JP4089548B2 - Powder and particle feeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a powdery granule feed apparatus designed to easily unload powdery granules in clogging. <P>SOLUTION: The powdery granule feed apparatus has the following construction: The flank of a feed chamber 3 located between a funnel 1 for containing and feeding powdery granules and a feed rotor 2 for receiving the thus fed granules and feeding them is provided with a retrieval port 4 via which remainders in the feed chamber 3 are discharged and a retrieval shutter 5 functioning to open/close the retrieval port 4, wherein the shutter 5 is designed to be openable by turning from a closed position A to inner side B and outer side C. Thus, This apparatus eliminates the trouble that powdery granules often cake in lumps due to bridging phenomena or moisture or the like in a feed chamber where powdery granules fed from a feed funnel are received and then unloaded by the rotation of a feed rotor and the powdery granules cannot be unloaded outside even if a retrieval shutter is opened. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&amp;NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a granular material feeding device.

A feeding chamber is formed between the supply funnel containing and supplying the powder and the feed rotor that receives and feeds the fertilizer (powder) supplied from the supply funnel. A technique provided with a recovery port and this recovery shutter is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-140229 (page 3, FIG. 1).

  In the feeding chamber that receives the granular material supplied from the supply funnel and feeds it by the rotation of the feeding rotor as described above, a bridging phenomenon of the granular material is caused, or the granular material is solidified by moisture or the like. In many cases, this granular material cannot be taken out even if the recovery shutter is opened. The present invention makes it possible to easily and easily take out powder particles in such a clogged state.

The invention according to claim 1 includes a supply funnel (1) that accommodates and supplies powder and a feeding rotor (2) that receives and feeds the powder supplied from the supply funnel (1) . A recovery port (4) for discharging the residue remaining in the supply chamber (3) and a recovery shutter (5) for opening and closing the recovery port (4) at the side of the supply chamber (3) formed therebetween. The recovery shutter (5) includes an inner shutter (5B) that can be rotated from the closed position (A) to the inner side (B) and an outer shutter (5C) that can be rotated to the outer side (C). It is set as the structure of the granular material supply apparatus characterized by being comprised in a double form .

Therefore, when powder or granules are stored in the supply funnel 1 and supplied to the feeding chamber 3 and the feeding rotor 2 is rotated, the powder particles in the feeding chamber 3 are fed by the feeding rotor 2. At this time, the recovery shutter 5 of the recovery port 4 is placed in the closed position A. When the powder particles are clogged in the feeding chamber 3 or the residue remaining in the feeding chamber 3 or the supply funnel 1 after the work is taken out from the recovery port 4, the rotation of the feeding rotor 2 is performed. Is stopped and the recovery shutter 5 is opened. At this time, the recovery shutter 5 is rotated from the closed position A to the inner side B to a predetermined position to crush the residual granular material in the feeding chamber 3 or the recovery port 4. Thereby, even if this residual granular material is hardened, it collapses. Then, when the recovery shutter 5 is rotated from the inner B position to the outer C position and the recovery port 4 is opened, the residual granular material is discharged from the recovery port 4.
Further, by rotating the collection shutter 5 toward the inside of the inner shutter 5B, the powder or granular material located particularly on the side of the collection port 5 of the feeding chamber 3 is pressed to collapse the bridge or solidity. Here, the disintegrated powder particles are discharged by rotating the outer shutter 5C outward and opening the collection port 4.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the granular material is discharged from the collection port 4 in the feeding chamber 3, the powder in the feeding chamber 3 is slightly rotated to the opposite side once when the collection shutter 5 is opened. By compressing the body, the bridge or solidity of the powder particles can be broken, and the powder particles can be discharged smoothly by opening the recovery shutter 5.

