JP2005308373A - Combustion furnace exhaust heat transporting system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion furnace exhaust heat transporting system and its method for recovering natural energy by burning natural discharge or waste. <P>SOLUTION: This combustion furnace exhaust heat transporting system is composed of a combustion type heat source 4 and an energy convertor for converting heat energy of the heat of the combustion type heat source 4 to other energies. The combustion type heat source 4 is composed of a combustion furnace 47, a cooling vessel 48 storing the water 62 for cooling a furnace wall of the combustion furnace 47, a solid fuel supply unit 49 for supplying solid fuel subjected to dry distillation (for example, charcoal) to the combustion furnace 47, and a steam storage 7 for taking out high-temperature steam 63 existing above a liquid level in the cooling vessel 48 of high-temperature steam generated in the cooling vessel 48, and storing the same. As the solid fuel has been subjected to dry distillation, harmful chemical substances have been eliminated. The heat obtained by reusing the high-temperature combustion gas discharged by the combustion of the solid fuel dried by distillation, is transported in a vapor phase of high temperature steam not in a liquid phase such as hot water, and stored in the steam storage 7. A steam pressure of high-temperature steam has self-transporting ability, and being easily converted into various energy modes. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system and a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport method, and in particular, a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system that recovers natural energy by burning natural waste or waste, The present invention also relates to a method for transporting combustion furnace exhaust heat.

  Living waste materials such as garbage, resin waste materials, and other waste materials are treated by landfill. Landfill treatment can cause soil, water source and marine pollution. In order to exceed the limit of landfill treatment, incineration treatment by an incinerator is performed. Incinerators release harmful chemical substances such as dioxins and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. An incinerator that does not release such a chemical substance is known from Patent Document 1 described later. The incinerator can reuse the heat of the exhausted combustion gas (carbon dioxide gas). Reuse of heat is important to reduce the total amount of carbon dioxide emitted globally. In order to increase the efficiency of reuse, it is known to convert resin waste into solid fuel. Coke is known as a solid fuel that raises the combustion temperature.

  The field of heat reuse from incinerators that have been developed for waste material treatment is expanding. In order to expand such fields, reuse heat is promising as a heat source for air conditioning such as cooling and heating, a heat source for cogeneration power generation, and a self-contained energy supply system for local living areas. As a form of reusable heat, the known environment-conscious technology uses hot water for heat transport and heat storage.

  Such reuse is desired to be performed as a technology that cannot be avoided for the preservation of the global environment. High-temperature environment type incinerators that do not emit harmful substances by raising the combustion temperature are expected to be used in more diverse fields. Establishment of a technology that can change the concept from a treatment-type incinerator to a heat source-type combustion furnace is required. Development of a combustion furnace that treats harmful gases is expected. It would be desirable to reduce the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions by increasing the efficiency of heat transport and storage that occurs in the environment. It is wise to use carbon dioxide directly without releasing it into the atmosphere.

JP-A-11-141824

An object of the present invention is to provide a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system and a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport method for establishing a technology for reusing heat in a natural environment.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system and a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport method that facilitates the use of a high temperature incinerator that does not emit harmful substances by increasing the combustion temperature. There is.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system and a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport method that establish a utilization technique for using a combustion furnace to treat harmful gases.
Still another object of the present invention is to recycle heat in the natural environment, promote the use of a high-temperature incinerator that does not discharge harmful substances by increasing the combustion temperature, and treat harmful gases. To provide a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system and a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system that establishes a use technology that uses a combustion furnace to treat harmful gases There is to do.
Still another object of the present invention is to recycle heat in the natural environment, promote the use of a high-temperature incinerator that does not discharge harmful substances by increasing the combustion temperature, and treat harmful gases. To establish a technology for utilizing a combustion furnace to treat a hazardous gas, to establish a technology for utilizing a combustion furnace to treat harmful gases, and to increase the efficiency of heat transport and heat storage generated in the environment. An object of the present invention is to provide a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system and a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport method in which the total amount of carbon dioxide gas emission is reduced and the carbon dioxide gas is directly used without being discharged into the atmosphere.

  The combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system according to the present invention includes a combustion heat source (4) and an energy converter that converts the heat energy of the heat of the combustion heat source (4) into other energy. The combustion heat source (4) includes a combustion furnace (47), a cooling vessel (48) for holding water (62) for cooling the furnace wall of the combustion furnace (47), and a solid that has been dry-distilled in the combustion furnace (47). A solid fuel supplier (49) that supplies fuel (eg, charcoal, coke), and high temperature steam that exists above the liquid level in the cooling vessel (48) among the high-temperature steam generated in the cooling vessel (48). It is formed from a steam storage (7) for taking out and storing the steam (63) from the cooling vessel (48). Here, the thermal energy matches the thermal energy of the high temperature steam in the steam storage (7). The use of wood is preferable because waste materials can be used. The use of coke is advantageous to further increase the combustion temperature.

