JP2006057297A - Independent foundation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an independent foundation structure capable of having excellent earthquake resistance and a settlement preventive effect, increasing load bearing force in comparison with the conventional independent foundation structure and stably supporting a building constructed upward of the independent foundation structure. <P>SOLUTION: A concrete base 1 having an independent footing section 8 is formed in the upper surface of a composite body consisting of a concrete section 3 and a foam resin block 4, and a load supporting structure by concrete is enlarged downward by combining the concrete section 3 with the concrete base 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an independent foundation for buildings. More specifically, the present invention relates to an independent foundation structure including a composite made of a foamed resin block and concrete, which can stably support a building and can prevent settlement. .

  An independent foundation is a type of foundation structure that supports a single pillar with a single independent footing, and has been used as a foundation for buildings such as signboards and residential buildings. As described above, the independent foundation has a simple structure and requires less building materials, and therefore has an advantage that the construction is simpler and less expensive than other foundations such as a solid foundation or a cloth foundation.

  On the other hand, the independent foundation has a smaller footing area than the solid foundation and the fabric foundation, so its load bearing capacity is weak, and it is easy to sink due to uneven construction load and ground shape change, as well as earthquake vibration and traffic vibration, etc. There is a problem that the shaking of the building is large with respect to the occurrence of vibration. In addition, a building with a high center of gravity such as a signboard is particularly susceptible to wind pressure. When an independent foundation is adopted in such a building, the building may be shaken and tilted by the wind pressure, which is dangerous. In addition to the shaking and tilting of the building, a force that rotates with respect to the vertical axis may be applied by an external force such as wind and rain or an earthquake to twist the building and its foundation in the rotation direction. Such a twisting phenomenon is a problem that often occurs in buildings such as signboards.

  The present inventor has proposed a basic structure in which a foamed resin board is laid on the lower part of the foundation of a building in the previous invention and the earthquake resistance is improved by the vibration absorbing effect of the foamed resin board (Patent Document 1). Since these foundation structures have replaced a part of the ground with a foamed resin board that is lighter and stronger than the earth and sand constituting the ground, the ground weight can be reduced while maintaining the ground strength. Therefore, the consolidation subsidence of the ground located below the building is prevented or reduced, and as a result, the subsidence of the building is also prevented.

  By applying the foundation structure proposed by the present inventors to an independent foundation and laying a foamed resin board on the lower surface of the footing of the independent foundation, the earthquake resistance and the settlement prevention effect are improved. However, as described above, since the independent foundation has a smaller footing area than the solid foundation or the like, the effect of improving the load supporting force is not sufficient only by the strength of the foamed resin board provided on the lower surface of the foundation. In addition, due to the weak load bearing capacity, the problem of shaking due to wind pressure received by the building located above the foundation and the rotational force applied to the building and its foundation structure were applied to the foundation structure previously proposed by the present inventors. This is a problem that cannot be solved by

Japanese Patent No. 2980604

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the conventional independent foundation. In other words, the present invention has excellent seismic resistance and settling prevention effects, improves the load bearing capacity compared to the conventional independent foundation structure, and the building constructed above the independent foundation structure is affected by wind and rain. It is an object of the present invention to provide an independent foundation structure that can reduce the shaking of the building and reduce the rotational force applied to the building and its foundation.

(1) A composite body including one or two or more foamed resin blocks and a concrete portion, and a concrete base having an independent footing portion provided in contact with the upper surface of the composite body, the composite portion and the concrete At the contact surface with the base, at least a part of the lower surface of the independent footing part and the concrete part are in contact with each other, and at least one side surface of the foamed resin block is in contact with the concrete part. Independent foundation structure, characterized
(2) Four hexahedron shaped foamed resin blocks are used, these are arranged in two rows vertically and horizontally at equal intervals, and the concrete portion is formed in contact with the side surfaces of the foamed resin blocks facing each other. The independent basic structure described in (1) above,
(3) The independent foundation structure according to the above (1) or (2), wherein a drainage material is provided in contact with at least a part of the side surface of the composite part facing the ground,
(4) A plurality of independent foundation structures according to any one of the above (1) to (3) are arranged, and each independent foundation structure is connected by a connecting portion; and (5) The continuous independent foundation structure according to claim 4, wherein a foamed resin board is provided in contact with at least a part of the bottom surface of the coupling portion.
Is a summary.

