JP2005306107A - Pto control device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a PTO control device performing the on-off operation of a PTO clutch certainly and adjusting a timing of clutch engagement according to the sort of operation. <P>SOLUTION: The arrangement according to the present invention in which the engine power is transmitted to a PTO shaft 71 through the PTO clutch 70 of hydraulic type, is structured so that a PTO switch 68 to put on and off the PTO clutch 70 is installed in the neighborhood of a steering handle 24 and that a changeover means of dial type or switch type to change the pressure boosting pattern in engagement of the PTO clutch 70 is installed beside the PTO switch 68. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention can be used for PTO control of tractors and construction vehicles.

  In mobile agricultural machines such as tractors, a hydraulic clutch that rotates and stops the PTO shaft provided at the rear of the aircraft is provided in the mission case, and switches for operating the hydraulic clutch on and off are provided in the cockpit. It is provided in the vicinity.

This switch is usually provided on the panel next to the cockpit or on the top of the fender. Further, there is no tractor or the like provided with means for changing the timing of PTO connection. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a PTO ON / OFF switch provided.
JP 07-25292 A

  The present invention provides an apparatus that can be easily and definitely operated when the PTO switch is turned on to drive the work implement, and that the connection timing can be easily changed according to the type of the work implement. There is to do.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the engine power is transmitted to the PTO shaft 71 side via the hydraulic PTO clutch 70, and a PTO switch 68 for turning on and off the hydraulic PTO clutch 70 is provided in the vicinity of the steering handle 24. The PTO control device is characterized by this.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage device for storing a boosting pattern when the hydraulic PTO clutch 70 is connected, and switching means for selecting one from a plurality of boosting patterns stored in the storage device. 67. The PTO control device according to claim 1, wherein the switching means 67 is provided in the vicinity of the PTO switch 68.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the PTO control device according to claim 2, wherein the switching means 67 is constituted by an ON / OFF type switch.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the PTO control device according to claim 2, wherein the switching means 67 is a dial adjustment type setting device.

  The effects of the invention as set forth in claim 1 are as follows. That is, since the PTO switch 68 is provided in the vicinity of the steering handle 24, the operator can reliably turn the PTO clutch 70 on and off with a slight movement of the hand while facing the front. Operation is simple and there is little risk of incorrect operation.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, not only the ON / OFF state of the PTO clutch 70 but also the connection timing can be adjusted according to the type of the work machine, so that a work machine with a large inertial force such as mower can be driven. In the case of driving a device that has a small inertia force and needs to transmit the driving torque at once, such as a rotary tiller, power transmission can be performed reliably and appropriately according to the contents and purpose of the work.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the pressure increase pattern of the PTO clutch 70 may be selected alternatively by appropriately switching the ON and OFF switches, so that the operation is simple and can be switched instantaneously. Can be raised.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 4, since the switching means is a dial adjustment type, the connection timing can be changed and adjusted in a stepless manner according to the type of work implement, and the adaptability to various work implements is expanded. The clutch connection timing can be appropriately switched according to the operator's preference, improving operability.

  Applicable to tractors capable of shifting 24 gears, including 8 main gear shifts and 3 sub gear shifts, switching the sub transmission with a manual operation lever, and operating an acceleration / deceleration switch provided on the knob of the manual operation lever This is applied to a tractor in which the main shift can be switched one step at a time and the main shift can be switched by operating the accelerator pedal.

  Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of the tractor 1. The tractor 1 has front wheels 2 and 2 for steering and rear wheels 3 and 3 as propulsion wheels, and the rotational power of the engine 5 mounted in the bonnet 4 is appropriately decelerated by a transmission in the transmission case 6. The rotational power is transmitted to the rear wheels 3 and 3. The rotational power of the engine 5 may be transmitted not only to the rear wheels 3 and 3 but also to the front wheels 2 and 2 to drive all four wheels.

