JP2006035898A - Cabin of construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To certainly attend to a request of operator protection in overturning of a machine of any model while applying a system commonly using a part of a cabin frame in a plurality of models. <P>SOLUTION: This cabin frame to be a framework is constituted by furnishing a rear part frame body A having strength sufficient to secure a living space of an operator in overturning of the machine and a front part frame body B arranged in front of the rear part frame body A; and connecting the rear part frame body A as a common part to be commonly used among the plurality of models and the front part frame body B as a changing part to change dimensions in the longitudinal direction in accordance with the plurality of models to each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a cabin of a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator.

  The prior art will be described taking a hydraulic excavator as a preferred example of the present invention as an example.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the hydraulic excavator includes a crawler-type lower traveling body 1, an upper revolving body 2 mounted on the lower traveling body 1 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and an upper revolving body 2. A cabin 4 is provided on the upper swing body 2.

  Here, in general, the work attachment 3 is on the right side of the upper swing body 2 (the right side as viewed from the operator seated in the cabin 4; the same applies to the left and right and front and rear directions described below), and the cabin 4 is on the left side. A doorway 6 is provided on the left side surface of the cabin 4 and is opened and closed by a door 5.

  The cabin 4 is constructed by attaching various attachments (door 5, exterior panel, window glass, etc.) to the cabin frame that is a framework, and is mainly a frame type that ensures the cabin strength necessary for the cabin frame. It is known.

  A known example of the cabin frame in this frame type cabin is shown in FIG.

  The cabin frame 7 includes front pillars 8 and 9 erected on the left and right sides of the front part, rear pillars 10 and 11 erected on the left and right sides of the rear part, and a substantially center between the left front and rear pillars 8 and 10. The center pillar 12 standing upright, the left roof member 13 spanned between the upper ends of the left front and rear pillars 8 and 10, and the upper end of the right front and rear pillars 9 and 11 The passed right roof member 14, the upper front cross member 15 spanned between the upper ends of the left and right front pillars 8, 9, the lower front cross member 16 spanned between the lower ends, and the left and right rear pillars 10. , 11 is constituted by an upper rear cross member 17 spanned between the upper ends, and a lower rear cross member 18 spanned between the lower ends thereof.

  The joints of these components are integrated by welding.

  Further, the left front and center pillars 8 and 12 and the left roof member 13 form an entrance 6 in FIG.

  As described above, in the known cabin frame 7, the front-side portal structure is formed by the left and right front pillars 8 and 9 and the upper and lower front cross members 15 and 16, and the left and right rear pillars 10 and 11 and the upper and lower rear cross members. 17 and 18, respectively, the rear gate structure is configured, and the front and rear portal structures are connected by the left and right roof members 13 and 14, respectively.

  In this frame configuration, the load acting on the cabin is transmitted to the front and rear portal structures and distributed throughout the frame, and is received equally by all the components.

  Therefore, uniform strength and rigidity are required for all components.

  On the other hand, in the excavator, as the form of the upper turning body 2, for example, a standard type in which the rear side protrudes outside the vehicle width during turning, a small rear turning type in which the rear side does not protrude outside the vehicle width, There are three types of attachments 3 in the ultra-small turning type that do not come out of the vehicle width in the upright state.

  Since these three models have different sizes (front-rear direction dimensions) of the upper swing body 2, the front-rear direction dimensions of the cabins 4 mounted thereon are also different for each type.

  In this case, if the cabin frame 7 having different longitudinal dimensions for each type is designed and assembled, the manufacturing cost increases.

Thus, a technique has been proposed in which some of the components of the cabin frame 7 are shared among models, and the remaining elements are replaced for each model (see Patent Document 1).
JP 2000-96615 A

  However, according to the publicly known technology described in Patent Document 1, the configuration is such that a part of the components of the cabin frame is replaced only from the viewpoint that a part of the cabin does not protrude outside the vehicle width when turning. Therefore, a difference occurs in the strength and rigidity of the cabin frame 7.

