JP2005527646A - ゲルの調製方法 - Google Patents
ゲルの調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005527646A JP2005527646A JP2003544128A JP2003544128A JP2005527646A JP 2005527646 A JP2005527646 A JP 2005527646A JP 2003544128 A JP2003544128 A JP 2003544128A JP 2003544128 A JP2003544128 A JP 2003544128A JP 2005527646 A JP2005527646 A JP 2005527646A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
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- A61K47/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamino acids, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazines, copolymers of polyalkylene glycol or poloxamers
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
Abstract
Description
12:841-847; バイマテリアル、1992, 13:491-496;ポリマーテスティング, 2000, 19:485-492)。心臓弁、血管移植片及び組織工学のようなその他多くのインプラント利用が開発されている。ヒドロキシアルカノエート誘導体含有の化粧品が国際特許公開WO95/05153(ブラウザー(Browser)他)に報告されている。この特許出願において、2−ヒドロキシアルカノエート誘導体のオリゴマー(1〜5モノマードメイン)が組成物に含まれている。
non-solvent)を使用する方法(国際特許公開WO97/07229)。有機溶媒を高温度で使用する態様では、一度溶液を室温で冷却させるとPHAゲルの発見があった。物理的ゲル形成の他の例は、ファブリ(Fabri)他のN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド及びN−メチルー2−ピロリドン中のPHBの希釈溶液を研究した文献に見出される(サーモケミカ・アクタ、1998,
321:3-16)。一方、ツルチェット(Turchetto)及びセサーロ(Cesaro)はジメチルホルムアミドを使用した(サーモケミカ・アクタ、1995,
269/270:307-317)。有機溶媒中におけるPHAsのようなポリマーの溶解性が低いことはデューン(Dunn)及びイングリッシュ(English)によって薬剤放出用に利用された(国際特許公開WO01/35929)。これらの著者は、シリンジ及び針によってヒトに投与される、ポリマー及び生体活性剤を含む移動性(floating)成分を使用した。いったん体内に導入されると、溶媒は分散して水に非溶解であるポリマーが固体マトリックスを形成し、そこに生体活性剤が捕捉され更に放出される。
a)ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート(polyhydroxyalkanoate:PHA)、ポリカプロラクトン(polycaprolactone:PCL)、アジピン酸、アミノカプロン酸、ポリ(ブチレンサクシネート)、ポリラクチド(polylactide:PLA)、ポリグリコシド(polyglycoside:PGA)、及び、ポリラクチドグリコライド(polylactideglycolide:PLGA)、又はそれらの誘導体から成る群から選択される少なくとも一種の生体高分子を、水性媒体中の懸濁状の粒子形態で提供してラテックスを形成し、
b)ステップa)の該ラテックスを少なくとも一種の結合剤と、該結合剤に結合した生体高分子粒子の可溶性複合体溶液を形成するに充分な時間及び条件で接触させ、そして
c)27℃及び80℃の間でステップb)の該可溶性複合体溶液を加熱する、
ステップを含み、ステップa)の生体高分子又はステップb)の結合剤の少なくとも一種が決められた濃度であり、加熱ステップc)が該ゲル組成物の所望の物理的特性を得るために充分な長さである、前記方法を提供することである。
PHA生体高分子は、同じ繰り返しモノマー単位を有するホモポリマー、及び/又は、少なくとも2種類の異なる繰り返しモノマー単位を有するコポリマーとすることが出来る。
粘度は流体の内部摩擦、又は流れに対するその抵抗である。それは、流体の流れを定量する基本的なテストによって評価可能な組織特性である。装置はキャピラリーフローのような構成となる。コーチェ(Couette)又はサール(Searle)フロー、平行板又は円錐及び板粘度計を用いて粘度を測定することが出来る。アイザック・ニュートンは、理想液体の法則を理想液体の流れ挙動:η=σ/γ(式1)(ここで、ηは粘度(Pa・s)σはせん断応力(Pa)、及びγはせん断速度(s−1)である)で記述出来ることを最初に発表した。
培養、抽出及び精製した後に得られたラテックス中のPHA濃度は20%w/vであった。本実施例で使用した結合剤は分子量930g/molのポリ(エチレングリコール)ジステアレート(PEG−ジステアレート)であり、それはポリ(エチレングリコール)部分が9つのエチレングリコール繰り返しモノマー単位に相当する。
本実施例では、分子量396g/molの代わりに分子量約6,000g/molのPEG部分を有するPEG−ジステアレートを用いて同様な生産物を製造した。それはポリ(エチレングリコール)部分が130〜140のエチレングリコール繰り返しモノマー単位に相当する。本実施例の結合剤の疎水性末端部分は変えず、中央親水性部分のみを変えた。
本実施例においては、単一脂肪酸を有するPEGを用いてクリームを製造した。結合剤の疎水性末端部分はオレイン酸、即ち、ステアリン酸と同じ長さの不飽和脂肪酸である。親水性部分は最初の実施例に比べて僅かに短く、PEGの全分子量は860g/molであり、これは、約5つのエチレングリコール繰り返しモノマー単位に相当する。
本実施例では、ポリ(プロピレングリコール)及びPEGに基づき異なるトリブロック試料を用いてゲルを作成した。このような試料は一般にポロキサマー(poloxamer)と呼ばれている。
