JP2006138074A - Building structure allowing uplift of foundation part - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building structure easily causing an uplift when overturning moment is applied to a building at the occurrence of an earthquake. <P>SOLUTION: A factory building 10 has outer peripheral part columns 14, 15 arranged at an outer peripheral part of the building, and internal columns 16 arranged inside the building. The columns are connected to one another through beams 18. A footing 24 provided at a column base of each column is separated from a pile head of a foundation pile which supports the footing. Stiffeners 20 for rigidly connecting the outer peripheral columns and the beams are provided to constitute a rigid-frame structure with the outer peripheral part columns and beams. A connecting structure impeding relative horizontal displacement between the footing provided at the column base of the outer peripheral part column, and the pile head which supports the footing, while allowing the uplift of the footing from the pile head, is provided between the footing and the pile head. Further, a connecting structure which allows the footing to lift from the pile head is provided between the footing provided at the column base of the internal column, and the pile head which supports the footing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a building that allows a foundation to be lifted. More particularly, the present invention relates to a structure of a building that reduces the energy received by the building during an earthquake by allowing the superstructure of the building to lift.

  If a horizontal acceleration is applied to the foundation of the building when an earthquake occurs, a falling moment will act on the building. When the acceleration in the horizontal direction is large and the aspect ratio of the building (the ratio of height to width) is also large, one side of the building tends to rise due to the overturning moment. As a result, for example, in the case of a building that uses a pile foundation, the tensile load that pulls out the foundation pile acts on the pile on the uplift side of the building, and the compressive load that tries to push the foundation pile increases on the opposite side. To do. To build a building with sufficient strength to withstand these loads, a corresponding cost is required.

  Therefore, if the footing that is normally fixedly connected to the pile head of the foundation pile is cut off from the pile head and a large tipping moment is applied, the building superstructure above the footing will be lifted from the pile head. The basic structure is proposed.

  For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2003-129498 discloses a building basic structure in which the edge between a pile and a footing is cut by joining the pile and the footing via a steel pipe for shear resistance. In this foundation structure, a cushioning material is laid between the pile and the footing in order to mitigate the impact when the raised upper structure of the building is seated.

  Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-240315 discloses a foundation structure of a building in which the column base is lifted to reduce the response of the building after it is lifted by the energy absorbing device. Then, a cushioning material for mitigating the impact at the time of sitting and a restoring member for controlling the displacement are interposed in the raised portion.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-115683 discloses a structure in which a damper is interposed in a gap between a steel pipe column of a building upper structure and a steel pipe embedded in a foundation footing that is a lower structure of the building.

And as a building which permitted the raising of the foundation part using the foundation structure in which the upper structure of the building was lifted from the pile head, there is one disclosed in JP-A-2002-276192.
JP 2000240315 A JP 2001-115683 A JP 2003-129498 A JP 2002-276192 A

  However, the building disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-276192 simply applies a basic structure in which the upper structure of the building is lifted from the pile head to a building having a normal structure. The advantage gained by using such a foundation structure is that by allowing the foundation of the building to lift, the load acting on the foundation and pillars can be reduced compared to the other cases. There is a demand for special building structures that can be used to the fullest extent.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a building that is likely to be lifted when a tipping moment is applied to the building when an earthquake occurs.

In order to achieve the above object, a structure of a building according to the present invention has an outer peripheral column arranged on the outer periphery of the building and an inner column arranged inside the building, and the columns are arranged via beams. In the structure of a building that is connected to each other and is cut off from the footings provided on the column bases of the respective pillars and the pile heads of the foundation piles that support the footings, the outer peripheral column and the beam are connected to each other. By providing rigid stiffeners, the outer column and beam constitute a ramen structure, and between the footing provided on the column base of the outer column and the pile head of the foundation pile that supports the footing A connection structure that prevents the relative horizontal displacement between the footing and the pile head while allowing the footing to lift from the pile head, and the footing provided on the column base of the internal column, and the footing thereof Foundation pile to support Between the pile head, the footing is characterized in that a coupling structure which allows the lifted off the pile cap.
Moreover, the structure of the building according to the present invention has an outer peripheral column arranged in the outer peripheral part of the building and an inner column arranged in the building, and the columns are connected to each other via a beam. In the structure of the building, the outer column and the beam are rigidly connected to each other, with the column base of each column and the footing provided on the pile head of the foundation pile supporting the column base of the column. By providing a stiffener, the outer peripheral column and the beam constitute a ramen structure. Between the column base of the outer peripheral column and the footing that supports the column base, between the column base and the footing. A connecting structure that allows the column base to float from the footing while preventing relative horizontal displacement of the column base, and the column base between the column base of the internal column and the footing that supports the column base is provided. A connection structure is provided that allows the material to lift from the footing. It is characterized in.

