JP2011070119A - Parallel system stereomicroscope and lens drive mechanism for microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stereomicroscope that makes left brightness and right brightness equal and has an inter-optical-axis distance-varying function without increasing the size of the body of the stereomicroscope, and to provide a lens drive mechanism for a microscope, which achieves the stereomicroscope. <P>SOLUTION: The parallel system stereomicroscope 20 includes: an object lens 6; and a variable lens barrel 10 disposed on the image side of the objective lens 6 and having a variable magnification optical system. The variable power lens barrel 10 has: a first driving means for moving a pair of lenses, right and left, which is the variable magnification optical systems, in a direction along the optical axis; a second driving means for moving the pair of lenses in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis so as to change the distance between the optical axes of the pair of lenses; and a driving member for driving the first drive means and a second drive means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a parallel system stereomicroscope and a lens driving mechanism of a microscope used therefor.

  In recent years, with the diversification of applications, the numerical aperture of a parallel stereo microscope (hereinafter simply referred to as a stereo microscope) that can observe a wide zoom range with a single device, and zoom Although the distance between the left and right optical axes is fixed in the conventional stereomicroscope, if a higher numerical aperture is required, the left and right lens systems of the stereomicroscope are The lens diameter of each lens must be designed to be large, and as a result, the size of the entire stereomicroscope may be increased. In order to solve this problem, a stereo microscope has been proposed in which the left and right lens systems arranged on the image plane side of the objective lens have different diameters and achieve a high numerical aperture without increasing the overall size of the stereo microscope. (See Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-65651 A

  However, the conventional stereomicroscope has a problem in that the left and right lens systems have different diameters, and thus the left and right brightness is different.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a stereomicroscope that can make the left and right brightness equal and has a function of changing the distance between the optical axes without causing an increase in the size of the stereomicroscope main body, and a lens driving mechanism for the microscope that realizes this. And

  In order to solve the above problems, a stereomicroscope according to the present invention includes an objective lens and a variable magnification lens barrel that is disposed on the image side of the objective lens and has a variable magnification optical system. First drive means for moving the pair of left and right lenses, which are the variable magnification optical system, in a direction along the optical axis, and the light of the pair of left and right lenses in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. It is characterized by comprising second driving means for moving so as to change the inter-axis distance, the first driving means, and a driving member for driving the second driving means.

  Further, the microscope lens driving mechanism according to the present invention includes a first driving means for moving a pair of left and right lenses included in the zoom optical system in a direction along the optical axis of the zoom optical system, Second driving means for moving the pair of left and right lenses so as to change the distance between the optical axes of the pair of left and right lenses in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis; and the first driving means and the second driving means; And a driving member for driving.

  According to the present invention, a stereomicroscope having a function of changing the distance between optical axes that can equalize the left and right brightness and can change the distance between the optical axes without causing an increase in the size of the stereomicroscope main body, and realize this A microscope lens driving mechanism can be provided.

It is a schematic structure side view of a microscope concerning an embodiment of this application. (A) and (b) are respectively a cross-sectional view of the variable magnification barrel of the stereomicroscope along the line AA in FIG. 1 in the high magnification end state, and a line AA in FIG. 1 in the low magnification end state. It is sectional drawing of the variable magnification barrel of the stereomicroscope along. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the variable magnification lens barrel along the BB line of Fig.2 (a). It is a cross-sectional view of the variable magnification barrel along the line CC in FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of the variable magnification barrel along the line DD in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the variable magnification lens barrel along the EE line of FIG. (A), (b) is a figure which shows the structure of the variable power optical system of a high magnification end state, respectively, and is a figure which shows the structure of the variable magnification optical system of a low magnification end state.

  Hereinafter, a stereomicroscope according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only for facilitating understanding of the invention, and exclude additions and substitutions that can be performed by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. Is not intended.

(Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a stereomicroscope according to an embodiment of the present application.

  A stereomicroscope according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 1, a stereomicroscope 20 has a stage 2 on which a specimen 1 is placed on a gantry 3, and the objective lens 6 of the stereomicroscope main body 5 is placed on the stage 2 via a column 4 on the gantry 3. It arrange | positions so that it may oppose. A focusing mechanism 8 including a focusing handle 7 for moving the stereomicroscope main body 5 up and down in the direction of the optical axis of the objective lens 6 to focus is disposed on the support column 4. The stereomicroscope main body 5 has a variable magnification lens barrel 10 having a variable magnification optical system, and a plurality of lenses in the variable magnification optical system are manually moved in a direction along the optical axis and in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. A pair of left and right zooming handles 9a, 9b for movement are provided.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a binocular tube located at the upper part of the stereomicroscope main body 5, and an eyepiece 12 is attached obliquely upward to the front. The lens barrel 11 may be a trinocular tube that can be mounted with a digital camera or the like.

