JP2006145796A - Microscope - Google Patents

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JP2006145796A
JP2006145796A JP2004335257A JP2004335257A JP2006145796A JP 2006145796 A JP2006145796 A JP 2006145796A JP 2004335257 A JP2004335257 A JP 2004335257A JP 2004335257 A JP2004335257 A JP 2004335257A JP 2006145796 A JP2006145796 A JP 2006145796A
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microscope
aperture
aperture diameter
cam shaft
rotation
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Nobuhiro Shinada
伸宏 品田
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Nikon Corp
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Nikon Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a microscope which has aperture diameter according to magnification. <P>SOLUTION: The microscope has a cam shaft 55 which rotates by an operation from the outside, a lens transfer mechanism 20 which is engaged into cam grooves 56, 57 of the cam shaft 55 and transfers a second lens group 12 and a third lens group 13 for variable magnification in the optical axis direction by rotation of the cam shaft 55, an aperture diaphragm 30 whose aperture diameter changes and a diaphragm diameter change mechanism 40 which is engaged into the cam shaft 55 and changes the aperture diameter of the aperture diaphragm 30 by the rotation of the cam shaft 55. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、変倍光学系を備えている顕微鏡に関する。   The present invention relates to a microscope provided with a variable magnification optical system.

変倍光学系を備えている顕微鏡としては、例えば、以下の特許文献１に開示されているものがある。   An example of a microscope provided with a variable magnification optical system is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below.

この顕微鏡は、４つのレンズ群からなるズーム変倍光学系と、開口絞りとを備えている。一般的に、ズーミングに伴って、瞳位置が移動する場合、この瞳位置の移動に伴って発生する収差補正のために、対物レンズの構造が複雑になってしまうことがある。そこで、この特許文献１の技術では、対物レンズとズーム変倍光学系との間に、固定された物体側の瞳位置が存在するように光学系を設計し、この瞳位置の所に開口絞りを配置している。   This microscope includes a zoom variable power optical system including four lens groups and an aperture stop. In general, when the pupil position moves with zooming, the structure of the objective lens may become complicated due to the correction of aberrations that occur as the pupil position moves. Therefore, in the technique of Patent Document 1, the optical system is designed such that a fixed object-side pupil position exists between the objective lens and the zoom variable power optical system, and the aperture stop is located at this pupil position. Is arranged.

特開２００４−１８４８２５号 公報JP 2004-184825 A

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載の技術では、ズーム倍率に応じた最適な開口径を得ることができないという問題点がある。   However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that an optimum aperture diameter according to the zoom magnification cannot be obtained.

本発明は、このような従来技術の問題点に着目し、簡単な構造で、倍率に応じた開口径を得ることができる顕微鏡を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a microscope capable of obtaining an aperture diameter corresponding to a magnification with a simple structure by paying attention to such problems of the prior art.

前記課題を解決するための請求項１に係る発明の顕微鏡は、
変倍光学系を構成する複数の光学素子のうちの少なくとも一部の光学素子を移動させて倍率を変える顕微鏡において、
外部からの操作で動作する共通動作部材と、前記共通動作部材に係合し、該共通動作部材の動作で、前記少なくとも一部の光学素子を移動させて倍率を変える光学素子移動機構と、前記変倍光学系の光軸上に配置され、開口径が変わる開口絞りと、前記共通動作部材に係合し、該共通動作部材の動作で、前記光学素子移動機構の動作と連動して前記開口絞りの開口径を変える絞り径変更機構と、を備えていることを特徴とする。 The microscope of the invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is,
In a microscope that changes the magnification by moving at least some of the plurality of optical elements constituting the variable magnification optical system,
A common operating member that operates by an external operation, an optical element moving mechanism that engages with the common operating member, and moves the at least some of the optical elements to change a magnification by the operation of the common operating member; An aperture stop disposed on the optical axis of the variable magnification optical system, the aperture diameter of which varies, and the common operation member, and the operation of the common operation member interlocks with the operation of the optical element moving mechanism. And an aperture diameter changing mechanism for changing the aperture diameter of the aperture.