  According to the present invention, when a falling moment acts on a building when an earthquake occurs, one side of the building easily floats, so that shear force and axial force acting on the foundation and pillar of the building are reduced. Therefore, since the strength required for each part of the building is reduced, the construction cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the braces of the building can be reduced or omitted, free plane and elevation plans are possible, and a great advantage can be obtained particularly when applied to a factory building.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1A and 1B are plan views showing two specific examples of the arrangement of columns of a factory building to which the building structure according to the present invention is applied. In these specific examples, the columns of the factory buildings are all arranged in a matrix, in FIG. 1A, 9 rows and 4 columns, and in FIG. 1B, 4 rows and 4 columns. Further, in the building of FIG. 1A, of the outer peripheral columns 14 and 15 arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the building, the outer peripheral column 14 arranged in the row direction along the two sides of the building is the other outer peripheral column. 15 and a thicker and stiffer column than the inner column 16 arranged inside the building. In the building of FIG. 1B, among the outer peripheral columns 14 and 15 arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the building, four outer peripheral columns 14 located at the four corners of the building are connected to the other outer peripheral columns 15 and the It is thicker than the internal pillars 16 arranged inside the building and has a large rigidity.

  The building shown in FIG. 1A has a rectangular shape in plan view, and is long in the column direction and short in the inter-beam direction. In the building having the column arrangement of this figure, by adopting the present invention, when the input acceleration component due to the earthquake has a large inter-beam direction component, other columns other than the outer peripheral column 14 on one end side in the inter-beam direction. Can be lifted. The building shown in FIG. 1B has a square planar shape, and the building having the column arrangement of this figure has a large inter-beam direction component of the input acceleration due to the earthquake by adopting the present invention. When other columns other than the outer peripheral column 14 on one end side in the inter-beam direction are lifted and the component of the input acceleration in the column direction is large, other columns other than the outer peripheral column 14 on the one end side in the column direction are Can be lifted.

  A building to which the present invention is applied is not limited to a factory building, and the arrangement of columns of the building is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. However, in the present invention, the columns are arranged in a matrix. When applied to a factory building having a rectangular shape in plan view, particularly favorable results are obtained. The following description will be made in the case of applying the present invention to such a building. In order to lift the pillars of the building, it is convenient to set the number of beam spans in the direction in which the building is raised to 2, 3, or 4. In the arrangement of the pillars in FIGS. 1A and 1B, The number of spans is 3.