  The present invention is composed of a composite and a concrete base, and a concrete part constituting the composite and an independent footing part in the concrete base are joined in contact with each other at a contact surface between the composite and the concrete base. ing. As a result, the composite body and the concrete base are firmly integrated, and thereby the entire independent foundation structure is well integrated, and the load supporting force is increased because the concrete portion in the foundation structure expands below the concrete base. Increase. Therefore, it is possible to stably support the building constructed above, and to prevent or reduce the shaking of the building even under the influence of wind and rain, etc., and to the building and its foundation. Such rotational force can also be reduced.

  Furthermore, since the composite body is provided in contact with the lower surface of the concrete base of the present invention, the surface area of the independent base structure is expanded as compared with the conventional independent base having only the independent footing. Therefore, in the present invention, the load of the building is first transmitted to the concrete base, and then to the composite provided below, and at the same time is distributed from the surface of the concrete base and the composite to the ground. As a result, the distribution area when the building load transmitted to the foundation structure is distributed to the ground is expanded, the amount of load distribution per unit area is reduced, and the load supporting force is improved accordingly.

  In addition, since a part of the composite body in the present invention is formed by replacing a part of the ground and the foamed resin block, the foamed resin block portion has a lightweight ground replacement structure. As a result, consolidation settlement of the ground below the building is prevented or reduced, thereby preventing the building from sinking. Moreover, since the said foamed resin block has an effect which attenuates an earthquake vibration and a traffic vibration, the effect which reduces the shaking of a building by these vibrations is exhibited.

  In the above-mentioned independent foundation structure, by providing drainage material in contact with at least a part of the side surface of the complex adjacent to the ground, drainage around the foundation structure is promoted and the ground is prevented from loosening due to accumulated water in the ground. be able to. As a result, the ground becomes stronger, and the settlement of the building can be prevented more reliably.

  Since the independent independent foundation structures of the present invention in which a plurality of the independent foundation structures are constructed and these independent foundation structures are connected by a connecting portion, the independent foundation structures can be restrained and fixed to each other. Can be prevented from shifting in the horizontal or vertical direction. Further, at this time, it is preferable to lay a foamed resin board on the lower surface of the connecting portion because the installation stability of the connecting portion is improved and vibrations such as earthquake vibration and traffic vibration are attenuated.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings illustrating the present invention.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an embodiment of the independent foundation structure of the present invention. The independent foundation structure of the present invention forms a hole portion by discharging earth and sand on a predetermined ground, and forms a composite body 2 including a foamed resin block 4 and a concrete portion 3 on the bottom surface of the hole portion. It can construct | assemble by installing the drainage material 5 in contact with the side surface of the adjacent composite body 2, and forming the concrete base 1 in the upper surface of a composite body then. The concrete base 1 includes an independent footing portion 8 that can independently support the whole or a part of the load of the building located above.

  2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of the independent foundation structure of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the composite 2 has four foamed resin blocks 4 installed at arbitrary intervals, and then fills the space between the foamed resin blocks 4 facing each other and the top surfaces of these foamed resin blocks 4. The concrete part 3 is formed by placing concrete so as to cover the surface. Therefore, the side surface of each foamed resin block 4 facing each other and the concrete portion 3 and the upper surface of each foamed resin block 4 and the concrete portion 3 are in contact with each other.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of the continuous independent foundation structure of the present invention. The continuous independent foundation structure shown in FIG. 4 can be constructed by forming the independent foundation structures shown in FIG. 1 at a predetermined interval and connecting each independent foundation structure with a connecting portion 6.

  The present invention is composed of the concrete base 1 and the composite 2 as described above. The composite 2 is formed from the foamed resin block 4 and the concrete portion 3. The composite 2 needs to be configured such that the concrete portion 3 is exposed at a part or all of the upper surface thereof, and a part of the side surface of the foamed resin block 4 is in contact with the concrete portion 3. . As a result, in the composite 2, a lightweight ground replacement structure by the foamed resin block 4 is enabled, and the concrete part 3 and the independent footing part 8 in the concrete base 1 are combined and integrated to support the load. The structure can be continuously extended downward from the concrete base 1, and the load bearing force can be increased.

