JP2006037360A - Cabin of construction equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a framed cabin of construction equipment which ensures the strength of the cabin so as to be consistent with the type of the construction equipment at a low cost, and achieves the weight reduction of the cabin. <P>SOLUTION: A cabin frame 21 as a skeleton of the construction equipment is composed of a rear frame body A and a front frame body B arranged on the front of the rear frame body A, and they are combined with each other when used. The front frame body serves as a common section which is available in common for three types of construction equipment, including construction equipment without an operator protective function, lightweight construction equipment with the operator protective function, and heavyweight construction equipment with the operator protective function. The rear frame body A functions as an exchangeable member having different strength depending on the type of the construction equipment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a cabin of a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator.

  The prior art will be described taking a hydraulic excavator as a preferred example of the present invention as an example.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the hydraulic excavator includes a crawler type lower traveling body 1, an upper revolving body 2 that is mounted on the lower traveling body 1 so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis, and an upper revolving body 2. A cabin 4 is provided on the upper swing body 2.

  Here, in general, the work attachment 3 is on the right side of the upper swing body 2 (the right side as viewed from the operator seated in the cabin 4; the same applies to the left and right and front and rear directions described below), and the cabin 4 is on the left side. A doorway 6 is provided on the left side surface of the cabin 4 and is opened and closed by a door 5.

  As the cabin 4, a frame-type cabin is known in which an accessory such as a door or window glass is attached to a frame frame having a frame structure made of a pipe material (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 13 shows a general configuration of a cabin frame in this frame type cabin.

  The cabin frame 7 includes front pillars 8 and 9 erected on the left and right sides of the front part, rear pillars 10 and 11 erected on the left and right sides of the rear part, and a substantially center between the left front and rear pillars 8 and 10. The center pillar 12 standing upright, the left roof member 13 spanned between the upper ends of the left front and rear pillars 8 and 10, and the upper end of the right front and rear pillars 9 and 11 The passed right roof member 14, the upper front cross member 15 spanned between the upper ends of the left and right front pillars 8, 9, the lower front cross member 16 spanned between the lower ends, and the left and right rear pillars 10. , 11 is constituted by an upper rear cross member 17 spanned between the upper ends, and a lower rear cross member 18 spanned between the lower ends thereof.

  The joints of these components are integrated by welding.

  Further, the left front and center pillars 8 and 12 and the left roof member 13 form an entrance 6 in FIG.

  In this known cabin frame 7, the left and right front pillars 8 and 9 and the upper and lower front cross members 15 and 16 have a front gate structure, the left and right rear pillars 10 and 11 and the upper and lower rear cross members 17 and 18. Each of the rear gate structures is configured, and the front and rear portal structures are connected by the left and right roof members 13 and 14.

  In this frame configuration, the load acting on the cabin is transmitted to the front and rear portal structures and distributed throughout the frame, and is received equally by all the components.

  Therefore, uniform strength and rigidity are required for all components.

  By the way, there are two types of cabins for hydraulic excavators, one with an operator protection function that protects the operator by preventing deformation of the occupant's living area when the machine is overturned (at the time of rollover), and one that does not have such an operator protection function. There is a street.

  In this case, the one with the operator protection function requires the strength required to secure the living space at the time of falling, whereas the one without the operator protection function may have a relatively low strength.

Also, in cabins with an operator protection function, the load acting on the cabin also changes depending on the weight of the vehicle body, so it is divided into multiple types with different strengths depending on the model depending on the vehicle weight, resulting in no operator protection function. It is divided into three or more types including those.
JP 2004-42739 A

  Here, in the conventional frame type cabin, in order to secure the strength suitable for each model, it is necessary to manufacture a frame having a different strength for each model, so that the manufacturing cost increases.

  Further, in the case of a heavy model with an operator protection function, there is a problem that the cabin becomes heavier because the cross-sectional strength of the components must be increased as a whole frame.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a cabin of a construction machine that can achieve the purpose of securing a cabin strength suitable for a model at a low cost in a frame type cabin, and can reduce the cabin weight.

