As the groove 90 of the groove ring W advances while rotating, the soil on both sides of the sowing groove V receives a pressing force from the side by the groove 90 when the groove ring W is formed. Because it is hard. Immediately after the formation of the sowing groove V, seeds mixed with fertilizer are dropped from the sowing hose 72 arranged behind each sowing groove W to the bottom of the sowing groove V and sown. After sowing, the soil is covered by the soil covering device G described later.

Here, the seeding groove V has a V-shaped cross section, and the opening width (K ₀ ) and depth (H ₀ ) [see FIG. 13 (b)] are (20 mm) and (50 mm), respectively. The beaks of wild birds (harmful birds) such as bulbuls and crows are prevented from reaching the bottom of the groove because both sides of the sowing groove V are hardened due to the compression of the soil during the formation of the groove. The size is such that the seeds that have fallen to the bottom of the ditch can be prevented from being preyed on by wild birds.

In the case of small-sized seeds such as rice and wheat, the maximum length is about 5 mm, so most of the seeds reach the bottom by dropping them into the sowing groove V, but compared to rice and wheat. When soybean seeds S having a large size are sown, the average size of the maximum portion of the slightly elliptical seeds S is 9 to 11 mm. Therefore, in the sowing groove V having the above dimensions, FIG. As shown in (b), the seeds are caught on both inner wall surfaces of the seeding groove V during the fall and are sown at a position away from the bottom in an aerial support state. When soil is covered in this state, some seeds S supported in the air may have their sowing positions slightly lowered due to a slight impact during soil covering, but the entire seeds S are buried in the soil. Because of the absence, sufficient water cannot be absorbed, and the seed S becomes dry, resulting in delayed germination or poor germination. In addition, predation by wild birds is unavoidable because they are placed at a depth that allows the beaks of the wild birds (harmful birds) to reach from the field scene.

Here, the above problem can be solved by using a specially-designed groove ring having a V-shaped cross section and a large formation angle, but two types of groove rings having different formation angles of the seed groove V can be used. In addition to the fact that it is necessary to own the sowing, the cost is high, and since the sowing ring itself has a considerable weight, the replacement work cannot be performed by the agricultural worker himself, and a professional agricultural equipment sales / repair company is requested. There is a fact that we have no choice but to do it. As a result, since it is inevitable to use a groove ring corresponding to small-sized seeds such as rice and wheat, the above-mentioned problems of drying the soybean seed S and predation of the seed S by wild birds are unavoidable. .. As a result, the productivity, which is the amount of production per unit area of the crop for large-sized seeds, is reduced.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-187933

The present invention is based on the actual situation of using the direct sowing machine described above, and uses a general groove ring used for direct sowing of small-sized seeds such as rice and wheat without using a groove ring having special specifications. Therefore, by sowing large-sized seeds such as soybeans near the bottom of the sowing groove, it is an object to prevent both the drying of the large-sized seeds and the predation by wild birds.

In the invention of claim 1 for solving the above problem, a drive shaft is supported by the airframe along a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the airframe, and a large number of groove rings are integrated with the drive shaft at predetermined intervals. The cross section of the groove ring can prevent the beak of the wild bird from reaching the bottom of the sowing groove and prevent the seeds that have fallen into the bottom of the sowing groove from being preyed on by the wild bird. A groove-making device having a V-shape having an opening width and a depth and having a groove-making protrusion having a regulated groove-making depth protruding over the entire circumference.
A sowing device for supplying a plurality of seeds of different sizes to the bottom of each sowing groove immediately after being formed in a field scene by the large number of groove rings by the drive rotation of the drive shaft via a sowing hose. In a direct sowing machine equipped with
A rod-shaped seeding groove widening tool for forming a seeding groove widening portion in which a portion close to the bottom of the seeding groove is widened is arranged between the groove ring of the groove-growing device and the seeding hose of the seeding device. hand,
The large size of the seeds to be sown in a state caught in the middle of the sowing grooves among the plurality of types of seeds of different said sizes is characterized in that to enable seeded into the bottom of the sowing groove widening section.

