JP2005281088A - Concrete composition and its production method - Google Patents

Concrete composition and its production method Download PDF

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JP2005281088A
JP2005281088A JP2004099509A JP2004099509A JP2005281088A JP 2005281088 A JP2005281088 A JP 2005281088A JP 2004099509 A JP2004099509 A JP 2004099509A JP 2004099509 A JP2004099509 A JP 2004099509A JP 2005281088 A JP2005281088 A JP 2005281088A
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compound
water
concrete
cement
concrete composition
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JP4744813B2 (en
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Koichi Sato
孝一 佐藤
Seiji Kanamori
誠治 金森
Suguru Nonaka
英 野中
Takayuki Aono
孝行 青野
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Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd
Fatec Co Ltd
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Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd
Fatec Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2004099509A priority Critical patent/JP4744813B2/en
Priority to TW094109270A priority patent/TW200533628A/en
Priority to KR1020067019960A priority patent/KR20070005645A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2005/005771 priority patent/WO2005095300A1/en
Priority to CN 200580010592 priority patent/CN1938240A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a concrete composition excellent in flowability, material separation resistance and early strength developability and also excellent in freshness holding property, and to provide its production method. <P>SOLUTION: In the preparation of the concrete composition, a high-early-strength portland cement is used as cement and as an admixture, an additive containing a 1st water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and a 2nd water-soluble low molecular compound (B) and selected from additives each in a combination that the compound (A) and the compound (B) are respectively a compound (A) selected from ampholytic surfactants and a compound (B) selected from anionic surfactants, respectively a compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and a compound (B) selected from anionic surfactants or respectively a compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and a compound (B) selected from bromine compounds is used. The composition is controlled to have water/cement ratio of 30-40%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、コンクリート組成物とその製造方法に関するもので、特に、早強性とフレッシュ保持性に優れたコンクリート組成物とその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a concrete composition and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, to a concrete composition having excellent early strength and fresh retainability and a method for producing the same.

従来、コンクリートの打設時には、型枠内にコンクリートを密実に充填するために、バイブレータによる締め固めを十分に行う必要があった。そこで、締め固めなしで型枠内へ確実に充填することの可能な高流動コンクリートが種々提案されている。このような高流動コンクリートは、セメント、水、骨材に、高性能AE減水剤などのコンクリート用化学混和剤を添加して流動性を高めるとともに、各種無機粉体や増粘剤を添加して材料分離抵抗性を向上させたもので、打込み時の省人化を図ることができるとともに、締め固め作業に伴う騒音を解消することができることから、多方面に使用されており、特に、鉄筋の混み入った型枠内へ大量のコンクリートを打設する構造物などに有効である。
一方、海洋構造物や水中トンネルなどの構築に用いられる、水中または海中において打設されるコンクリート組成物としては、耐水性に優れた水中不分離性コンクリートが知られている。この水中不分離性コンクリートは、セメント、水、骨材に、セルロース系またはアクリル系の水溶性高分子を主成分とする水中不分離性混和剤を配合することにより、コンクリートの粘性及び耐水性を高めるようにしたもので、水中に直接打込んでも材料分離が少なく品質の信頼性を向上させることができる。
Conventionally, when placing concrete, it has been necessary to sufficiently compact with a vibrator in order to densely fill the concrete into the mold. Therefore, various high-fluidity concretes that can be reliably filled into the mold without compaction have been proposed. Such high-fluidity concrete is made by adding chemical admixtures for concrete such as high-performance AE water reducing agents to cement, water, and aggregates to increase fluidity, and adding various inorganic powders and thickeners. It has improved material separation resistance, and can save labor during driving and eliminate noise associated with compaction work. It is effective for structures that place a large amount of concrete into a crowded formwork.
On the other hand, underwater or non-separable concrete excellent in water resistance is known as a concrete composition used for construction of an offshore structure or an underwater tunnel and is placed in water or in the sea. This underwater non-separable concrete is made by blending cement, water and aggregate with an underwater non-separable admixture based on a water-soluble polymer based on cellulose or acrylic to improve the viscosity and water resistance of the concrete. It is designed to increase the quality, so that even if it is directly driven into the water, there is little material separation and the reliability of quality can be improved.