  Further, in the transmission case 6, a forward / reverse switching device 9 for switching the advancing direction of the airframe, a main transmission device 10 capable of shifting in eight steps, and an auxiliary transmission device 12 capable of shifting in three steps are connected in series. ing. These transmission systems will be described later with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 1, a hydraulic cylinder case 14 is provided at an upper portion of the transmission case 6, and lift arms 15, 15 are pivotally attached to left and right sides of the hydraulic cylinder case 14. Lift rods 17, 17 are connected between the lift arms 15, 15 and the lower links 16, 16, and a rotary tiller 18, which is a work machine, is connected to the rear of the lower links 16, 16. When operating oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 14a accommodated in the hydraulic cylinder case 14 by operating the hydraulic operation lever 28, the lift arms 15 and 15 are rotated upward, via the lift rod 17, the lower link 16, and the like. The work machine rises. On the contrary, when the hydraulic control lever 28 is operated to the lower side, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 14a is discharged into the transmission case 6 which also serves as a hydraulic tank, and the lift arms 15 and 15 are lowered.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes a rotary tiller. The rotary tiller 18 includes a tiller 19, a main cover 20 that covers the top of the tiller 19, a rear cover 22 that is pivotally attached to the rear of the main cover 20, and the like.

  1 will be described. A forward / reverse switching lever 27 for operating the forward / reverse switching device 9 is provided on the upper left side of the handle post 25 that supports the steering handle 24. When the aircraft is tilted forward from the neutral position, the aircraft moves forward. Conversely, when the aircraft is pulled backward, the aircraft moves backward.

  Next, the power transmission system will be described based on the power diagram shown in FIG. A main clutch 30 is provided at the rear of the engine 5, and a forward / reverse switching device 9 is provided at the rear of the transmission of the main clutch 30. The forward / reverse switching device 9 includes multi-plate friction type hydraulic clutches 9a and 9b, which are normally maintained in a neutral position, and the forward hydraulic clutch 9a is connected by operating the forward / reverse switching lever 27 in the longitudinal direction. Alternatively, the reverse hydraulic clutch 9b is connected. At the rear of the forward / reverse switching device 9, there is provided a first synchromesh main transmission 10 capable of four-speed shifting, and when the actuators 31, 31 expand and contract in response to a command from a controller, which will be described later, shifters 32, 32 Is moved back and forth to change speed. In FIG. 2, when the front shifter 32 moves back and forth, the fourth speed and the third speed are obtained, and when the rear shifter 32 moves back and forth, the second speed and the first speed are obtained. In this case, when the main shift is switched, the hydraulic clutch of the hydraulic forward / reverse switching device 9 is first returned to neutral, and the hydraulic clutch of the forward / reverse switching device 9 is connected again after the shift. It is composed.

  A hydraulic second main transmission 11 that can be switched between high and low two stages is provided at the rear of the first main transmission 10. The front hydraulic clutch 11a is a high speed clutch, and the rear hydraulic clutch 11b is a low speed hydraulic clutch. Therefore, the main transmissions 10 and 11 in this embodiment are capable of 4 × 2 and 8 shifts.

  Further, the rear portion of the second main transmission 11 is provided with a sub-transmission 12 that can change in three stages and has a relatively large reduction ratio as compared with the main transmission. When the front shifter 35 is moved back and forth by operating the sub-shift operating lever 34, high speed (H) and medium speed (M) are obtained, and when the rear shifter 35 is moved rearward, low speed (L ) Is obtained. When the auxiliary transmission 12 is operated, the main clutch 30 needs to be turned on and off. That is, the main clutch pedal 29 is depressed to operate the sub-shift operation lever 34 in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction, and after the shift operation, the main clutch pedal 29 is released to transmit the engine rotational power to the transmission side.

  Note that the main transmissions 10 and 11 are shifted by pushing in a speed increasing switch 37 and a speed reducing switch 38 provided on the knob of the operation lever 34 (see FIG. 3). Even if the acceleration switch 37 is pressed or the deceleration switch 38 is pressed, the shift is performed only by one step. The main transmissions 10 and 11 are shifted in the range from the first slow speed to the eighth fast speed. Then, the power decelerated by the auxiliary transmission device 12 is transmitted to the drive pinion 40, and the rear wheels 3 and 3 are driven through the rear wheel differential device 41 and the final reduction device 42 sequentially. The power branched from the rear wheel drive system in front of the rear wheel differential device 41 is used as a front wheel drive system. In the front wheel drive system, the front wheels 2 and 2 are driven at the same speed as the rear wheels 3 and 3, or the front wheels A front wheel speed increasing device 44 is provided for rotating 2 and 2 at a speed higher than that of the rear wheels 3 and 3. When the front hydraulic clutch 44a of the front wheel speed increasing device 44 is connected, the front wheel speed increasing state is established, and when the rear hydraulic clutch 44b is connected, the constant speed four-wheel driving state is established, and both hydraulic clutches 44a, 44b are engaged. When is turned OFF, only the rear wheels 3 and 3 are driven. Reference numeral 46 is a front wheel differential device, and 47 is a front wheel final reduction device.