  The invention of claim 1 includes a rear frame body and a front frame body disposed in front of the rear frame body, and the front frame body is shared by a plurality of models, the rear frame. The body is used as an exchange part having different strengths depending on each model, and these are combined to form a cabin frame as a framework.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the rear frame body is a strength portion having a sufficient strength to secure a living space for the operator when the machine falls down, and is a model based on the weight of the vehicle body. It is configured as an exchange part having a strength corresponding to.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or second aspect, the constituent elements of the rear frame body in the cabin frame are formed of a steel material having the same external dimensions among the models and having different wall thickness dimensions depending on the models. It is a thing.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of any one of the first to third aspects, the components of the rear frame body in the cabin frame have the same outer dimensions among the models, and the cross-sectional strength to which the reinforcement by the reinforcing member is added. It is formed of different steel materials depending on the model.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, as a constituent element of the rear frame body, at least a center pillar disposed at a middle portion in the front-rear direction on one side of the left and right sides of the cabin, And rear left and right rear pillars arranged on both right and left sides, and connecting members that connect the upper ends of the pillars, and the rear frame is a gate-shaped structure whose outer shape is a triangle in plan view. The body is composed.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the fifth aspect, the center pillar of the rear frame body is disposed on the cabin entrance side of the left and right sides.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the fifth or sixth aspect, the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars are arranged so that the planar shape of the rear frame body is a non-right triangle.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the seventh aspect, the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars are arranged so that the planar shape of the rear frame body is an isosceles triangle.

  According to the present invention, in a frame-type cabin, the cabin frame is divided into a front frame body and a rear frame body, and these are combined to form a cabin frame. It may be replaced in accordance with the cabin with a protective function (including multiple models according to the vehicle weight).

  For this reason, compared with the case where the whole cabin frame is manufactured separately and replaced according to the model, the manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced. Even in a heavy model, since only the rear frame body needs to be replaced, the weight of the cabin frame (and thus the cabin weight) can be reduced as compared with the case where the entire body is replaced with a heavy one.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the front frame body which is not a living part can be made relatively low in strength, the amount of components of the frame body is reduced and the cross-sectional size thereof is reduced. It becomes possible.

  Thereby, while ensuring the operator protection function, it is possible to widen the forward field of view and meet the demand for reducing the weight of the cabin.

  As a means for changing the strength of the rear frame body according to the model, the thickness dimension of the component may be changed without changing the outer dimension as in claim 3, or the reinforcing member as in claim 4. You may change the cross-sectional strength which added the reinforcement part by.

  Alternatively, the thickness dimension may be the same and the outer dimension (cross-sectional size) may be changed, or both the thickness dimension and the outer dimension may be changed.

  According to the inventions of claims 5 to 8, since the rear frame body is configured as a gate-shaped structure having a triangular shape in the plan view (left-right asymmetric), the rear frame body has high strength and high rigidity, and has high load support performance. Demonstrate, especially in terms of torsional load resistance.

  That is, while maintaining the necessary strength (strength necessary for securing a living space when an operator protection function is provided), the components of the rear frame body can be reduced to make the frame body lighter.

  In this case, according to the invention of claim 6, particularly in the cabin with an operator protection function, the center pillar is arranged on the entrance / exit side where the side load acts directly at the time of the fall, so that the load is reliably transmitted to the rear frame body, A deformation suppressing action can be secured.

  According to the seventh and eighth aspects of the present invention, since the planar shape of the rear frame body is a non-right triangle, the torsional strength is increased and the deformation suppressing effect is high as compared with the case of the right triangle.