  Since the solid fuel has been carbonized, harmful chemical substances are removed, the combustion temperature is high, and a slight residual hazardous chemical substance is safely treated with high-temperature combustion gas. The amount of nitrogen oxide, which is the only chemical that is not detoxified by the combustion process, is small. The reuse heat of the high-temperature combustion gas discharged by the combustion of the dry-distilled solid fuel is transported in the vapor phase form of high-temperature steam, not in the liquid phase form such as the hot water form, and in the steam storage (7). Stored. The water vapor pressure of high-temperature water vapor has a physical property that has a self-transport capability and is easily converted into a plurality of energy forms. Specifically, the plurality of energy forms are electric energy and gas-liquid phase change energy, as will be described later. Thus, the thermal energy stored in the form of high-temperature water vapor has three excellent characteristics: energy form conversion ease, heat transportability, and high temperature retention. These three characteristics can reduce the total amount of carbon dioxide emission by improving the reuse efficiency as a result. Carbon dioxide, which has a very low content of harmful substances, has a high reuse value due to techniques such as photosynthesis promotion.

  The energy converter is a turbine-type generator (9, 11) that converts thermal energy of high-temperature steam (8) into electrical energy, and low-temperature steam (14) discharged from the turbine generator (9, 11) as a heat source. And an absorption heat exchanger (17) that operates as: The heat of the low-temperature steam (14) that has been lost due to the extraction of electric power and has been lowered is an excellent energy form for driving the absorption heat exchanger (17).

  The electric power output from the turbine generator is used as drive energy for driving the pump (33) that circulates the absorbent (22) of the absorption heat exchanger. The absorption heat exchanger includes a two-phase separator (17) containing an absorbent that absorbs a heat exchange medium (22: water), and a heat exchange medium (22) separated by the two-phase separator (17). A condenser (23) to be liquefied and an absorption type cooling heat exchanger in which the heat exchange medium liquefied by the condenser (23) takes heat from the medium to be cooled and evaporates and absorbs the gas phase heat exchange medium by the absorbent. (26). The thermal energy of the low-temperature steam is used as energy for the separation of the two-phase separator (17).

  In this way, the entire system can operate by reusing natural energy, especially waste. Charcoal can be used as the solid fuel. The cooling medium passed through the condenser to liquefy the heat exchange medium is water (25), which is drawn from the river (6).

  Other energy is used as cooling energy or heating energy, cooling energy is used to lower the air temperature in the cultivation room in summer, and heating energy is used to increase the air temperature in the cultivation room in winter. Used for.

  Here, it is particularly important that a known high-temperature combustion furnace is used. The solid fuel supplier (65) supplies the solid fuel to the furnace bottom (56) of the combustion furnace (47). Such a combustion furnace includes an injector (72) for injecting combustion gas from above to below toward the solid fuel. The combustion gas forms a torus surface flow (87). The torus surface flow (87) is a convection symmetric with respect to the center line, and the convection is generated cyclically, and air is smoothly taken in to achieve more complete combustion.

  It is meaningful to separately provide a gas pipe for injecting the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator at the central portion of the torus surface flow (87). The harmful gas remaining in the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the existing incinerator having a low removal rate of harmful substances can be rendered harmless by combustion. Such heat of exhaust gas is reused by the present invention.

  The steps of the method for transporting combustion furnace exhaust heat according to the present invention include installing a combustor in or near the biocultivation site, supplying charcoal to the combustor to burn the charcoal, combustion Cooling the cooler with cooling water, storing the heat of water vapor that evaporates by cooling the combustor as storage heat, converting the stored heat into electric power, and supplying the electric power to the electrical system of the biological cultivation field It consists of that. The process includes raising the temperature of the biocultivation site by passing the stored heat in the form of hot water vapor or hot water through a pipe equipped in the biocultivation plant. In this way, it is possible to operate the apparatus system only with natural energy. Giving stored heat to the heat exchange medium of the heat exchange circulation system, raising the temperature of air in the atmosphere by the heat exchange system, lowering the temperature of air in the atmosphere by the heat exchange system, temperature by the heat exchange system Additional processes such as supplying elevated air into the house equipped in the biocultural plant promotes the direct use and reuse of natural energy. Supplying the air whose temperature has been lowered by the heat exchange system into the house installed in the bio-cultivation field further increases the utilization of natural energy.

  Electric power is supplied to drive one or more elements selected from a set including a ventilation fan installed in the house, an electric lamp installed in the house, a heat exchange system pump, and a heat exchange system on / off valve. .

  Supplying carbon dioxide gas generated by burning into the house of the biocultivation field can promote cultivation. Converting electric power into light energy in the house for photosynthesis in the house further increases the efficiency of cultivation. Natural circulation is actively carried out.

  Producing charcoal by carbonizing wood with the heat of a combustor provides an important technique. The charcoal burned in the combustor includes charcoal produced by producing in the combustor, and the charcoal that is the fuel of the combustor can be produced by itself, and a complete energy circulation is executed .