一方、植生コンクリートや排水性舗装用のコンクリートなどに用いられる、セメントペーストで粗骨材をまぶして成形した透水性コンクリートにおいて、上記粗骨材へ付着性と均一保型性とを向上させるための透水性コンクリート用添加剤が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
上記添加剤は、第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを含有する添加剤であり、上記化合物(A)と化合物(B)との組み合わせとしては、(1)両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、または、(2)カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、(3)カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)と臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、から選択される。上記添加剤の配合量は、目的とする粘性及び空隙の均一性の程度により適宜選択されるが、好ましい配合量としては、セメントあるいは高炉スラグなどの水硬化性粉体に対して、化合物(A)と化合物(B)の合計が0.01〜1重量%、特に好ましくは0.1〜0.5重量%であり、これにより、空隙率が20〜30%の連続した空隙を含む強度の高い透水性コンクリートを得ることができる。
特開2003−327458号公報
On the other hand, in water-permeable concrete, which is used for vegetation concrete, drainage pavement concrete, etc., which is formed by coating coarse aggregate with cement paste, to improve adhesion and uniform shape retention to the coarse aggregate. An additive for water-permeable concrete has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
The additive is an additive containing the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B), and a combination of the compound (A) and the compound (B) As (1) a combination of a compound (A) selected from amphoteric surfactants and a compound (B) selected from anionic surfactants, or (2) a compound selected from cationic surfactants (A ) And a compound (B) selected from an anionic aromatic compound, and (3) a combination of a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from a bromine compound. The The blending amount of the additive is appropriately selected depending on the target viscosity and the degree of uniformity of the voids. As a preferable blending amount, compound (A) is used with respect to a water-curable powder such as cement or blast furnace slag. ) And the compound (B) is 0.01 to 1% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight. Highly permeable concrete can be obtained.
JP 2003-327458 A

ところで、シールド工法の直打ちコンクリートライニング材などに使用されるコンクリート組成物には、流動性、材料分離抵抗性、及び、早強性に優れるとともに、フレッシュコンクリート経時保持性(以下、フレッシュ保持性という)に優れていることが要求されている。この早強性とフレッシュ保持性とは、従来、両立が困難な特性であって、上記高流動コンクリートでは流動性、材料分離抵抗性に優れており、また、減水剤を適宜選択するなどして、早強性を発揮させることも可能であるが、フレッシュ保持性については問題があった。また、上記水中不分離性コンクリートは、流動性、材料分離抵抗性、フレッシュ保持性には優れているが、早強性に問題があった。   By the way, the concrete composition used for the direct-acting concrete lining material of the shield method, etc. has excellent fluidity, material separation resistance, and early strength, and retains fresh concrete with time (hereinafter referred to as fresh retainability). ) Is required to be excellent. This early strength and fresh retainability are properties that are difficult to achieve at the same time, and the above high fluidity concrete is excellent in fluidity and material separation resistance. Although it is possible to exhibit early strength, there was a problem with fresh retention. Moreover, although the said water-inseparable concrete is excellent in fluidity | liquidity, material-separation resistance, and fresh retainability, there existed a problem in early strength.

本発明は、従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、流動性、材料分離抵抗性、及び、早強性に優れるとともに、フレッシュ保持性にも優れたコンクリート組成物とその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of conventional problems, and provides a concrete composition excellent in fluidity, material separation resistance, and early strength, and also excellent in fresh retainability, and a method for producing the same. For the purpose.