  Next, the configuration of the zoom mechanism of the zoom lens barrel 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  2 (a) and 2 (b) are a cross-sectional view of the variable magnification barrel of the stereomicroscope along line AA in FIG. 1 in the high magnification end state, and AA in FIG. 1 in the low magnification end state, respectively. It is sectional drawing of the variable magnification barrel of a stereomicroscope along the line. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the variable magnification barrel 10 taken along the line BB in FIG. 2A, and FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the variable magnification barrel 10 taken along the line CC in FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the zoom lens barrel taken along line DD in FIG. 2A, and FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the zoom lens barrel 10 taken along line EE in FIG. is there. FIGS. 7A and 7B are a diagram showing a configuration of a variable magnification optical system in a high magnification end state and a diagram showing a configuration of a variable magnification optical system in a low magnification end state, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (a), 2 (b), 7 (a), and 7 (b), the left and right observations are provided on the housing 10a of the variable magnification barrel 10 of the stereomicroscope 20 according to the present embodiment. On the optical path, in order from the object side, first lens groups 30 and 30 having positive refractive power, second lens groups 32 and 32 having negative refractive power, third lens groups 34 and 34 having positive refractive power, and first lenses having negative refractive power. A variable magnification optical system having a four-group structure including four lens groups 36 and 36 is disposed. The first to fourth lens groups on the left and right observation optical paths have the same left and right lens diameters.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, in the present embodiment, the second lens groups 32 and 32 and the third lens groups 34 and 34 are configured to be movable along the optical axis of the variable magnification optical system. The first lens groups 30 and 30 and the fourth lens groups 36 and 36 are fixed to the object-side end surface 10b and the image-side end surface 10c of the housing 10a by fixing members (not shown), respectively. In this specification, “object side” indicates the sample 1 side on the gantry 3 and “image side” indicates the binocular tube 11 side.

  Under such a configuration, for example, when zooming from the high magnification end state shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 7 (a) to the low magnification end state shown in FIGS. 2 (b) and 7 (b), The second lens groups 32 and 32 move from the image side to the object side, and the third lens groups 34 and 34 move from the object side to the image side, respectively.

  Two guide shafts 38a and 38b are arranged in the housing 10a along the optical axis direction. On the guide shafts 38a and 38b, vertical movement members 40a and 40b, which will be described later, are slidably mounted on the guide shafts 38a and 38b, respectively, and the second lens groups 32 and 32 are disposed on the vertical movement member 40a. The third lens group 34 is disposed on the vertical movement member 40b.

  Between the two guide shafts 38a and 38b, a cylindrical cam 42 is disposed along the optical axis direction. A pair of upper and lower spiral first cam grooves 42a and 42b are formed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical cam 42, and the first cam groove 42a is used for the movement of the second lens groups 32 and 32 along the optical axis direction. The first cam groove 42b is used for the movement of the third lens groups 34, 34 along the optical axis direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A, 2B, zooming handles 9a, 9b are rotatably provided on the left and right sides of the housing 10a of the zooming lens barrel 10, and the zooming handle 9a, 9b is integrally connected by a connecting shaft 9c. The connecting shaft 9 c is arranged in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical cam 42 in the vicinity of the image side end portion of the cylindrical cam 42.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the housing 10a is provided with power transmission means 50 for transmitting rotation from the connecting shaft 9c to the cylindrical cam 42. In the power transmission means 50, the first bevel gear 51 provided on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft 9c with the connecting shaft 9c as the center and the second bevel gear 52 arranged at right angles to the axis of the first bevel gear 51 are meshed with each other. is doing. The teeth 52 a formed on the outer peripheral portion of the upper side surface of the second bevel gear 52 mesh with the teeth of the gear 53 attached to the image side end of the cylindrical cam 42. With such a configuration, when the variable magnification handles 9a and 9b are rotated to rotate the connecting shaft 9c, the first bevel gear 51 is rotated together with the rotation of the connecting shaft 9c, and this rotational force is transmitted to the second bevel gear 52. The gear 53 rotates through the teeth 52a of the second bevel gear 52, and the cylindrical cam 42 rotates.