According to the invention of claim 1, as the machine progresses, a large number of sowing grooves having a V-shaped cross section corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral portion of the groove ring are formed by the machine. The soil is formed at predetermined intervals along the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the sowing groove, and immediately after that, the soil on both inner wall surfaces of the narrow portion near the bottom of the sowing groove is scraped by the rod-shaped sowing groove widening tool. By being broken, a sowing groove widening portion having a substantially equal width is formed over a predetermined height, and immediately after that, large-sized seeds such as soybeans are dropped and supplied into the sowing groove from the sowing hose of the sowing device. It is arranged at the bottom of the sowing groove widening portion. Since the bottom of the sowing groove widening portion has a cross section close to the bottom of the V-shaped sowing groove, as a result, large-sized seeds are sown at the bottom of the sowing groove widening portion, and in this state, soil is covered. The soil cover plate of the device breaks the soil on both sides of the opening of the sowing groove, and the large seeds sown at the bottom of the sowing groove are covered with soil. The soil on both inner wall surfaces of the seeding groove, which was scraped by the rod-shaped seeding groove widening tool, was collapsed to the bottom of each of the widened seeding grooves, and a large size was placed on the soil at the bottom. Seeds are sown.

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, a widened seeding groove widening portion is formed in a portion having a predetermined height facing upward from a portion near the bottom of the V-shaped seeding groove, and the seeding is concerned. Large-sized seeds are sown at the bottom of the groove widening section. In this way, even large-sized seeds are sown in a portion close to the bottom of the sowing groove in the same manner as small-sized seeds, and the whole is covered with soil, so that the seeds are sown in an aerial support state. This prevents the seeds from drying out and ensures that the seeds germinate. In addition, since the beak of wild birds (harmful birds) does not reach the sowing position of large-sized seeds, large-sized seeds are placed in the V-shaped sowing groove formed by the same groove ring as before. , Can be sown without fear of being preyed on by wild birds (harmful birds). As a result, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the production amount of large-sized seeds and secure the original productivity.

The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, the seeding groove widening tool is attached to the airframe in a forward leaning posture with respect to the traveling direction of the airframe.

According to the invention of claim 2, since the seeding groove widening tool is attached to the machine in a forward leaning posture with respect to the traveling direction of the machine, both inner wall surfaces of the V-shaped seeding groove are formed. The sowing groove widening portion having a substantially constant cross-sectional shape is formed by being scraped off without breaking the overall shape of the sowing groove with a relatively small running resistance.

The invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1 or 2, the seeding groove widening tool is attached to the airframe via a coil spring.

According to the invention of claim 3, when both inner wall surfaces of the V-shaped sowing groove are scraped by the sowing groove widening tool, the sowing groove widening tool for the soil forming both inner wall surfaces of the sowing groove. Due to the running resistance of the coil spring, the entire coil spring is bent by an amount proportional to the running resistance in a side view. When the coil spring bends in a lateral view, an elastic restoring force is generated in the coil spring, and the elastic restoring force causes the sowing groove widening tool to always keep the soil forming both inner wall surfaces of the sowing groove. Press. For this reason, when the protruding length of the groove protrusion of the groove ring becomes shorter due to wear and the seeding groove formed becomes shallower, the forward tilt angle of the seeding groove widening tool becomes larger correspondingly. Therefore, it is always possible to stably scrape the soil forming both inner wall surfaces of the sowing groove by using the rod-shaped sowing groove widening tool.

Further, the regular arrangement position of the seeding groove widening tool in the width direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the machine body is immediately after the groove ring, but according to the invention of claim 3, the arrangement position of the seeding groove widening tool is Even if the coil spring is mistakenly placed slightly offset from the width direction of the machine, not immediately after the groove ring, the coil spring is slightly bent in the rear view to sow the seeding groove. The arrangement position of the groove widening tool can be corrected to a state close to the regular arrangement position, and it is possible to always evenly scrape both inner wall surfaces of the sowing groove.

The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that, in any of the inventions of claims 1 to 3, the cross section of the seeding groove widening tool is circular.