請求項２に係る発明の顕微鏡は、
請求項１に記載の顕微鏡において、
前記変倍光学系と観察対象との間に対物レンズが配置され、
前記開口絞りは、前記変倍光学系よりも、対物レンズ側に配置されていることを特徴とする。 The microscope of the invention according to claim 2 is:
The microscope according to claim 1,
An objective lens is disposed between the zoom optical system and the observation target,
The aperture stop is arranged closer to the objective lens than the zoom optical system.

請求項３に係る発明の顕微鏡は、
請求項１及び２のいずれか一項に記載の顕微鏡において、
前記共通動作部材は、前記変倍光学系の光軸と平行な方向に伸び、且つ前記外部からの操作で該光軸と平行な回転軸回りに回転するカム軸であり、
前記絞り径変更機構は、前記光軸を回転軸として回転して前記開口絞りの開口径を変える回転部材と、前記カム軸の回転を該回転部材に伝える回転伝達部材と、を有し、
前記カム軸には、前記光学素子移動機構が係合するカムが形成されていると共に、前記回転伝達部材が設けられていることを特徴とする。 The microscope of the invention according to claim 3 is:
In the microscope according to any one of claims 1 and 2,
The common operation member is a cam shaft that extends in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the variable magnification optical system and rotates around a rotation axis parallel to the optical axis by an operation from the outside.
The aperture diameter changing mechanism has a rotation member that rotates the optical axis as a rotation axis to change the aperture diameter of the aperture stop, and a rotation transmission member that transmits the rotation of the cam shaft to the rotation member,
The cam shaft is formed with a cam to be engaged with the optical element moving mechanism, and is provided with the rotation transmission member.

請求項４に係る発明の顕微鏡は、
請求項３に記載の顕微鏡において、
前記カム軸のカム形状は、前記開口絞りの開口径の変化に対して、該開口径に応じた最適な倍率が得られるよう、前記少なくとも一部の光学素子を移動させることができる形状であることを特徴とする。 The microscope of the invention according to claim 4 is:
The microscope according to claim 3,
The cam shape of the cam shaft is a shape that allows the at least some of the optical elements to move so as to obtain an optimum magnification according to the aperture diameter with respect to a change in the aperture diameter of the aperture stop. It is characterized by that.

請求項５に係る発明の顕微鏡は、
請求項３及び５のいずれか一項に記載の顕微鏡において、
前記回転伝達部材は、非円形歯車を有していることを特徴とする。 The microscope of the invention according to claim 5 is:
The microscope according to any one of claims 3 and 5,
The rotation transmission member has a non-circular gear.

本発明によれば、簡単な構造で、倍率に応じた開口径を得ることができる。   According to the present invention, an opening diameter corresponding to the magnification can be obtained with a simple structure.

以下、本発明に係る一実施形態としての顕微鏡について、図面を用いて説明する。   Hereinafter, a microscope according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本実施形態の顕微鏡は、図１に示すように、顕微鏡本体１と、試料８が載せられるベース５と、顕微鏡本体１をベース５に対して上下動させる上下動機構６と、を備えている。顕微鏡本体１は、対物レンズ部２と、ズーム変倍部３と、接眼レンズ鏡筒部４と、を有している。この顕微鏡では、ベース５上に載せられた試料８からの光束９が、対物レンズ部２、ズーム変倍部３、接眼レンズ鏡筒部４を通って結像する。また、この顕微鏡では、上下動機構６の焦準ノブ７を回して、ピント調整を行う。   As shown in FIG. 1, the microscope according to the present embodiment includes a microscope main body 1, a base 5 on which a sample 8 is placed, and a vertical movement mechanism 6 that moves the microscope main body 1 up and down relative to the base 5. . The microscope main body 1 includes an objective lens unit 2, a zoom magnification unit 3, and an eyepiece lens barrel unit 4. In this microscope, the light beam 9 from the sample 8 placed on the base 5 forms an image through the objective lens unit 2, the zoom magnification unit 3, and the eyepiece lens barrel unit 4. In this microscope, the focusing knob 7 of the vertical movement mechanism 6 is turned to adjust the focus.