Further , since the recovery shutter 5 is composed of the inner shutter 5B for operating the inner B and the outer shutter 5C for operating the outer C, the outer shutter 5C is set to the closed position A when the inner shutter 5B is operated to the inner B. In this state, the granular material in the feeding chamber 3 can be compressed to break up the bridging phenomenon and hardness. After the inner shutter 5B returns to the closed position A, the outer shutter 5C opens. Residues can be discharged, bridges can be eliminated and powder particles can be discharged smoothly and accurately, and the opening and closing properties of these collection shutters 5 can be improved.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6, this granular material feeding device includes a supply funnel 1 that accommodates and supplies the granular material, and a feeding rotor 2 that receives and feeds the granular material supplied from the supply funnel 1. A recovery port 4 for discharging the residue remaining in the supply chamber 3 and a recovery shutter 5 for opening and closing the recovery port 4 are provided at the side of the supply chamber 3 formed between the recovery chamber 5 and the recovery shutter 5. It is provided so that it can be opened and closed by turning from the closed position A to the inner side B and the outer side C. When powder or granules are accommodated in the supply funnel 1 and supplied to the feeding chamber 3 and the feeding rotor 2 is rotated, the powder particles in the feeding chamber 3 are fed by the feeding rotor 2. At this time, the recovery shutter 5 of the recovery port 4 is placed in the closed position A. When the powder particles are clogged in the feeding chamber 3 or the residue remaining in the feeding chamber 3 or the supply funnel 1 after the work is taken out from the recovery port 4, the rotation of the feeding rotor 2 is performed. Is stopped and the recovery shutter 5 is opened. At this time, the recovery shutter 5 is rotated from the closed position A to the inner side B to a predetermined position to crush the remaining powder particles in the feeding chamber 3. As a result, even if this residual granular material is hardened, it collapses. Then, when the recovery shutter 5 is rotated from the inner B position to the outer C position and the recovery port 4 is opened, the residual granular material is discharged from the recovery port 4.

  The collection shutter 5 is configured in a double form by an inner shutter 5B that is rotatable from the closed position A to the inner side B and an outer shutter 5C that is rotatable to the outer side C. The granular material accommodated in the supply funnel 1 is fed by the rotation of the feeding rotor 2 as described above, and can be recovered and discharged from the recovery port 4 by opening the recovery shutter 5. The recovery shutter 5 rotates the inner shutter 5B inward to press the powder particles located particularly on the side of the recovery port 5 of the feeding chamber 3 to collapse the bridge or the solidity. Here, the disintegrated powder particles are discharged by rotating the outer shutter 5C outward and opening the collection port 4.

  Such a granular material supply apparatus illustrates the case where it is used as a fertilizer application apparatus in a seedling planting machine. The seedling transplanter has an engine E, a driver's seat 8, a steering handle 9, and the like below the seat floor 7 arranged at the upper part of the vehicle body 6 to form a riding four-wheel drive traveling form, such as a front wheel 10 and a rear wheel 11 Have A multi-row planting device 14 is mounted on the rear side of the vehicle body 6 via a pair of upper and lower lift links 13 that are lifted and lowered by the expansion and contraction of the lift cylinder 12. The fertilizer application device 15 is attached to the rear side portion of the driver's seat 8 via the support frame 16 on the rear end portion of the vehicle body 6. Reference numeral 17 is a step floor, 18 is a side floor, 19 is a supplementary seedling stage, and 20 is a seedling planting marker.

  The seedling planting device 14 has a seedling planting frame 21 as a main body, a float 22 that slides on the soil surface is arranged on the lower side, and a seedling planting planted on the soil surface that is leveled by each float 22 on the rear side. A seedling tank 24 is disposed, and a seedling tank 24 that feeds and feeds the seedlings grown in a mat shape with a back slope to the working area of the seedling planting claws 23 while moving back and forth in the left and right directions is disposed at the top. . The center portion in the width direction of the seedling frame 21 is connected to a hitch link 26 at the rear end of the lift link 13 through a rolling shaft 25 so as to be freely rollable. A fertilizer guide 27 is provided at the leveling portion of each float 22 and communicates with a fertilizer hose 28 that guides the fertilizer fed out from the fertilizer application 15 side. The fertilizer guided from each fertilizer hose 28 is fertilized and guided into the soil by the fertilizer guide 27.

  The fertilizer applying device 15 guides the fertilizer supplied by the fertilizer supply funnel 1 containing the fertilizer, the feed rotor 2 that feeds the fertilizer supplied from the feed funnel 1, and the fertilizer fed by the rotation of the feed rotor 2 to the fertilizer hoses 28. It is comprised from the ventilation pipe 29, the collection | recovery shutter 5 for taking out and collect | recovering the fertilizer which remains in the delivery chamber 3 between each supply funnel 1 and the delivery rotor 2, and the collection | recovery pipe 30 grade | etc.,. Reference numeral 31 denotes a shutter that opens and closes each funnel port 32 of the supply funnel 1. By opening the shutter 31, the fertilizer in the supply funnel 1 flows down into the feeding chamber 3. The feeding rotor 2 is rotated integrally with the feeding shaft 33 that is transmitted and rotated to pump out the fertilizer to be fitted into the feeding recess 34 formed on the outer peripheral surface in the rotation direction. A brush 36 is provided on the wall of the feeding case 35 on the rotational direction side to keep the amount of pumping (feeding amount) of each feeding recess 34 constant. Reference numeral 37 denotes a drive shaft that transmits and rotates the feed shaft 33 through a gear. Reference numeral 38 denotes a feed outlet that opens at the lower end of each feed chamber 3, and is connected to a connection pipe 39 that branches from the blower pipe 29 to each fertilizer hose 28.