  The upper surface of the composite 2 may be configured so that the entire surface thereof is covered with a concrete portion 3 as shown in FIGS. According to such a configuration, an area where the concrete portion 3 constituting the composite body 2 and the independent footing portion 8 are in contact with each other is increased, so that the composite body 3 and the concrete base 1 are more firmly integrated. As another embodiment, both the concrete portion 3 and the upper surface of the foamed resin block 4 may be exposed on the upper surface of the composite 3. As described above, in the present invention, the concrete portion 3 is exposed on at least a part of the upper surface of the composite 3, and the exposed concrete portion 3 and the bottom surface of the independent footing portion 8 in the concrete base 1 to be formed are in contact with each other. It is important to.

  The shape of the composite body 2 configured as described above is not particularly limited. However, since the concrete base 1 is provided on the upper surface of the composite body 2, the upper surface of the composite body 2 may be a flat surface. desirable. For example, as an example of the shape of the composite 2, as shown in FIG. 3, it has a hexahedral structure, and the cross-sectional shape is a concrete part 3 formed in a cross shape and a foamed resin block 4 in contact with the concrete part 3. A certain shape may be sufficient, or as shown in FIG. 7, the whole cross-sectional shape may be a rectangle. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the concrete portion 3 may be provided in a polygonal frame having a certain thickness made of the foamed resin block 4. However, the composite of the present invention is not limited to the shape described above. In addition, the dimensions of the composite 2 can be appropriately determined depending on factors such as the dimensions of the concrete base 1 such as the load and scale of the building, the ground support force, the support load per independent foundation structure, and the like. The dimensions of the concrete part 3 and the foamed resin block 4 and the proportion of both of them can also be determined appropriately according to the various factors described above.

  Examples of the foamed resin body used for the foamed resin block 4 in the present invention include a polystyrene resin foam, a polyethylene resin foam, a polypropylene resin foam, a polyurethane resin foam, a polyvinyl chloride resin foam, There are thermoplastic polyester resin foam, polycarbonate resin foam, polyamide resin foam, polyphenylene ether resin foam, or a mixture of two or more of the above-described resins. In particular, a polystyrene resin foam, a polyethylene resin foam, a polypropylene resin foam, and a combination thereof are preferable from the viewpoint of weight and strength. Polyurethane resin foam may deteriorate in durability when hydrolysis occurs in the ground, and polyvinyl chloride resin foam generates hydrochloric acid gas when burned, causing pollution problems. Therefore, when using these resin foams, it is necessary to pay attention not to cause the above problem.

  The foamed resin block 4 formed from the foamed resin body has a desired shape by so-called in-mold foaming in which a foamed particle is filled in a container formed in a desired shape and heated to fuse the foamed particles together. It can be formed as a foamed resin block having a shape. Alternatively, by filling bead-shaped foam particles in a container having an appropriate shape and heating them to fuse the foam particles together to form a foam resin block having an appropriate shape, and further processing to obtain a desired shape It can be formed as a foamed resin block having a desired shape. The foamed resin block 4 need not be formed as a single block, and a plurality of appropriately shaped blocks can be formed and combined to form a foamed resin block 4 having a desired shape.

Compressive strength of the foamed resin block 4 in the present invention is more preferably is at 30 N / cm ² or more is desirable 40N / cm ² or more. By setting the compressive strength to 30 N / cm ² or more, the foamed resin block is required to have sufficient load bearing force in the building foundation structure. Therefore, from the viewpoint of load bearing capacity, the strength of the foamed resin block is preferably as high as possible. However, in order to form a foamed resin having a high foamed resin strength, the cost generally increases, so that sufficient strength is provided. In order not to cause economic disadvantages, the compressive strength is preferably 250 N / cm ² or less, and more preferably 200 N / cm ² or less. In addition, the compressive strength described in the present specification can be measured according to the short-term compressive strength measuring method shown in JIS K 7220. Specifically, a test piece having a vertical dimension of about 50 mm, a horizontal dimension of about 50 mm, and a thickness of about 50 mm is prepared, the test piece is compressed at a loading speed of 10 mm / min, and the compressive stress at 5% compression strain is measured. Thus, the compressive strength of the foamed resin block 4 in the present invention can be obtained.