ズーム変倍部３は、図２及び図３に示すように、第１〜第４レンズ群１１〜１４からなるズーム変倍光学系と、このズーム変倍光学系の第２及び第３レンズ群１２，１３を移動させるレンズ移動機構２０と、開口径が変わる開口絞り３０と、この開口絞り３０の開口径を変える絞り径変更機構４０と、レンズ移動機構２０及び絞り径変更機構４０を連動させて動作させる共通動作機構５０と、これらを収納する筐体６０と、を備えている。なお、図２は、図１におけるII−II線断面図で、図３は、図２におけるIII− III線断面図である。   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the zoom variable magnification unit 3 includes a zoom variable magnification optical system including the first to fourth lens groups 11 to 14, and the second and third lens groups of the zoom variable magnification optical system. The lens moving mechanism 20 for moving the lenses 12 and 13, the aperture stop 30 for changing the aperture diameter, the aperture diameter changing mechanism 40 for changing the aperture diameter of the aperture stop 30, the lens moving mechanism 20 and the aperture diameter changing mechanism 40 are interlocked. And a common operation mechanism 50 to be operated, and a housing 60 for storing them. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

この顕微鏡は、対物レンズ部２の対物レンズとズーム変倍部３のズーム変倍光学系との間に、固定された物体側の瞳位置が存在するように光学系が設計されており、この瞳位置、すなわち、対物レンズの後側焦点面の位置であって、ズーム変倍部３の筐体６０内に、前述の開口絞り３０が配置されている。   In this microscope, the optical system is designed so that a fixed object-side pupil position exists between the objective lens of the objective lens unit 2 and the zoom variable power optical system of the zoom variable power unit 3. The above-described aperture stop 30 is arranged in the pupil position, that is, the position of the rear focal plane of the objective lens, and in the housing 60 of the zoom magnification changing unit 3.

レンズ移動機構２０は、ズーム変倍光学系の回りに、このズーム変倍光学系の光軸と平行に配置されているガイド棒２１ａ，２１ｂ，２１ｂと、このガイド棒２１ａ，２１ｂ，２１ｂに対して相対移動可能に設けられている第２レンズ群枠２２及び第３レンズ群枠２３と、を有している。なお、第１レンズ群１１及び第４レンズ群１４は、いずれも筐体６０に固定されている。   The lens moving mechanism 20 is arranged around the zoom variable magnification optical system with respect to the guide rods 21a, 21b, 21b disposed in parallel with the optical axis of the zoom variable magnification optical system, and the guide rods 21a, 21b, 21b. The second lens group frame 22 and the third lens group frame 23 are provided so as to be relatively movable. The first lens group 11 and the fourth lens group 14 are both fixed to the housing 60.

共通動作機構５０は、観察者が直接操作するズームノブ５１，５１と、このズームノブ５１，５１が両端に固定されているズームノブ軸５２と、このズームノブ軸５２に固定されている第１かさ歯車５３と、この第１かさ歯車５３に係合する第２かさ歯車５４と、この第２かさ歯車５４が固定されているカム軸５５（図３参照）と、を有している。ズームノブ軸５２は、筐体６０の上部に回転可能に設けられている。カム軸５５は、ズーム変倍光学系の光軸に対して平行な方向に伸び、且つこの光軸と平行な仮想回転軸回りに回転可能に、筐体６０内に配置されている。このカム軸５５の接眼レンズ鏡筒部４側には、つまりカム軸５５の上端部には、前述の第２かさ歯車５４が固定され、その下端部（変倍光学系に対する対物レンズ側）には、絞り変更機構４０の一部である平歯車４１が固定されている。また、このカム軸５５の外周には、第２レンズ群枠２２が係合する第２レンズ群用カム溝５６、及び第３レンズ群枠２３が係合する第３レンズ群用カム溝５７が形成されている。   The common operation mechanism 50 includes zoom knobs 51 and 51 that are directly operated by an observer, a zoom knob shaft 52 that is fixed to both ends of the zoom knobs 51 and 51, and a first bevel gear 53 that is fixed to the zoom knob shaft 52. The second bevel gear 54 that engages with the first bevel gear 53 and the cam shaft 55 (see FIG. 3) to which the second bevel gear 54 is fixed. The zoom knob shaft 52 is rotatably provided on the upper portion of the housing 60. The cam shaft 55 is disposed in the housing 60 so as to extend in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the zoom variable power optical system and to rotate about a virtual rotation axis parallel to the optical axis. The above-mentioned second bevel gear 54 is fixed to the eyepiece lens barrel portion 4 side of the cam shaft 55, that is, to the upper end portion of the cam shaft 55, and to the lower end portion (the objective lens side with respect to the variable power optical system). The spur gear 41 which is a part of the aperture changing mechanism 40 is fixed. Further, on the outer periphery of the cam shaft 55, there are a second lens group cam groove 56 with which the second lens group frame 22 is engaged and a third lens group cam groove 57 with which the third lens group frame 23 is engaged. Is formed.

