JP4847095B2 - Stereo microscope binocular tube - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a binocular tube for a Galileo type stereomicroscope having a convergence angle that enables formation of an optical erect image and adjustment of the eye width corresponding to the eye width of a user.

  In general, in a binocular tube for a stereomicroscope, an upright image is formed by reversing an optical image in the vertical direction, and an exit pupil distance of an eyepiece corresponding to a pupil distance of a user (observer) (hereinafter referred to as “eye width” ")") Is an indispensable configuration. For this reason, the structure as shown in FIG. 7 is conventionally used as a binocular tube (refer patent document 1).

  FIG. 7 shows an optical system of a conventional Galileo stereo microscope. The interpupillary distance (eye width) L formed by the first eyepiece lens 25 and the second eyepiece lens 25 ′ can be changed. The first erecting prism 24, the second erecting prism 24 ′, and the imaging lenses 23 and 23 ′ are used as the interpupillary distance adjusting means that does not change the stereoscopic effect when the eye width L is changed. .

  Also, the interpupillary distance (eye width) adjusting means changes the first eyepiece lens 25 and the second eyepiece when the eye width L formed by the first eyepiece lens 25 and the second eyepiece lens 25 ′ is changed. The convergence angle θ formed by the lens 25 ′ is maintained at the same value. Then, on the optical axes Oa3 and Oa3 ', the light beam traveling along these optical axes can be advanced along the optical axes Oa4 and Oa4' of each eyepiece lens system. The observer observes the image of the object OBJ with the naked eyes E and E ′.

JP 2001-311876 A

  Galileo binocular tubes for stereomicroscopes often have a parallel optical axis on the exit side, i.e. they do not have a convergence angle, so they tend to get tired when used for a long time. It causes a phenomenon that it is difficult to fuse. This is because the observer has an inward angle on the object side even though it does not have a convergence angle on the observation side, so that the observer can observe an unnatural image with parallax while the optical axis is parallel. It is.

  The configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a configuration example in which a convergence angle is provided in a binocular tube for a Galileo type stereomicroscope in order to overcome such inconvenience.

  However, the structure shown in FIG. 7 requires a mechanism for interlocking the imaging lens when adjusting the eye width. For this reason, there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a binocular tube for a stereoscopic microscope having a simple structure and a convergence angle.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, according to the present invention, at least a pair of Porro prism portions for obtaining an erect image and a pair of eye width adjustment prism portions for adjusting the eye width are provided. The Porro prism section includes a Galileo-type binocular tube for a stereomicroscope, and includes an incident prism that receives light perpendicular to an incident surface, an output prism that emits light perpendicularly from an output surface, an incident prism, and an output An intermediate prism disposed in the optical path between the first prism and the first eye width adjusting prism disposed on the optical axis of the output light of the output prism; A second eye width adjustment prism disposed so that the incident surface is perpendicular to the optical axis of the outgoing light of the width adjustment prism, and the optical axis of the outgoing light of the first eye width adjustment prism as a rotation axis, First eye width adjustment prism and second eye width adjustment By and prism are arranged rotated by relatively predetermined angle, providing a Galilean stereomicroscope for binocular, characterized in that it is formed so that a different angle than the angle of convergence of 0 ° it can.

Further, according to a preferred aspect of the present invention , the incident prism is arranged to rotate according to the lens barrel tilt angle about the optical axis of the outgoing light of the incident prism so as to obtain a predetermined lens barrel tilt angle. In addition, it is preferable that the output prism is arranged so as to be rotated in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the incident prism with the optical axis of the incident light to the output prism as an axis.

Further, according to a preferred aspect of the present invention , the incident prism and the output prism are arranged so as to correct image rotation caused by relative rotation between the first eye width adjustment prism and the second eye width adjustment prism. It is preferable that at least one prism is provided at a position rotated with respect to the intermediate prism.

According to a preferred aspect of the present invention, the first eye width adjustment prism and the second eye width adjustment prism are configured to be relatively rotatable, and the first eye width adjustment prism and the second eye width adjustment prism It is preferable that the convergence angle can be adjusted to a desired value by rotating at least one of the prisms.