  A recovery port 4 is formed slightly downward on the rear side surface of each feeding chamber 3. A recovery shutter 5 is provided at the recovery port 4 so as to be rotatable around a shutter shaft 41. The recovery shutter 5 is configured in a double form of an inner shutter 5B on the inner side B and an outer shutter 5C on the outer side C, and the inner shutter 5B can be rotated to the inner side B at an appropriate angle by operating the lever 42. . The outer shutter 5C can rotate the shutter shaft 41 from the drive shaft 43 to the outer side C through the gear 44, the sector gear 45, and the like. The inner shutter 5 </ b> B has a discharge port 46 formed in the center, and the outer shutter 5 </ b> C is superposed on the outer side C of the discharge port 46 to maintain the closed position A of the shutter 5. A stepped stopper 47 is formed on the lower surface of the recovery port 4 facing the closed position A of the front edge of the inner shutter 5B, and the closed position A of the inner shutter 5B can be locked. Each recovery port 4 communicates with a recovery pipe 30, and this communication is performed via an elbow-shaped connecting cylinder 48.

  Part of the fertilizer that is fed from the feeding funnel 1 through the feeding chamber 3 to the feeding rotor 2 remains in the feeding chamber 3 to cause a bridging phenomenon or to be pressed. For this reason, even if the recovery port 4 is opened and discharged, the discharge may not be performed smoothly. In such a case, the state of the fertilizer causing the bridge phenomenon is collapsed by operating the lever 42 and rotating the inner shutter 5B to the inner side B. By the collapse of the solidified fertilizer, the fluidity of the fertilizer itself is smoothed, and then the inner shutter 5B is returned to the closed position A, and the outer shutter 5C is opened to the outer side C by the rotation of the drive shaft 43. The fertilizer flowing out from the discharge port 46 of the inner shutter 5B can be discharged from the recovery port 4 to the recovery pipe 30.

  Such a rotation operation to the inner side B of the inner shutter 5B is not only performed when the collection port 4 is opened, but is not collected from the collection port 4 and is not being collected from the collection port 4 during the feeding operation due to the rotation of the feeding rotor 2. It can be done even if there is. If a bridging phenomenon occurs in the fertilizer in the feeding chamber 3 while the feeding rotor 2 is rotating, the fertilizer is clogged without fertilization. Thus, the bridge phenomenon is broken by the inner B rotation of the inner shutter 5B, so that the feeding by the feeding rotor 2 can be performed smoothly and accurately.

  The supply funnel 1 is widely formed in a pair of left and right, and is configured to be viewed on the feeding chamber 3 and the feeding rotor 2 addressed to a plurality of seeds. Each supply funnel 1 is supported so as to be able to turn up and down around a support shaft 49 at the lower part of the rear side. When the supply funnel 1 is rotated to the rear side, the funnel port 32 can be removed upward from the feeding chamber 3 and opened. it can. The feeding shafts 33 of the respective feeding rotors 2 are connected through the entire width of the left and right, or connected in units of several units to rotate together. Similarly, the shutter shaft 41 such as the rotation of the inner shutter 5B by the lever 42 and the rotation of the outer shutter 5C by the drive shaft 43 is connected over the entire width or connected every several units. can do. The drive shaft 37 is provided through the entire width, and can rotate in conjunction with each feeding rotor 2 or several feeding rotors 2. The drive shafts 37 and 43 and the like can be transmitted from a part of the PTO shaft that transmits the seedling planting device 14 via the crank mechanism 50 and the clutch. For this reason, it is possible to select rotation of the feeding rotor 2 in the multi-row sowing form, opening / closing of the collection shutter 5, or the like. Further, one side end portion of the blower pipe 29 and the recovery pipe 30 is communicated with the blower 51 and can be forcedly blown. The fertilizer fed by the blown pressure is planted along the fertilizer hose 28 and the soil surface portion is planted. The residual fertilizer discharged from the feeding chamber 3 can be discharged along the recovery pipe 30 to the recovery port 52 on the other end side. Further, a switching valve 53 is provided at a branch portion from the blower 51 to the blower pipe 29 and the recovery pipe 30 so that the blower power by the single blower 51 can be effectively used. Reference numeral 54 denotes a motor for the blower 51.