  On the other hand, as the concrete used for the concrete part 3, any concrete can be used as long as it can be generally used as concrete for a foundation of a building. The same applies to the concrete base 1 described below.

  The composite 2 configured as described above can further be provided with a drainage material 5 on its side surface. The drainage material 5 is a foamed resin plate having a flow path for draining water contained in the surrounding ground. Specifically, for example, a cut groove is provided on one or both sides of the foamed resin plate, a plurality of holes penetrating in the thickness direction are provided in the foamed resin plate, or both the cut groove and the hole are provided. Thus, the drainage material 5 can be formed. As another forming method, a foamed resin plate having a large number of gaps leading from the inside to the outside by forming foamed resin particles such as chips and cylinders, and foamed resin particles of other shapes in the mold, It can be set as the drainage material 5 using this. As the foamed resin body forming the foamed resin plate used for the drainage material 5, the same foamed resin body that can be used for the foamed resin block 4 described above can be used.

  The drainage material 5 is installed in contact with at least a part of the side surface of the composite 2 adjacent to the ground. In order to increase drainage efficiency, it is desirable to provide the drainage material 5 in contact with the entire side surface of the composite 2. However, the dimensions and installation position of the drainage material 5 are determined in consideration of the nature and cost of the ground. Good.

  As an example of the shape of the drainage material 5, as shown in FIG. 10, there is one in which a cut groove 9 is provided on one side surface of a foamed resin plate. By installing the drainage material 5 on the side surface of the composite 2 adjacent to the ground, drainage of moisture existing around the side surface of the independent foundation structure can be promoted efficiently. Therefore, when the present invention is carried out especially on the ground with poor drainage, it is desirable to install the drainage material 5 to improve the drainage problem, strengthen the ground, and prevent the settlement of the building. Moreover, even if the ground is not so drained, the water content of the ground rises when it rains. However, by providing the drainage material 5, drainage of water around the present invention can be promptly promoted to reinforce the ground. It is effective. In addition, the drainage material 5 is clogged by covering the drainage material 5 with a permeable sheet such as a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or a synthetic resin mesh sheet having a hole diameter through which soil, sand, gravel, etc. in the ground cannot pass. Can be prevented.

  After the composite 2 is formed, the concrete base 1 formed on the upper surface thereof is a structure that can be constructed in the same manner as a conventionally known independent base. Therefore, an independent footing portion 8 capable of supporting the load of the building constructed above with a point is provided, and the load of the building is transmitted by a beam or a column constructed next above the concrete foundation portion 1. It is a structure.

  The shape of the concrete base 1 is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known shape of an independent foundation structure can be appropriately employed. For example, the shape of the independent footing portion 8 in the concrete base 1 may be a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a trapezoid, a cylinder, or the like, or a polygonal body such as a hexagon, an octagon, or the like in which the top and bottom surfaces are parallel. Also good. Moreover, although the dimension of the concrete base 1 can be suitably determined according to the scale of a building, a load, etc., it is preferable that the bottom area is below the area of the upper surface of the composite_body | complex 2. FIG.

  As described above, in the present invention, the concrete portion 3 constituting the composite body 2 is provided in contact with the side surface of the foamed resin block 4 and the concrete portion 3 and the concrete foundation portion 1 are connected in contact with each other to be loaded by the concrete. It is important to expand the support part downward. Therefore, in the construction sequence of the present invention, the foamed resin block 4 is first installed, then the concrete for the concrete portion 3 is placed, and at the same time or before the concrete is solidified, the concrete for the concrete base 1 is placed. It is desirable that the concrete part 3 and the concrete base 1 be combined and integrated. However, the construction order of the present invention is not limited to this, and any order and method that enables the above-described structure can be adopted as appropriate.

  Next, the continuous independent foundation structure of the present invention will be described. In the continuous independent foundation structure of the present invention, a plurality of the independent foundation structures of the present invention described above are constructed at predetermined positions, and a connecting portion 6 is formed between adjacent independent foundation structures, whereby a plurality of independent foundation structures are formed. They can be linked and constructed (see FIG. 4).