Further, according to a preferred aspect of the present invention , the incident prism is configured to correct image rotation that occurs in accordance with the rotation operation of at least one of the first eye width adjustment prism and the second eye width adjustment prism. It is preferable to have a rotation mechanism that rotates at least one of the prism and the output prism in conjunction with the rotation operation.

  The binocular tube for a stereomicroscope according to the present invention has a simple structure and an effect of having a convergence angle.

  Embodiments of a binocular tube for a stereomicroscope according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

  FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of a Galileo stereo microscope 100 including a stereo microscope binocular tube 103 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the stereomicroscope 100.

  Light from the object OBJ passes through one objective lens 101 and enters the pair of imaging optical systems 102a and 102b. The imaging optical systems 102a and 102b each have a zoom function as a zoom optical system. In addition, the imaging optical systems 102a and 102b are configured by, for example, a plurality of lens elements L1a, L2a, L3a, L1b, L2b, and L3b, respectively. The imaging optical systems 102a and 102b image the observation light from the objective lens 101 on the image plane.

  Light from the imaging optical systems 102a and 102b is incident on the pair of porro prism portions 104a and 104b and the pair of eye width adjustment prism portions 105a and 105b, respectively. The pair of Porro prism portions 104 a and 104 b and the pair of eye width adjustment prism portions 105 a and 105 b are accommodated in the housing of the binocular tube 103.

  FIG. 3 shows a perspective configuration of a pair of Porro prism portions 104a and a pair of eye width adjustment prism portions 105a in the housing of the binocular tube 103 for the stereomicroscope. The pair of Porro prisms is an optical system for obtaining an erect image. The pair of eye width adjustment prism units is an optical system for adjusting the eye width.

  A pair of optical systems for observing with binocular eyes has the same configuration. For this reason, hereinafter, one of the pair of optical systems will be described as appropriate, and redundant description of the other optical system will be omitted.

  The Porro prism unit 104a includes an incident prism 110a in which light is incident perpendicular to the incident surface of the triangular prism, an output prism 112a in which light is emitted perpendicularly from the output surface of the triangular prism, an incident prism 110a, and an output prism 112a. And an intermediate prism 111a disposed in the optical path between the two.

  The eye width adjustment prism unit 105a is arranged with respect to the first eye width adjustment prism 120a disposed on the optical axis AX3 of the outgoing light of the output prism 112a and the optical axis AX4 of the outgoing light of the first eye width adjustment prism 120a. And a second eye width adjustment prism 121a arranged so that the incident surface is vertical.

  Then, any one of the reflecting surfaces of the optical elements constituting the Porro prism portion 104a and the eye width adjusting prism portion 105a is formed so that the convergence angle θ is different from 0 °. Yes.

  In addition, the first eye width adjustment prism 120a and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a are relatively rotated by a predetermined angle with the optical axis AX4 of the light emitted from the first eye width adjustment prism 120a as a rotation axis. Thus, the convergence angle is configured to be different from 0 °. A detailed configuration will be described later. The “optical axis” refers to, for example, the optical axes of the imaging optical systems 102a and 102b. That is, for example, consider a case where a light beam traveling on the optical axis of the imaging optical system 102a enters the binocular tube 103 for a stereomicroscope and travels.

  In the incident prism 110a, the light beam from the imaging optical system 102a is vertically incident from the incident surface. The incident prism 110a bends incident light at a right angle and emits it in the direction of the intermediate prism 111a. The output prism 112a bends the light beam from the intermediate prism 111a at a right angle and emits the light vertically from the output surface.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the incident prism 110 a is arranged so as to be rotated by a predetermined angle α around the outgoing optical axis. Further, the output prism 112a is arranged with the incident optical axis as an axis and rotated by an angle β in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the incident prism 110a. The entrance prism 110a and the exit prism 112a are respectively fixed to the intermediate prism 111a.

  The first eye width adjustment prism 120a is arranged corresponding to the emission prism 112a of the Porro prism portion 104a. The first eye width adjustment prism 120a bends the light beam emitted from the emission prism 112a at a right angle. The first eye width adjustment prism 120a emits the bent light beam vertically from the emission surface and guides it to the incident surface to the second eye width adjustment prism 121a.