以上の構成により、ズームノブ５１を回転させると、ズームノブ軸５２、第１及び第２かさ歯車５３，５４、カム軸５５が回転し、このカム軸５５のカム溝５６，５７に係合している第２レンズ群枠２２及び第３レンズ群枠２３がそれぞれガイド棒２１ａ，２１ｂ，２１ｂに沿って、光軸と平行な方向に移動する。この結果、この顕微鏡の倍率が変わる。また、カム軸５５の回転により、以下で詳細に説明する絞り変更機構４０が動作して、開口絞り３０の開口径が変わる。つまり、ズームノブ５１を回転させると、共通動作部材であるカム軸５５が回転して、顕微鏡の倍率が変わると共に、これに連動して、開口絞り３０の開口径が変わる。   With the above configuration, when the zoom knob 51 is rotated, the zoom knob shaft 52, the first and second bevel gears 53 and 54, and the cam shaft 55 are rotated and engaged with the cam grooves 56 and 57 of the cam shaft 55. The second lens group frame 22 and the third lens group frame 23 move in the direction parallel to the optical axis along the guide rods 21a, 21b, and 21b, respectively. As a result, the magnification of this microscope changes. Further, the rotation of the camshaft 55 operates the diaphragm changing mechanism 40 described in detail below, and the aperture diameter of the aperture diaphragm 30 changes. That is, when the zoom knob 51 is rotated, the cam shaft 55 that is a common operation member is rotated, and the magnification of the microscope is changed, and the aperture diameter of the aperture stop 30 is changed in conjunction with this.

開口絞り３０は、図４及び図５に示すように、複数の絞り羽根３１，３１，…で構成されている。各絞り羽根３１には、その表面（ズーム変倍光学系側の面）であって、長手方向の一方の端部に表側ピン３２が設けられていると共に、その裏面（対物レンズ側の面）であって、長手方向の他方の端部に裏側ピン３３が設けられている。   As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the aperture stop 30 is composed of a plurality of stop blades 31, 31,. Each diaphragm blade 31 is provided with a front side pin 32 at one end in the longitudinal direction on the front surface (a surface on the zoom variable power optical system side) and on the back surface (a surface on the objective lens side). And the back side pin 33 is provided in the other edge part of the longitudinal direction.

絞り径変更機構４０は、図３に示すように、カム軸５５の下端部に固定されている前述の平歯車４１と、この平歯車４１の回転で、ズーム変倍光学系の光軸を中心として回転する回転部材４２と、筐体６０の下部（変倍光学系に対する対物レンズ側）に固定されている固定部材４６と、を有している。回転部材４２及び固定部材４６は、図４及び図５に示すように、いずれも、対物レンズからズーム変倍光学系へ至る光の光路が確保できるように、対物レンズ及びズーム変倍光学系の光軸を中心とした円形の開口４３，４７が形成されている。回転部材４２には、その外周に、平歯車４１と係合する歯４４が形成され、この回転部材４２も平歯車を形成している。また、この回転部材４２には、ズーム変倍光学系の光軸を基準として放射方向に伸びる長孔４５が絞り羽根３１の数量分形成されている。固定部材４６には、絞り羽根３１の数量分のピン孔４８がズーム光学系の光軸を中心として同一円周上に形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 3, the aperture diameter changing mechanism 40 has the above-described spur gear 41 fixed to the lower end portion of the cam shaft 55 and the rotation of the spur gear 41 to center the optical axis of the zoom variable power optical system. And a fixed member 46 fixed to the lower part of the housing 60 (on the objective lens side with respect to the variable magnification optical system). As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotating member 42 and the fixing member 46 are both of the objective lens and the zoom variable power optical system so that an optical path from the objective lens to the zoom variable power optical system can be secured. Circular openings 43 and 47 centering on the optical axis are formed. The rotating member 42 is formed with teeth 44 that engage with the spur gear 41 on the outer periphery thereof, and the rotating member 42 also forms a spur gear. The rotating member 42 is formed with a number of elongated holes 45 extending in the radial direction with respect to the optical axis of the zoom variable power optical system. Pin holes 48 corresponding to the number of diaphragm blades 31 are formed in the fixed member 46 on the same circumference with the optical axis of the zoom optical system as the center.

