JP6706070B2 - Roof structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a roof structure.

The following Patent Document 1 discloses that the roof of the space truss is configured by connecting the divided units in an annular shape. The roof can be self-supporting without using wires or the like because the units support each other in an attempt to fall inward.

JP-A-7-76933

However, according to Patent Document 1 described above, the roof has to have an annular space truss structure, which imposes restrictions on the roof structure. Also, in the case of a non-annular truss structure roof, the outer edge of the roof is supported by columns raised from the terraced floor, and the arm extending from the outer edge of the roof to the outside of the spectators is pulled with a wire to secure the roof. A balanced structure is possible. However, since the wire and the arm are located outside the spectator seat, the appearance of the spectator seat is restricted.

In view of the above facts, the present invention aims to reduce the restrictions on the roof structure and the appearance of the seats.

The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein a structure including a stepped floor constituting a spectator seat, a pillar projecting upward from the stepped floor, and a plurality of pillars are supported between an inner end portion and an outer end portion. A roof and a connecting member that connects the outer end of the roof and the structure, and the roof is formed as a ring truss without an end, and is a three-dimensional truss bridged over the plurality of columns. Equipped with beams .

According to the roof structure of the first aspect, the pillar projects upward from the step floor and supports between the inner end portion and the outer end portion of the roof. That is, the roof extends over both sides of the terraced floor on the outer end side and the inner end side with the pillars as fulcrums. Then, the outer edge of the roof and the structure having the terraced floor are connected by a connecting member to balance the roof.

Therefore, unlike the conventional case, it is not necessary to extend the arm outward from the outer end of the roof and to pull and support the arm with a wire, which reduces the restrictions on the roof structure and reduces the design flexibility of the appearance of the spectators. Get higher

Further, if the structure is such that the structure does not bear the load of the structure, the structure of the structure can only support the roof load.
The roof structure according to claim 2 is the roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the pillars project upward from an inner side of an outer end portion of the step floor, and the connecting member includes an outer end portion of the roof and the step. Connects to the outer edge of the floor.

Roof structure according to claim 3, in roof construction according to claim 2, the outer end portion of the Dan'yuka is a cantilever.

According to the roof structure of the third aspect , since the outer end portion of the structure is cantilevered, a force for sinking acts on the outer end portion of the structure. Therefore, for example, only by connecting the outer end portion of the roof and the structure with a wire as a connecting member, a force for pulling down the outer end portion of the roof, which is about to float, acts.

Further, the roof includes a truss beam joined to the plurality of columns.

According to this roof structure, by joining the truss beam of the roof to the plurality of columns, the interval between the columns can be widened and the number of columns can be reduced as compared with the case where no truss beam is used.
The roof structure according to claim 4 is the roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the roof is bridged in a direction intersecting with the space truss beam, and an inner end portion of the roof is provided. And a truss beam forming an outer end,

According to the building of the present invention, it is possible to reduce restrictions on the roof structure and the appearance of the spectator seats.

(A) is an elevational sectional view showing a state in which a space truss beam of a roof structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is supported by columns, and (B) shows a joint structure of the space truss beam and columns. It is the perspective view shown, and (C) is an elevation sectional view showing the state where the truss beam is supported by the space truss beam. It is a top view showing the roof structure concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a plan view showing a roof structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a partial perspective view. It is a top view showing the roof structure concerning the modification of the present invention. (A) is an elevation cross-sectional view showing a roof structure according to a comparative example of the present invention, showing a state in which the roof is suspended and supported by a wire from a pillar, (B) is another comparative example of the present invention It is the top view which showed the roof structure which concerns, and has shown the state which assembled the truss beam which supports a roof in the cross beam shape.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a roof structure 20 as a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1A, a roof structure 20 of the first embodiment includes a field 12, a mortar-shaped lower structure 14 configured to surround the field 12, and a base portion 16. Applies to building 10. In this embodiment, the building 10 is a stand.

(Roof structure)
The roof structure 20 according to the first embodiment includes a lower structure 14, a pillar 22 that is erected from the foundation 16 of the building 10 and projects upward from the lower structure 14, and a roof 30 supported by the pillar 22. , And a connecting member 50 that connects the roof 30 and the lower structure 14.