  Next, the vertical movement members 40a and 40b will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the vertical movement member 40a holds the second lens groups 32 and 32 and is configured to be slidable on the guide shaft 38a.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 4, the vertical movement member 40a includes a cylindrical support member 41a that is fitted around the outer periphery of the guide shaft 38a, and an object-side end surface of the support member 41a. The frame member 44a is fixed and extends in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, and left and right symmetrical lens holding members 43a and 43b that hold the pair of left and right second lens groups 32 and 32, respectively.

  At the edge in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular opening 45a of the frame member 44a formed in a rectangular shape, the second lens groups 32, 32 are within the plane orthogonal to the respective optical axes of the second lens groups 32, 32. Lens holding member guide shafts 46a and 46b for moving the lens holding members 43a and 43b so as to change the distance between the optical axes (lens spacing) are arranged. The lens holding members 43a and 43b It is held in the opening 45a via the member guide shafts 46a and 46b.

  As shown in FIG. 3, insertion holes 49a and 49b are provided at positions corresponding to the lens holding member guide shafts 46a and 46b in the lens holding members 43a and 43b, and the lens holding members are provided in the insertion holes 49a and 49b. Guide shafts 46a and 46b are respectively inserted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a first cam follower 47a is fixed to a position adjacent to the cylindrical cam 42 in the frame member 44a, and the first cam follower 47a is engaged with the first cam groove 42a of the cylindrical cam 42. Match.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, second cam followers 48a and 48b are fixed to the ends of the lens holding members 43a and 43b opposite to the cylindrical cam 42 in the plane orthogonal to the optical axis, respectively. The second cam followers 48a and 48b are respectively engaged with second cam grooves 64a and 64b of a plate-like member 60a described later, as shown in FIG.

  Next, the vertical movement member 40b will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the vertical movement member 40b holds the third lens groups 34 and 34 and is configured to be slidable on the guide shaft 38b.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 5, the vertical movement member 40b includes a cylindrical support member 41b that fits around the outer periphery of the guide shaft 38b, and an end surface on the image side of the support member 41b. The frame member 44b is fixed and extends in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, and the left and right symmetrical lens holding members 43c and 43d that hold the pair of left and right third lens groups 34 and 34, respectively.

  The third lens groups 34, 34 are disposed on the edges in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular openings 45 b of the rectangular frame member 44 b within the plane orthogonal to the respective optical axes of the third lens groups 34, 34. Lens holding member guide shafts 46c, 46d for moving the lens holding members 43c, 43d so as to change the distance between the optical axes of the lens holding members 43c, 43d are disposed. It is held in the opening 45b through 46d.

  As shown in FIG. 3, insertion holes 49c and 49d are provided at positions corresponding to the lens holding member guide shafts 46c and 46d in the lens holding members 43c and 43d, and the lens holding members are provided in the insertion holes 49c and 49d. The guide shafts 46c and 46d for insertion are respectively inserted.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a first cam follower 47b is fixed to a position adjacent to the cylindrical cam 42 in the frame member 44b, and the first cam follower 47b is engaged with the first cam groove 42b of the cylindrical cam 42. Match.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, second cam followers 48c and 48d are fixed to the ends of the lens holding members 43c and 43d on the side opposite to the cylindrical cam 42 side in a plane orthogonal to the optical axis. As shown in FIG. 6, the second cam followers 48c and 48d are engaged with second cam grooves 64c and 64d of a plate-like member 60b described later, respectively.

  The shapes of the frame members 44a and 44b, the lens holding members 43a to 43d, and the openings 45a and 45b are not limited to the above, and can be changed as appropriate. Further, the configuration that allows the lens holding members 43a to 43d to slide in a plane orthogonal to the optical axis is limited to the insertion of the lens holding member guide shafts 46a to 46d and the insertion holes 49a to 49d as described above. However, it can be changed as appropriate.

  A pair of upper and lower plate-like members 60 a and 60 b shown in FIG. 6 are provided on the side surface of the zoom lens barrel 10 facing the eyepiece lens 12 across the optical axis of the zoom optical system. It is attached by. A pair of second cam grooves 64a and 64b are provided side by side along the optical axis direction in the plate-like member 60a on the objective lens 6 side, and the pair of second cam grooves 64a and 64b are provided on the vertical movement member 40a. The second cam followers 48a and 48b are respectively engaged with the lens holding members 43a and 43b. The pair of second cam grooves 64a and 64b extends side by side along the optical axis direction from the upper side to the lower side of the plate-like member 60a. The distance between the second cam grooves 64a and 64b is a plate-like shape. As the member 60a moves from the upper side to the lower side, it gradually becomes narrower.