本発明者らは、鋭意検討した結果、コンクリート組成物に用いられるセメントとして早強性のセメントを用い、かつ、混和剤として、上記骨材へ付着性と均一保型性に優れた効果を発揮する上記透水性コンクリート用添加剤を用いるとともに、水セメント比を30〜40%とすることにより、早強性、流動性、材料分離抵抗性に優れるとともに、上記早強性とは相反する特性であるフレッシュ保持性にも優れたコンクリート組成物を得ることができることを見いだし、本発明に到ったものである。
すなわち、本発明の請求項1に記載の発明は、セメント、水、骨材、及び、混和剤を含む添加物を混練して成るコンクリート組成物において、上記セメントとして早強ポルトランドセメントを用い、かつ、上記混和剤として、第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを含有する添加剤であり、上記化合物(A)と化合物(B)とが、両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、または、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)と臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、から選択される添加剤のうちのいずれかの添加剤を用いるとともに、上記コンクリート組成物の水セメント比を30〜40%としたことを特徴とするものである。
請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1に記載のコンクリート組成物において、上記混和剤として、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)とを含有する混和剤を用いるとともに、上記化合物(A)と上記化合物(B)とを、単位水量に対して、それぞれ0.5〜5.0重量%の割合で配合したことを特徴とするものである。
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have used an early-strength cement as the cement used in the concrete composition and, as an admixture, exerted excellent effects in adhesion to the aggregate and uniform shape retention. In addition to using the additive for water-permeable concrete and having a water cement ratio of 30 to 40%, it has excellent early strength, fluidity, and material separation resistance, and has characteristics that conflict with the early strength. It has been found that a concrete composition excellent in certain fresh retainability can be obtained, and the present invention has been achieved.
That is, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention uses an early-strength Portland cement as the cement in a concrete composition obtained by kneading cement, water, an aggregate, and an additive containing an admixture, and An additive containing the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) as the admixture, wherein the compound (A) and the compound (B) are A combination of a compound (A) selected from amphoteric surfactants and a compound (B) selected from anionic surfactants, or a compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and an anionic aromatic compound Of the additives selected from the combination with the compound (B) selected, the compound (A) selected from the cationic surfactant and the compound (B) selected from the bromine compound With use of the additive Zureka, it is characterized in that the water-cement ratio of the concrete composition was 30 to 40%.
The invention according to claim 2 is the concrete composition according to claim 1, wherein the admixture is a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from an anionic aromatic compound. In addition, the compound (A) and the compound (B) are blended in a proportion of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight with respect to the unit water amount. Is.

また、請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1または請求項2に記載のコンクリート組成物において、上記コンクリート組成物に、更に、減水剤、AE減水剤、もしくは、高性能AE減水剤などのコンクリート用化学混和剤を、セメントに対して、0.5〜5.0重量%の割合で配合したことを特徴とするものである。
請求項4に記載の発明は、請求項3に記載のコンクリート組成物において、上記コンクリート用化学混和剤としてカルボキシル基含有ポリエーテル系減水剤を用いたことを特徴とするものである。
Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the concrete composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concrete composition further includes a water reducing agent, an AE water reducing agent, or a high performance AE water reducing agent. The concrete chemical admixture is blended at a ratio of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight with respect to cement.
The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the concrete composition described in claim 3, a carboxyl group-containing polyether water reducing agent is used as the chemical admixture for concrete.

また、請求項5に記載の発明は、請求項1〜請求項4のいずれかに記載のコンクリート組成物を製造する方法であって、セメント、水、骨材に上記第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)を添加して混練した後、上記混練物に上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)を添加して再度混練してコンクリート組成物を製造するようにしたことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 5 is a method for producing the concrete composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second water-soluble low molecule is applied to cement, water, and aggregate. After the compound (B) is added and kneaded, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is added to the kneaded product and kneaded again to produce a concrete composition. .

本発明によれば、コンクリート組成物を製造する際に、セメントとして早強ポルトランドセメントを用い、かつ、混和剤として、第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを含有する添加剤であり、上記化合物(A)と化合物(B)とが、両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、または、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)と臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、から選択される添加剤のうちのいずれかの添加剤を用いるとともに、水セメント比が30〜40%となるように調整したので、流動性、早強性、材料分離抵抗性に優れるとともに、フレッシュ保持性にも優れたコンクリート組成物を得ることができる。
このとき、上記混和剤を、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)とを含有する混和剤とするとともに、上記化合物(A)と上記化合物(B)とを、単位水量に対して、それぞれ0.5〜5.0重量%の割合で配合することにより、流動性、早強性、材料分離抵抗性、及び、フレッシュ保持性を更に向上させることができる。
According to the present invention, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound are used as an admixture in the production of a concrete composition. An additive containing (B), wherein the compound (A) and the compound (B) are selected from an amphoteric surfactant (A) and an anionic surfactant (B) Or a combination of a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from an anionic aromatic compound, a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a bromine compound Since any one of the additives selected from the combination with the selected compound (B) is used, and the water cement ratio is adjusted to be 30 to 40%, Volatility, early strength, excellent in segregation resistance, it is possible to obtain a concrete composition excellent in fresh holding properties.
At this time, the admixture is an admixture containing a compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and a compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds, and the compound (A) and the above By blending the compound (B) at a ratio of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight with respect to the unit water amount, fluidity, early strength, material separation resistance, and freshness retention are further improved. Can be improved.