  The second eye width adjustment prism 121a has an incident surface perpendicular to the optical axis AX4 of the light beam emitted from the first eye width adjustment prism 120a, and the optical axis AX5a of the output light beam has the optical axis AX4 with respect to the optical axis AX3. It is arranged so as to be emitted at an angle θ with respect to the axis.

  Further, the first eye width adjusting prism 120a and the second eye width adjusting prism 121a are integrally rotated around the output optical axis AX3 from the output prism 112a. Thereby, the interval l of the eyepiece 106a (FIG. 2) is made variable.

  The eyepiece 106a (FIG. 2) is disposed coaxially with the outgoing optical axis AX5a of the second eye width adjustment prism 121a. Then, the observer observes the image formed on the image plane by the naked eye Ea through the eyepiece lens 106a.

  In the binocular tube 103 for the stereomicroscope of the present embodiment, the observation light from the objective lens 101 is incident on the imaging optical system 102a. Outgoing light from the imaging optical system 102a is incident on a Porro prism unit 104a including an incident prism 110a, an intermediate prism 111a, and an output prism 112a.

  When the light beam passes through the Porro prism portion 104a, the observation image is inverted vertically and is corrected to an erect image. At the same time, the emitted light from the Porro prism unit 104a is emitted with a predetermined angle of inclination according to the rotation angle α and the rotation angle β of the incident prism 110a and the output prism 112a, respectively.

  In addition, the binocular tube for a stereomicroscope adapted to the eye width of the observer by rotating the first eye width adjusting prism 120a and the second eye width adjusting prism 121a and changing the interval l of the eyepiece 106a (FIG. 2). Is obtained.

  As described above, in the Porro prism portion 104a including the incident prism 110a, the intermediate prism 111a, and the output prism 112a, the input prism 110a is rotated by a predetermined angle α around the output optical axis.

  Further, the output prism 112a is also rotated by the same angle β around the incident optical axis in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the incident prism 110a. Both prisms 110a and 112a are bonded and fixed to the intermediate prism 111a, respectively.

  At this time, the rotation angle α and the rotation angle β of the incident prism 110a and the output prism 112a are set to α = γ + A and β = γ−B, respectively. Further, in the first eye width adjustment prism 120a and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a, the second eye width adjustment prism 121a is rotated and fixed about the outgoing optical axis AX4 of the first eye width adjustment prism 120a. Thereby, the outgoing optical axis AX5a of the second eye width adjusting prism 121a is emitted with an angle θ. Here, the angle γ corresponds to the lens barrel inclination angle. Further, the angle θ is set to be A + B.

  In other words, the incident prism 110a is arranged to rotate according to the lens barrel tilt angle γ with the optical axis AX1 of the light emitted from the incident prism 110a as an axis so as to obtain a predetermined lens barrel tilt angle γ. The output prism 112a is arranged to rotate in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the input prism 110a around the optical axis AX2 of the incident light to the output prism 112a.

  Further, the incident prism 110a, the output prism 112a, and at least one of the prisms are corrected so as to correct image rotation that occurs in response to relative rotation between the first eye width adjustment prism 120a and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a. It is provided at a position rotated with respect to the intermediate prism 111a.

  According to the present embodiment, the convergence angle can be given to the outgoing optical axis with a simple and simple structure. In addition, the rotation of the image in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis due to the convergence angle can be corrected.

  Furthermore, the entrance prism 110a, the exit prism 112a, the first eye width adjustment prism 120a, and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a used as components are not of a special shape. For this reason, since a general triangular prism can be used, it can be manufactured at low cost. Although not shown, the reflecting surfaces of these prisms can be replaced with mirrors.

  Further, the reflection angles at the entrance prism 110a, the exit prism 112a, the first eye width adjustment prism 120a, and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a can all be set to 45 °, for example. Therefore, a good observation image can be obtained with little image degradation due to surface accuracy.

(Modification)
Next, a modification of the present embodiment will be described. In addition, in the modification, the description of the part which overlaps with a present Example is abbreviate | omitted. For example, the first eye width adjusting prism 120a and the second eye width adjusting prism 121a can be fixed by being rotated by an angle θ with respect to the optical axis.