  On the other hand, a pair of second cam grooves 64c and 64d are provided side by side along the optical axis direction in the plate-like member 60b on the binocular tube 11 side, and the pair of second cam grooves 64c and 64d move vertically. The second cam followers 48c and 48d fixed to the lens holding members 43c and 43d of the member 40b are respectively engaged. The pair of second cam grooves 64c and 64d extend side by side along the optical axis direction from the upper side to the lower side of the plate-like member 60b, and the distance between the second cam grooves 64c and 64d is a plate-like shape. It gradually becomes narrower as it goes from the lower side to the upper side of the member 60b.

  Further, the plate-like member can be constituted by one or more sheets, for example, the plate-like member is constituted by one piece, and the pair of second cam grooves 64a and 64b as described above are formed on the upper half of one plate-like member. One of 64c and 64d may be provided, and the remaining one may be provided in the lower half. Further, for example, when the moving lens group is composed of three or more groups, the number of plate-like members is equal to the number of the pair of left and right moving lens groups from a plurality of plate members for each moving range of the pair of left and right moving lenses. You may comprise from a plate member. For example, this means that if there are three pairs of left and right movable lens groups, the movable lens group is composed of three plate members.

  With this configuration, when the zooming handles 9a and 9b are rotated and the cylindrical cam 42 is rotated via the power transmission means 50, the first cam follower 47a fixed to the frame member 44a of the vertical movement member 40a is 42, the first cam follower 47b fixed to the frame member 44b of the vertical movement member 40b moves along the first cam groove 42b of the cylindrical cam 42. Thus, the vertically moving members 40a and 40b slide on the guide shafts 38a and 38b in the direction approaching or separating from each other via the support members 41a and 41b, respectively, and slide along the optical axis direction.

  At the same time as the vertical movement members 40a and 40b slide on the guide shafts 38a and 38b, the second cam followers 48a and 48b respectively fixed to the lens holding members 43a and 43b of the vertical movement member 40a are plate-shaped members 60a. The lens holding members 43a and 43b of the vertical movement member 40a move along the second cam grooves 64a and 64b, and the lens holding member guide shaft 46a is disposed in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the zoom optical system. , 46b, respectively.

  When the second cam followers 48a and 48b move along the second cam grooves 64a and 64b having the above-described groove distances, the pair of lens holding members 43a and 43b are moved to the lens holding member guide shaft 46a. , 46b, it slides in a direction approaching each other or a direction away from each other. Thus, the distance between the optical axes of the pair of left and right second lens groups 32 and 32 held by the lens holding members 43a and 43b can be changed as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b).

  Similarly, the second cam followers 48c and 48d fixed to the lens holding members 43c and 43d of the vertical movement member 40b at the same time as the vertical movement members 40a and 40b slide on the guide shafts 38a and 38b, respectively. The lens holding members 43c and 43d of the vertical movement member 40b move along the second cam grooves 64c and 64d of the plate-like member 60b, and are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the variable magnification optical system. Slide on the guide shafts 46c and 46d for use.

  When the second cam followers 48c and 48d move along the second cam grooves 64c and 64d having the above-mentioned inter-groove distance, the pair of lens holding members 43c and 43d become the lens holding member guide shaft 46c. , 46d, it slides in a direction approaching each other or a direction away from each other. Thus, the distance between the optical axes of the pair of left and right third lens groups 34 and 34 held by the lens holding members 43c and 43d can be changed as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b).

When zooming from the high magnification end state shown in FIG. 7A to the low magnification end state shown in FIG. 7B, the second lens group 32 is directed to the object side, and the third lens group 34 is directed to the image side. Move each one. At the same time, the left and right optical axes move from the position indicated by I ₀ in FIG. 7A to the position indicated by I ₁ in FIG. 7B, respectively, and the distance between the left and right optical axes approaches.

  In this way, by making the distance between the optical axes of the pair of left and right variable magnification optical systems variable, on the high magnification side, the distance between the left and right optical axes is widened to ensure a high numerical aperture, and on the low magnification side, The distance between the optical axes is reduced.