  In particular, according to the invention of claim 8 in which the planar shape is an isosceles triangle, the torsional strength is the largest among the triangles, and the rear frame body is most difficult to deform. For this reason, the objective of the operator protection at the time of a fall can be achieved reliably.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the following embodiment, in a frame-type cabin, the cabin frame is
B) Equipment without operator protection function
B) Lightweight body with operator protection,
C) The case where it is applied to three models with the operator protection and heavy body weight is taken as an example.

1st Embodiment (refer FIGS. 1-4)
The cabin frame 21 in the first embodiment includes a rear frame body A and a front frame body B disposed in front of the rear frame body A, and the front frame body B is shared by each model. The rear frame body A is configured as an exchange part to be exchanged for one having a strength suitable for each model, and by combining them.

  The front frame body B, which is a common part, includes left and right front pillars 22 and 23 whose upper end portions are curved rearward, and left and right roof members 24 and 25 extending horizontally rearward from the upper ends of the front pillars 22 and 23, The lower front cross member 26 spanned between the lower ends of the front pillars 22 and 23, and the left and right front lower frames 27 and 28 horizontally attached to the rear surfaces of the lower ends of the front pillars 22 and 23. Has been.

  On the other hand, the rear frame body A which is an exchange part includes left and right rear pillars 29 and 30, a center pillar 31 positioned between the left rear pillar 29 and the left front pillar 22 of the front frame body B, and the center pillar 31. The left rear lower frame 32 spanned between the lower ends of the left rear pillar 29, the right rear lower frame 33 mounted horizontally on the rear surface of the right rear pillar 30, the rear end of the rear lower frame 33, and the left rear pillar 29, and a lower rear cross member 34 spanned between the lower end portions of 29.

  11 is formed by the center pillar 31 of the rear frame body A, the left front pillar 22 and the left roof member 24 of the front frame body B.

  Further, the center pillar 31 may be disposed in the middle in the front-rear direction on the left side, or may be disposed in a position shifted to either the front or back from the middle.

  The center pillar 31 and the left and right rear pillars 29 and 30 are arranged in a state of being positioned at the vertices of the triangle in plan view, and frame members 35, 36, and 36 serving as connecting members in a triangular arrangement between the upper ends of the pillars 29 to 31. 37 is spanned together.

  Thus, the rear frame body A is configured as a left-right asymmetric gate-shaped structure whose outer shape is a triangle in plan view.

  In this case, the right rear pillar 30 is arranged on the right side at the center in the front-rear direction (middle) between the center pillar 31 and the left rear pillar 29, and the planar shape of the rear frame body A is an isosceles triangle (see FIG. 3).

  Each component of both the rear and front frame bodies A and B is made of a steel material in the form of a square pipe.

  Here, with respect to each component constituting the rear frame body A, among the three models to be applied, the relatively minimum wall thickness shown in FIG. 1st steel material X1 with S1 and lightweight model with operator protection function 2nd steel material X2 with intermediate wall thickness S2 shown in Fig. 4 (b), weight with operator protection function For each model, the third steel material X3 having the maximum wall thickness S3 shown in FIG. 4C is used.

  Due to this difference in wall thickness, three types of components with the same outer dimensions and different cross-sectional strengths are manufactured. With these components, the strength suitable for each model is relatively small, medium, and large. Three types of rear frame bodies A are produced, and these are used properly according to the model.

  In this case, the cabin frame 21 used in the model with the operator protection function is configured on the assumption that the rear frame body A has sufficient cabin strength to secure an operator's living space when the machine falls over. Sets the cross-sectional strength of the element.

  Thus, while sharing the front part of the frame (front frame body B) among the models, the rear part of the frame (rear frame body A), which is a living part, is an exchange part having different strength depending on the model, Since these components are combined to form the cabin frame 21, only the rear frame body A needs to be replaced with one having a strength suitable for the model.

  For this reason, compared with the case where the whole cabin frame 21 is manufactured separately and replaced according to a model, manufacturing cost can be remarkably reduced.

  Further, even in a heavy model of a cabin with operator protection, since only the rear frame body A needs to be replaced, the weight of the cabin frame 21 is reduced as compared with the case where the whole is replaced with one having a high strength and a large weight. Can do.