According to the invention of claim 4, since the cross section of the seeding groove widening tool is circular, as long as the seeding groove widening tool is arranged immediately after the groove ring, the seeding groove widening tool can be used as the machine body. It is possible to evenly scrape the soil on both inner wall surfaces of the sowing groove without being affected by the fixed position of the sowing groove widening tool in the circumferential direction with respect to the attachment for attachment. In the cross-sectional view, the running resistances at both left and right ends are the same or close to the same, so that the sowing groove widening portion can be stably formed, and the sowing groove widening portion symmetrical with respect to the sowing groove is formed.

In the present invention, a portion near the bottom of the sowing groove is widened so that large-sized seeds sown while being caught in the middle of the sowing groove can be sown at a position near the bottom of the sowing groove. A rod-shaped sowing groove widening tool for forming the sowing groove widening portion is arranged between the groove ring of the sowing device and the sowing hose of the sowing device, so that the beak of the wild bird reaches the bottom of the groove. Immediately after the formation of the sowing groove having a V-shaped cross section having an opening width and depth capable of preventing the seeds dropped to the bottom of the groove from being preyed on by the wild bird, the seeding groove widening tool is used. A widened sowing groove widening portion is formed at a predetermined height portion facing upward from a portion near the bottom of the sowing groove, and a large-sized seed can be sown at the bottom of the sowing groove widening portion. Then, the whole is covered with soil. Therefore, by using the groove ring that was used for direct sowing of small-sized seeds such as rice and wheat, without using the groove ring of special specifications, it prevents the large-sized seeds from drying out and germinates reliably. At the same time, it is possible to prevent seed predation by wild birds at the same time, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in the productivity of crops related to large-sized seeds.

It is a side view of the direct seeding machine provided with the seeding groove widening apparatus D which concerns on this invention. It is also a plan view. It is also a perspective view. (A) is a partial cross-sectional view of a drive shaft 63 to which a large number of groove rings W are attached, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of (a). It is an enlarged side view of the part where the sowing groove widening device D and the soil covering device G according to the present invention are integrated. It is a perspective view of a similar part. It is an exploded perspective view of the same part. It is an exploded perspective view of the seeding groove widening apparatus D which concerns on this invention. (A) is an enlarged side view of a state in which the seeding groove widening tool 12 is attached to the bracket 1 via a coil spring 11, and (b) is various cross-sectional views of the seeding groove widening tool 12. FIG. 5 is a plan view in which a part of the seeding groove widening device D and the soil covering device G according to the present invention is broken. (A) is an enlarged side view of the soil covering device G, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line YY of (a). (A) and (b) are enlarged cross-sectional views showing a state in which a seeding groove V is formed by the groove ring W and a state in which a seeding groove widening portion Va is formed in the seeding groove V, respectively. (C) and (d) show a state in which a large-sized seed S is sown in the sowing groove widening portion Va of the sowing groove V, and a state in which the seed S sown in the sowing groove widening portion Va is covered with soil. It is an enlarged sectional view. (A) and (b) are enlarged cross sections showing a state in which large-sized seeds S are sown in the sowing groove widening portion Va formed by the present invention and a state in which the seed S is sown in the sowing groove V in an aerial support state. It is a figure.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to optimum examples.

1 to 9 show the seeding groove widening device D of the embodiment of the present invention, and since the basic configuration of the direct seeding machine has been described in the "Background Art" section, the seeding groove widening device D and the above-mentioned Only the soil covering device G arranged behind the sowing groove widening device D will be described. The seeding groove widening device D is arranged between each groove ring W in the lateral support paddle 74 of the machine body B and the seeding hose 72 of the seeding device F, and immediately after the seeding groove widening device D, respectively. The soil covering device G is arranged.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the seeding groove widening device D has a configuration in which a seeding groove widening tool 12 having a circular rod shape with a circular cross section is attached to a lateral support paddle 74 via a bracket 1 and a coil spring 11. Is. In the bracket 1, the width direction plate portion 2 and the front-rear direction plate portion 3 are orthogonally integrated to form an L-shape in a plan view, and the front-rear direction plate portion 3 is divided into two parts in the front-rear direction. A pair of fitting plate portions 4 to be fitted to the paddle 74 from below are integrally provided, and a mounting plate portion 5 arranged below the lateral support rod 74 is horizontally provided between the fitting plate portions 4. The mounting plate portion 5 is formed with a bolt insertion hole 6 through which a bolt 13 for fixing the entire bracket 1 to the lateral support paddle 74 is inserted.