  In other words, from the viewpoint of protecting the operator when the machine is overturned (at the time of rollover), the purpose of maintaining sufficient strength and rigidity to secure the operator's living space is missing. There was a risk that the frame strength and rigidity of a rear part would be low, and the operator could not be adequately protected during a fall.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a construction machine cabin capable of reliably meeting the requirement of operator protection at the time of machine overturning through each model while adopting a method in which a part of the cabin frame is shared by a plurality of models. .

  The invention of claim 1 includes a rear frame body having sufficient strength to secure an operator's living space when the machine falls, and a front frame body disposed in front of the rear frame body, The rear frame body is used as a common part shared by a plurality of models, and the front frame body is used as a changed part whose front-rear dimension is changed according to a plurality of models. A frame is constructed.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, as a component of the rear frame body, at least a center pillar disposed at a middle portion in the front-rear direction on one side of the left and right sides of the cabin, and both left and right sides behind the center pillar Left and right rear pillars and connecting members that connect the upper ends of the pillars to each other, and each component constitutes a rear frame body that is a gate-shaped structure with a triangular outer shape. Is.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the second aspect, as a connecting member of the rear frame body, a frame member is bridged between the upper ends of the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars in an integrated state.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the second aspect, as a connecting member of the rear frame body, a triangular plate member is provided integrally between the upper ends of the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of any of the second to fourth aspects, the center pillar of the rear frame body is disposed on the cabin entrance / exit side of the left and right sides.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the structure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars are arranged so that the planar shape of the rear frame body is a non-right triangle.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the sixth aspect, the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars are arranged so that the planar shape of the rear frame body is an isosceles triangle.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of any one of the first to seventh aspects, horizontal joint portions are provided on the front surface side of the rear frame body and the rear surface side of the front frame body, and the joint portions overlap each other. In addition, the cabin frame is configured by combining the overlapping allowances in an adjustable state.

  According to the present invention, the rear part of the cabin frame (rear frame body) which is the living part of the operator is shared between each model as a part having sufficient strength to secure the living space when the machine falls, and the front part ( Since the front frame body is a changed portion whose dimensions in the front-rear direction are changed according to the model, it is possible to reliably meet the demand for operator protection through all shared models.

  In this case, according to the invention of claim 2, since the rear frame body which is a shared part is configured as a gate-shaped structure having a triangular shape in plan view (asymmetrical left and right), the rear frame body has high strength and high rigidity. Exhibits high load-bearing performance, especially in terms of torsional load resistance.

  That is, the strength required to secure the living space can be obtained with minimum components. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the weight of the rear frame body and meet the demand for reducing the weight of the cabin.

  Further, since the side load applied to the cabin frame when the machine falls down can be concentrated on the rear frame body of the portal structure, the front frame body can be relatively low in strength. As a result, the amount of components of the front frame body can be reduced, and the cross-sectional size can be reduced.

  Thereby, while achieving the basic purpose of protecting the operator at the time of falling, it is possible to widen the forward field of view and realize further weight reduction.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the frame member is used as the connecting member of the rear frame body, the entire rear frame body can be lightened, which is particularly advantageous in terms of reducing the weight of the cabin.

  On the other hand, according to the invention of claim 4, since the triangular plate material is used as the connecting member of the rear frame body, the rear frame body becomes slightly heavy, but the integrated strength of the rear frame body can be increased, Assembling becomes easy.

  According to the invention of claim 5, by arranging the center pillar on the entrance / exit side, the side load at the time of the fall can be reliably transmitted to the rear frame body, and the deformation suppressing action can be effectively exhibited.

  According to the sixth and seventh aspects of the invention, since the planar shape of the rear frame body is a non-right triangle, the torsional strength and rigidity are increased and the deformation suppressing effect is high as compared with the case of the right triangle.

  In particular, according to the invention of claim 7 in which the planar shape is an isosceles triangle, the torsional strength and rigidity are the largest among the triangles, and the rear frame body is most difficult to deform. For this reason, the objective of operator protection can be achieved more reliably.

  On the other hand, according to the invention of claim 8, the dimension of the cabin frame in the front-rear direction can be changed by adjusting the overlap margin between the joint portions. That is, not only the rear frame body but also the front frame body can be shared. For this reason, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the following embodiments, in the case of a frame-type cabin, a case where the cabin frame is applied to two models (for example, a standard type and a small rear turning type) is taken as an example.