  The description of the embodiment of the present invention is finished above, but the present invention has a function of changing the distance between the optical axes for moving the lens group used for zooming in the direction along the optical axis direction and the orthogonal direction. The present invention relates to a stereomicroscope and a lens driving mechanism of a microscope that realizes the same, and can be used for a variable magnification optical system in which such movement is desired and a stereomicroscope including the variable magnification optical system. The lens group configuration of the variable magnification optical system is not limited to the four-group configuration, and the moving lens group may be configured to be able to move two or more lens groups.

  Further, the means used for the movement of the optical system along the optical axis direction is not limited to the first cam groove formed in the cylindrical cam and the first cam follower engaged with the first cam groove, and other means are used. It may be applied.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Specimen 2 Stage 3 Base 4 Strut 5 Stereomicroscope body 6 Objective lens 7 Focusing handle 8 Focusing mechanism 9a, 9b Zooming handle 9c Zooming handle connecting shaft 10 Zooming lens barrel 10a Zooming lens case 11 Lens barrel 12 Eyepiece 20 Stereo microscope 30 First lens group 32 Second lens group 34 Third lens group 36 Fourth lens groups 38a and 38b Guide shafts 40a and 40b Vertical movement members 41a and 41b Support members 42 Cylindrical cams 42a and 42b First cam grooves 43a, 43b, 43c, 43d Lens holding members 44a, 44b Frame members 45a, 45b Frame member openings 46a, 46b, 46c, 46d Lens holding member guide shafts 47a, 47b First cam followers 48a, 48b 48c, 48d Second cam followers 49a, 49b, 49c, 49d Insertion hole 50 Power transmission means 60 , 60b plate-like member 64a, 64b, 64c, 64d second cam groove

Claims (6)

An objective lens;
A variable magnification lens barrel disposed on the image side of the objective lens and having a variable magnification optical system;
The zoom lens barrel includes first driving means for moving a pair of left and right lenses, which are the zoom optical system, in a direction along the optical axis;
Second driving means for moving the pair of left and right lenses so as to change the distance between the optical axes of the pair of left and right lenses in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis;
A parallel system stereomicroscope characterized by comprising: a driving member for driving the first driving means and the second driving means. The first driving means includes a pair of guide shafts having long axes arranged along the optical axis direction of the zoom optical system;
A vertically moving member that is slidably mounted on each of the guide shafts and extends in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis;
A first cam member disposed in the zoom lens barrel;
A first cam follower provided on each of the vertical movement members and engaged with a first cam groove provided on the first cam member;
The second drive means is slidably held in the plane and is held by the vertical movement members, and a pair of left and right lens holding members that respectively hold the pair of left and right moving lenses;
A second cam member disposed in the zoom lens barrel;
The parallel system stereomicroscope according to claim 1, further comprising a second cam follower provided in each of the lens holding members and engaged with a second cam groove provided in the second cam member. The second cam member extends from the sample side of the zoom lens barrel toward the image side,
The second cam grooves are formed side by side on the second cam member so as to correspond to the second cam follower, and are arranged in the optical axis direction within a moving range of the pair of left and right moving lenses. Extended,
The parallel stereomicroscope according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the paired grooves gradually changes from one groove end side toward the other groove end side.   The parallel system stereomicroscope according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the second cam member is disposed at a position facing the first cam member via the optical axis. First driving means for moving a pair of left and right lenses included in the zoom optical system in a direction along the optical axis of the zoom optical system;
Second driving means for moving the pair of left and right lenses so as to change the distance between the optical axes of the pair of left and right lenses in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis;
A lens driving mechanism for a microscope, comprising: a driving member that drives the first driving means and the second driving means. The first driving means includes a pair of guide shafts having long axes arranged along the optical axis direction of the zoom optical system;
A vertically moving member that is slidably mounted on each of the guide shafts and extends in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis;
A first cam member disposed in the zoom lens barrel;
A first cam follower provided on each of the vertical movement members and engaged with a first cam groove provided on the first cam member;
The second driving means is slidably held in the plane and is held by the vertical movement members, and a pair of left and right lens holding members for holding the pair of left and right lenses,
A second cam member disposed in the zoom lens barrel;
6. The microscope lens driving mechanism according to claim 5, further comprising a second cam follower provided in each of the lens holding members and engaged with a second cam groove provided in the second cam member. .

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