  Although the shape of the said connection part 6 is not specifically limited, For example, the prism-shaped or cylindrical connection part 6 is employable. Moreover, although the material which comprises the connection part 6 is not specifically limited, Since installation stability is calculated | required in the ground, it is preferable that it is a concrete or what has the intensity | strength more than equivalent.

  The connecting part 6 connects both ends of the connecting part 6 to the side face of the concrete base 1 in one independent foundation structure and the side face of the concrete base 1 in another independent base structure facing it. Can be provided substantially horizontally. As an example of a method for forming the connecting portion 6, there is a method in which a mold having a desired shape that connects between the independent foundation structures facing each other is provided, and concrete is placed thereon. At this time, a reinforcing bar is stretched between each independent foundation structure in advance, and the concrete is placed so as to include the reinforcing bar inside, or a connecting part 6 is formed of concrete and then a reinforcing bar is stretched on its side surface, This is desirable because the strength of the connecting portion 6 can be improved. As another example of the forming method, a connecting portion 6 having a shape such as a prism or a cylinder formed in advance is installed substantially horizontally between the independent foundation structures facing each other, and both ends of the connecting portion 6 are respectively connected to the independent foundation structures. Can be formed by bonding to the side surface of the concrete base 1 in FIG. However, the shape and formation method of the connection part 6 are not limited to the above-mentioned example. The connecting portion 6 in the present invention connects independent foundation structures facing each other, thereby linking a plurality of independent foundation structures, and preventing each independent foundation structure from shifting in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. This is very important.

  In addition, the surface surrounded by each independent foundation structure in the said continuous independent foundation structure and the connection part 6 which connects it may have earth and sand exposed, or planar structures, such as concrete slab and soil, are provided. May be.

  Further, the foamed resin board 7 can be laid in contact with at least a part of the bottom surface of the connecting portion 6. 5 and 6 show an example in which a foamed resin board 7 larger than the bottom area is laid on the bottom surface of the connecting portion 6. By providing the foamed resin board 7 on the bottom surface of the connecting portion 6, even when the connecting portion 6 is formed of a heavy material, a load is applied to each independent base structure coupled to both ends of the connecting portion 6. This can be prevented. Further, the vibration damping effect of the foamed resin board 7 exerts an effect of attenuating earthquake vibrations and traffic vibrations, so that it is desirable to prevent the connecting portion 6 from being damaged by these vibrations.

Side surface schematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the independent foundation structure of this invention XX sectional view of the independent foundation structure of FIG. YY sectional view of the independent foundation structure of FIG. The plane schematic which shows one Embodiment of the continuous independent foundation structure of this invention Partial plan schematic diagram of continuous independent foundation structure of the present invention ZZ sectional view of the continuous independent foundation structure of FIG. Schematic diagram of horizontal cross section of composite in the present invention Schematic diagram of horizontal cross section of composite in the present invention Schematic diagram of horizontal cross section of composite in the present invention Partial perspective view showing one embodiment of drainage

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concrete base 2 Composite 3 Concrete part 4 Foamed resin block 5 Drainage material 6 Beam 7 Foamed resin board 8 Independent footing part 9 Drainage material 10 Groove

Claims (5)

  A composite base formed of one or two or more foamed resin blocks and a concrete part, and a concrete base having an independent footing part provided in contact with the upper surface of the composite; and the composite part and the concrete base In the contact surface, at least a part of the lower surface of the independent footing portion and the concrete portion are in contact with each other, and at least one side surface of the foamed resin block is in contact with the concrete portion. Independent foundation structure.   The four foamed resin blocks having a hexahedron shape are used, these are arranged in two rows vertically and horizontally at equal intervals, and the concrete portion is formed in contact with the side surfaces of the foamed resin blocks facing each other. Item 4. The independent foundation structure according to Item 1.   The independent foundation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a drainage material is provided in contact with at least a part of a side surface of the composite portion facing the ground.   A plurality of independent foundation structures according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of independent foundation structures are connected to each other by a connecting portion. The continuous independent foundation structure according to claim 4, wherein a foamed resin board is provided in contact with at least a part of the bottom surface of the connecting portion.

Images