(Lower structure)
The lower structure 14 is a reinforced concrete structure including a raised floor 14</b>A that composes a spectator seat, and is supported by a support portion 14</b>B erected from a base portion 16. The step floor 14A is a slab of the lower structure 14, and the outer end portion (outer end portion of the step floor 14A) 14C of the lower structure 14 has a cantilever structure without the support portion 14E, and is intended to sink downward. The force to act is acting.
A through hole 14D is formed inside the outer end portion 14C, and the support column 22 penetrates therethrough. Although the support portion 14B is fixed to the foundation portion 16 in the embodiment, a seismic isolation device may be provided between the support portion 14B and the foundation portion 16 to support the lower structure 14 in a seismic isolation manner.

(Post)
The pillars 22 are pillars made of reinforced concrete that are erected from the base portion 16, penetrate through the through holes 14D of the lower structure 14, and project above the step floor 14A. A joint portion 22A is formed at the upper end portion of the pillar 22, and the space truss beam 40 that constitutes the roof 30 is pin-joined. As a result, the columns 22 support the load of the roof 30, but do not support the load of the lower structure 14.

(roof)
As shown in FIG. 2, the roof 30 is arranged so as to surround the field 12 and covers the lower structure 14. The skeleton of the roof 30 includes a space truss beam 40 spanned by the support columns 22, a truss beam 32 spanned in a direction intersecting with the space truss beam 40, and a beam girder 33 spanned by the truss beam 32. I have it.

(Three-dimensional truss beam)
FIG. 1A shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1A, the space truss beam 40 is a space truss having a triangular cross section in which upper chord members 42, 44 and a lower chord member 46 are connected by diagonal members 48. As shown in FIG. 1B, the lower chord member 46 is pin-joined to the joining portion 22</b>A formed at the upper end portion of the column 22 and supported by the column 22. The space truss beam 40 is installed so as to surround the field 12 as shown in FIG. That is, the space truss beam 40 is a ring truss having no end. The space truss beam 40 is an example of the truss beam in the present invention.

(Truss beam)
FIG. 1C shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. Note that the diagonal member 48 of the space truss beam 40 is omitted in order to make the configuration easy to understand. As shown in FIG. 1C, in the truss beam 32, an upper chord member 34 and a lower chord member 36 are connected by a diagonal member 38. The upper chord member 34 is joined to the upper chord member 42 and the upper chord member 44 of the space truss beam 40, and the lower chord member 36 is joined to the lower chord member 46 of the space truss beam 40. The diagonal member 38 also connects the upper chord member 42, the upper chord member 44, and the lower chord member 46. As a result, the truss beam 32 is integrated with the space truss beam 40 and is supported by the space truss beam 40.

Further, the truss beam 32 includes an inner end portion 32A inside the space truss beam 40 (close to the field 12) and an outer end portion 32B outside the space truss beam 40. The inner end portion 32A and the outer end portion 32B of the truss beam 32 correspond to the inner end portion and the outer end portion of the roof 30, respectively.

Further, a plate material (not shown) or a film material is bridged on the upper part of the small beam 33 erected on the truss beam 32 to form a roof surface. The roof surface has a water gradient of about 1/100 so that rainwater flows to the side opposite to the field 12, but is generally horizontal. The weight of the roof 30 inside the space truss beam 40 is larger than the weight outside the space truss beam 40. Therefore, the inner end portion of the roof 30 (the inner end portion 32A of the truss beam 32) tries to sink downward using the space truss beam 40 as a fulcrum, and the outer end portion of the roof 30 (the outer end portion 32B of the truss beam 32). ) Tries to float upward with the three-dimensional truss beam 40 as a fulcrum.

(Connecting member)
The connecting member 50 is a connecting member that connects the outer end portion 32B of the truss beam 32 and the outer end portion 14C of the lower structure 14, and is welded to the round steel pipe 52 and the lower end portion of the round steel pipe 52. And the base plate 54. The upper end of the round steel pipe 52 is welded to the outer end 32B of the truss beam 32, and the base plate 54 is bolted to the lower structure 14. As a result, the connecting member 50 can pull and support the truss beam 32 that tends to float upward.