  The combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system and the combustion furnace exhaust heat transport method according to the present invention can incorporate the natural circulation of solar heat on the earth into the mechanical system, and finally return natural heat to nature. it can. The mechanical system incorporated in the middle of the heat transport can be converted into various forms of effective use of energy. Such a transportation system includes transportation of high-temperature steam, has high transportation efficiency, and can increase the degree of freedom of the form of energy conversion. The form of high-temperature steam is advantageous in three points: heat storage, heat transport, and heat utilization.

  Preferred embodiments of the combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. A primitive heat source 1 is provided in a natural environment 2 as shown in FIG. The natural environment 2 is a natural wood providing environment including forests and rivers that provide wood. The natural environment 2 includes a semi-artificial environment 3 that discharges waste wood. Waste wood includes driftwood and construction waste from river basins. The charcoal 1 is a charcoal production factory such as a charcoal hut that charcoalizes natural wood and waste wood to produce charcoal in order to enhance the thermal power during combustion and remove atoms other than carbon.

  Charcoal that is the primitive heat source 1 (hereinafter, 1 is used as its reference number) is supplied to the combustion heat source 4. The combustion heat source 4 is used as a secondary heat source. The combustion heat source 4 generates hot water or high-temperature steam 5 that receives combustion heat generated by combustion of air provided from the charcoal 1 and the natural environment 2. The raw water is provided from the river 6 included in the natural environment 2. The high-temperature steam 5 is stored in a high-pressure steam storage 7 with a constant pressure adjustment type. In the following description, the heat source fluid supplied from the combustion heat source 4 to the high temperature steam storage 7 is limited to high temperature steam. The high-temperature steam 8 taken out from the high-temperature steam storage 7 so as to adjust the take-out amount is supplied to the turbine 9. The turbine 9 converts thermal energy into mechanical energy. A generator 11 that is axially coupled to the turbine 9 converts its mechanical energy into electric power 12. The electric power 12 is provided to various electric devices 13. The electric device 13 includes a pump and a lighting device for a cultivation facility, which will be described later.

  The low temperature steam 14 discharged from the high temperature steam 8 is stored in the low temperature steam storage 15. The low-temperature steam 14 ′ taken out from the low-temperature steam storage 15 so that the amount can be adjusted is supplied to the two-phase refrigerant heater 16. The low-temperature steam 14 ′ passing through the two-phase refrigerant heater 16 provides heat for two-phase separation to the two-phase refrigerant 18 in the two-phase refrigerant tank 17 by heat exchange. The return steam passing through the two-phase refrigerant heater 16 is returned to the low temperature steam storage 15 by the pump 19.

  Two phases in the two-phase refrigerant tank 17 are formed by the refrigerant 21 and the refrigerant absorbent 22. Water is appropriate as the refrigerant 21. As the refrigerant absorbent 22, lithium bromide that absorbs water or water vapor is appropriate. The two-phase refrigerant 18 is heated by heat received from the low-temperature steam 14 ′ via the two-phase refrigerant heater 16, and is separated into the refrigerant 21 and the refrigerant absorbent 22. The refrigerant 21 evaporates in a boiling manner in the two-phase refrigerant 18 and is separated from the refrigerant absorbent 22.

  The refrigerant 21 is sent to the condenser 23. A condensation heat exchanger 24 is disposed in the condenser 23. Condensation cooling water 25 is passed through the condensation heat exchanger 24 in a non-circulating manner. The cooling water 25 for condensation is provided from the river 6 in the natural environment 2. The refrigerant 21 is phase-converted in the condenser 23 and converted from the water vapor phase to the liquid phase. The liquid refrigerant 21 ′ derived from the bottom part of the condenser 23 is supplied to the cooling heat exchanger 26. A cooling water generating heat exchanger 27 and a refrigerant absorbent cooling heat exchanger 28 are juxtaposed in the cooling heat exchanger 26. Cooling cooling water 29 is circulated through the cold water generating heat exchanger 27. The coolant absorbent cooling water 31 is noncircularly passed through the coolant absorbent cooling heat exchanger 28. The coolant 31 for cooling the refrigerant absorbent is provided from the river 6 in the natural environment 2. The above-described refrigerant absorbent 22 is dropped onto the refrigerant absorbent cooling heat exchanger 28. The refrigerant absorbent 22 is cooled by the refrigerant absorbent cooling heat exchanger 28 and stored in the lower region of the cooling heat exchanger 26. The aforementioned liquid-phase refrigerant 21 ′ is dropped into the cold water generating heat exchanger 27. The liquid layer of the liquid phase refrigerant 21 ′ takes heat from the cooling water 29 for cooling in the cold water generating heat exchanger 27 and evaporates to change into a water vapor phase. The water in the water vapor phase is stored in the lower region of the cooling heat exchanger 26 while being absorbed by the refrigerant absorbent 22. The two-phase refrigerant 32 in the lower region of the cooling heat exchanger 26 is circulated back to the two-phase refrigerant tank 17 by a two-phase refrigerant circulation pump 33.