前述の絞り羽根３１の表側ピン３２は、回転部材４２の長孔４５に嵌まり込んでおり、絞り羽根３１の裏側ピン３３は、固定部材４６のピン穴４８に嵌り込んでいる。   The front side pin 32 of the diaphragm blade 31 is fitted into the long hole 45 of the rotating member 42, and the back side pin 33 of the diaphragm blade 31 is fitted into the pin hole 48 of the fixing member 46.

以上の構成により、回転部材４２が回転すると、固定部材４６のピン孔４８に嵌り込んでいる絞り羽根３１の裏側ピン３３は移動しないものの、回転部材４２の長孔４５に嵌り込んでいる絞り羽根３１の表側ピン３２は、この長孔４５が伸びている方向、つまり光軸に対して放射方向に移動する。この結果、各絞り羽根３１は、裏側ピン３３を中心として、表側ピン３２が光軸に対して放射方向に揺動して、複数の絞り羽根３１で形成される開口の径が変化する。   With the above configuration, when the rotating member 42 rotates, the rear side pin 33 of the diaphragm blade 31 fitted in the pin hole 48 of the fixed member 46 does not move, but the diaphragm blade fitted in the elongated hole 45 of the rotating member 42. The front side pin 32 of 31 moves in the radial direction with respect to the direction in which the long hole 45 extends, that is, the optical axis. As a result, in each aperture blade 31, the front side pin 32 swings in the radial direction with respect to the optical axis about the back side pin 33, and the diameter of the opening formed by the plurality of aperture blades 31 changes.

ここで、カム軸５５に形成されているカム溝５６，５７の形状について説明する。一般的に、一つの部材に２以上のカム溝を形成する場合、この部材の回転角度とカム溝の変位量との関係は、２以上のカム溝のうち、少なくとも一つのカム溝が線形の関係で、残りのカム溝が非線形の関係にすることが多い。これは、線形関係のカム溝を形成する方が加工上容易であるからである。   Here, the shape of the cam grooves 56 and 57 formed in the cam shaft 55 will be described. In general, when two or more cam grooves are formed in one member, the relationship between the rotation angle of the member and the displacement of the cam groove is that at least one of the two or more cam grooves is linear. In many cases, the remaining cam grooves are in a non-linear relationship. This is because it is easier in processing to form a linear cam groove.

そこで、以上の関係を本実施形態に仮に適用した場合、具体的には、図６に示すように、カム軸５５の回転角度とカム溝５６，５７の変位量との関係を、第２レンズ群用カム溝５６（同図中、実線で示す）については線形とし、第３レンズ群用カム溝５７（同図中、破線で示す）については非線形とした場合、カム軸５５の回転角度に対する開口絞り３０の開口径の変化量（同図中、一点破線で示す）が本実施形態の構成では線形であるため、顕微鏡の倍率に応じた最適な開口径（同図中、点線で示す）を得ることができない。   Therefore, when the above relationship is temporarily applied to the present embodiment, specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the relationship between the rotation angle of the cam shaft 55 and the displacement amount of the cam grooves 56 and 57 is expressed by the second lens. When the group cam groove 56 (shown by a solid line in the figure) is linear and the third lens group cam groove 57 (shown by a broken line in the figure) is non-linear, the rotation angle of the cam shaft 55 is not affected. Since the amount of change in the aperture diameter of the aperture stop 30 (shown by a one-dot broken line in the figure) is linear in the configuration of the present embodiment, the optimum aperture diameter according to the magnification of the microscope (shown by a dotted line in the figure) Can't get.