レオメーターAR2000(アドバンスレオメーター)を用いて5つの溶液を試験した。溶液Aは、20%w/v濃度のコポリマー(PHB−HV 95−5)のラテックスである。溶液B1及びB2は、夫々、分子量930及び6000のポリ(エチレングリコール)ジステアレート(濃度4w/v)から作成した。溶液G1及びG2は、実施例1及び2に記載されたラテックス溶液と溶液B1及びB2との混合物である。
Claims (14)
- 結合剤に結合した生体高分子を含む水性ゲル組成物の製造方法であって、
a)ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート(PHA)、ポリラクチド(PLA)、ポリグリコシド(PGA)、ポリラクチドグリコライド(PLGA)、及びポリカプロラクトン(PCL)、又はそれらの誘導体から成る群から選択される少なくとも一種の生体高分子を、水性媒体中の懸濁状の粒子形態で提供してラテックスを形成し、
b)ステップa)の該ラテックスを少なくとも一種の結合剤と、該結合剤に結合した生体高分子粒子の可溶性複合体溶液を形成するに充分な時間及び条件で接触させ、そして
c)27℃及び70℃の間でステップb)の該可溶性複合体溶液を加熱する、
ステップを含み、
ステップa)の生体高分子又はステップb)の結合剤の少なくとも一種が決められた濃度であり、加熱ステップc)が該ゲル組成物の所望の物理的特性を得るために充分な長さである、前記方法。 - 該結合剤が両親媒性分子、又は、少なくとも一つの親水性ドメイン及び少なくとも一つの疎水性ドメインを有する分子である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 該結合剤の親水性ドメインがポリエチレングリコールであり、疎水性ドメインが脂肪酸又はその誘導体である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 該ゲル組成物が粘性液体又は固体ゲルである、請求項1記載の方法。
- ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート(PHA)、ポリラクチド(PLA)、ポリグリコシド(PGA)、ポリラクチドグリコライド(PLGA)、及びポリカプロラクトン(PCL)、又はそれらの誘導体若しくは混合物から成る群から選択される少なくとも一種の生体高分子、並びに、少なくとも一種の結合剤を含む水性ゲル組成物。
- 該結合剤が両親媒性分子、又は、少なくとも一つの親水性ドメイン及び少なくとも一つの疎水性ドメインを有する分子である、請求項5記載の水性ゲル組成物。
- 該結合剤の親水性ドメインがポリエチレングリコール又はその誘導体であり、疎水性ドメインが脂肪酸又はその誘導体である、請求項6記載の水性ゲル組成物。
- 粘性液体又は固体ゲルである、請求項5記載の水性ゲル組成物。
- 物理的特性が、粘ちょう度、粘度、堅固さ、硬度、降伏応力、弾性、凝集力、及び接着力から成る群から選択される少なくとも一つの特性である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 結合剤に結合した生体高分子を含む水性ゲル組成物の物理的特性を変える方法であって、
a)ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート(PHA)、ポリラクチド(PLA)、ポリグリコシド(PGA)、ポリラクチドグリコライド(PLGA)、及びポリカプロラクトン(PCL)、又はそれらの誘導体から成る群から選択される少なくとも一種の生体高分子を、水性媒体中の懸濁状の粒子形態で提供してラテックスを形成し、
b)ステップa)の該ラテックスを少なくとも一種の結合剤と、該結合剤に結合した生体高分子粒子の可溶性複合体溶液を形成するに充分な時間及び条件で接触させ、そして
c)27℃及び70℃の間でステップb)の該可溶性複合体溶液を加熱する、
ステップを含み、ステップa)の生体高分子又はステップb)の結合剤の少なくとも一種が決められた濃度であり、加熱ステップc)が該ゲル組成物の所望の物理的特性を得るために充分な長さである、前記方法。 - 物理的特性が、粘ちょう度、粘度、堅固さ、硬度、降伏応力、弾性、凝集力、及び接着力から成る群から選択される少なくとも一つの特性である、請求項10記載の方法。
- 該結合剤が両親媒性分子、又は、少なくとも一つの親水性ドメイン及び少なくとも一つの疎水性ドメインを有する分子である、請求項10記載の方法。
- 該結合剤の親水性ドメインがポリエチレングリコールであり、疎水性ドメインが脂肪酸又はその誘導体である、請求項10記載の方法。
- 該ゲル組成物が粘性液体又は固体ゲルである、請求項10記載の方法。
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US5225227A (en) * | 1990-11-21 | 1993-07-06 | Manssur Yalpani | Polyhydroxyalkanoate flavor delivery system |
US5229158A (en) * | 1990-11-21 | 1993-07-20 | Manssur Yalpani | Polyhydroxyalkanoate cream substitutes |
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EP0973930B1 (en) | 1997-04-15 | 2007-06-13 | Metabolix, Inc. | High temperature pha extraction using pha-poor solvents |
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US6193991B1 (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 2001-02-27 | Atul J. Shukla | Biodegradable delivery systems of biologically active substances |
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CA2467275C (en) | 2012-09-11 |
US20050106254A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
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