  The cabin frame 21 in each embodiment includes a rear frame body A having sufficient strength and rigidity to secure an operator's living space when the machine falls, and a front frame disposed in front of the rear frame body A. It is configured by combining the body B and the rear frame body A as a common part shared by both models, and the front frame body B as a modified part whose dimensions in the front-rear direction are changed according to the model. .

  In the following embodiments, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, when the front frame B is displayed separately in the case of the standard type and the case of the small rear swivel type, the standard type is denoted by B <b> 1. The reference B2 is attached to the rear small turning type.

1st Embodiment (refer FIGS. 1-5)
In the cabin frame 21 according to the first embodiment, left and right front pillars 22 and 23 whose upper end portions are curved rearward, and left and right roof members 24 and 25 extending horizontally rearward from the upper ends of the front pillars 22 and 23, Changed by the lower front cross member 26 spanned between the lower ends of the front pillars 22 and 23 and the left and right front lower frames 27 and 28 mounted horizontally on the rear surfaces of the lower ends of the front pillars 22 and 23. A front frame body B (B1, B2) which is a part is configured.

  On the other hand, the rear frame body A, which is a common part, includes left and right rear pillars 29, 30, a center pillar 31 positioned between the left rear pillar 29 and the left front pillar 22 of the front frame body B, and the center pillar 31. The left rear lower frame 32 spanned between the lower ends of the left rear pillar 29, the right rear lower frame 33 mounted horizontally on the rear surface of the right rear pillar 30, the rear end of the rear lower frame 33, and the left rear pillar 29, and a lower rear cross member 34 spanned between the lower end portions of 29.

  The center pillar 31 of the rear frame body A, the left front pillar 22 of the front frame body B, and the left roof member 24 form an entrance / exit 6 shown in FIG.

  Further, the center pillar 31 may be disposed in the middle in the front-rear direction on the left side, or may be disposed in a position shifted to either the front or back from the middle.

  The center pillar 31 and the left and right rear pillars 29 and 30 are arranged in a state of being positioned at the vertices of the triangle in plan view, and frame members 35, 36, and 36 serving as connecting members in a triangular arrangement between the upper ends of the pillars 29 to 31. 37 is spanned together.

  Thus, the rear frame body A is configured as a left-right asymmetric gate-shaped structure whose outer shape is a triangle in plan view.

  Here, the right rear pillar 30 is arranged on the right side at the center in the front-rear direction (middle) between the center pillar 31 and the left rear pillar 29, and the planar shape of the rear frame body A is an isosceles triangle (see FIG. 3).

  In addition, as each component of the rear and front frame bodies A and B, a round pipe, a C-shaped frame member, or the like may be used in addition to the illustrated square pipe. Or you may use these properly according to a site | part.

  The front frame body B which is the changed portion is selected from the first and second front frame bodies B1 and B2 as shown in FIG.

  The front frame bodies B1 and B2 have two horizontal roof members 24 and 25 and front lower frames 27 and 28, which are horizontal portions, according to two types of cabins (standard type and small rear turning type) to be applied. (X and Y in FIG. 2 indicate the front and rear direction dimensions of the right roof member 25 as an example), and these horizontal portions are joined and integrated with the rear frame body A by welding or the like using the horizontal portions as joining portions. The

  Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in the case of the standard type, the first front frame body B1 is selected and the cabin frame 21 having a relatively large front-rear dimension L1 is used. The second front frame body B2 is selected, and the cabin frames 21 having a small front-rear dimension L2 are respectively configured. The cabin 5 is attached to the door 5, the exterior panel, the window glass, and the like in FIG. Composed.

  In this way, the rear frame body A, which becomes the living part of the operator, is shared among the models as a part having sufficient strength and rigidity to secure a living space when the machine falls down, and the front frame body B is the model. Since it is changed according to the (dimension in the longitudinal direction of the cabin), it is possible to reliably meet the demand for operator protection in both shared models.

  Here, since the rear frame body A, which is a common part, is configured as a portal structure, a lateral load (indicated by a double line arrow in FIG. 3) applied to the left side surface at the time of falling is rear frame body. The frame body A as a whole is deformed in a concentrated manner at A.