  As another modification, the first eye width adjustment prism 120a and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a can be configured as an integral prism. In any of the modifications, the same operations and effects as the present embodiment are achieved.

  FIG. 5 shows a part of the configuration of the binocular tube for a stereoscopic microscope according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. This embodiment is configured so that the observer can arbitrarily change the convergence angle θ.

  The first eye width adjustment prism 120a and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a are configured to be relatively rotatable, and at least one of the first eye width adjustment prism 120a and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a is used. By rotating, the convergence angle θ can be adjusted to a desired value.

  The first eye width adjustment prism 120a bends the light beam emitted from the emission prism 112a at a right angle. The first eye width adjustment prism 120a guides the bent light beam to the incident surface to the second eye width adjustment prism 121a by emitting the light beam vertically from the emission surface. The second eye width adjustment prism 121a has an incident surface perpendicular to the optical axis AX4 of the light beam emitted from the first eye width adjustment prism 120a, and the optical axis AX5a of the output light beam has the optical axis AX4 with respect to the optical axis AX3. The shaft is arranged so as to be rotatable.

  In the first eye width adjustment prism 120a and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a, the second eye width adjustment prism 121a is rotated about the emission optical axis AX4 of the first eye width adjustment prism 120a. This rotation is performed by the rotation mechanism unit 201. Thereby, the emission optical axis AX5a of the second eye width adjustment prism 121a is emitted with an inclination of an arbitrary angle.

  According to this embodiment, an arbitrary convergence angle can be given to the outgoing optical axis with a simple and simple structure. In addition, the rotation of the image in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis due to the convergence angle can be corrected.

  FIG. 6 shows a part of the configuration of a binocular tube for a stereoscopic microscope according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. In this embodiment, the rotation about the optical axis of the image when the convergence angle θ is changed is corrected.

  In the present embodiment, the incident prism 110a and the output prism are corrected so as to correct the rotation of the image generated in accordance with the rotation operation of at least one of the first eye width adjustment prism 120a and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a. It has an interlocking mechanism 301 (rotating mechanism) that rotates at least one of the prisms 112a in conjunction with the rotating operation.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the intermediate prism 111a is disposed so as to be rotatable about its incident optical axis. The output prism 112a is configured so that the incident optical axis of the output prism 112a coincides with the output optical axis of the intermediate prism 111a, and is rotatable about the incident optical axis.

  Further, the second eye width adjustment prism 121a, the intermediate prism 111a, and the emission prism 112a are arranged so as to be interlocked by the interlocking mechanism unit 301.

  In this embodiment, when the outgoing optical axis AX5a of the second eye width adjustment prism 121a is rotated by an arbitrary angle θ, the interlocking mechanism unit 301 causes the intermediate prism 111a and the outgoing prism 112a to have a relationship of θ = A + B. Interlocked. The interlocking mechanism unit 301 is configured to transmit, for example, a movement corresponding to the movement (rotation angle) of the second eye width adjustment prism 121a to the intermediate prism 111a by a gear.

  The incident prism 110a rotates by a predetermined angle α = γ + A around the outgoing optical axis. The output prism 112a rotates about the incident optical axis by an angle β = γ−B in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the incident prism 110a. Here, the angle γ corresponds to the lens barrel inclination angle.

  As a result, the image of the light beam passing through the incident prism 110a, the intermediate prism 111a, and the output prism 112a is emitted after being rotated by an angle θ and is incident on the first eye width adjustment prism 120a. The first eye width adjustment prism 120a and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a are opposed to each other by rotating by an angle θ about the optical axis AX4. For this reason, the observed image rotates by an angle θ opposite to the rotation angle θ.

  In this embodiment, an arbitrary convergence angle can be given to the outgoing optical axis with a simple and simple structure. In addition, the rotation of the image in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis due to the convergence angle can be corrected.

  Furthermore, the entrance prism 110a, the exit prism 112a, the first eye width adjustment prism 120a, and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a used as components are not special shapes, and general triangular prisms can be used. . For this reason, the binocular tube for a stereomicroscope can be manufactured at low cost.