  In addition, according to this frame configuration, the rear frame body A, which is a strength portion, is configured as a gate-shaped structure, and therefore, in a cabin with an operator protection function, a lateral load applied to the left side surface portion when the vehicle falls (see FIG. 3) (represented by double line arrows in FIG. 3) is intensively received by the rear frame body A, and the entire frame body A is deformed.

  In this case, since the center pillar 31 is disposed on the entrance / exit side where the side load acts directly, the load can be reliably transmitted to the rear frame body A, and the deformation suppressing action can be effectively exhibited.

  Moreover, since the frame body A has a triangular shape in plan view, load transmission is good and the strength of each element can be maximized, and high load supporting performance (particularly torsion resistance) can be obtained as a whole.

  In addition, since the planar shape is an isosceles triangle, the torsional resistance strength is the largest among the triangles, and is most difficult to deform.

  In view of the above, since the necessary strength and rigidity can be obtained with the minimum components of the rear frame body A, the frame body A itself can be lightened. For this reason, it is possible to further reduce the weight of the cabin frame 21 and meet the demand for weight reduction of the entire cabin.

  Further, since the front frame body B is not required to have high strength, its constituent elements can be reduced to a minimum, and the cross-sectional size thereof may be smaller than that of the rear frame body A. And the side view can be maximized. In FIG. 3, a region that is a field of view from the operator O in the cabin is indicated by hatching.

Other Embodiments As means for changing the cross-sectional strength of each component of the rear frame body A according to the model, the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is a square having no special reinforcement for a model having no operator protection function. A pipe-shaped first steel material Y1, a second steel material Y2 provided with one reinforcing member 38 in the square pipe for a lightweight model with an operator protection function, and a second steel material Y2 in a square pipe for a heavy weight model with an operator protection function. A third steel material Y3 having two reinforcing members 38, 38 is used.

  In this way, even with a configuration in which the cross-sectional strength to which the reinforcement by the reinforcing member 38 is added differs depending on each model, three types of cross-sectional strengths (small, medium, and large) according to the model (strength of the rear frame body A). Can be obtained.

  The reinforcing member 38 may be formed integrally with the square pipe, or may be retrofitted by welding or the like.

  Further, the cross-sectional strength may be varied by changing the thickness dimension instead of the number of the reinforcing members 38. Furthermore, all the components for each model may be provided with a reinforcing member, and the cross-sectional strength may be varied depending on the number of reinforcing members and the wall thickness.

  On the other hand, as another means of changing the cross-sectional strength of the constituent elements of the rear frame body A, the wall thickness dimension may be the same throughout each model, and the external dimension (cross-sectional size) may be changed, or both the wall thickness dimension and the external dimension May be changed.

  Moreover, not only a square pipe but a round pipe may be used as a component, and steel materials (for example, C-type channel material and angle material) other than a pipe may be used. Or you may use these properly according to a site | part.

  In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, each of the pillars 29 to 31 is used as a connecting member for connecting the pillars 29 to 31 of the rear frame body A while taking basically the same frame configuration as that of the first embodiment. A frame structure is provided in which a triangular plate 39 is provided in an integrated state across the upper end.

  According to this configuration, the rear frame body A is slightly heavier than in the first embodiment, but the integrated strength of the frame body A can be increased. In addition, as compared with the case of using a plurality of frame members 35 to 37 as in the first embodiment, the number of connecting members is one, so that assembly is facilitated.

  In both the fourth and fifth embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the position in the front-rear direction of the right rear pillar 30 constituting the rear frame body A is different from that in the first embodiment. That is, the right rear pillar 30 is disposed at the same longitudinal position as the center pillar 31 (substantially central portion in the cabin longitudinal direction) in the fourth embodiment, and at the same longitudinal position as the left rear pillar 29 in the fifth embodiment. is doing.