  In this case, since the center pillar 31 is disposed on the entrance / exit side where the side load acts directly, the load can be reliably transmitted to the rear frame body A, and the deformation suppressing action can be effectively exhibited.

  In addition, since it is a triangle in plan view including the center pillar 31, it is possible to obtain a high load support performance (particularly torsion resistance) as a whole, because the load transmission is good and the strength of each element is maximized.

  In addition, since the planar shape is an isosceles triangle, the torsional resistance strength is the largest among the triangles, and is most difficult to deform.

  FIG. 5 shows the results obtained by analyzing the load support performance of the rear frame body A of the first embodiment by analyzing the deformation when the lateral load indicated by the double line arrow in FIG. 3 is received.

  This figure shows a case where the deformation state of the rear frame body A is viewed from the rear, and each component (center pillar 31 and left and right rear pillars 29, 30) of the frame body A is deformed equally, The left and right front pillars 22 and 23 of the front frame body B that are not constituent elements of the body A are hardly deformed, that is, the load is concentrated on the rear frame body A, and each constituent element of the frame body A It can be seen that the load is transmitted and the entire frame body A is deformed integrally. In the figure, O indicates an operator in the cabin.

Also, according to this cabin frame configuration,
i) With respect to the rear frame body A, it is possible to obtain the strength and rigidity necessary for securing a living space with a minimum number of components.

  ii) Since the front frame body B is not required to have high strength, the amount of its constituent elements is small and the cross-sectional size can be small.

  With these two points, both the frame bodies A and B can be lightened, and the request for weight reduction of the entire cabin can be met.

  Further, since the front frame body B (B1, B2) has a minimum number of components and the cross-sectional size thereof may be smaller than that of the rear frame body A, the front view and the side view required for the work are required. Can be expanded to the maximum. In FIG. 3, a region that is a field of view from the operator O in the cabin is indicated by hatching.

Other Embodiments In the following embodiments, only differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a triangle straddling between the upper ends of the pillars 29 to 31 is used as a connecting member constituting the rear frame body A while taking basically the same frame configuration as the first embodiment. The frame material is provided with the plate material 38 in an integrated state.

  According to this configuration, the rear frame body A is slightly heavier than in the first embodiment, but the integrated strength of the frame body A can be increased. In addition, as compared with the case of using a plurality of frame members 35 to 37 as in the first embodiment, the number of connecting members is one, so that assembly is facilitated.

  In both the third and fourth embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the position in the front-rear direction of the right rear pillar 30 constituting the rear frame body A is different from that in the first embodiment. That is, the right rear pillar 30 is disposed at the same front-rear direction position (substantially central portion in the cabin front-rear direction) as the center pillar 31 in the case of the third embodiment, and at the same front-rear direction position as the left rear pillar 29 in the fourth embodiment. is doing.

  Also with this configuration, the load supporting performance close to that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  FIGS. 9 and 10 show fifth and sixth embodiments as two examples in which the framework structure of the front frame body B is changed with respect to the first embodiment.

  In the fifth embodiment, the right front pillar 23 of the first embodiment is omitted, and in the sixth embodiment, the left front pillar 22 is omitted, while the upper front cross member 39 is added in parallel with the lower front cross member 26. Indicates.

  Thus, since the front frame body B is not required to have high strength and high rigidity, the arrangement pattern of the components can be selected from a wide range of options from the viewpoint of expansion of the field of view and weight reduction.

  Next, a seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 11 will be described.

  In the first embodiment, the first front frame body B1 that is applied to the standard type and the second front frame body B2 that is applied to the small rear turning type are separately manufactured and used in accordance with the model. On the other hand, in the seventh embodiment, the front frame body B is also a common part shared by both models, and the front and rear direction dimensions are adjusted according to the model when coupled to the rear frame body A. Yes.

  That is, while the left and right roof members 24 and 25 and the left and right front lower frames 27 and 28, which are horizontal portions of the front frame body B, are respectively provided with front joint portions 40 extending horizontally rearward, the rear frame body Rear joints 41 are provided on the front surface of A (the front surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the center pillar 31 and the right rear pillar 30) that protrude horizontally in the forward direction.