  2A and 2B are sectional elevation views of the factory building 10 that employs the building structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The building 10 includes an outer peripheral column 14 arranged on the outer periphery of the building and an inner column 16 arranged on the inside of the building. The arrangement of the columns 14 and 16 in the plan view is, for example, FIG. The arrangement shown in 1A, the arrangement shown in FIG. Furthermore, like the ones shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, some of the outer peripheral columns of the building 10 are thicker than the other outer peripheral columns and the inner columns 16 and have high rigidity. FIGS. 2A and 2B show such a thick and rigid outer peripheral column 14. The columns of the building 10 are connected to each other through a beam 18 having a large rigidity. The thick and rigid outer peripheral column 14 and the beam 18 are rigidly coupled via a cane-shaped stiffener 20, and by providing the stiffener 20, the outer peripheral column 14 and the beam 18 are provided. 18 and the ramen structure. The upper and lower floors may be constructed by providing floor slabs in the middle and lower beams as needed, or may be blown out without providing floor slabs. The floor of the first floor portion of the building is a ground 22, and factory production equipment (not shown) and the like are installed in the ground 22. The foundation of the building 10 is a pile foundation, and the footings 24 provided on the column bases of the columns 14 and 16 are supported by the pile heads of the foundation pile 26, respectively. However, unlike a normal pile foundation, the pile head and the footing are not fixedly connected, but the footing 24 and the pile head of the foundation pile 26 that supports the footing 24 are cut off. It is designed to lift from the pile head.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view showing the footings 24 provided on the column bases of the columns 14, 15, 16 and the pile heads of the foundation piles 26 that support the footings 24. A frustoconical fitting convex portion 28 is provided on the upper surface of the pile head of the foundation pile 26, and a fitting concave portion 30 having a shape corresponding thereto is provided on the lower surface of the footing 24. Usually, since the fitting convex portion 28 and the fitting concave portion 30 are fitted, relative horizontal displacement between the pile head of the foundation pile 26 and the footing 24 is prevented. When a load that lifts 24 is applied, the fitting projection 28 and the fitting recess 30 are separated from each other, whereby the footing 24 can be lifted from the pile head of the foundation pile 26. Accordingly, the footing 24 provided on the column base and the pile head of the foundation pile 26 that supports the footing 24 are prevented from being displaced in the horizontal direction between the footing 24 and the pile head, while the footing is prevented. A connection structure that allows 24 to float from the pile head is provided.

  However, the connection structure provided between the footing of the internal column 16 and the pile head that supports the inner pillar 16 only needs to have a function that allows the footing to lift from the pile head. Providing the function of preventing relative horizontal displacement is not necessarily required to implement the present invention. Therefore, the connection structure between the footing of the internal column 16 and the pile head that supports the inner column 16 is, for example, that the upper surface of the pile head and the lower surface of the footing are both planar, and the footing is simply placed on the pile head. It is good also as a structure only made.

  Since the building 10 shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B is configured as described above, horizontal acceleration in the horizontal direction in the figure acts on the building 10 from the ground when an earthquake occurs. When a falling moment of a predetermined magnitude or more determined according to the design of the building 10 is applied, the pile head fitting convex portion 28 and the footing 24 are applied to other columns other than the outer peripheral column 14 on one end side of the building 10. The footing 24 can be lifted from the pile head of the foundation pile 26 by separating from the fitting recess 30. Therefore, compared with the building which fixedly connected the footing to the pile head, the shearing force and the axial force acting on the building foundation and the column are reduced. Therefore, since the strength required for each part of the building is reduced, the construction cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the stiffener 20 is provided and the outer peripheral column 14 and the beam 18 form a ramen structure, the braces of the building can be reduced or omitted, so that free plane and elevation planning is possible. This is very advantageous when used as a building for construction.

  FIG. 4 is a sectional elevation view of a factory building 210 employing a building structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is that an L-shaped stiffener 20 ′ is used in place of the cane-shaped stiffener 20 in the first embodiment. The other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment. The structure shown in FIG. 4 can provide the same advantages as those of the first embodiment.

  5A and 5B are cross-sectional elevation views of a factory building 310 employing a building structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is that the beam 18 is provided in three stages in the first embodiment, whereas the beam 18 is provided in two stages. In addition, the suspended object 34 is suspended from the upper beam 18 in the building via a suspension jig 32 that is a suspension means, and the other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment. . As is apparent from FIG. 5B, the hanging jig 32 as a hanging means prevents the suspended object 34 from rotating even if the beam 18 that suspended the suspended object 34 is inclined when one side of the building is lifted. A suspended object 34 is suspended.

  In order to enable such a suspension system, for example, the lower end of the central suspension jig 32 is pin-joined to the center of gravity of the suspension 34 to support the suspension 34 rotatably, The suspension jig 32 prevents the suspension 34 from rotating. When an earthquake occurs and one side of the building 310 is lifted and the beam 18 is tilted sharply, the suspension jig 32 at both ends prevents the rotation. For example, you can make it come off momentarily. A heavy load may be equipped in the factory, but according to this configuration, it is possible to avoid the inconvenience that the floating inertia of the building 301 is hindered by the rotational inertia force of the heavy load. Yes, it can make the building easier to lift.