また、上記コンクリート組成物を製造する際に、セメント、水、骨材に上記第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)を添加して混練した後、上記混練物に上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)を添加して再度混練してコンクリート組成物を製造するようにしたので、上記コンクリート組成物を効率よく製造することができる。   In addition, when the concrete composition is produced, the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) is added to and kneaded with cement, water, and aggregate, and then the first water-soluble low-molecular compound is added to the kneaded product. Since the molecular compound (A) is added and kneaded again to produce the concrete composition, the concrete composition can be produced efficiently.

以下、本発明の最良の形態について説明する。
本発明の最良の形態に係るコンクリート組成物は、早強ポルトランドセメント、水、粗骨材、細骨材に、コンクリート用化学混和剤を配合するとともに、混和剤として、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と、アニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを含有する混和剤を用いたもので、その製造方法としては、はじめに、セメント、水、細骨材に、コンクリート用化学混和剤と、上記第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを練り混ぜて混練物を作製した後、この混練物に上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)を添加して再度混練し、最後に粗骨材を加えて混練し、コンクリート組成物を作製する。
このとき、水セメント比(W/C)としては、30〜40%とすることが好ましく、35%前後とすることが特に好ましい。水セメント比が30%未満であると粘性が高くなり流動性が低下するだけでなく、セメントの割合が多くなるため水和発熱が大きくなり、温度ひび割れが発生し易くなる。また、40%を超えると、同じ粘性を得るためには上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを余分に入れる必要があるが、それでも早強性は低下してしまうので、30〜40%とすることが好ましい。
ところで、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とがある一定の割合でセメント中に混入されると、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とが電気的に配列して擬似ポリマーを形成することにより、上記混和剤は増粘剤として機能し、上記コンクリート組成物の早強性やフレッシュ保持性を向上させるが、このためには、上記のように、第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)を先に添加して混練した後、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)を添加するようにすることが肝要である。
これは、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と上記第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを同時に添加すると、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と上記第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とが不均質な状態で擬似ポリマーを形成してしまうので、擬似ポリマーを均質な状態で形成させて所望の特性を得るためには長時間の混練が必要となるためである。
また、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)を先に加えると、混練の際に泡が発生してコンクリートの空気量が多くなり、強度の低下や比重の減少等が起こる場合がある。
Hereinafter, the best mode of the present invention will be described.
The concrete composition according to the best mode of the present invention is blended with a chemical admixture for concrete in early-strength Portland cement, water, coarse aggregate, and fine aggregate, and is selected from cationic surfactants as the admixture. The admixture containing the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds is used, and its production method is as follows: First, a kneaded material is prepared by mixing a chemical admixture for concrete and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) with cement, water, and fine aggregate, and then adding the first kneaded material to the first kneaded material. The water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) is added and kneaded again, and finally coarse aggregate is added and kneaded to prepare a concrete composition.
At this time, the water cement ratio (W / C) is preferably 30 to 40%, particularly preferably around 35%. If the water-cement ratio is less than 30%, not only the viscosity increases and the fluidity decreases, but also the proportion of cement increases, so the hydration heat generation increases and temperature cracking is likely to occur. If it exceeds 40%, it is necessary to add the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) in order to obtain the same viscosity. Since early strength will fall, it is preferable to set it as 30 to 40%.
By the way, when the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) are mixed in the cement at a certain ratio, the first water-soluble low molecular compound is mixed. When the (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) are electrically arranged to form a pseudo polymer, the admixture functions as a thickener and the early strength of the concrete composition. In order to achieve this, the second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) is first added and kneaded as described above, and then the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound ( It is important to add A).
This is because when the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) are added simultaneously, the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) are added. Since a pseudo polymer is formed in an inhomogeneous state with the water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B), a long time of kneading is required to obtain the desired characteristics by forming the pseudo polymer in a homogeneous state. It is to become.
In addition, when the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) is added first, bubbles are generated during kneading and the amount of air in the concrete increases, which may cause a decrease in strength, a decrease in specific gravity, or the like. .

