JPH10292378A - Earth retaining wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an earth retaining wall, in which earth-pressure yield strength is increased, workability is improved and cost can be reduced. SOLUTION: The earth retaining wall 10 has a tabular retaining wall body 11 disposed in upright approximately vertically along the side face of a bedrock 2, support structural materials 12 being separate from the retaining wall body 11, being extended in the vertical direction to the retaining wall body 11 from the lower section 26 of the retaining wall body 11 or a section near to the lower section 26 and being buried into the bedrock 2, and cast-in-place concrete 13, by which the lower section 26 of the retaining wall body and the support structural materials 12 are buried integrally. Sections projected to the retaining- wall body rear side of fixtures 20 to slates 18 installed on the external surface of the retaining wall body 11 and the support structural materials 12 are connected by anchor materials 14a, 14b, and earth-pressure working to the retaining wall body 11 is transmitted and dispersed to the support structural materials 12 through the anchor materials 14a, 14b and supported.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an earth retaining wall.

[0002]

FIG. 3 shows a conventional earth retaining wall. FIG.
In this, the earth retaining wall is constituted by arranging a plurality of L-shaped blocks 1 made of concrete along the side surface of the ground 2. More specifically, the bottom plate 3 which is one of the L-shaped blocks 1 of each L-shaped block 1 is horizontally arranged and buried in the ground 2 and the vertical wall 4 which is the other of the L-shaped is placed along the side of the ground 2 It is constructed by arranging vertically and continuing horizontally. In recent years, in view of the demand for the beauty of the external appearance of the retaining wall, an exterior material is also attached to the outer surface 5 of the vertical wall 4 (the outer surface of the vertical wall 4 facing the back surface facing the ground 2). ing.

[0003]

By the way, in the earth retaining wall as described above, (1) the L-shaped block 1 is inconvenient to handle due to its shape, and it takes time to transport to the construction site or to construct. In response to the above (2) and (1), an L-shaped block in which a separate bottom plate and a vertical wall are integrated and assembled on site has been proposed. , And high strength cannot be expected. In addition, as the exterior material of the vertical wall outer surface 5, there is a demand to use a stone plate made of natural stone in order to obtain a more natural appearance. The stone slab is attached using a fixing bracket protruding from the vertical wall 4. However, since the weight of the slab is large, the L-shaped block 1 is required to support the load.
In addition, it is necessary to increase the size of the metal fittings and the fixing bracket, which causes a problem that the workability is further reduced and the cost is increased.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and improves the earth pressure resistance of a retaining wall main body by an anchor material, and easily integrates a retaining wall main body and a support structure material by cast-in-place concrete. The workability is improved, the workability is improved, the aesthetic appearance can be obtained by the stone slab, the desired earth pressure proof strength can be easily obtained even if a heavy slab is used, and the weight can be increased without increasing the size of the concrete slab by the anchor material It is an object of the present invention to provide an earth retaining wall which can support a large slab of stone and can reduce the cost.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a plate-like retaining wall main body which is erected substantially vertically along the side of the ground and a separate body from the retaining wall main body. The supporting structure material extending from the lower part of the retaining wall main body or in the vicinity thereof in the direction perpendicular to the retaining wall main body and buried in the ground, and the supporting structural material at the lower part of the retaining wall main body and in the vicinity thereof are integrated. Cast-in-place concrete to be buried in the concrete wall, the retaining wall body has a back face facing the ground side, a concrete board fixed to a fixed position on the outer side of the concrete board opposite to the back face, and a concrete board. A fixing bracket buried and fixed in such a manner as to penetrate in the thickness direction and fixed to the stone plate, wherein the fixing bracket and the support structure member projecting in the vicinity of the back surface of the concrete plate are fixed to the lower portion of the retaining wall main body. Placed away from Connected by anchor member, the earth retaining retaining wall, characterized in that detain retaining wall body against earth pressure of the natural ground by the anchor material was solution of the above problems.

In this earth retaining wall, the fixing metal for fixing the stone slab and the supporting structure are connected to each other by an anchor, so that the earth pressure acting on the main body of the retaining wall is transmitted and dispersed to the supporting structure via the anchor. As a result, high earth bearing strength can be obtained. Thus, even if a heavy stone slab is attached to the outer surface of the concrete plate, the load can be easily supported without increasing the size of the retaining wall main body and the supporting structural material.
In addition, since the fixture for fixing the stone slab is directly retained by the anchor material, even if the concrete slab is deteriorated, the slab does not fall in the direction of the outer surface of the concrete slab.