  Both the front and rear joint portions 40, 41, 41 are formed in the same square pipe shape as the components of the frame bodies A, B, and are fixed in a male-female fitting state, whereby both frame bodies A , B.

  At this time, by adjusting the fitting allowance (overlap allowance) of the joint portions 40, 41, the front-rear direction dimension of the entire cabin frame 21 can be set to a size according to the model.

  According to this configuration, since not only the rear frame body A but also the front frame body B can be shared, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.

  The joint portions 40, 41, ... are not limited to a square pipe shape but may be a round pipe shape. Alternatively, one may be formed into a square pipe shape or a round pipe shape, and the other may be formed into a square or round rod shape or a plate shape fitted into the square pipe shape or the round pipe shape. Moreover, you may take the structure which couple | bonds both in plate shape and overlapped.

  By the way, in the said embodiment, although the center pillar 31 was arrange | positioned on the left side, when an entrance is formed in the right side, it is desirable to arrange | position the center pillar 31 also on the right side.

  In the above-described embodiment, the rear frame body A is configured as a gate-shaped structure having a triangular shape in plan view. However, for example, a pillar may be added to form a quadrilateral shape in plan view or the like. Alternatively, only the upper surface portion of the frame body A may be formed in a rectangular shape in plan view.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to two types of the standard type and the small rear turning type has been described. However, the present invention can also be applied to three or more types in which an ultra-small turning type is added. .

It is a perspective view showing a cabin frame concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the same exploded perspective view. It is the same top view. It is the same side view. It is the figure which looked at the deformation | transformation state by a side load in the frame structure of 1st Embodiment from the back. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 7th Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a schematic side view of a hydraulic excavator to which the present invention is applied. It is the same top view. It is a perspective view which shows the conventional cabin frame.

Explanation of symbols

21 Cabin frame A Rear frame body 29, 30 Left and right rear pillars constituting the rear frame body 31 Same center pillar 32 Lower left frame 33 Same rear lower frame 34 Same lower cross member 35, 36, 37 Frame as connecting member Material B Front frame body 22,23 Left and right front pillars 24,25 constituting the front frame body 26 Right and left roof members 26 Same lower front cross members 27,28 Same left and right front lower frames 38 Connection of rear frame bodies Triangular plate as member 40 Joint part of front frame body 41 Joint part of rear frame body

Claims (8)

  A rear frame body having sufficient strength to secure an operator's living space when the machine falls over, and a front frame body disposed in front of the rear frame body, the rear frame body being a plurality of models The common part shared among the above, the front frame body as a changed part whose front-rear direction dimension is changed according to a plurality of models, these are combined to form a cabin frame that becomes a framework Features a construction machine cabin.   In the cabin of the construction machine according to claim 1, as a component of the rear frame body, at least a center pillar disposed in a middle portion in the front-rear direction on one side of the left and right sides of the cabin, and disposed on both left and right sides behind the center pillar. Left and right rear pillars, and a connecting member that connects the upper ends of the pillars, and each component constitutes a rear frame body that is a gate-shaped structure having a triangular outer shape. And construction machinery cabin.   3. The construction machine cabin according to claim 2, wherein a frame member is integrally bridged between upper ends of the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars as a connecting member of the rear frame body. .   The cabin of a construction machine according to claim 2, wherein a triangular plate member is provided integrally between the upper ends of the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars as a connecting member of the rear frame body. cabin.   The construction machine cabin according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the center pillar of the rear frame body is disposed on the cabin entrance side of the left and right sides.   The construction machine cabin according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars are arranged so that the planar shape of the rear frame body is a non-right triangle.   The cabin of a construction machine according to claim 6, wherein the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars are arranged so that the planar shape of the rear frame body is an isosceles triangle.   In the cabin of the construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, horizontal joint portions are respectively provided on the front surface side of the rear frame body and the rear surface side of the front frame body, and the joint portions overlap each other. And the cabin of the construction machine characterized in that the cabin frame is configured by combining the overlapping margins in an adjustable state.

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