上記細骨材は、10mm網ふるいを全て通過し、5mm網ふるいを85重量%以上通過する骨材であり、粗骨材は、5mm網ふるいを85重量%以上通過しない骨材であって、いずれも、川砂から得られたものを用いているが、海砂,山砂,砕石などから得られたものでもよい。このとき、上記骨材(粗骨材と細骨材)に含まれる細骨材の割合である細骨材率(S/a)を、(S/a)=30〜45%とすることが好ましい。細骨材率が30%未満もしくは45%を超えた場合には、セメントペーストの粘性が低下するとともに、耐水性が低下する。
また、粗骨材として径の大きな粗骨材を用いた場合には、所用のスランプを得るための単位水量が小さくなり経済的ではあるが、その最大寸法については、鉄筋間隔、かぶり厚さを考慮する必要がある。また、最大寸法が過大であるとコンクリートの扱いが困難となる、材料が分離し易くなる、ポンプ圧送性が低下する、などの問題点があるので、粗骨材の最大寸法は過大とならないよう考慮する必要がある。例えば、3インチ配管で圧送するような条件であれば、水セメント比を40%以下、粗骨材の最大寸法を13mm程度とし、細骨材の割合(S/a)を従来よりも低く設定することにより、高流動性やポンプ圧送性及び材料分離抵抗性を確保しつつ、早強性を有するコンクリートの作製が可能である。
The fine aggregate is an aggregate that passes through all of the 10 mm mesh screen and passes through the 5 mm mesh screen by 85% by weight or more, and the coarse aggregate is an aggregate that does not pass through the 5 mm mesh screen by more than 85% by weight, Although all are obtained from river sand, they may be obtained from sea sand, mountain sand, crushed stone, and the like. At this time, the fine aggregate ratio (S / a), which is the ratio of fine aggregate contained in the aggregate (coarse aggregate and fine aggregate), may be (S / a) = 30 to 45%. preferable. When the fine aggregate ratio is less than 30% or exceeds 45%, the viscosity of the cement paste decreases and the water resistance decreases.
In addition, when a coarse aggregate with a large diameter is used as the coarse aggregate, the unit water volume for obtaining the required slump is small and economical, but the maximum dimensions are the rebar spacing and the cover thickness. It is necessary to consider. In addition, if the maximum dimension is excessive, it will be difficult to handle the concrete, the material will be easily separated, and the pumpability will be reduced, so the maximum dimension of the coarse aggregate will not be excessive. It is necessary to consider. For example, under the condition of pressure feeding with 3 inch piping, the water cement ratio is set to 40% or less, the maximum size of the coarse aggregate is set to about 13 mm, and the ratio of fine aggregate (S / a) is set lower than before. By doing so, it is possible to produce concrete having high strength while ensuring high fluidity, pumpability and material separation resistance.