そこで、本実施形態では、開口絞り３０の開口径の線形的な変化に対して、開口径に応じた最適な倍率が得られるよう、各カム溝５６，５７の形状を設計した結果、カム軸５５の回転角度とカム溝５６，５７の変位量との関係が、図７に示すように、第２レンズ群用カム溝５６（同図中、実線で示す）についても、第３レンズ群用カム溝５７（同図中、破線で示す）についても、非線形になった。つまり、本実施形態では、カム軸５５の回転角度に対する開口絞り３０の開口径（同図中、一点破線で示す）が線形的に変化しても、開口径に応じた最適な倍率、言い換えると、倍率に応じた最適な開口径を得ることができる。   Therefore, in this embodiment, as a result of designing the shapes of the cam grooves 56 and 57 so as to obtain an optimum magnification according to the aperture diameter with respect to a linear change in the aperture diameter of the aperture stop 30, the cam shaft As shown in FIG. 7, the relationship between the rotation angle 55 and the displacement amount of the cam grooves 56 and 57 is the same as that for the second lens group cam groove 56 (shown by the solid line in FIG. 7). The cam groove 57 (shown by a broken line in the figure) is also non-linear. That is, in the present embodiment, even if the aperture diameter of the aperture stop 30 (shown by a one-dot broken line in the figure) with respect to the rotation angle of the cam shaft 55 changes linearly, the optimum magnification according to the aperture diameter, in other words, An optimum opening diameter corresponding to the magnification can be obtained.

以上のように、本実施形態では、レンズ移動機構２０の動作に伴って、絞り径変更機構４０が動作するので、倍率に応じた開口径を得ることができる。しかも、本実施形態では、共通動作部材であるカム軸５５の回転で、レンズ移動機構２０及び絞り径変更機構４０を動作させているので、簡単な構造で、上記効果を得ることができる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the aperture diameter changing mechanism 40 operates in accordance with the operation of the lens moving mechanism 20, so that an aperture diameter corresponding to the magnification can be obtained. In addition, in the present embodiment, since the lens moving mechanism 20 and the aperture diameter changing mechanism 40 are operated by the rotation of the cam shaft 55 that is a common operating member, the above effects can be obtained with a simple structure.

なお、以上の実施形態では、倍率に応じた最適な開口径を得るために、カム軸５５に形成した２つのカム溝５６，５７の形状をいずれも非線形としたが、カム軸５５の回転角度と開口絞り３０の開口径の変化量との関係を非線形にすれば、２つのカム溝５６，５７のうち、一方のカム溝の形状を線形とし、他方のカム溝を非線形とすることも可能である。   In the above embodiment, in order to obtain an optimum opening diameter corresponding to the magnification, the shapes of the two cam grooves 56 and 57 formed in the cam shaft 55 are both non-linear, but the rotation angle of the cam shaft 55 If the relationship between the aperture and the amount of change in the aperture diameter of the aperture stop 30 is made non-linear, one of the two cam grooves 56 and 57 can be made linear and the other cam groove made non-linear. It is.

具体的に、カム軸５５の回転角度と開口絞り３０の開口径の変化量との関係を非線形にする方法としては、図４及び図５に示す回転部材４２の長孔４５の形状を、光軸に対して放射方向に直線的に伸ばさず、放射方向に曲線的に伸ばす方法や、歯車である回転部材４２及びカム軸５５の下部に固定されている歯車４１として、それぞれ、図８に示すような非円形歯車を採用すればよい。この非円形歯車としては、歯列が非円形である歯車（同図（ａ））や、その回転中心が偏芯している歯車（同図（ｂ））のいずれであっても良い。要は、歯車の回転軸を中心として円周上に歯列が形成されていない歯車であればよい。   Specifically, as a method of making the relationship between the rotation angle of the cam shaft 55 and the amount of change in the aperture diameter of the aperture stop 30 nonlinear, the shape of the long hole 45 of the rotating member 42 shown in FIGS. FIG. 8 shows a method of extending in a radial direction with respect to the shaft without extending linearly in a radial direction, and a gear 41 fixed to the lower portion of the rotating member 42 and the cam shaft 55 that are gears. Such a non-circular gear may be employed. The non-circular gear may be either a gear having a non-circular tooth row (FIG. 1A) or a gear having an eccentric rotation center (FIG. 1B). In short, any gear may be used as long as the tooth row is not formed on the circumference around the rotation axis of the gear.