  In the power transmission diagram of FIG. 2, only when the auxiliary transmission 12 is at a high speed (H), if the operating lever 34 is moved sideways as it is, an ultra-high speed position suitable for the road traveling speed ( Switch to HH). In this case, the main speed can be selected from the 1st to 8th speeds of the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th speeds on the high speed side. Even if 37 and 38 are operated, it cannot be selected in the program. When driving on the road, high speed driving is premised, so only the high speed side is prioritized, and the low speed side is automatically cut so that shifting operation is not performed so that it does not enter the 1st to 4th speeds, improving operability I am letting.

  In this embodiment, the selectable high-speed side shift pattern is four steps of 5, 6, 7, and 8. However, it is set to 3 steps of 6, 7, and 8 speeds, or 7 speeds. Alternatively, the number of shift stages may be reduced such that only the second stage of the eighth speed.

  FIG. 3 shows the positional relationship between the auxiliary transmission operation lever 34, the cockpit 48 and the lever guide 49. The lever guide 49 is provided on the left side of the cockpit 48. The shape of the lever guide 49 is an inverted U shape when viewed from above, and the operation lever 34 moves in the groove of the lever guide 49. As is clear from the figure, the high speed (H) and the medium speed (M) are in an opposing positional relationship, and the ultra high speed (HH) and the low speed (L) are opposed in the opposite groove.

  In the high speed (H) and the super high speed (HH), only the shift range of the main transmissions 10 and 11 is changed without changing the shift position of the auxiliary transmission 12. That is, the position of the sub-transmission device 12 is at the high speed (H) position, and only the shiftable range of the main transmissions 10 and 11 in this state is changed by the program. The lever guide 49 is provided with four switches 50, 51, 52, 53 in order to detect which shift position the sub-shift operation lever 34 for operating the sub-transmission device 12 is in. Instead of these switches 50, 51, 52, 53, a position of the auxiliary transmission operation lever 34 may be detected by a potentiometer type position sensor.

  In addition to the acceleration / deceleration switches 37 and 38, the auxiliary transmission operation lever 34 is provided with an automatic mode switch 55. When the automatic mode switch 55 is depressed, a shift by an accelerator pedal 58 described later becomes possible. More specifically, when the automatic mode switch 55 is in an ON state and the sub-transmission device 12 is being shifted to a super high speed (HH) suitable for the road traveling speed, the accelerator pedal 58 is used to change the main transmission device 10, 11 can be automatically shifted within a predetermined range. That is, the main transmissions 10 and 11 can be automatically increased or decreased in the range from the first speed to the eighth speed, but in this embodiment, as described above, from the fifth speed to the eighth speed on the high speed side. It can be switched sequentially only within the range. Although detailed description is omitted, when the auxiliary transmission 12 is switched to a position other than the super high speed (HH), for example, the high speed (H) position, the medium speed (M) position, and the low speed (L) position. At some point, if the automatic mode switch 55 is ON, the shift position of the main transmission that has been used for the longest time in the auxiliary transmission is switched. (Hereinafter referred to as “memory shift”). For example, when the sub-transmission device 12 is switched to the medium speed (M) position and the main transmission device is shifted to the third speed, and the time during which the operation is performed in this state is at another main transmission position. When the cumulative time is the longest, the auxiliary transmission 12 is temporarily switched, and when it is returned to the original medium speed (M) position, it is always switched to the third speed position, which is the original main shift position. is there.

  Therefore, when the automatic mode switch 55 is ON, a memory shift or an automatic shift by the accelerator pedal 58 can be performed.