  The cooling water 29 is circulated through the air cooling heat exchanger 34. The air 35 in the atmosphere is cooled by the cooling water 29 sent from the cooling heat exchanger 26 in the air cooling heat exchanger 34. The low temperature air 36 that is cooled below the atmospheric temperature by the air cooling heat exchanger 34 is supplied to the cultivation room air cooling heat exchanger 38 in the first cultivation room 37. The low temperature air 36 is blown directly into the first cultivation room 37 without passing through the cultivation room air cooling heat exchanger 38. In this case, a ventilation fan 39 is provided in the first cultivation room 37.

  The low temperature steam 41 for heating partially taken out from the low temperature steam storage 15 is supplied to the air warm heat exchanger 42. The air 35 in the atmosphere is heated by the low temperature steam 41 for heating sent from the low temperature steam storage 15 in the air warm heat exchanger 42. The high-temperature air 43 that is warmed higher than the atmospheric temperature by the air warming heat exchanger 42 is supplied to the cultivation room air warming heat exchanger 45 in the second cultivation room 44. The high temperature air 43 is blown directly into the second cultivation room 44 without passing through the heat exchanger 45 for warming the cultivation room air. In this case, a ventilation fan 46 is provided in the second cultivation room 44.

  FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the combustion heat source 4 according to the present invention. The combustion heat source 4 includes a combustion furnace 47, a high-temperature steam generator (cooler) 48, a charcoal feeder 49, and a solid-gas separation tower 51. The combustion furnace 47 is formed of a furnace bottom 52, a combustion furnace main body cylinder 53, and a combustor 54. The furnace bottom 52 is supported by the floor base 55. The upper surface of the furnace bottom 52 made of heat-resistant casters is formed on a partial spherical surface 56. The inside of the furnace body cylinder 53 is formed as a combustion chamber 57. The upper side of the high temperature steam 5 is closed by a ceiling lid 58.

  The high temperature steam generator 48 is formed of a steam generation cylinder main body 59 surrounding the combustion furnace main body cylinder 53 and a high temperature steam extraction funnel 61. The high temperature steam extraction funnel 61 is joined at the upper end surface of the steam generating cylinder main body 59. The high temperature steam extraction funnel 61 covers the ceiling lid 58 from above. Between the combustion furnace main body cylinder 53 and the steam generation cylinder main body 59, an annular space 62 ′ filled with liquid phase water 62 is formed. Between the ceiling lid 58 and the high-temperature steam extraction funnel 61, a conical space 63 ′ filled with gas-phase water 63 is formed. A hot steam outlet 64 is connected to the top surface of the hot steam outlet funnel 61. The already described high temperature steam 5 is taken out from the high temperature steam outlet 64 and supplied to the above described high temperature steam storage 7 shown in FIG.

  The charcoal feeder 49 is formed by a charcoal supply silo 65, a charcoal supply screw conveyor 66, and a drive motor 67. The charcoal supply screw conveyor 66 is formed of a charcoal guide cylinder 68 and a charcoal extrusion screw 69. The lower end opening of the charcoal supply silo 65 coincides with the charcoal inlet formed in the charcoal guide tube 68. The charcoal extrusion screw 69 is rotationally driven by a drive motor 67. Charcoal fragments in the charcoal supply silo 65 are introduced into the charcoal guide cylinder 68, pushed and conveyed by the charcoal extrusion screw 69, pushed out of the opening at the front end of the charcoal guide cylinder 68, and part of the furnace bottom 52 It falls toward the spherical surface 56.

  The combustion gas in the combustion chamber 57 is fed to the solid-gas separation tower 51 through the combustion gas discharge duct 71. The solid-gas separation tower 51 can separate solid content (dust ash) contained in the combustion gas. A cyclone is appropriate as the solid-gas separation tower 51.

  FIG. 3 shows the three-dimensional structure of the combustor 54. The combustor 54 includes an injection annular double pipe 72 that injects fuel and air, a distribution annular double pipe 73 that distributes fuel and air to the injection annular double pipe 72 independently, and a plurality of distribution branch pipes. 74. Each one end side opening of the distribution branch pipe 74 coincides with an opening opened on the side of the distribution annular double pipe 73, and each other end side opening of the distribution branch pipe 74 corresponds to the injection annular double pipe 72. It corresponds to the opening opened on the side. The openings on the one end side of the distribution branch pipes 74 are arranged at equiangular intervals (for example, intervals of 120 degrees) on the same circle on the same horizontal plane orthogonal to the combustion gas flow center vertical axis L. The combustion gas flow center vertical axis L passes through the center or the approximate center of the same circle.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the injection annular double pipe 72 is formed of an outer fuel injection pipe 75 and an inner air injection pipe 76. As shown in FIG. 3, the distribution annular double pipe 73 is formed of an outer fuel distribution pipe 77 and an inner air distribution pipe 78. As shown in FIG. 4, the distribution branch pipe 74 is formed of an outer fuel distribution branch pipe 79 and an inner air distribution branch pipe 81. The fuel distribution branch pipe 79 connects the fuel distribution pipe 77 to the fuel injection pipe 75, and the air distribution branch pipe 81 connects the air distribution pipe 78 to the air injection pipe 76. A single portion of the distribution annular double pipe 73 is connected to a fuel air supply source 83 via a common double pipe 82 as shown in FIG. The common double pipe 82 is supported by the floor base 55. As shown in FIG. 4, the fuel injection pipe 75 has fuel injection ports 84 opened at a plurality of locations. The fuel injection port 85 is opened at a plurality of locations in the air injection pipe 76. The jet flow center axis R, which is a straight line connecting the effective center point of the fuel outlet 84 and the effective center point of the air injection pipe 76, is included in the vertical plane including the combustion gas flow center vertical axis L, and combustion It has a centric component and a vertically downward component toward the gas flow center vertical axis L, and is ejected obliquely downward.