  Furthermore, the reflection angles at the entrance prism 110a, the exit prism 112a, the first eye width adjustment prism 120a, and the second eye width adjustment prism 121a can all be 45 °, for example. Therefore, a good observation image can be obtained with little image degradation due to surface accuracy.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a convergence angle according to parallax during microscopic observation while maintaining the advantages of a Galileo stereomicroscope with a simple name configuration. The present invention can take various modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  As described above, the binocular tube for a stereomicroscope according to the present invention is useful for a Galileo type stereomicroscope, and is particularly suitable for a stereomicroscope having a convergence angle.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of a stereomicroscope provided with the binocular tube for stereomicroscopes concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is another figure which shows schematic structure of a stereomicroscope provided with the binocular tube for stereomicroscopes concerning Example 1. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a perspective configuration of a binocular tube for a stereomicroscope according to Example 1. FIG. FIG. 6 is another diagram illustrating a perspective configuration of the binocular tube for a stereoscopic microscope according to the first embodiment. 6 is a diagram illustrating a perspective configuration of a binocular tube for a stereomicroscope according to Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a perspective configuration of a binocular tube for a stereoscopic microscope according to a third embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the binocular tube for stereoscopic microscopes of a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Stereomicroscope 101 Objective lens 102a, 102b Imaging optical system 103 Stereo microscope binocular tube 104a, 104b Porro prism part 105a, 105b Convergence adjustment prism part 106a Eyepiece lens 110a, 110b Incident prism 111a, 111b Intermediate prism 112a, 112b Exit prism 120a, 120b First eye width adjustment prism 121a, 121b Second eye width adjustment prism 201 Rotating mechanism part 301 Interlocking mechanism part 22 Objective lens 23, 23 ′ Imaging lens 24, 24 ′ Erecting prism l Eye width θ Convergence angle AX0 , AX1, AX2, AX3, AX4, AX5a, AX5b Optical axis Ea, E, E 'Observer's naked eye L1a, L1b, L2a, L2b, L3a, L3b Lens element OBJ Object

Claims (5)

A binocular tube for a stereo microscope of Galileo type comprising at least a pair of Porro prism parts for obtaining an erect image and a pair of eye width adjustment prism parts for adjusting the eye width,
The Porro prism part is
An incident prism in which light is incident perpendicular to the incident surface;
An exit prism from which light is emitted vertically from the exit surface;
An intermediate prism disposed in an optical path between the entrance prism and the exit prism;
The eye width adjustment prism part is
A first interocular width adjustment prism disposed on the optical axis of the outgoing light of the outgoing prism;
A second interocular width adjustment prism arranged so that the incident surface is perpendicular to the optical axis of the outgoing light of the first interocular width adjustment prism,
With the optical axis of the emitted light of the first eye width adjustment prism as the rotation axis, the first eye width adjustment prism and the second eye width adjustment prism are relatively rotated by a predetermined angle, A binocular tube for a Galileo stereo microscope, characterized in that the convergence angle is different from 0 °.   In order to obtain a predetermined lens barrel tilt angle, the incident prism is arranged to rotate according to the lens barrel tilt angle about the optical axis of the output light of the incident prism, and the output prism is 2. The Galileo stereo microscope according to claim 1, wherein the Galileo stereomicroscope is arranged so as to rotate in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the incident prism with an optical axis of incident light to the output prism as an axis. Binocular tube. At least one of the entrance prism and the exit prism is configured to correct the image rotation that occurs in response to the relative rotation between the first eye width adjustment prism and the second eye width adjustment prism. The binocular tube for a Galileo type stereomicroscope according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the binocular tube for a Galileo type stereomicroscope is provided at a position rotated relative to the intermediate prism.   The first eye width adjustment prism and the second eye width adjustment prism are configured to be relatively rotatable,
  4. The convergence angle can be adjusted to a desired value by rotating at least one of the first eye width adjustment prism and the second eye width adjustment prism. A binocular tube for a stereo microscope of the Galileo type according to claim 1. At least one of the entrance prism and the exit prism so as to correct image rotation that occurs in accordance with the rotational operation of at least one of the first eye width adjustment prism and the second eye width adjustment prism. The binocular tube for a Galileo type stereomicroscope according to claim 4, further comprising a rotation mechanism for rotating either one of the prisms according to the rotation operation.

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