また、本実施形態では、変倍光学系としてズーム変倍光学系を用いているが、本発明は、これに限定されるものではなく、例えば、スライダーやターレットに倍率の異なる複数の変倍レンズを設け、各変倍レンズをそれぞれ観察光路中に配置可能にすることで、変倍を実現するものであってもよい。   In this embodiment, the zoom variable magnification optical system is used as the variable magnification optical system. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a plurality of variable magnification lenses having different magnifications for sliders and turrets. The zooming may be realized by providing each zooming lens in the observation optical path.

本発明に係る一実施形態として顕微鏡の側面図である。It is a side view of a microscope as one embodiment concerning the present invention. 図１におけるII−II線断面図である。It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line in FIG. 図２におけるIII−III線断面図である。It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line in FIG. 本発明に係る一実施形態としての開口絞り及び絞り変更機構の展開斜視図（開口径が最大の状態）である。1 is a developed perspective view (a state in which an aperture diameter is maximum) of an aperture stop and an aperture changing mechanism as an embodiment according to the present invention. 本発明に係る一実施形態としての開口絞り及び絞り変更機構の展開斜視図（開口径が最小の状態）である。It is an expansion perspective view (state where an opening diameter is the minimum) of an aperture stop and a diaphragm change mechanism as one embodiment concerning the present invention. 本発明に係る一実施形態の比較例としてのカム軸の回転角度に対する、第２レンズ群用カム溝、第３レンズ群用カム溝及び開口径の変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the change of the cam groove for 2nd lens groups, the cam groove for 3rd lens groups, and the opening diameter with respect to the rotation angle of the cam shaft as a comparative example of one embodiment concerning the present invention. 本発明に係る第一の実施形態としてのカム軸の回転角度に対する、第２レンズ群用カム溝、第３レンズ群用カム溝及び開口径の変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the change of the cam groove for 2nd lens groups, the cam groove for 3rd lens groups, and the aperture diameter with respect to the rotation angle of the cam shaft as 1st embodiment which concerns on this invention. 非円形歯車を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows a non-circular gearwheel.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１：顕微鏡本体 ３：ズーム変倍部
１１：第１レンズ群 １２：第２レンズ群
１３：第３レンズ群 １４：第４レンズ群
２０：レンズ移動機構 ２１ａ，２１ｂ：ガイド棒
２２：第２レンズ群枠 ２３：第３レンズ群枠
３０：開口絞り ３１：絞り羽根
４０：絞り変更機構 ４１：平歯車
４２：回転部材 ４６：固定部材
５０：共通動作機構 ５１：ズームノブ
５５：カム軸 ５６：第２レンズ群用カム溝
５７：第３レンズ群用カム溝 ６０：筐体 1: Microscope main body 3: Zoom zoom unit 11: First lens group 12: Second lens group 13: Third lens group 14: Fourth lens group 20: Lens moving mechanism 21a, 21b: Guide rod 22: Second lens Group frame 23: Third lens group frame 30: Aperture stop 31: Aperture blade 40: Aperture changing mechanism 41: Spur gear 42: Rotating member 46: Fixed member 50: Common operating mechanism 51: Zoom knob 55: Cam shaft 56: Second Lens group cam groove 57: Third lens group cam groove 60: Housing

Claims (5)