  The outer shutter 5 </ b> C of each recovery port 4 can be opened and closed by rotating the drive shaft 43. When discharging the residual fertilizer in the feeding chamber 3 from the collection port 4, the inner shutter 5 </ b> B in which the remaining fertilizer in the feeding chamber 3 is in the closed position A is opened by rotating the outer shutters 5 </ b> C to the outer side C. It is discharged from the discharge port 46. The fertilizer that has flowed out from each recovery port 4 to the recovery pipe 30 is conveyed by the blowing pressure from the blower 51 and is taken out from the recovery discharge port 52 to an external container or the like. At this time, when there is a possibility that the residual fertilizer in the feeding chamber 3 may cause a bridge or in a solid state, the inner shutter 5B is rotated to the inner side B by the handle 42, and pressure is applied to the fertilizer. , Bridges, masses, etc. can be broken. When the lever 42 or the hand is released, the inner shutter 5B is returned to the closed position A by a return spring or the like, and the discharge port 46 is also closed by the outer shutter 5C at the closed position A. From this state, the outer shutter 5C can be rotated and opened as described above.

  In the illustrated example, the window shutter-shaped discharge port 46 is formed in the inner shutter 5B. However, the inner shutter 5B is not formed with the discharge port 46, and the inner and outer shutters are simply stacked in layers. Only the shutter can be rotated from the closed position A to the inner side B, and when the collection port 4 is opened, the inner shutter can be integrally rotated with the outer shutter to be opened. Moreover, the said collection shutter 5 can also be set as the structure which rotates from the closed position A to the inner side B or the outer side C as a single form.

  Next, the difference from the above example mainly based on FIG. 8 is that a wire-like scraping bar 58 is inserted and held along the recovery pipe 30 so that it can be rotated or pushed and pulled. This eliminates the clogging of transport. The scraper bar 58 can scrape the fertilizer by arranging an appropriate pin 59 in the middle, and has a stopper 60 at the tip, and is engaged with a guide 61 that supports and guides inside the recovery pipe 30. It is configured to prevent it from coming off. In addition, a handle 62 is provided at the base so that the scraper bar 58 can be easily operated from the recovery discharge port 52 side of the recovery pipe 30. A ventilation path is formed in the fertilizer layer clogged by the operation of such a scraping bar 58, and the recovery conveyance by the blowing pressure is performed smoothly.

  Next, the difference from the above example mainly based on FIG. 9 is that a clogging sensor 63 for detecting clogging of fertilizer is provided at a midway position of the fertilizer hose 28 for conveying the fertilizer by air. An air outlet 65 is formed in the sensor cylinder 64 connected to the fertilizer hose 28, and a lid 66 that is always closed by its own weight is pivotally supported 67 so as to be pivotable up and down, and the lid 66 is opened. The sensor switch 68 is turned ON or OFF, and the clogging of the lower fertilizer hose 28 can be detected. When the fertilizer is clogged, air for air conveyance is ejected outward from the air outlet 65, and the lid 66 is opened by this air pressure.

  Next, the difference from the above example mainly based on FIG. 10 is that the air flow is adjusted by interlocking the motor 54 of the blower 51 of the fertilizer application device 15 with the planting lift lever sensor 69 of the seedling planting device 14. It is configured. By reducing the air volume of the blower 51 when the planting lift lever 70 is turned off, the power consumption of the battery that drives the motor 54 can be reduced. The seedling planting machine is provided with a planting lift lever 70. By this operation, the lift cylinder 12 is operated to raise and lower the seedling planting device 14, and when it is lifted, the transmission to the seedling planting device 14 is cut off and lowered. In some cases, it is configured to link the transmission. The rotation of the motor 54 of the blower 51 is increased or decreased via the controller 71 by a sensor 69 that detects the operation position of the planting lift lever 70. When the seedling planting device 14 is placed in the ascending position, the fertilizing action is stopped, so that the rotation of the motor 54 is stopped or reduced. Further, when the seedling planting device 14 is lowered to perform the seedling planting operation, the motor 54 is rotated or accelerated in order to perform the fertilization operation. In the graph showing the relationship between the blower power (motor rotation) and the planting lift lever position, the rotation is a weak rotation at the ascending position of the seedling planting device 14 and the middle rotation even at the descending position and the planting clutch position. In either case, the rotation of the blower 51 is not stopped and the conveyance of the fertilizer is continued to prevent clogging.