  Also with this configuration, the load supporting performance close to that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  9 and 10 show both sixth and seventh embodiments as two examples in which the framework structure of the front frame body B is changed with respect to the first embodiment.

  An example in which the right front pillar 23 of the first embodiment is omitted in the sixth embodiment and the left front pillar 22 of the seventh embodiment is omitted, while an upper front cross member 39 is added in parallel with the lower front cross member 26. Indicates.

  Thus, since the front frame body B is not required to have high strength and high rigidity, the arrangement pattern of the components can be selected from a wide range of options from the viewpoint of expansion of the field of view and weight reduction.

  By the way, in the said embodiment, although the center pillar 31 of the rear frame body A was arrange | positioned on the left side, when an entrance is formed in the right side, it is desirable to arrange | position the center pillar 31 also on the right side.

  In the above-described embodiment, the rear frame body A is configured as a gate-shaped structure having a triangular shape in plan view. However, for example, a pillar may be added to form a quadrilateral shape in plan view or the like. Alternatively, only the upper surface portion of the frame body A may be formed in a rectangular shape in plan view.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the case where the operator protection function is not applied, the light weight model with the operator protection function, and the same weight model is described as being applied to the three models, but those with the operator protection function are divided into three or more types. It can also be applied to a case where a total of four or more models are targeted.

It is a perspective view showing a cabin frame concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the same exploded perspective view. It is the same top view. (a)-(c) is sectional drawing which shows three types of steel materials from which the thickness dimension used as a component of a rear frame body differs. (a)-(c) is sectional drawing which shows three types of steel materials used as a component of the rear frame body in the cabin frame concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cabin frame concerning 7th Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a schematic side view of a hydraulic excavator to which the present invention is applied. It is the same top view. It is a perspective view which shows the conventional cabin frame.

Explanation of symbols

21 Cabin frame A Rear frame body 29, 30 Left and right rear pillars constituting the rear frame body 31 Same center pillar 32 Lower left frame 33 Same rear lower frame 34 Same lower cross member 35, 36, 37 Frame as connecting member Materials X1, X2, X3 Three types of steel used for components Y1, Y2, Y3 Three types of steel used for components 38 Reinforcement member B Front frame

Claims (8)

  A rear frame body and a front frame body arranged in front of the rear frame body, the front frame body being shared by a plurality of models, and the rear frame body corresponding to each model A cabin of a construction machine characterized in that, as an exchange part having different strengths, these are connected to form a cabin frame that becomes a framework.   The cabin of a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the rear frame body is a strength portion having a sufficient strength to secure a living space for an operator when the machine falls down, and corresponds to a model depending on a body weight. A construction machine cabin characterized in that it is constructed as a replacement part with strength.   The cabin of a construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the components of the rear frame body in the cabin frame are formed of a steel material having the same external dimensions among the models and having different thickness dimensions depending on the models. Features a construction machine cabin.   4. The component according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the components of the rear frame body in the cabin frame have the same external dimensions among the models, and the cross-sectional strength to which the reinforcement by the reinforcing member is added is the model. A construction machine cabin characterized by being formed of different steels depending on the type of steel.   In the cabin of the construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, as a component of the rear frame body, at least a center pillar disposed at a middle portion in the front-rear direction on one side of the left and right sides of the cabin, And rear left and right rear pillars arranged on both right and left sides, and connecting members that connect the upper ends of the pillars, and the rear frame is a gate-shaped structure whose outer shape is a triangle in plan view. A construction machine cabin characterized in that the body is constructed.   6. The construction machine cabin according to claim 5, wherein the center pillar of the rear frame body is disposed on the cabin entrance / exit side of the left and right sides.   The construction machine cabin according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars are arranged so that the planar shape of the rear frame body is a non-right triangle.   8. The construction machine cabin according to claim 7, wherein the center pillar and the left and right rear pillars are arranged so that the planar shape of the rear frame body is an isosceles triangle.

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