The coil spring 11 has a configuration in which annular portions 11b and 11c arranged on substantially the same surface are formed at both ends of the spring main body portion 11a, respectively. The bolt 14 inserted into the annular portion 11b at the upper end of the coil spring 11 is screwed into the female screw portion 7 formed in the widthwise plate portion 2 of the bracket 1, so that the coil spring 11 is attached to the bracket 1. Can be mounted perpendicular to. Immediately below the portion of the widthwise plate portion 2 of the bracket 1 where the female screw portion 7 is formed, a semi-short cylindrical upper portion for preventing bending of the upper end portion of the spring main body portion 11a of the coil spring 11 is formed. The bending preventing member 15 is vertically attached, and the upper end portion of the spring main body portion 11a of the coil spring 11 and the rear portion along the traveling direction P of the machine body B is the upper bending preventing member. It is covered with 15 and cannot be bent.

A straight rod-shaped seeding groove widening tool 12 is provided with a lower bending blocking member 17 having the same shape as the upper bending blocking member 15 integrally provided by welding on the outer peripheral upper surface of the bolt insertion short cylinder 16 arranged horizontally. , The bolt-inserted short cylinder 16 is integrally attached to the lower surface of the outer circumference by welding so as to be in a forward leaning posture with respect to the traveling direction P of the machine body B in a side view. An annular portion 11c below the coil spring 11 is arranged on the front end surface of the bolt insertion short cylinder 16, and the bolt 18 for inserting the bolt insertion short cylinder 16 and the annular portion 11c is screwed with the nut 19. As a result, the seeding groove widening tool 12 is attached to the bracket 1 via the coil spring 11 in a forward leaning posture with respect to the traveling direction P of the machine body B. Since the rear portions of the upper and lower ends of the spring body 11a of the coil spring 11 are covered with the upper and lower bending prevention members 15 and 17, respectively, the bending possible portion 21 in the spring body 11a (FIG. FIG. 5) is only a part of the central portion in the longitudinal direction. With this structure, when the seeding groove widening tool 12 in the forward leaning posture is used to scrape both inner wall surfaces of the portion having a predetermined height near the bottom of the seeding groove V to form the seeding groove widening portion Va, the coil spring 11 The spring main body 11a can be bent by an appropriate amount in the side view, and the elastic restoring force due to the bending of the spring main body 11a is applied to the soil scraping part on both inner wall surfaces of the sowing groove V being formed. On the other hand, the sowing groove widening tool 12 is pressed by an appropriate elastic force, and is designed so that the shaving of the soil can be stably performed.

As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the bracket 1 is attached to the bracket 45 in a state where the mounting plate portion 5 is arranged below the U-shaped attachment / detachment bracket 45 at the front end of the soil covering device G described later. The sowing groove widening tool 12 is attached to the lateral support paddle 74 via the bracket 1 and the coil spring 11 by attaching the mounting plate portion 5 to the lateral support paddle 74 via the bolt 13 and the nut 22. With respect to the groove ring W, the seeding groove widening tool 12 has the oblique lower end portion of the seeding groove widening tool 12 slightly inward of the outer peripheral edge of the lowest portion of the groove protrusion 90 of the groove ring W. By arranging the seeding groove V, the portion having a predetermined height is widened to the width K ₁ to form the seeding groove widening portion Va, counting from the portion slightly above the bottommost portion of the seeding groove V.