  As shown in FIG. 2, water is put in the annular space 62 ′ as liquid phase water 62. The water is provided from the river 6 described above. The charcoal accumulation 90 supplied from the tip opening of the charcoal guide cylinder 68 and stacked on the partial spherical surface 56 is initially ignited by an ignition source (not shown). Fuel and air are supplied from the fuel air supply source 83 to the distribution annular double pipe 73 via the common double pipe 82. The fuel is introduced into the fuel distribution pipe 77 outside the air distribution pipe 78, flows in a circulating manner in the fuel distribution branch pipe 79, and is supplied to the fuel injection pipe 75 outside the air injection pipe 76. The air is introduced into the air distribution pipe 78, flows in a recirculation manner in the air distribution pipe 78, and is supplied to the air injection pipe 76.

  The effective central flow of the air flow flowing through the fuel injection pipe 75 and the effective central flow of the fuel flow flowing through the air injection pipe 76 both substantially coincide with the jet flow center axis R. The three air flows merge with the three fuel flows, respectively, and, as shown in FIG. 5, are ejected toward the common region 86 through which the combustion gas flow center vertical axis L passes. As shown in FIG. 6, such a jet flow is actually convection with an annular trajectory so as to wrap around the injection annular double pipe 72 in a vertical plane including the combustion gas flow center vertical axis L. To do. More specifically, the entire flow is formed into one torus surface flow (donut surface flow) 87 as shown in FIG.

  A remarkably effective form of implementation of the present invention is to inject a gas flow to be treated (example: harmful gas-containing exhaust gas flow of an existing incinerator) into the central flow region of such a torus surface flow 87. As shown in FIG. 2, a process target gas introduction pipe 88 that penetrates the high temperature steam outlet 64 is provided. A gas introduction pipe joint 89 is coupled to one end portion of the processing target gas introduction pipe 88. The end portion of the exhaust gas pipe discharged from the incinerator (not shown) is joined to the gas introduction pipe joint 89. A gas ejection nozzle 91 is attached to the other end portion of the processing target gas introduction pipe 88. The processing target gas ejected from the gas ejection nozzle 91 is ejected toward the torus center region 92 of the torus surface flow 87, as shown in FIG.

  As described in detail in Patent Document 1, the gas flow temperature in the region below the torus center region 92 is increased to 1400 ° C. The gas flow temperature in the upper end surface region of the torus surface flow 87 is 1000 ° C. The gas flow temperature in the upper region of the combustion chamber 57 is 850 ° C. As shown in FIG. 7, a gas stream 93 to be treated is injected into a clean hot gas stream 87 at 1400 ° C. Hazardous chemical substances (eg, dioxins) contained in the gas flow 93 to be treated are thermally decomposed by a clean hot gas flow of 1200 ° C. to 1400 ° C. and are almost completely harmless.

  The liquid phase water 62 in the annular space 62 ′ surrounding the combustion chamber 57 with a wide surface area takes the heat of the rising convection portion 94 that branches off from the torus surface flow 87 and evaporates to vaporize the high temperature high pressure steam (gas Phase water) 63. The combustion heat source 4 is configured as a boiler. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam 63 collected in the cone-shaped space 63 'is taken out from the high-temperature steam outlet 64 and stored in the high-temperature steam storage 7 as the high-temperature steam 5 as shown in FIG.

  As is well known, the charcoal supplied to the combustion chamber 57 by the charcoal supply screw conveyor 66 is strong in thermal power and originally has no or little harmful substances. The tree exists in the natural environment 2 and is used to carbonize the tree. Cooling water exists in the natural environment 2. All of the chemicals used in the system shown in FIG.

  Charcoal is not subject to incineration and is used as fuel, and its thermal power is strong. Therefore, fuel supplied from the fuel air supply source 83 is unnecessary, or the amount of fuel used is extremely small, and nitrogen oxidation caused by fuel Material emissions are extremely low.

  Since air is injected obliquely downward from the injection annular double pipe 72, a flow of combustion gas is generated in a direction opposite to the direction of natural convection, and the maximum temperature region of the combustion chamber 57 is that of the combustion chamber 57. It is a low region. Since a part of the torus surface flow is cooled by the liquid phase water 62, the temperature T in the combustion chamber 57 is distributed so as to be lower in a higher region as shown in FIG. Since the liquid phase water 62 takes the heat of vaporization for evaporation from the combustion gas flow in the combustion chamber 57, the temperature of the combustion gas flow entering the solid-gas separation tower 51 from the upper region of the combustion chamber 57 is as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, it is sufficiently lowered. The heat-resistant structure of the solid-gas separation tower 51 through which the low-temperature gas flow is passed is simplified. It is advisable to surround the solid-gas separation tower 51 with a water container and reuse the heat of the cold gas stream.