  FIG. 6 is a sectional elevation view of a factory building 410 employing a building structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is that the footings provided on the column base of the outer peripheral column 14 are connected via the foundation beam 36, and the other portions are the first. This is the same as the embodiment. According to the structure of FIG. 6, since the rigidity of the building is further increased, the floating is more likely to occur.

  FIG. 7 is a sectional elevation view of a factory building 510 employing a building structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is that the outer peripheral column 14 is inclined so as to go to the outside of the building as it goes upward, and the column base of the outer peripheral column 14 is used. The provided footings are connected to each other via the foundation beam 36, and other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment. According to the structure of FIG. 7, since the area of the upper part of the building is widened, the weight of the upper part of the building is increased, which makes it easy to lift and the rigidity of the building is increased by providing the foundation beam 36. This also makes it easier to lift. In addition, since the outer peripheral column 14 is inclined, a horizontal load is generated on the column base. This horizontal load is the same as the horizontal load generated from the column base of the outer peripheral column 14 on the opposite side through the foundation beam 36. Since they are offset, there is no problem.

  FIG. 8 is a sectional elevation view of a factory building 610 employing a building structure according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. As in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the beams 18 are provided in three stages, but in this structure, floor slabs are provided in the middle and lower beams 18 to form a three-story building. These beams 18 (that is, beams on the upper floor of this building) are projected outside the outer peripheral column 14 in a cantilever manner. A column 38 extending only to the second and third floors is provided at the end of the projecting beam 18. Other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment. According to the structure of FIG. 8, the area of the upper part of the building is increased as in the structure of FIG. 7, so that the weight of the upper part of the building is increased, and thus the floating is easily generated. In a normal building structure in which the column footing is fixedly connected to the pile head, increasing the area of the upper floor leads to a decrease in earthquake resistance. However, in the building structure of the present invention, it tends to be lifted. Therefore, the earthquake resistance is improved. Since this structure also has the advantage that the floor area of the upper floor can be expanded, it may be applied to a multi-storey building having two or more floors.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and can be implemented in other forms. For example, in all the embodiments described above, the present invention is applied to a building where the footing provided on the column base of the building column and the pile head of the foundation pile supporting the footing are cut off. However, the present invention can also be applied to a building where the column base of the building and the footing provided on the pile head of the foundation pile and supporting the column base are cut off. When applied to such a building, the structure of the building according to the present invention has an outer peripheral column arranged on the outer periphery of the building and an inner column arranged inside the building, and the columns are beams. In the structure of the building, the outer peripheral column is connected to each other via a frame, and the column base of each column and a footing provided on the pile head of the foundation pile and supporting the column base are separated. By providing a stiffener that rigidly connects the beam and the beam, the outer peripheral column and the beam constitute a ramen structure, and between the column base of the outer peripheral column and the footing that supports the column base. Providing a connecting structure that prevents relative horizontal displacement between the column base and the footing while allowing the column base to lift from the footing, and supports the column base of the internal column and the column base The column base may be lifted from the footing during the footing. It becomes provided with a connecting structure to allow. Moreover, you may make it incorporate the characteristic of embodiment shown in FIG.4, FIG.5A, FIG.5B, FIG. 8 into the structure of this building. Furthermore, the present invention can be implemented in a wide variety of other forms.

  Advantages common to the various embodiments of the present invention include shearing force and axial force acting on the foundation and columns of the building because one side of the building is easily lifted when a falling moment acts on the building due to an earthquake. In addition to being able to reduce construction costs, the horizontal pillars in the event of an earthquake should be borne by the outer pillars because the strength required for each part of the building is reduced. Therefore, there is no need to provide braces inside the building, and there will be no planar or elevational restrictions on the flow line plan such as installation of openings, installation of equipment, movement of people or objects, It can also be used suitably as a seismic retrofit method for existing buildings.