The cross-sectional shape of the rod-shaped seeding groove widening tool 12 can be considered variously as shown in FIG. 9B, and any shape can be obtained as long as the width of the seeding groove widening portion Va can be widened to be K _1. Although it may be present, it is most preferable that the widening is circular in cross section, which is not affected by the arrangement in the circumferential direction. The width K ₁ of the sowing groove widening portion Va corresponds to the size of the soybean seed S and is 9 to 11 mm. As the other cross-sectional shape, as shown in FIG. 9B, a square, a regular hexagon, or the like can be considered. When the cross-sectional shape is square, the two opposing sides are relative to the traveling direction P of the machine body B. In some cases, they are arranged in parallel, and in other cases, they are arranged at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the traveling direction P.

Further, between the attachment / detachment bracket 45 of the soil covering device G and the mounting plate portion 5 of the bracket 1 of the seeding groove widening device D, a hose posture determining plate 23 for determining the inclined posture of the lower end portion of the seeding hose 72 is attached. The plate portion 23a is arranged, and the hose posture determination plate 23 is attached to the lateral support paddle 74. The front end of the hose posture fixing plate 23 is slightly lowered while it is attached to the lateral support rod 74, and the lower end of the seeding hose 72 is inserted into the hose insertion hole 23b in the center of the hose posture fixing plate 23. As a result, the lower end of the sowing hose 72 has an inclined posture similar to that of the sowing groove widening tool 12. In addition, in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, 24 indicates a washer.

Next, the soil covering device G arranged immediately after the sowing groove widening device D will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7, 10 and 11. In the soil covering device G, the sled plate mounting member 32 is rotatably supported by the vertically arranged sled plate support plate 31 via the rotation support bolt 33, and is obtusely angled at the lower end of the sled plate mounting member 32. The bent sled plate 34 is integrally attached by welding, and the portion rearward of the bent portion of the sled plate 34 is the sled plate main body 34a, which is the center in the width direction of the sled plate main body 34a. The portion is cut out to form a hollow portion 34b, so that the tip portion of the thick plate-shaped soil covering plate 35 enters the hollow portion 34b, and the soil covering plate 35 is the inclined plate portion 34c of the sled plate 34. It is a configuration attached to. Since the width of the soil covering plate 35 is slightly larger than the width K ₀ of the opening of the sowing groove V, the soil in the opening of the sowing groove V is destroyed by the progress of the soil covering plate 35. A short square tubular soil covering plate insertion tool 36 into which the soil covering plate 35 can be inserted is integrally attached to the inclined plate portion 34c of the sled plate 34 by welding, and the soil covering plate inserted through the soil covering plate insertion tool 36. In 35, the fixing bolt 38 is screwed into the nut body 37 integrally attached to the top plate portion of the soil covering plate insertion tool 36, so that the soil covering plate 35 projects obliquely from the hollow portion 34b of the sled plate main body 34a. The length is adjustable. In the figure, C ₁ indicates the rotation axis of the rotation support bolt 33.

A first spring mounting rod 41 is integrally connected to the base end portion of the sled plate mounting member 32 by welding so as to form an blunt angle with the sled plate mounting member 32, and is after the sled plate support plate 31. A second spring mounting rod 42 is integrally attached to the end portion so as to be obliquely rearward and upward, and a tension spring 43 is attached to the tip portion of the first spring mounting rod 41 and an appropriate position on the tip end side of the second spring mounting rod 42. By connecting with, the sled plate main body 34a is constantly pressed against the field scene A by the elastic restoring force of the tension spring 43 in a state where the sled plate main body 34a is in contact with the field scene A. There is. A plurality of hook groove portions 42a are formed on the tip end side of the second spring mounting rod 42 at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction, and the hooking position of the tension spring 43 with respect to the second spring mounting rod 42 is changed. As a result, the elastic restoring force of the tension spring 43 is adjusted so that the warp plate main body 34a is pressed against the field scene A with an optimum pressing force. In addition, 44 is an inclination regulation attached to the second spring mounting rod 42 in order to bring the first spring mounting rod 41 into contact with the sled plate supporting plate 31 in order to regulate the maximum inclination angle of the sled plate mounting member 32. Indicates a member.