The method of fixing the connecting member 50 is not limited to the above method. For example, the base plate 54 may not be provided, and the lower end of the round steel pipe 52 may be a root pillar post embedded in the lower structure 14, or the upper end of the round steel pipe 52 may be fixed to the outer end 32B of the truss beam 32 by bolts. Good. Furthermore, the fixing of the connecting member 50 is not limited to the outer end portion 14C of the raised floor 14A, and may be a portion inside the outer end portion 14C or a beam that supports the raised floor 14A. Alternatively, the connecting member 50 may be fixed to the outside of the outer end portion 14C of the raised floor 14A, that is, the anchor member installed on the foundation portion 16. In this way, the fixing position of the connecting member 50 can be appropriately selected. The lower structure 14 and the base 16 are examples of the structure in the present invention.

(Action and effect)
In the roof structure 20 of the first embodiment, the upper ends of the columns 22 and the space truss beams 40 that form the roof 30 are pin-joined. The weight of the roof 30 inside the space truss beam 40 is larger than the weight outside the space truss beam 40. Therefore, on the roof 30, the inner end portion 32A of the truss beam 32 sinks downward, and the outer end portion 32B acts so as to float upward.

On the other hand, the outer end portion 14C of the lower structure 14 has a cantilever structure, and a force to sink downward is applied.

Further, the outer end portion 32B of the truss beam 32 that tries to float upward and the outer end portion 14C of the lower structure 14 that tries to sink downward are connected by the connecting member 50. As a result, the force of rising and the force of sinking are canceled, and the roof 30 and the lower structure 14 are supported and balanced.

Furthermore, since the connecting member 50 is formed of a round steel pipe, when the blowing force is applied to the roof 30 from the field 12 side, the outer end portion 32B can withstand the compressive force that tends to sink downward. Although the inside of the connecting member 50 may be hollow, it may be filled with concrete to increase the compressive strength.

In the roof structure 20 of the first embodiment, the roof 30 is configured to be supported from below by using the columns 22 and the connecting members 50, and is not configured to be suspended from above. For this reason, a support member for hanging is not required on the upper surface of the roof 30, and the storage is simple, so that the rain is good. On the other hand, when the connecting member 50 is not used, for example, as shown in the comparative example of FIG. 5A, the pillar 220 is raised above the roof 300 and the wire 400 is used from the top of the pillar 220. It is necessary to suspend and support the roof 300. In this case, it is necessary to form the joint portion 410 with the wire 400 on the upper portion of the roof 300, which makes raining difficult.

Further, in the first embodiment, since the support column 22 only needs to bear the load of the roof 30, the cross-sectional size can be reduced as compared with the case of also bearing the load of the lower structure 14.

In the first embodiment, the space truss beam 40 is a ring truss that surrounds the field 12, and the roof 30 is also arranged so as to surround the field 12, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a plurality of columns 22 may be erected along one side surface of the field 12, truss beams may be bridged in a straight line on the columns 22, and the roof 30 may be provided only on one side of the field 12. Even if the space truss beam 40 is not a ring truss, the outer end portion 32B of the truss beam 32 is joined to the outer end portion 14C of the lower structure 14, so that the roof 30 can be held.

Alternatively, the space truss beam 40 may not be provided. In this case, a plane truss may be used instead of the space truss beam 40, and the truss beam 32 may be directly supported by the column. According to this structure, since the pitch of the support columns becomes finer, the cross-sectional area per support column can be reduced.

Furthermore, although the three-dimensional truss beam 40 is assumed to be pin-joined to the joint portion 22A of the column 22, the joining method is not limited to this. For example, semi-rigid contact or the like may be used to reduce the force of the outer end portion 32B of the truss beam 32 attempting to float upward, and the joint strength can be adjusted appropriately.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a roof structure 60 as a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The same parts as those of the roof structure 20 according to the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3(A), the roof structure 60 includes a lower structure 14, columns 22, a roof 70 supported by the columns 22, and a connecting member 50 that connects the roof 70 and the lower structure 14. Is equipped with. Further, the roof 70 includes truss beams 80, 82, 84 and truss beams 32.