[0007] Bolts and the like are used as fixing fittings, and they are buried and fixed by penetrating through the concrete plate in a state of protruding from the back surface of the concrete plate and both sides of the outer surface. Anchor bolts, reinforcing bars, wire ropes, and the like can be used as the anchor material. Various configurations such as welding and bolt fastening can be adopted for the connection between the anchor member and the fixing bracket. This fixture can also be used for the production of concrete plates.
That is, the ends of the fixture protruding from the rear surface of the concrete plate and both sides of the outer surface can be used for supporting the formwork when the concrete plate is cast. In this case, the fixing metal is fixed to the reinforcing bars in the concrete plate in advance by welding or the like, and is firmly fixed in the concrete after the concrete plate is cast.

[0008] The outer surface of the concrete plate is covered with a plurality of stone plates connected vertically and horizontally, and the portions of the fixing brackets provided for each of the stone plates projecting in the vicinity of the rear surface of the concrete plate and the supporting structure member are respectively anchored. By adopting the connected configuration, many points of the concrete plate will be anchored to the supporting structure by the anchor material,
The entire concrete plate is retained by the supporting structural material, and a high earth bearing strength is obtained.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an earth retaining wall according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, an earth retaining wall 10 includes a retaining wall main body 11 and a support structure material 12.
(Steel frame), cast-in-place concrete 13, anchor material 14
a, 14b (anchor bolts).

The retaining wall main body 11 is a rectangular plate-like structure formed mainly of a precast concrete plate 15 (hereinafter, referred to as a “concrete plate”). A plurality of lines are arranged side by side along the side surface of the mountain 2. As shown in FIG. 2, an outer surface 17 facing a back surface 16 of the concrete plate 15 facing the ground 2 side is provided with a plurality of stone plates 18 arranged vertically and horizontally to cover. These stone plates 18 are made of natural stones,
g, and the ground 2 side is a concrete plate 1
The concrete plate 15 is semi-buried in the casting concrete 19 forming the concrete plate 5, and furthermore, the concrete plate 15 is fastened and fixed by a fixing bracket 20 (bolt) buried and fixed so as to penetrate in the thickness direction. In the manufacturing process of the concrete plate 15, the fixing bracket 20 is used for supporting the formwork at the time of placing the concrete 19 on the concrete plate 15 by fixing it to the reinforcing bars 15 a in advance by welding or the like. . When the concrete 19 is cast, the slab 1
By fastening 8 to the fixing bracket 20, the slab 18 becomes semi-buried in the cast concrete 19, and the retaining wall body 11 integrated as a whole is manufactured.

The fixing bracket 20 protrudes from the rear surface 16 of the concrete plate, and a nut 21 screwed onto the protruding portion.
Is stopped so as not to move toward the outer surface 17. Further, a fastening bracket 23 for fastening the anchor members 14a and 14b with bolts 22 is screwed to the end of the fixture 20 protruding from the concrete plate back surface 16.
In addition, the retaining wall main body 11 is not limited to the configuration shown in the figure, and the design of the number of stone plates, the number of fixing brackets for fixing the stone plates, and the like can be changed. In addition, a configuration having a drain hole, a bolt hole for suspension conveyance, or the like can be adopted.

A plurality of support structural members 12 are arranged below the retaining wall main body 11. As shown in FIG. 1, these support structural members 12 are arranged at a plurality of positions in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall main body 11, and each extend perpendicularly to the retaining wall main body 11. One end 24 in the longitudinal direction of the support structural member 12 is disposed below the retaining wall main body 11 to support the lower surface 25 of the retaining wall main body.
It is buried in the ground 2 after being buried inside. When the supporting structural member 12 is long, the other end in the longitudinal direction can be directly driven into the ground 2, and only the vicinity of the retaining wall body 11 can be buried in the cast-in-place concrete 13.

The cast-in-place concrete 13 is cast on the back side 16 of the concrete plate, and a bottom plate portion 27 is formed by burying all the supporting structural members 12 and the lower portion 26 of the retaining wall main body. In addition, if quick drying cast-in-place concrete is adopted, the construction time of the retaining wall 10 can be shortened.