また、上記コンクリート用化学混和剤としては、リグニン系、ポリカルボン酸系、メラミン系、ナフタリン系、あるいは、アミノスルホン酸系などのポリエーテル系減水剤、AE減水剤、高性能AE減水剤などの、通常使用されているコンクリート用化学混和剤の中から適宜選択することができる。中でも、上記混和剤との相溶性に優れたカルボキシル基含有ポリエーテル系減水剤を、上記早強セメントに対して、好ましくは0.5〜5.0重量%の割合、特に好ましくは1.0〜5.0重量%の割合で配合することにより、フレッシュ保持性、高流動性を有しつつ、早強性を発現させることができる。
また、本発明に用いられる第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)としては、4級アンモニウム塩型カチオン性界面活性剤が好ましく、特に、アルキルアンモニウム塩を主成分とする添加剤が好ましい。また、第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)としては、芳香環を有するスルフォン酸塩が好ましく、特に、アルキルアリルスルホン酸塩を主成分とする添加剤が好ましいが、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)としては、ドデカン酸アミドプロピルベタインなどの両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とPOE(3)ドデシルエーテル硫酸エステル塩などのアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、または、上記カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)と臭化ナトリウムなどの臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせであってもよい。
本例では、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを単位水量に対して、それぞれ0.5〜5.0重量%の割合で配合するとともに、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とをある一定の割合(例えば、2:5〜5:2の範囲)でセメント中に混入するようにしている。上記混和剤は、上述したように、第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とが擬似ポリマーを形成することで増粘作用を発揮するとともに、通常使用されるセルロース系またはアクリル系の水溶性高分子を主成分とする水中不分離性混和剤とは異なり、水和の阻害が認められないので、水中不分離性、フレッシュ保持性に優れるとともに、早強性にも優れたコンクリート組成物を得ることができる。
なお、実験の結果では、上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)との配合の割合が1:1の場合が最適であった。
また、本発明のコンクリート組成物はトンネル工法における覆工コンクリートの構築や、バイブレータによる締め固めが困難な建築物の施工にも適用可能である。また、上記コンクリート組成物は耐水性にも優れているので、特に、湧水地層におけるシールド工法や海洋構造物や地中構造物などの水が存在する場所でのコンクリート施工についても容易にかつ確実に行うことができる。
In addition, the concrete chemical admixtures such as lignin-based, polycarboxylic acid-based, melamine-based, naphthalene-based, or aminosulfonic acid-based polyether water reducing agents, AE water reducing agents, high-performance AE water reducing agents, etc. It can be appropriately selected from the commonly used chemical admixtures for concrete. Among them, the carboxyl group-containing polyether water reducing agent having excellent compatibility with the admixture is preferably in a proportion of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight, particularly preferably 1.0%, based on the early strong cement. By blending at a ratio of ˜5.0% by weight, early strength can be expressed while having fresh retainability and high fluidity.
The first water-soluble low molecular weight compound (A) used in the present invention is preferably a quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactant, and particularly preferably an additive mainly composed of an alkyl ammonium salt. The second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) is preferably a sulfonate having an aromatic ring, and particularly preferably an additive having an alkylallyl sulfonate as a main component. Examples of the low molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) include a compound (A) selected from amphoteric surfactants such as amidopropyl betaine dodecanoate and POE (3) dodecyl ether sulfate. Or a combination of a compound (A) selected from the above cationic surfactants and a compound (B) selected from bromine compounds such as sodium bromide It may be.
In this example, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are blended at a ratio of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight with respect to the unit water amount. In addition, the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B) are mixed in the cement at a certain ratio (for example, in the range of 2: 5 to 5: 2). I try to mix. As described above, the admixture exhibits a thickening action by forming a pseudo polymer with the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low-molecular compound (B), Unlike the water-insoluble separable admixtures based on cellulose or acrylic water-soluble polymers that are commonly used, there is no inhibition of hydration, so it is excellent in water-inseparability and freshness retention. In addition, a concrete composition having excellent early strength can be obtained.
As a result of the experiment, it was optimum that the mixing ratio of the first water-soluble low molecular compound (A) and the second water-soluble low molecular compound (B) was 1: 1.
The concrete composition of the present invention can also be applied to construction of lining concrete in a tunnel method and construction of a building that is difficult to compact with a vibrator. In addition, since the above concrete composition is also excellent in water resistance, it is particularly easy and reliable for shield construction in spring formations and in concrete construction where there is water such as offshore structures and underground structures. Can be done.