  Next, the peripheral structure of the instrument panel (meter panel) 59 shown in FIG. 4 will be described.

  An engine tachometer 60 is provided at the center of the meter panel 59, and various monitor lamp groups 62 are provided on the left side thereof. In addition, a liquid crystal display screen 63 is provided at a position on the right side of the engine tachometer 60. The liquid crystal display screen 63 displays a vehicle speed, a shift position, a remaining amount of fuel, and the like. A timer switching dial 65 (described later) is provided at the left corner of the meter panel 59, and a travel boosting mode switching switch 66, a PTO boosting mode switching switch 67, and a PTO switch 68 are arranged in this order on the right side of the steering handle post 25. Moreover, they are provided in a horizontal row in a state where they are close to each other.

  The timer switching dial 65 changes the pressure increase time when the hydraulic PTO clutch 70 (see FIG. 2) is connected. By turning the dial 65 to the right, the boosting curve becomes gentle and the connection shock is reduced.

  The travel boosting mode changeover switch 66 adjusts the connection time of the hydraulic forward / reverse switching device 9, and in this embodiment, the time during which the hydraulic clutches 9a, 9b of the forward / reverse switching device 9 are connected can be adjusted in two steps. It can be done. That is, the hydraulic clutches 9a and 9b are slowly connected in a standard state where the travel boost mode switching switch 66 is not pressed, and the hydraulic clutches 9a and 9b are quickly connected when the travel boost mode switching switch 66 is pressed. An expert who is accustomed to work can press the travel boost mode changeover switch 66 to quickly connect the hydraulic clutches 9a and 9b in both forward and reverse directions, thereby greatly improving the work efficiency. In particular, when a work load such as a front loader is attached to the tractor 1 and the weight of the fuselage becomes heavy when carrying out earthing or transporting work, a strong driving torque is required for the rear wheels. Set a higher pressure to smooth out. On the other hand, in the case of a light work in which a heavy weight is not applied to the rear wheel 3 of the tractor 1, the connection pressure of the hydraulic clutch is gradually increased without pressing the travel boosting mode changeover switch 66, so that the connection is made smoothly. Less shock.

  A PTO boost mode switching switch 67 provided next to the travel boost mode switching switch 66 can select two types of time to connect the PTO clutch 70. When the PTO boost mode switching switch 67 is not pressed, the PTO boost mode switching switch 67 can be selected. The engagement of the clutch 70 is slow, and when the PTO boost mode switching switch 67 is pressed, the PTO clutch 70 is engaged slowly. Since it is better to gradually increase the clutch connection pressure when transmitting power to a pasture working machine, for example, a working machine having a large inertia force such as a mower, the PTO clutch 70 has a boosting curve as shown in FIG. Increase the pressure relatively slowly, and ensure that a higher connection pressure than in the case of (d) above is required to connect the PTO clutch 70 at a stroke, such as a rotary tiller, that requires a driving torque from the beginning of rotation. Then, the PTO clutch 70 is connected (see FIG. 5C). 5A and 5B show the relationship between time and the current flowing through the PTO solenoid. The solenoid valve of the PTO clutch 70 is preferably a proportional pressure control valve, and various boosting curves can be easily drawn by controlling the current in a variable manner. FIG. 5 (e) shows the relationship between time and pressure when the boosting curve is changed using the timer switching dial 65. FIG.

  The PTO switch 68 is a simple ON / OFF switch. For example, the switch may be turned on when pressed and turned off when pulled, but before turning it on, turn the knob once to the right, and then turn on this switch. The knob may be turned on when it is pulled up, and may be turned off by pressing in an emergency to return the knob to its original position. Alternatively, it may be configured such that one action is added before turning the knob to the right, the switch jumps forward and turns on after turning, and returns to the OFF position again when the jumped switch is pressed. The safety as a switch can be enhanced by accompanying two or three actions from the OFF position to the ON operation.

  Next, the configuration of the block diagram shown in FIG. 6 will be described.