As shown in FIG. 2, the anchor members 14a, 14a,
4b, one end in the longitudinal direction is fastened to a fastening bracket 23 by a bolt 22 in the vicinity of the back surface 16 of the concrete plate, and the other end is fastened to a bracket 28 protruding from the supporting structure 12 by a bolt 29. The other end of the anchor member 14a having one end fastened to the fastening bracket 23 at the upper part of the concrete plate 15 is fastened to the bracket 28 projecting from the other longitudinal end 30 of the support structure member 12, and
The other end of the anchor member 14b having one end fastened to the fastening bracket 23 at the lower portion 5 is fastened to a bracket 28 projecting from the center of the support structure member 12. Anchor material 14a
Is longer than the anchor material 14b,
The retaining wall main body 11 connected to the support structural member 12 by a and 14b is fixed vertically. In addition, these anchor materials 14
When the lengths of a and 14b are relatively changed, the retaining wall body 11
Can be connected and fixed to the support structure member 12 in an inclined state.

Fixing bracket 2 provided for one stone plate 18
0 and the number of the anchor members 14a and 14b can be increased from the numbers shown in FIGS. As a result, a heavier stone slab can be securely fixed, and
The increase in the number of the anchor members 14a and 14b can reliably support the earth pressure acting on the retaining wall main body 11.

Although a number of fixing members 10 protrude from the rear surface 16 of the concrete plate, a larger number of fixing members 10 are connected to the supporting structure member 12 by using more anchor members 14a and 14b than illustrated. By doing so, the entire retaining wall main body 11 can be efficiently retained by the supporting structural member 12, and it is possible to improve the earth pressure resistance, use a heavier stone plate, reduce the weight of the concrete plate 15, and the like.

Next, an example of a method of constructing the retaining wall 10 will be described. In order to construct the earth retaining wall 10, first, the ground 2 is leveled flat, and the support structural members 12 are leveled at a target position while being leveled. When constructing the existing ground 2, the side of the ground 2 is excavated and
The construction area equivalent to 7 is secured.

Next, one end 24 of the disposed supporting structural member 12
The retaining wall main body 11 is placed on the top, and the anchor members 14a, 14b
To fix it in an upright position. At this time, the support structure 12
Since the leveling has already been completed, the retaining wall main body 11 is positioned at the target height simply by being placed on the one end 24. Next, when the fixing of the retaining wall body 11 is completed,
As shown in FIG. 1, after the bottom plate portion 27 is completed by the cast-in-place concrete 13, as shown in FIG. 2, earth and sand are charged and the bottom plate portion 27 is buried in the ground 2.

The operation and effect of the retaining wall 10 will be described below. In this earth retaining wall 10, the retaining wall body 11
The ground pressure acting on the ground 2 is dispersed and supported on the bottom plate portion 27 via the anchor members 14a and 14b, so that the proof stress against the earth pressure is greatly improved. In addition, since the retaining wall main body 11 and the support structural member 12 are simple in shape, they can be easily transported to a construction site, and can be easily handled at the construction site.
Workability is greatly improved, and the construction period can be shortened.
In addition, since the bottom plate portion 27 and the anchor members 14a and 14b are buried in the ground 2, the ground 2 is reinforced and the strength of the ground 2 particularly near the side surface is improved, and the ground 2 is collapsed against an earthquake or the like. The effect of improving the proof stress is also obtained.

The retaining wall main body 11 can be inclined to the ground 2 side or the opposite side other than vertical. That is, in the earth retaining wall 10, the anchor members 14a, 1
By adjusting the length of 4b, the retaining wall main body 11 can be firmly retained on the supporting structure 12 while being inclined at a desired angle. When the retaining wall main body 11 is inclined such that the upper part is separated from the ground 2, the available area of the upper surface of the ground 2 can be increased by the distance t in FIG. At this time, it is expected that a higher earth pressure acts on the retaining wall main body 11 than when standing upright, but a high safety factor can be secured by improving the earth pressure resistance.

Further, in the earth retaining wall 10, since there is a high degree of freedom in the arrangement position of the supporting structural member 12, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, horizontally adjacent retaining wall bodies 11, 11a.
It is also easy to form a corner with an angle between them. That is, in this case, the support structure member 12 and the retaining wall body 11
Of the retaining wall main body 11 on the supporting structural material 12
The angle can be easily obtained because the angle is only required to be set up, and the setting of the angle is almost free.