As shown in FIG. 3(B), the truss beam 80 has a trapezoidal shape and is laid across two columns 22 projecting from the corners of the lower structure 14. The truss beam 82 is a parallel string truss and is bridged over the two truss beams 80. The truss beam 84 is a triangular truss, and is bridged from the joint portion of the truss beams 80 and 82 toward the corner portion of the lower structure 14 and supported by the column 22.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the truss beam 32 is laid in a direction intersecting with the truss beams 80 and 82, and the outer end portion 32B is connected to the outer end portion 14C of the lower structure 14 by the connecting member 50. Has been. Note that the truss beam 32 is omitted in FIG. 3B for the sake of clarity.

(Action and effect)
The roof structure 60 of the second embodiment has a structure in which a truss beam 80 is bridged over the columns 22 and a truss beam 82 is bridged over the truss beam 80, and the truss beam 82 is not supported by the columns. Therefore, the number of columns 22 can be reduced as compared with the roof structure 20 of the first embodiment. Further, as shown in the comparative example of FIG. 5B, the truss beam 80 is compared with the supporting span L2 of the truss beam when the truss beams are arranged in a cross beam shape in two directions of the long side direction and the short side direction. The support span L1 can be reduced. Therefore, since the truss beam 80 is not easily bent, it is possible to reduce the rigidity of the steel frame forming the truss beam 80 and reduce the weight of the truss beam. Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the column 22 supporting the truss beam 80 can be reduced.

[Modification]
Next, a modified example of the above-described embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, the support column 22 is provided upright from the base portion 16 and penetrates the through hole 14D of the lower structure 14, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be integrated with the lower structure 14 to support the load of the lower structure.

Further, in the first embodiment, the outer end portion 14C of the lower structure 14 has a cantilever structure, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 1, the outer end portion 14C may be supported by the support portion 14E that is raised from the base portion 16. Even in this case, it is possible to prevent the outer end portion 32B of the truss beam 32 from floating upward. Further, for example, when a blowing force is applied to the roof 30 from the field 12 side, the outer end portion 32B of the roof 30 tries to sink downward, but the force is via the connecting member 50 and the support portion 14E. It is transmitted to the base portion 16. As a result, the durability of the roof structure 20 can be improved when the wind is strong.

Further, although the round steel pipe 52 is used as the connecting member 50 in the first embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a square steel pipe may be used, or an H-shaped steel may be used. Alternatively, the round steel pipe 52 may be partially replaced with a wire because it is sufficient to counter the tensile force normally received from the truss beam 32 and the lower structure 14. Alternatively, all the round steel pipes 52 may be used as wires, and the inner end portion 32A of the truss beam 32 and the inner end portion of the lower structure 14 may be connected by another wire to oppose the blowing force.

Further, the structure shown in FIG. 4 can be used as the structure for bridging the truss beam 82 on the truss beam 80 supported by the support column 22 in the second embodiment. The structure shown in FIG. 4 is basically the same as that of the roof structure 60 of the second embodiment, but the supporting span of the truss beam 90 spanned by the columns 22 is the truss beam 80 (see FIG. 3A). Long compared to. Therefore, the support span of the truss beam 92 spanning the truss beam 90 is shortened, and the support span of each truss beam is averaged. Further, two truss beams 94, which are bridged from the joint portion of the truss beams 90 and 92 toward the corners of the lower structure 14, are bridged to one column 22. Therefore, the number of columns 22 is reduced.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and one embodiment and various modifications may be appropriately combined and used, and deviates from the gist of the present invention. In the range not to be carried out, it can be carried out in various modes.

14 Lower structure (structure)
14A Step floor 16 Foundation (structure)
20, 60 Roof structure 22 Supports 30, 70 Roof 32A Inner end 32B Outer end 40 Space truss beam (truss beam)
50 connecting members 80, 90 truss beams

Claims (4)

A structure with a raised floor that composes the audience seats,
A plurality of columns protruding upward from the terraced floor,
A roof supported by the plurality of columns between the inner end and the outer end,
A connecting member that connects the outer end of the roof and the structure,
Have
The roof includes a space truss beam that is formed as a ring truss without an end and is bridged over the plurality of columns.
Roof structure. The struts project upward from the inside from the outer end of the terrace,
The connecting member connects the outer end of the roof and the outer end of the terrace,
The roof structure according to claim 1. The roof structure according to claim 2, wherein an outer end portion of the raised floor is cantilevered. The roof includes a truss beam that is bridged in a direction intersecting with the three-dimensional truss beam and forms an inner end portion and an outer end portion of the roof. The roof structure shown.

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