以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は何ら実施例に限定されるものではない。
下記の表1、表2に示すように、水190kg/m3に早強セメント(密度;3.14g/cm3)543kg/m3を加え、水セメント比が35%になるように調整した後、これに混和剤として、高性能特殊混和剤(花王株式会社製、カルボキシル基含有ポリエーテル系減水剤、商品名「マイティ4000FA」)、アルキルアリルスルホン酸塩を主成分とする添加剤(花王株式会社製、商品名「ビスコトップ100FA」)とを配合し、これに、川砂から得られた細骨材(密度;2.63g/cm3)597kg/m3とを加えて練り混ぜた後、この混練物にアルキルアンモニウム塩を主成分とする添加剤(花王株式会社製、商品名「ビスコトップ100FB」)を添加して再度混練し、最後に粗骨材(密度;2.56g/cm3)597kg/m3を加えて混練し、コンクリート組成物を作製した。このとき、上記粗骨材として、13mm以下の大きさの粗骨材を用いた。

Figure 2005281088
Figure 2005281088
そして、上記コンクリート組成物につき、以下の(1)〜(8)に示すような材料試験を行った。
(1)初期性状;スランプフロー試験(5分,10分)、空気量試験、コンクリート温度
(2)フレッシュコンクリート経時変化保持性;初期性状試験項目を練りあがり0,60
,120,180,240分で行う。
(3)水中不分離性;水中にフレッシュコンクリートを落下させpHを測定
(4)耐水性;フレッシュコンクリートの円柱供試体を作製し、その供試体に水圧をかけ
、透過した水量を測定するとともに強度試験を実施
(5)粘性試験;23度の傾斜面にコンクリートを流し、その速度を測定
(6)圧縮強度試験;JIS A 1108に準拠して実施
(7)ポンプ圧送試験;3インチ配管で圧送性を確認(管内圧力損失測定、コンクリート
の圧力ロスの確認)
(8)収縮量の測定;長さ変化試験により収縮量を測定
表3及び表4は、上記試験結果のうちの、圧縮強度とフレッシュ性状の測定結果であり、表5は、各本発明のコンクリート組成物の諸特性を、従来の高流動コンクリート及び水中コンクリートと比較した結果を示す。なお、比較例として用いた高流動コンクリートは、「高流動コンクリート施工指針」に、水中コンクリートは、「水中不分離性コンクリート設計施工指針(案)」に基づき作製した。
Figure 2005281088
Figure 2005281088
Figure 2005281088
表3〜表5から明らかなように、本発明のコンクリート組成物は、早強性、流動性、材料分離抵抗性に優れているだけでなく、耐水性にも優れ、更には、ポンプ圧送性、セルフレベリング性についても優れた特性を有することが確認された。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention concretely, this invention is not limited to an Example at all.
Table 1 below, as shown in Table 2, high-early-strength cement (density; 3.14g / cm 3) in water 190kg / m 3 543kg / m 3, and the mixture was adjusted so that the water cement ratio is 35% Later, as an admixture, a high-performance special admixture (manufactured by Kao Corporation, carboxyl group-containing polyether-based water reducing agent, trade name “Mighty 4000FA”), an additive mainly composed of alkylallyl sulfonate (Kao) After the addition of 597 kg / m 3 of fine aggregate (density: 2.63 g / cm 3 ) obtained from river sand In this kneaded product, an additive containing an alkylammonium salt as a main component (trade name “Visco Top 100FB” manufactured by Kao Corporation) was added and kneaded again, and finally coarse aggregate (density: 2.56 g / cm). 3) 597kg / m 3 was added and kneaded, concrete To prepare a Narubutsu. At this time, a coarse aggregate having a size of 13 mm or less was used as the coarse aggregate.
Figure 2005281088
Figure 2005281088
And the material test as shown to the following (1)-(8) was done about the said concrete composition.
(1) Initial properties: slump flow test (5 minutes, 10 minutes), air volume test, concrete temperature (2) retention of fresh concrete over time; initial property test items are refined 0,60
120, 180, 240 minutes.
(3) Inseparability in water; drop fresh concrete into water and measure pH. (4) Water resistance: Create a fresh concrete cylindrical specimen and apply water pressure to the specimen.
Measure the amount of permeated water and conduct a strength test (5) Viscosity test; Pour concrete on an inclined surface of 23 degrees and measure its speed (6) Compressive strength test; Perform according to JIS A 1108 (7) Pump pumping test; confirming pumpability with 3 inch pipe (measurement of pressure loss in pipe, concrete
Confirmation of pressure loss
(8) Measurement of shrinkage amount; measurement of shrinkage amount by length change test Tables 3 and 4 show the measurement results of compressive strength and fresh properties among the test results, and Table 5 shows the results of the present invention. The result of having compared the various characteristics of a concrete composition with the conventional high fluidity concrete and underwater concrete is shown. The high-fluidity concrete used as a comparative example was produced based on the “high-fluidity concrete construction guidelines”, and the underwater concrete was produced based on the “underwater inseparable concrete design construction guidelines (draft)”.
Figure 2005281088
Figure 2005281088
Figure 2005281088
As is apparent from Tables 3 to 5, the concrete composition of the present invention is not only excellent in early strength, fluidity and material separation resistance, but also excellent in water resistance, and further, pumpability. Further, it was confirmed that the self-leveling property has excellent characteristics.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、早強性に優れるとともに、フレッシュ保持性にも優れたコンクリート組成物を得ることができるので、シールド工法における覆工コンクリートの構築や、バイブレータによる締め固めが困難な、建築物の施工を容易にかつ確実に行うことができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, since it is possible to obtain a concrete composition that is excellent in early strength and excellent in freshness retention, construction of lining concrete in the shield method and compaction by a vibrator It is difficult to construct a building easily and reliably.