In addition, in the earth retaining wall 10, the slab 1
8 are directly connected to the anchor members 14a,
14b, the fixing bracket 10 and the anchor members 14a, 1b, even when the retaining wall main body 11 is deteriorated.
4b keeps the stone plate 18 from falling and prevents the stone plate 18 from falling, so that an excellent effect of improving safety can be obtained. Further, by this, the fixing fitting 10 and the anchor members 14a, 14
Since b bears the supporting force of the stone slab 18, even if a heavy stone slab 18 is used, there is almost no need to enlarge the retaining wall main body 11.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the flat retaining wall body 11 is shown. However, it is also possible to adopt a retaining wall main body having a curved shape and a bent portion in the middle. By simple adjustment of the length and the like of the material, regardless of the shape of the retaining wall main body, the same high workability and earth pressure resistance as in the case of a flat plate can be obtained. Further, in the present embodiment, the configuration in which the retaining wall main body 11 is erected on the support structure 12 has been described.
The present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration in which the back surface 16 of the lower portion 26 of the retaining wall abuts against one end 24 of the support structure to position the support wall may be adopted.

[0024]

As described above, according to the earth retaining wall of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained by its structure. (A) Since the earth pressure acting on the retaining wall body is transmitted and dispersed to the supporting structure material via the anchor material and supported, a high earth pressure proof strength can be obtained. (B) Construction can be performed by assembling a plurality of members that are easy to handle on site, thereby improving workability. (C) By embedding the retaining wall body and the supporting structural material integrally with cast-in-place concrete, construction can be performed easily and the workability is improved. (D) Since the supporting structure material and the anchor material buried in the ground strengthen the ground and improve the strength of the ground, particularly near the side surface, and prevent collapse, the safety is improved. (E) Since the support structure can be constructed simply by disposing the support structure at the target position, the workability is further improved. (F) Since the stone plate is directly held to the supporting structure by the fixing bracket and the anchor material, even if the retaining wall main body is deteriorated, the stone plate can be prevented from falling and safety is improved. (G) According to (f), even if a heavy stone slab is used,
Since there is almost no need to increase the size of the concrete plate, the cost can be reduced. (H) Since it is possible to reduce the bending strength of the retaining wall main body, the use of a lightweight retaining wall main body further improves workability,
(I) By adjusting the length of the upper and lower anchor materials,
The retaining wall main body installed at an inclination can be securely and firmly secured to the support structure material, and an excellent effect that the degree of freedom of the inclination angle of the retaining wall main body is improved is exhibited.

The outer surface of the concrete plate is covered with a plurality of stone plates connected vertically and horizontally, and the portions of the fixing brackets provided for each of the stone plates protruding in the vicinity of the back surface of the concrete plate and the supporting structural member are respectively anchored. By adopting the connected structure, (u) a large number of portions of the concrete plate are fixed to the supporting structure by the anchor material, whereby the entire concrete plate is fixed to the supporting structure, and a high earth pressure resistance is obtained. (L) According to (ヲ), even when a large number of stone plates are attached, the desired strength can be obtained in the retaining wall main body without increasing the size of the concrete plate, so that the cost can be reduced. It has the effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of an earth retaining wall according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the earth retaining wall of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Ground 10 Retaining retaining wall 11 Retaining wall main body 12 Supporting structural material (steel frame) 13 Cast-in-place concrete 14 a, 14 b Anchor material (anchor bolt) 15 Concrete plate 16 Concrete plate back surface 17 Concrete plate outer surface 18 Stone plate 20 Fixing bracket (bolt) ) 26 Lower part of the retaining wall body.

Claims (2)

[Claims] A plate-shaped retaining wall main body (11) which stands substantially vertically along the side of the ground (2), and a lower part (26) of the retaining wall main body which is separate from the retaining wall main body. Alternatively, a supporting structure (12) extending in a direction perpendicular to the retaining wall main body from the vicinity thereof and buried in the ground, and a supporting structural material at the lower portion of the retaining wall main body and in the vicinity thereof are integrally buried. Cast-in-place concrete (13), wherein the retaining wall body is located at a fixed position on a concrete plate (15) having a back surface (16) facing the ground surface and a concrete plate outer surface (17) on the opposite side facing the back surface. Sticked stone slab (1
8), and a fixture (20) embedded and fixed to the concrete plate so as to penetrate the concrete plate in the thickness direction and fixed to the stone plate, wherein the fixture is protruded near the back surface of the concrete plate. And the supporting structural member are connected to each other by anchor members (14a, 14b) arranged apart from the retaining wall main body lower portion (26),
An earth retaining wall (10), characterized in that the retaining wall body is held down by the anchor material against earth pressure of the ground. 2. An outer surface of a concrete plate is covered by a plurality of stone plates connected vertically and horizontally, and a portion of each fixing metal protruding in the vicinity of the back surface of the concrete plate and a supporting structure material are respectively anchored. The retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the retaining wall is connected by a material.