The soil covering device G described above is attached so as to be slightly swingable to the left and right with respect to the lateral support paddle 74 of the machine body B so that the soil covering plate 35 is always arranged in the center with respect to the width direction of the sowing groove V. .. A U-shaped detachable bracket 45 that is detachably fitted to the lateral support paddle 74 is back-to-back and another small bracket 46 having the same shape is integrated by welding, and the sled plate. Another bracket 47 is integrally attached to the bent portion 31a of the front end portion of the support plate 31 by welding so as to face the bracket 46. On the other hand, a pair of short cylindrical bodies 48 vertically arranged in the brackets 46 and 47 are integrally connected via a connecting plate 49, and the brackets 46 and 47 are attached to both ends of the connecting plate 49 in the longitudinal direction. A rotation restrictor 51 is integrally attached to the lower square plate portion, which is arranged with a gap in the left-right direction (longitudinal direction of the lateral support paddle 74). In a state where each short cylinder 48 integrally connected by a connecting plate 49 is arranged inside each bracket 46, 47, each short cylinder is inserted through a rotation support bolt 52 inserted into each short cylinder 48. By connecting 48 and the brackets 46 and 47, when the detachable bracket 45 is attached to the lateral support paddle 74 via the bolt 13, the soil covering device G rotates, which is the axial center of each rotation support bolt 52. The configuration is such that it swings slightly to the left and right around the axes C ₂ and C ₃ . In the figure, 53 indicates an extraction prevention bolt attached to the oblique upper end portion of the soil covering plate 35 in order to prevent the soil covering plate 35 from coming out from the soil covering plate insertion tool 36.

The soil covering device G advances in a state where the warp plate main body 34a is pressed against the field scenes A on both sides of the sowing groove V by the elastic restoring force of the tension spring 43, so that the center of the warp plate main body 34a in the width direction. The soil on both sides of the opening of the sowing groove V is cut down by the soil covering plate 35 inserted into the sowing groove V through the hollow portion 34b of the above, and is housed in the sowing groove V in which the seed S is sown at the bottom. As a result, the seed S is covered with soil.

Then, when the body B is towed by the tractor and advances, as shown in FIGS. 3, 5, 6 and 12-A (a), the drive rotation of the drive shaft 63 causes the regulating collar of each groove wheel W to move. With the ring body 86 in contact with the field scene A, only the portion of the groove protrusion 90 pierces the inside from the field scene A, so that the field scene A has a large number of seeding grooves having a V-shaped cross section. V is formed by pitch Q. Immediately after each groove ring W, a seeding groove widening tool 12 is arranged so as to be supported by a lateral support paddle 74 via a coil spring 11 and a bracket 1, and a lower end portion of the seeding groove widening tool 12 is arranged. Is arranged slightly above the bottom of the seeding groove V, so that the coil spring 11 has a forward tilt angle of the seeding groove widening tool 12 due to a slight deformation of the central bendable portion 21. Is slightly larger, and the seeding groove widening tool 12 is in contact with both inner wall surfaces of the seeding groove V, and both inner wall surfaces of the seeding groove V are scraped off to widen the width [Fig. 12-A (b) and FIG. 13 (a)]. Since the seeding groove widening tool 12 is attached to the bracket 1 via the coil spring 11, the hardness of both inner wall surfaces of the seeding groove V suddenly changes, or when large stones are present. By changing the arrangement position of the sowing groove widening tool 12 by changing the amount of elastic deformation of the coil spring 11, it is possible to respond to the above-mentioned change in soil hardness, or to avoid stones. Grooving work can be continued.