  A measurement system is incorporated in the operation control system. In order to improve the rated operation of the turbine 9, in addition to controlling the flow rate of the high temperature steam 8 discharged from the high temperature steam storage 7 by opening and closing the valve, the turbine 9 supplies the high temperature steam storage 7 from the combustion heat source 4. It is important to control the supply flow rate of the high temperature steam 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the measurement system includes a water level detector 95 that detects the liquid level of the liquid phase water 62, a water temperature detector 96 that detects the water temperature of the liquid phase water 62, and a gas in the combustion chamber 57. A gas flow temperature detector 97 for detecting the temperature of the flow. The water level detection signal output from the water level detector 95 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the water supply opening / closing valve 98 for keeping the water level constant. The height position where the water temperature detector 96 is disposed is set appropriately in the annular space 62 '. The height position where the gas flow temperature detector 97 is arranged is set appropriately in the combustion chamber 57. The height position of the gas flow temperature detector 97 is preferably in an upper region (example: 850 ° C. region shown in FIG. 7) of the combustion chamber 57 where the gas flow temperature is relatively low.

  The fact that the gas flow temperature TG detected by the gas flow temperature detector 97 and the water temperature TW detected by the water temperature detector 96 are held approximately constant respectively means that the internal temperature of the charcoal accumulation 90 and the charcoal accumulation 90 The combustion gas temperature to be injected or the effective average temperature of the torus surface flow 87 shown in FIG. 7 is generally equivalent to being kept substantially constant. Such constant temperature is executed by controlling the absolute values of the charcoal supply flow rate and the air supply flow rate and the absolute value ratio, or the absolute values of the charcoal supply flow rate, the air supply flow rate, and the fuel supply flow rate are 3 It can be executed by controlling the absolute value ratio. The control law regarding the absolute value and the absolute value ratio can be known empirically by long-term operation under a constant water level. A certain proportion of the amount of heat generated by the combustion is absorbed by the liquid phase water 62, and the high temperature steam 5 having a substantially constant temperature corresponding to the certain proportion is generated from the liquid phase water 62. In this case, the high-temperature steam storage 7 is preferably formed as a constant pressure holding container (for example, a container having a lid that moves up and down in response to pressure).

  The almost constant nature of the gas flow temperature TG and the water temperature TW in the rated operating state allows each of the gas flow temperature TG and the water temperature TW to vary within a certain range. The processing target gas ejected from the gas ejection nozzle 91 is usually lower than the torus surface flow temperature TT of the torus surface flow 87. The combustion type heat source 4 employed in the present invention employs an incinerator that realizes complete combustion by raising the temperature to 1400 ° C. Combustion gas discharged from another incinerator is introduced into a torus surface flow 87 that is sufficiently heated as a processing target gas, and flows into the circulation flow of the torus surface flow 87. A temperature drop of the torus surface flow 87 due to the inflow is expected, and the temperature of the torus surface flow 87 is controlled to an appropriate temperature. The amount of heat ΔQ corresponding to the temperature drop ΔT can be supplemented by the increased amount of charcoal fire.

  The combustion type heat source 4 according to the present invention is primarily a combustion furnace type boiler and not an incinerator, but is attached to an existing incinerator 99 that is not provided as a complete combustion type. Thermal energy of the high-temperature steam 5 generated by the combustion heat source 4 is converted into various energy states by the energy form converter 100. As shown in FIG. 9, the energy form converter 100 includes an electricizer 100-1 typified by a turbine 9 and a generator 11, and a temperator 100 typified by an air warm heat exchanger 42. -2 and a temperature lowering device 100-3 represented by an air cooling heat exchanger 34. The energy converted by the energy form converter 100 is provided to the energy consuming device 101. The energy consuming equipment 101 includes an electric device 13 such as air conditioning, freezing, and lighting, a cooling target such as the first cultivation room 37 that requires cold air, and a second cultivation room 44 that requires hot air. It consists of a heating object. The 1st cultivation room 37 and the 2nd cultivation room 44 can produce a winter thing and a summer thing simultaneously. A power source included in the electrical device 13 supplies power to a control device including a cold water assembly pump, a heat exchange medium circulation pump, and a detector. Thus, the combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system according to the present invention is incorporated into the natural environment as part of the natural environment.