  Next, mainly based on FIG. 11, the difference from the above example is that instead of the seedling planting marker 20 that can be projected to the front side of the vehicle body 6, a solid herbicide D molded into a ball shape is used as a marker pipe. The following seedling planting operation is performed while using the solid herbicide D applied to the soil surface as a mark. This solid herbicide D contains a powdered herbicide 74 in a water-soluble skin or capsule 73, and is formed into a ball of an appropriate size. Such a solid herbicide D is accommodated in a hopper 75 provided on the front portion of the vehicle body 6, and the adjacent seedling planting strips on the side of the vehicle body 6 are fed by a marker pipe 72 that is fed out from the hopper 75 portion. Drop one by one at regular intervals L. A drop valve 76 is intermittently opened and closed at a predetermined interval at the tip of the marker pipe 72 and is dropped one by one by this opening. The opening / closing interval of the drop valve 76 is set so as to be dropped at every fixed distance interval L depending on the vehicle speed or the like. Further, the marker pipe 72 can be configured so as to be shifted to the left and right. Moreover, it can be configured so as to project from both the left and right sides and fall to either side by the drop valve 76.

  Next, the difference from the above example mainly based on FIG. 12 is that the chemical solution is attached to the surface of the seedling feeding belt 77 provided at the bottom of the seedling tank 24 in order to disinfect the chemical solution (agent) at the base of the seedling. Thus, when the seedling feeding belt 77 supports and feeds the root portion of the seedling, the attached chemical solution is adhered to the root portion of the seedling. In order to attach the chemical solution to the rotating surface of the seedling feeding belt 77, a nozzle 78 for jetting the chemical solution is provided on a part of the seedling frame 21 that supports the seedling tank 24 so as to be capable of reciprocating left and right. . Instead of the configuration in which the chemical solution is sprayed to the feeding belt 77 with such a nozzle 78, a spray hole 79 is provided in the bottom of the seedling tank 24, and the seedling tank 24 has a spray hole 79 through the spray hole 79. It can comprise so that a chemical | medical solution may be sprayed directly on a seedling bottom part.

  Next, the difference from the above example mainly based on FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 is that the medicine spraying device 81 for disinfecting seedlings can be switched to the upper side of the seedling tank 24 and the rear side of the seedling planting claws 23. Is provided. This switching may be a hindrance to the type of medicine to be sprayed, the type of seedling, the spraying location, and the chemical spraying device 81 on the seedling tank 24. A support frame 82 is provided upward from the rear end portion of the seedling planting frame 21, and a pair of upper and lower support arms 83 are formed in a parallel link form on the support frame 82, and are configured to be turnable in the front-rear direction. The drug spraying device 81 is attached and supported between the distal ends of the support arms 83. The medicine spraying device 81 is appropriately narrower than the entire width of the seedling tank 24 and is opposed to the central portion. Since the seedling tank 24 is reciprocated left and right, the chemical spraying can be sprayed over the previous seedling tank 24. Further, the hopper 84 that contains the medicine, the feeding device 85, the spout 86, and the like can be fed and sprayed immediately below by the feeding device 85. When the medicine spraying device 81 is positioned on the seedling tank 24 side, the spraying port 86 is opposed to the upper part of the seedling feeding belt 77 of the seedling tank 24, and the upper part of the mat seedling that feeds the feeding belt 77 part. Sprinkle the drug. When the medicine spraying device 81 is moved rearward, the spraying port 86 faces the rear position of the seedling planting claw 23. When spraying the drug at this position, the drug solution is sprayed on the planted seedlings after being planted on the soil surface.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a feeding device for a fertilizer applicator for fertilizing fertilizer as a granular material, a chemical spreader for spraying agricultural chemicals, and a seeder for seeding crop seeds as granular material.

The side view of a part of recovery shutter. The action side view which shows the one part effect | action. The feeding apparatus part outer side view. The rear view. The plan view. The side view of the seedling planting machine which has the feeding apparatus. The plan view. The perspective view of the collection | recovery pipe part which shows another Example. Sectional drawing of the fertilization hose part which shows a part another example. The control block diagram of the blower motor part which shows another Example, and the graph which shows the control relationship. The top view of the seedling planting operation | work state which shows a part another example, and the rear view of the part. The side view of the seedling tank part which shows another Example. The side view of the seedling planting apparatus part which shows the another example. The plan view.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Supply funnel 2 Feeding rotor 3 Feeding chamber 4 Recovery port 5 Recovery shutter 5B Inner shutter 5C Outer shutter A Closed position B Inner C Outer

Claims (1)

A feeding chamber (3 ) formed between the supply funnel (1) that accommodates and supplies the powder and the feed rotor (2) that receives and feeds the powder supplied from the supply funnel (1). on the side of) the recovery port for discharging the residue remaining in the feeding chamber (3) (4), and a recovery shutter for opening and closing the collection port (4) (5) provided, the recovered shutter (5 ) Is configured in a double form by an inner shutter (5B) rotatable from the closed position (A) to the inner side (B) and an outer shutter (5C) rotatable to the outer side (C). A granular material feeding device .

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