  On the input side of a controller 72 having a CPU therein, a PTO switch 68, a PTO boost mode switching switch 67, a travel boost mode switching switch 66, a forward / reverse position sensor 74 for reading a forward / reverse switching position, and a subtransmission device. A position sensor 75 (consisting of switches 50, 51, 52, 53) for detecting 12 shift positions, a main shift position sensor 76 for detecting the switching position of the main transmissions 10, 11, and the main transmissions 10, 11. The speed increasing / decreasing button switches 37 and 38 and the timer switching dial 65 are connected. A PTO clutch proportional pressure control valve 85, a forward / reverse switching valve 86, a travel clutch booster valve 87, a main transmission switching solenoid 88, and the like are connected to the output side. Further, a storage device 64 storing at least two different boosting patterns is provided in the controller 72, and one is selected by operating the PTO boosting mode changeover switch 67.

  Next, the specific contents of the control will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, values of various switches and sensors connected to the controller 72 are read (step S1), and it is determined whether or not the PTO switch 68 is turned on (step S2). When the PTO switch 68 is turned off, the PTO clutch 70 is turned on. The energization of the solenoid to the proportional pressure control valve 85 is stopped (step S4). On the contrary, when the PTO switch 68 is pushed in and is in the ON state, whether or not the PTO boost mode switching switch 67 is pushed is read, and the PTO boost mode switching switch 67 is pushed to shorten the boosting time. When the control is selected, the clutch is connected with the boost pattern of FIG. 5C (step S5).

  When the PTO boost mode switching switch 67 is not depressed, the clutch is connected with the boost pattern shown in FIG. 5 (d) so as to connect the clutch slowly (step S6).

  When the PTO clutch 70 is slowly connected without shock, adjustment by the timer switching dial 65 is performed (step S7).

  Next, communication control between controllers will be described with reference to FIG. In the tractor 1 described in the above embodiment, the following configuration can be adopted instead of the controller 72. In the system described here, at least four controllers 80, 81, 82, and 83 are required.

  The controller 80 controls the display relation of the meter panel 59 and outputs control commands for the liquid crystal display screen 63 and various monitor lamp groups 62. More specifically, in this controller 80, for example, the state where the work machine is lifted by the reverse operation, such as the disengaged state of the pair of left and right brake pedals, the parking state, the warning, the 2WD-4WD switching state display, etc. Can be displayed, various sensor information can be sent on the liquid crystal screen, and various messages regarding driving guidance can be sent.

  The controller 81 is in the right operation section of the cockpit 48 and controls various settings.

  Mainly a part of the lifting control of the work implement and a setter and switches for horizontal control are connected. Specifically, a horizontal changeover switch 90 for changing the horizontal control mode, a horizontal sensitivity switch 91 for changing the horizontal control sensitivity, Auto sensitivity switch 92 for switching the auto sensitivity of the rotary tiller, backup switch 93 for selecting a mode in which the work machine ascends when the machine is moved backward, and control so that the work machine lowers its descending speed before landing. A deceler setting switch 94, a horizontal right-up manual switch 95 that is manually adjusted when the working machine is subjected to rolling control, a horizontal right-down manual switch 96, a raised position adjustment dial 97, an inclination adjustment dial 98, and the like are connected.

  The controller 82 mainly controls a work implement lifting system that raises and lowers the work implement.

  On the input side of the controller 82 is a position setter 100 for the hydraulic operation lever 28 for raising and lowering the work implement to the set position, and a finger lever (elevating switch for simply raising and lowering the work implement from the re-lowering position to the maximum raising position. 101) Lift arm sensor 102 for detecting the position of the lift arm 15; Depth sensor 103 for detecting the working depth of the work implement; Plowing adjustment dial 104 for setting the working depth; Cutting angle sensor 105 for detecting the steering angle of the handle; A work switching dial 106 for setting a traveling mode, a check switch 107 for entering a diagnostic mode for checking the functions of sensors and switches, and the like are connected. On the other hand, the output side of the controller 82 is connected with a solenoid 108 for raising and lowering the work implement, a solenoid 109 for speeding up the front wheels, a solenoid 110 for 4WD, and left and right solenoids 111 and 112 for braking the left and right rear wheel brakes. ing.