Other examples:
As shown in FIG. 10, the addition of the auxiliary igniter 102 adjacent to the injection annular double tube 72 on the upper side of the injection annular double tube 72 is more effective. The auxiliary igniter 102 is formed in an annular shape. The vertical center line 103 of the auxiliary igniter 102 preferably coincides with or substantially coincides with the vertical center line of the injection annular double pipe 72. In this case, the approximate vertical center line of the charcoal accumulation 90 substantially coincides with the vertical center line 103.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the auxiliary igniter 102 is formed of an electric heater 103 sharing a circular center line and a thin-film radiator 104 covering the electric heater 103. An electric heater material that can withstand 1200 degrees C is used for the vertical center line 103. The thin-film radiator 104 is made of a ceramic material. Ceramic is deposited on the surface of the vertical center line 103. The inner inclined surface 105 of the thin film radiator 104 is formed in a substantially conical surface. The heat rays emitted from the inner slope 105 (example: heat rays including infrared rays or far infrared rays emitted during the combustion of charcoal) have a spreading range. The effective center line 106 of the expanded range crosses the focal region 107 including the vertical center line 103 in an obliquely downward direction. The auxiliary igniter 102 is effective for ignition (ignition) of the charcoal accumulation 90, and can stably maintain the temperature of the combustion gas of charcoal at a specified temperature. Condensing the heat radiation lines in the focal region can maintain the heat generation temperature of the charcoal at a specified value, and can maintain the heat generation temperature of the charcoal other than the focus region at a specified value. It is effective to pass an electric current through the vertical center line 103 while the temperature of the gas flow temperature detector 97 is not more than a specified value. When the auxiliary igniter 102 is equipped, the injection annular double pipe 72 is used as a single pipe for sending only oxygen (air).

  As shown in FIG. 12, the addition of the harmful gas decomposer 108 is more effective. The noxious gas decomposer 108 is disposed in the vicinity of the gas flow temperature detector 97, and in particular, is disposed at or near the inlet of the combustion gas discharge duct 71. The harmful gas decomposer 108 is formed in a porous body or a net-like body. The pore surface of the porous body or network having a wide contact area is coated by vapor deposition with a chemical reaction promoting catalyst. The chemical reaction promoting catalyst is a substance (for example: a ceramic such as a photocatalytic substance such as titanium oxide) in which the vicinity of its surface is turned into plasma at a low temperature and decomposes harmful gas (organic chemical gas). The harmful gas decomposer 108 is effective as a replaceable filter-type secondary combustor. Hazardous substances that may remain slightly in the combustion chamber 57 are reliably physicochemically processed and rendered harmless in the narrow passage of the combustion gas discharge duct 71.

  The heating low temperature steam 41 shown in FIG. 1 can be directly supplied to the second cultivation room 44. In this case, it is preferable to pass through a heating pipe that is passed through the soil of the second cultivation chamber 44. The high-temperature steam 5 supplied from the combustion heat source 4 can be supplied directly to the second cultivation chamber 44 via the distribution valve 109. The second cultivation room 44 can be replaced with an aquaculture pond.

  A compressor 110 is interposed between the combustion heat source 4 and the high-temperature steam storage 7. The generator 11 can be used as a drive source for the compressor 110.

FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing a preferred embodiment of a combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a combustion furnace according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is an oblique projection showing the main part of the combustor. FIG. 4 is an oblique projection sectional view showing a part of the combustor. FIG. 5 is an oblique projection showing the combustion principle. FIG. 6 is an oblique projection showing a torus surface flow. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the form of combustion. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature distribution. FIG. 9 is a circuit block diagram showing the heat transport system. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another form of the combustor. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the heater. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the impurity remover.

Explanation of symbols

4 ... Combustion type heat source 6 ... River 7 ... Steam storage 8 ... High temperature steam 9 ... Turbine 11 ... Generator 14 ... Low temperature steam 17 ... Absorption heat exchanger (two-phase separator)
22 ... absorbent 22 ... heat exchange medium (water)
23 ... Condenser 25 ... Cooling medium (water)
33 ... Pump 47 ... Combustion furnace 48 ... Cooling vessel 56 ... Furnace bottom 62 ... Water 63 ... High temperature steam 65 ... Solid fuel feeder 72 ... Injector 87 ... Torus surface flow

Claims (21)