Claims (5)

セメント、水、骨材、及び、混和剤を含む添加物を混練して成るコンクリート組成物において、上記セメントとして早強ポルトランドセメントを用い、かつ、上記混和剤として、第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)と第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)とを含有する添加剤であり、上記化合物(A)と化合物(B)とが、両性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、または、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)と臭素化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)との組み合わせ、から選択される添加剤のうちのいずれかの添加剤を用いるとともに、上記コンクリート組成物の水セメント比を30〜40%としたことを特徴とするコンクリート組成物。   In a concrete composition formed by kneading cement, water, aggregate, and an additive containing an admixture, an early-strength Portland cement is used as the cement, and the first water-soluble low molecular weight compound is used as the admixture. (A) and a second water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B), and the compound (A) and the compound (B) are selected from amphoteric surfactants and anions A combination with a compound (B) selected from cationic surfactants, or a combination of a compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and a compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds, cationic surfactant A combination of the compound (A) selected from the agents and the compound (B) selected from the bromine compounds, and any one of the additives selected from Concrete composition characterized in that the water-cement ratio of Ried composition 30 to 40%. 上記混和剤として、カチオン性界面活性剤から選ばれる化合物(A)とアニオン性芳香族化合物から選ばれる化合物(B)とを含有する混和剤を用いるとともに、上記化合物(A)と上記化合物(B)とを、単位水量に対して、それぞれ0.5〜5.0重量%の割合で配合したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のコンクリート組成物。   As the admixture, an admixture containing a compound (A) selected from a cationic surfactant and a compound (B) selected from an anionic aromatic compound is used, and the compound (A) and the compound (B) are used. 2) in a proportion of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight with respect to the unit amount of water. 上記コンクリート組成物に、更に、コンクリート用化学混和剤を、セメントに対して、0.5〜5.0重量%の割合で配合したことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のコンクリート組成物。   The concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a chemical admixture for concrete is further added to the concrete composition at a ratio of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight with respect to cement. Composition. 上記コンクリート用化学混和剤として、カルボキシル基含有ポリエーテル系減水剤を用いたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のコンクリート組成物。   The concrete composition according to claim 3, wherein a carboxyl group-containing polyether water reducing agent is used as the concrete chemical admixture. 請求項1〜請求項4のいずれかに記載のコンクリート組成物を製造する方法であって、セメント、水、骨材に上記第2の水溶性低分子化合物(B)を添加して混練した後、上記混練物に上記第1の水溶性低分子化合物(A)を添加して再度混練してコンクリート組成物を製造するようにしたことを特徴とするコンクリート組成物の製造方法。   It is a method of manufacturing the concrete composition in any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: After adding and knead | mixing said 2nd water-soluble low molecular weight compound (B) to cement, water, and an aggregate. A method for producing a concrete composition, characterized in that the first water-soluble low-molecular compound (A) is added to the kneaded material and kneaded again to produce a concrete composition.
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