  The controller 83 mainly controls the running shift control, and the input side of the controller 83 has a position sensor 75 (consisting of switches 50, 51, 52, and 53) for detecting the sub shift position and the main transmission. A main shift position sensor 76 for detecting a shift position, acceleration / deceleration switches 37 and 38 for operating the main transmission, a switch 114 for detecting depression of the clutch pedal 29, and a forward / reverse position sensor for detecting a switching position of the forward / reverse switching device 9 116, an engine rotation sensor 115 for detecting the engine speed is connected.

  On the other hand, a solenoid 117 for switching the forward / reverse switching device 9 and a solenoid 118 for switching the main transmission are connected to the output side of the controller 83.

  The four controllers 80, 81, 82, 83 described in the above embodiment are connected to each other via a communication line t. Among them, the controller 82 for lifting control and the controller 80 for display are connected by synchronous communication with a low communication speed. The controller 82 for lifting control and the controller 81 for setting are also connected by synchronous communication with a low communication speed, and the controller 82 for lifting control and the controller 83 for travel control are connected by CAN communication having a high communication speed. Yes. Since various information set by the setting device or switch on the controller 81 side does not need to be transmitted instantaneously to the meter panel side, there is no problem in working even if the communication speed is somewhat slow. For this reason, the synchronous communication system with a low communication speed is adopted.

  On the other hand, with regard to the shift control, a configuration in which the communication speed is connected by CAN communication that is faster than the synchronous communication because there is no control delay when the sensor information of the controller 82 for the elevation control side is transmitted to the controller 83 for speed control faster. It is said. As a result, the traveling speed control can be performed with sufficient mobility without delaying the traveling speed change control. In this embodiment, the CAN communication is performed only between one set of controllers and the other is the synchronous communication. Therefore, it is not necessary to use many noise countermeasure elements necessary for the CAN communication, and the circuit can be simplified and can be configured at a low cost. Have. Further, since the signal from the turning angle sensor connected to the controller 82 is transmitted to the controller 83 for traveling speed change by CAN communication, the automatic speed change during turning can be checked. Even if a command is issued, it is possible to prevent shifting, and smooth turning can be performed.

  In the above-described embodiment, the check mode switch is interposed in the controller 82 as described above. The check mode switch is turned on to enter the sensor or switch check mode, and the meter panel. Even if the operation check is performed by touching various setting devices or switches while looking at the screen on the 59 side, the setting values by those setting operations are not stored. The setting value is newly stored only when the check mode is exited and the setting is reset.

It is the whole tractor side view. It is a power transmission diagram. It is a perspective view of a lever guide part. It is a front view of a meter panel. It is explanatory drawing of a pressure | voltage rise pattern. It is a control block diagram. It is a control flowchart. It is a control block diagram.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tractor 2 Front wheel 3 Rear wheel 4 Bonnet 5 Engine 6 Mission case 9 Forward / reverse switching device 10 First main transmission 11 Second main transmission 12 Sub transmission 34 Sub transmission operation lever 37 Speed increase switch 38 Deceleration switch 55 Automatic mode Switch 58 Accelerator pedal 59 Meter panel 62 Monitor lamp group 63 Liquid crystal display screen 65 Timer switching dial 66 Traveling boost mode switching switch 67 PTO boost mode switching switch 68 PTO switch 70 PTO clutch 72 Controller 80 Controller (for meter panel)
81 Controller (for lifting and horizontal setting)
82 Controller (for lifting control)
83 Controller (for traveling speed change control)

Claims (4)

  PTO control for transmitting engine power to the PTO shaft 71 side via a hydraulic PTO clutch 70, wherein a PTO switch 68 for turning on and off the hydraulic PTO clutch 70 is provided in the vicinity of the steering handle 24. apparatus.   A storage device for storing a boosting pattern when the hydraulic PTO clutch 70 is connected is provided, and a switching means 67 for selecting one from a plurality of boosting patterns stored in the storage device is provided. The PTO control device according to claim 1, wherein 67 is provided in the vicinity of the PTO switch 68.   The PTO control device according to claim 2, wherein the switching means (67) comprises an ON / OFF type switch.   The PTO control device according to claim 2, wherein the switching means (67) comprises a dial adjustment type setting device.

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