Immediately after widening the sowing groove V, the seed S is supplied to the sowing groove widening portion Va of the sowing groove V together with fertilizer from the sowing hose 72 whose lower end faces the opening of the sowing groove V. The seed S falls to a portion near the bottom of the sowing groove V and is sown [FIG. 12-B (c)]. Both sides of the seeding groove V become hard because they receive the pressing force of the groove protrusion 90 at the time of forming the seeding groove V. The shape of the seeding groove V to be formed is stable and constant, and its opening width (K ₀ ) and depth (H ₀ ) are about (20 mm) and (50 mm), respectively, and the widened portion. The width (K ₁ ) is (9 to 11 mm) [see FIG. 13 (a)]. By cutting both inner wall surfaces of the seeding groove V with the seeding groove widening tool 12, the seeding groove widening portion Va is formed, and the soil J ₁ generated by the cutting is housed in the bottom of the seeding groove widening portion Va. is, seed S are seeded onto the soil J _1. The depth (H ₁ ) of the seed S sown is slightly shallower than the depth (H ₀ ) of the sowing groove V itself, but since the entire seed S is covered with soil, the seed S is covered. It is possible to prevent the seed S from drying out, to ensure the germination of the seed S, and to prevent the seed S from being preyed on by wild birds (harmful birds). Productivity can be secured.

After that, the soil on both sides of the opening of the sowing groove V is crushed by the soil covering plate 35 of the soil covering device G, and the seed S is accommodated in the sowing groove V in which the seed S is sown, so that the seed S is covered with soil. [Fig. 12-B (d)].

In the above embodiment, the seeding groove widening tool 12 is attached to the bracket 1 via a coil spring 11, and due to the action of the coil spring 11, the seeding groove widening tool 12 is formed on both inner wall surfaces of the seeding groove V during molding. When the protrusion length of the groove protrusion 90 of the groove ring W is shortened due to wear and the seeding groove V formed becomes shallow due to the impact on the portion, the seeding groove corresponding to this becomes shallow. Since the forward tilt angle of the widening tool 12 becomes large, the soil that forms both inner wall surfaces of the sowing groove can always be stably scraped by the rod-shaped sowing groove widening tool, and the stones existing in the sowing groove V can be stably scraped. Further, even if the positions of the formed seeding groove and the seeding groove widening tool 12 are displaced in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the machine body B, this deviation is absorbed and seeding is performed. There is an advantage that the groove V can be appropriately widened. However, in the present invention, the use of the coil spring 11 is not indispensable, and the seeding groove widening tool 12 can be directly attached to the bracket 1.

A: Field scene
B: Aircraft
D: Seeding groove widening device
E: Grooving device
F: Seeding device
G: Soil covering device
H ₀ : Depth of seeding groove
H ₁ : Depth of seeds sown in the sowing groove widening part
K ₀ : Opening width of seeding groove
K ₁ : Width of seeding groove widening part
S: Large size seeds
V: Seeding groove
Va: Seeding groove widening part
W: Groove ring
1: Bracket
11: Coil spring
12: Seeding groove widening tool
63: Drive shaft of groove making device
72: Seeding hose

Claims (4)

A drive shaft is supported on the aircraft along a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction of the aircraft, and a large number of groove rings are integrally attached to the drive shaft at predetermined intervals, and the cross section of the groove ring is a wild bird. It has a V-shape with an opening width and depth that prevents the beak from reaching the bottom of the sowing groove and prevents seeds that have fallen into the bottom of the sowing groove from being preyed on by the wild bird. , A groove-making device having a structure in which a groove-making protrusion having a regulated groove depth is provided over the entire circumference.
A sowing device for supplying a plurality of seeds of different sizes to the bottom of each sowing groove immediately after being formed in a field scene by the large number of groove rings by the drive rotation of the drive shaft via a sowing hose. In a direct sowing machine equipped with
A rod-shaped seeding groove widening tool for forming a seeding groove widening portion in which a portion close to the bottom of the seeding groove is widened is arranged between the groove ring of the groove-growing device and the seeding hose of the seeding device. hand,
A direct sowing machine characterized in that a large-sized seed that is sown in a state of being caught in the middle of the sowing groove among a plurality of types of seeds having different sizes can be sown at the bottom of the sowing groove widening portion. The direct seeding machine according to claim 1, wherein the seeding groove widening tool is attached to the machine body in a forward leaning posture with respect to the traveling direction of the machine body. The direct seeding machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seeding groove widening tool is attached to the machine body via a coil spring. The direct seeding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cross section of the seeding groove widening tool is circular.

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