変倍光学系を構成する複数の光学素子のうちの少なくとも一部の光学素子を移動させて倍率を変える顕微鏡において、
外部からの操作で動作する共通動作部材と、
前記共通動作部材に係合し、該共通動作部材の動作で、前記少なくとも一部の光学素子を移動させて倍率を変える光学素子移動機構と、
前記変倍光学系の光軸上に配置され、開口径が変わる開口絞りと、
前記共通動作部材に係合し、該共通動作部材の動作で、前記光学素子移動機構の動作と連動して前記開口絞りの開口径を変える絞り径変更機構と、
を備えていることを特徴とする顕微鏡。 In a microscope that changes the magnification by moving at least some of the plurality of optical elements constituting the variable magnification optical system,
A common motion member that is operated by an external operation;
An optical element moving mechanism that engages with the common operating member and moves the at least some of the optical elements to change the magnification by the operation of the common operating member;
An aperture stop disposed on the optical axis of the variable magnification optical system, the aperture diameter of which varies,
An aperture diameter changing mechanism that engages with the common operating member and changes the aperture diameter of the aperture stop in conjunction with the operation of the optical element moving mechanism by the operation of the common operating member;
A microscope comprising: 請求項１に記載の顕微鏡において、
前記変倍光学系と観察対象との間に対物レンズが配置され、
前記開口絞りは、前記変倍光学系よりも、対物レンズ側に配置されている、
ことを特徴とする顕微鏡。 The microscope according to claim 1,
An objective lens is disposed between the zoom optical system and the observation target,
The aperture stop is disposed closer to the objective lens than the zoom optical system,
A microscope characterized by that. 請求項１及び２のいずれか一項に記載の顕微鏡において、
前記共通動作部材は、前記変倍光学系の光軸と平行な方向に伸び、且つ前記外部からの操作で該光軸と平行な回転軸回りに回転するカム軸であり、
前記絞り径変更機構は、前記光軸を回転軸として回転して前記開口絞りの開口径を変える回転部材と、前記カム軸の回転を該回転部材に伝える回転伝達部材と、を有し、
前記カム軸には、前記光学素子移動機構が係合するカムが形成されていると共に、前記回転伝達部材が設けられている、
ことを特徴とする顕微鏡。 In the microscope according to any one of claims 1 and 2,
The common operation member is a cam shaft that extends in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the variable magnification optical system and rotates around a rotation axis parallel to the optical axis by an operation from the outside.
The aperture diameter changing mechanism has a rotation member that rotates the optical axis as a rotation axis to change the aperture diameter of the aperture stop, and a rotation transmission member that transmits the rotation of the cam shaft to the rotation member,
The cam shaft is formed with a cam that engages with the optical element moving mechanism, and the rotation transmission member is provided.
A microscope characterized by that. 請求項３に記載の顕微鏡において、
前記カム軸のカム形状は、前記開口絞りの開口径の変化に対して、該開口径に応じた最適な倍率が得られるよう、前記少なくとも一部の光学素子を移動させることができる形状である、
ことを特徴とする顕微鏡。 The microscope according to claim 3,
The cam shape of the cam shaft is a shape that allows the at least some of the optical elements to move so as to obtain an optimum magnification according to the aperture diameter with respect to a change in the aperture diameter of the aperture stop. ,
A microscope characterized by that. 請求項３及び５のいずれか一項に記載の顕微鏡において、
前記回転伝達部材は、非円形歯車を有している、
ことを特徴とする顕微鏡。 The microscope according to any one of claims 3 and 5,
The rotation transmission member has a non-circular gear,
A microscope characterized by that.
JP2004335257A 2004-11-19 2004-11-19 Microscope Pending JP2006145796A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112799205A (en) * 2019-11-12 2021-05-14 昆明明汇光学有限公司 Quadruple ratio zoom eyepiece

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JPS6420513A (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-24 Olympus Optical Co Zooming mechanism for zoom lens
JPS6440822A (en) * 1987-08-05 1989-02-13 Olympus Optical Co Zoom mechanism for camera
JPH11142710A (en) * 1997-11-10 1999-05-28 Topcon Corp Variable power optical device
JP2003156777A (en) * 2001-11-21 2003-05-30 Olympus Optical Co Ltd Diaphragm device for optical equipment
JP2004184825A (en) * 2002-12-05 2004-07-02 Nikon Corp Zoom imaging lens and microscope using same

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6420513A (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-24 Olympus Optical Co Zooming mechanism for zoom lens
JPS6440822A (en) * 1987-08-05 1989-02-13 Olympus Optical Co Zoom mechanism for camera
JPH11142710A (en) * 1997-11-10 1999-05-28 Topcon Corp Variable power optical device
JP2003156777A (en) * 2001-11-21 2003-05-30 Olympus Optical Co Ltd Diaphragm device for optical equipment
JP2004184825A (en) * 2002-12-05 2004-07-02 Nikon Corp Zoom imaging lens and microscope using same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112799205A (en) * 2019-11-12 2021-05-14 昆明明汇光学有限公司 Quadruple ratio zoom eyepiece

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