It is the top view which showed one specific example of the arrangement | sequence of the pillar of the factory building to which the structure of the building which concerns on this invention is applied. It is the top view which showed another specific example of the arrangement | sequence of the pillar of the factory building to which the structure of the building which concerns on this invention is applied. It is a sectional elevation view of the building for factories which adopted the structure of the building concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention, and is a figure showing the state where the building is not lifted. 2B is a cross-sectional elevation view of the factory building of FIG. 2A, showing a state where the building has been lifted. FIG. It is the cross-sectional side view which showed the footing provided in the column base of the pillar of the factory building of FIG. 2A, and the pile head of the pile which is supporting the footing. It is a sectional elevation view of the building for factories which adopted the structure of the building concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a sectional elevation view of the factory building which adopted the structure of the building concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention, and is a figure showing the state where the building is not lifted. FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional elevation view of the factory building of FIG. 5A, showing a state where the building is lifted. It is a section elevation view of the building for factories which adopted the structure of the building concerning a 4th embodiment of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional elevation view of the building for factories which adopted the structure of the building concerning a 5th embodiment of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional elevation view of the building for factories which adopted the structure of the building concerning a 6th embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 ... Factory building, 14 ... Outer column, 15 ... Outer column, 16 ... Inner column, 18 ... Beam, 20 ... Stiffener, 20 '... Stiffener, 22 ... Soil, 24 ... footing, 26 ... foundation pile, 28 ... fitting convex part, 30 ... fitting concave part, 32 ... hanging jig, 34 ... suspended article, 36 ... foundation beam, 38 ... Pillars, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610 ... Buildings for factories.

Claims (7)

It has an outer peripheral column arranged on the outer periphery of the building and an internal column arranged inside the building, and the columns are connected to each other via a beam and provided on the column base of each column In the structure of the building where the footings and the pile heads of the foundation piles that support those footings are cut off,
By providing a stiffener that rigidly connects the outer peripheral column and the beam, the outer peripheral column and the beam constitute a ramen structure,
Between the footing provided on the column base of the outer peripheral column and the pile head of the foundation pile that supports the footing, the footing is piled while preventing relative horizontal displacement between the footing and the pile head. Provide a connection structure that allows it to lift from the head,
Between the footing provided on the column base of the internal column and the pile head of the foundation pile that supports the footing, a connection structure that allows the footing to float from the pile head is provided.
Building structure characterized by that.   The building structure according to claim 1, wherein footings provided on column bases of the outer peripheral column are connected via a foundation beam.   2. The footing provided on the column base of the outer peripheral column is connected to each other via a foundation beam by inclining the outer peripheral column to the outside of the building as it goes upward. Building structure. It has an outer peripheral column arranged on the outer periphery of the building and an inner column arranged on the inside of the building, and the columns are connected to each other via a beam. The column base of each column and the foundation pile In the structure of the building, which is cut off from the footings that are installed on the pile heads and support the column bases of those columns,
By providing a stiffener that rigidly connects the outer peripheral column and the beam, the outer peripheral column and the beam constitute a ramen structure,
Between the column base of the outer peripheral column and the footing that supports the column base, relative horizontal displacement between the column base and the footing is prevented, while allowing the column base to lift from the footing. Providing a connecting structure,
Between the column base of the internal column and a footing that supports the column base, a connection structure that allows the column base to float from the footing is provided.
Building structure characterized by that.   5. The building according to claim 1, wherein the building is a multi-storey building having two or more stories, and a beam on the upper floor of the building is projected outside the outer peripheral column in a cantilever manner. Building structure.   A suspended object is suspended from the beam via a suspension means in the building, and the suspension means is configured such that even if one side of the building is lifted and the beam that suspended the suspended object is inclined, The building structure according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the suspended object is suspended so that the suspended object does not rotate. The building is a rectangular factory building in plan view, the columns of the building are arranged in a matrix, and the number of beam spans in at least one direction of the building is 2, 3, or 4 The building structure according to claim 1 or 4.

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