A combustion heat source,
An energy converter that converts thermal energy of heat of the combustion-type heat source into other energy,
The combustion heat source is
A combustion furnace;
A cooling vessel holding water for cooling the furnace wall of the combustion furnace;
A solid fuel supplier for supplying dry-burned solid fuel to the combustion furnace;
A high-temperature steam generated in the cooling container, and a steam storage for taking out and storing the high-temperature steam existing above the liquid level in the cooling container,
The thermal energy coincides with the thermal energy of the high temperature steam in the steam storage. The energy converter is
A turbine generator for converting the thermal energy of the high-temperature steam into electrical energy;
The transportation system for combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 1, further comprising an absorption heat exchanger that operates using low-temperature steam discharged from the turbine generator as a heat source. The transportation system for combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 2, wherein the electric power output from the turbine generator is used as driving energy for driving a pump for circulating the absorbent of the absorption heat exchanger. The absorption heat exchanger is
A two-phase separator containing an absorbent that absorbs the heat exchange medium;
A condenser for liquefying the heat exchange medium separated by the two-phase separator;
An absorption-type cooling heat exchanger that causes the absorbent to absorb the gas-phase heat exchange medium that evaporates when the heat exchange medium liquefied in the condenser takes heat from the medium to be cooled;
The transport system for combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 2, wherein the thermal energy of the low-temperature steam is used as energy for separation of the two-phase separator. The energy converter is
An absorption heat exchanger that operates using low-temperature steam discharged from the turbine generator as a heat source;
The absorption heat exchanger is
A two-phase separator containing an absorbent that absorbs the heat exchange medium;
A condenser for liquefying the heat exchange medium separated by the two-phase separator;
An absorption-type cooling heat exchanger that causes the absorbent to absorb the gas-phase heat exchange medium that evaporates when the heat exchange medium liquefied in the condenser takes heat from the medium to be cooled;
The transport system for combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 1, wherein the thermal energy of the low-temperature steam is used as energy for separation of the two-phase separator. The transport system for combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 5, wherein the cooling medium passed through the condenser to liquefy the heat exchange medium is water, and the water is pumped from a river. The other energy is used as cooling energy or heating energy,
2. The combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling energy is used to lower the air temperature of the cultivation room in summer, and the heating energy is used to increase the air temperature of the cultivation room in winter. . The transport system for exhaust heat from a combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein the solid fuel includes charcoal. The solid fuel supplier supplies the solid fuel to the bottom of the combustion furnace,
The combustion furnace is
An injector for injecting combustion gas from above to below toward the solid fuel;
The transport system for combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 1, wherein the combustion gas forms a torus surface flow. The solid fuel supplier supplies the solid fuel to the bottom of the combustion furnace,
The combustion furnace is
An annular injector for injecting air downward from above toward the solid fuel;
An annular electric heater disposed above the injector;
The approximate center line of the electric heater generally coincides with the approximate center line of the injector,
The transport system for combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 1, wherein the combustion gas forms a torus surface flow. 10. The combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system according to claim 9, further comprising a gas pipe for injecting exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator at a central portion of the torus surface flow. The combustion furnace is
A solid fuel carry-in device for supplying the solid fuel to the bottom of the combustion furnace;
An injector for injecting combustion gas from above to below toward the solid fuel,
The combustion gas forms a torus surface flow;
The transport system for combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 1, further comprising a gas pipe for injecting exhaust gas discharged from an incinerator at a central portion of the torus surface flow. A combustion furnace;
An incinerator,
A cooling vessel holding water for cooling the furnace wall of the combustion furnace;
A gas pipe for introducing exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator into the combustion furnace;
A turbine,
A generator coupled to the turbine;
A solid fuel supplier for supplying solid fuel to the combustion furnace;
A steam storage for taking out from the cooling container and storing the high temperature steam existing above the liquid level in the cooling container among the high temperature steam generated in the cooling container;
The turbine is driven by the high temperature steam of the steam storage;
The combustion furnace includes an injector for injecting a combustion gas from above to below toward the solid fuel, the combustion gas forms a torus surface flow, and the exhaust gas is injected into a central portion of the torus surface flow Combustion furnace exhaust heat transport system. The transport system for combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 13, wherein the solid fuel includes charcoal. The following multiple steps:
Installing a combustor in or near the biocultivation site,
Supplying charcoal to the combustor to burn the charcoal;
Cooling the combustor with cooling water;
Storing the heat of water vapor evaporated by cooling the combustor as stored heat;
Converting the stored heat into electric power;
A method for transporting combustion furnace exhaust heat, the method comprising supplying the electric power to an electrical system of the biological cultivation site. The following process:
The method for transporting exhaust heat from a combustion furnace according to claim 15, further comprising raising the temperature of the biological cultivation place by passing the stored heat in the form of hot steam or hot water through a pipe installed in the biological cultivation place. . The following multiple steps:
Providing the stored heat to a heat exchange medium of a heat exchange circulation system;
Raising the temperature of air in the atmosphere by the heat exchange system;
Lowering the temperature of air in the atmosphere by the heat exchange system;
The method for transporting exhaust heat from a combustion furnace according to claim 15, further comprising: supplying the air whose temperature has been increased by the heat exchange system into a house equipped in the biological cultivation field. The following process:
The method for transporting combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 15, further comprising: supplying the air whose temperature has been lowered by the heat exchange system into a house equipped in the biological cultivation field. The electric power is for driving one element or a plurality of elements selected from a set including a ventilation fan installed in the house, an electric lamp installed in the house, a pump of the heat exchange system, and an on-off valve of the heat exchange system. A method for transporting combustion furnace exhaust heat according to one of claims 15 to 18, selected from the claims 15-18. The following multiple steps:
Supplying carbon dioxide gas generated by the burning into the house of the biocultivation field,
The method for transporting combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 15, further comprising: converting the electric power into light energy in the house for photosynthesis in the house. The following multiple steps:
Producing charcoal by dry distillation of wood with the heat of the combustor,
The method for transporting combustion furnace exhaust heat according to claim 15, wherein the charcoal burned in the combustor includes charcoal produced by the production.

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